ScramSha1.java

  1package eu.siacs.conversations.crypto.sasl;
  2
  3import android.util.Base64;
  4
  5import org.bouncycastle.crypto.Digest;
  6import org.bouncycastle.crypto.digests.SHA1Digest;
  7import org.bouncycastle.crypto.macs.HMac;
  8import org.bouncycastle.crypto.params.KeyParameter;
  9
 10import java.math.BigInteger;
 11import java.nio.charset.Charset;
 12import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
 13import java.security.SecureRandom;
 14
 15import eu.siacs.conversations.entities.Account;
 16import eu.siacs.conversations.utils.CryptoHelper;
 17import eu.siacs.conversations.xml.TagWriter;
 18
 19public class ScramSha1 extends SaslMechanism {
 20	// TODO: When channel binding (SCRAM-SHA1-PLUS) is supported in future, generalize this to indicate support and/or usage.
 21	final private static String GS2_HEADER = "n,,";
 22	private String clientFirstMessageBare;
 23	private byte[] serverFirstMessage;
 24	final private String clientNonce;
 25	private byte[] serverSignature = null;
 26	private static HMac HMAC;
 27	private static Digest DIGEST;
 28	private static final byte[] CLIENT_KEY_BYTES = "Client Key".getBytes();
 29	private static final byte[] SERVER_KEY_BYTES = "Server Key".getBytes();
 30
 31	static {
 32		DIGEST = new SHA1Digest();
 33		HMAC = new HMac(new SHA1Digest());
 34	}
 35
 36	private State state = State.INITIAL;
 37
 38	public ScramSha1(final TagWriter tagWriter, final Account account, final SecureRandom rng) {
 39		super(tagWriter, account, rng);
 40
 41		// This nonce should be different for each authentication attempt.
 42		clientNonce = new BigInteger(100, this.rng).toString(32);
 43		clientFirstMessageBare = "";
 44	}
 45
 46	public static String getMechanism() {
 47		return "SCRAM-SHA-1";
 48	}
 49
 50	@Override
 51	public String getClientFirstMessage() {
 52		if (clientFirstMessageBare.isEmpty() && state == State.INITIAL) {
 53			clientFirstMessageBare = "n=" + CryptoHelper.saslPrep(account.getUsername()) +
 54				",r=" + this.clientNonce;
 55			state = State.AUTH_TEXT_SENT;
 56		}
 57		return Base64.encodeToString(
 58				(GS2_HEADER + clientFirstMessageBare).getBytes(Charset.defaultCharset()),
 59				Base64.NO_WRAP);
 60	}
 61
 62	@Override
 63	public String getResponse(final String challenge) throws AuthenticationException {
 64		switch (state) {
 65			case AUTH_TEXT_SENT:
 66				serverFirstMessage = Base64.decode(challenge, Base64.DEFAULT);
 67				final Tokenizer tokenizer = new Tokenizer(serverFirstMessage);
 68				String nonce = "";
 69				int iterationCount = -1;
 70				String salt = "";
 71				for (final String token : tokenizer) {
 72					if (token.charAt(1) == '=') {
 73						switch (token.charAt(0)) {
 74							case 'i':
 75								try {
 76									iterationCount = Integer.parseInt(token.substring(2));
 77								} catch (final NumberFormatException e) {
 78									throw new AuthenticationException(e);
 79								}
 80								break;
 81							case 's':
 82								salt = token.substring(2);
 83								break;
 84							case 'r':
 85								nonce = token.substring(2);
 86								break;
 87							case 'm':
 88								/*
 89								 * RFC 5802:
 90								 * m: This attribute is reserved for future extensibility.  In this
 91								 * version of SCRAM, its presence in a client or a server message
 92								 * MUST cause authentication failure when the attribute is parsed by
 93								 * the other end.
 94								 */
 95								throw new AuthenticationException("Server sent reserved token: `m'");
 96						}
 97					}
 98				}
 99
100				if (iterationCount < 0) {
101					throw new AuthenticationException("Server did not send iteration count");
102				}
103				if (nonce.isEmpty() || !nonce.startsWith(clientNonce)) {
104					throw new AuthenticationException("Server nonce does not contain client nonce: " + nonce);
105				}
106				if (salt.isEmpty()) {
107					throw new AuthenticationException("Server sent empty salt");
108				}
109
110				final String clientFinalMessageWithoutProof = "c=" + Base64.encodeToString(
111						GS2_HEADER.getBytes(), Base64.NO_WRAP) + ",r=" + nonce;
112				final byte[] authMessage = (clientFirstMessageBare + ',' + new String(serverFirstMessage) + ','
113						+ clientFinalMessageWithoutProof).getBytes();
114
115				// TODO: In future, cache the clientKey and serverKey and re-use them on re-auth.
116				final byte[] saltedPassword, clientSignature, serverKey, clientKey;
117				try {
118					saltedPassword = hi(CryptoHelper.saslPrep(account.getPassword()).getBytes(),
119							Base64.decode(salt, Base64.DEFAULT), iterationCount);
120					serverKey = hmac(saltedPassword, SERVER_KEY_BYTES);
121					serverSignature = hmac(serverKey, authMessage);
122					clientKey = hmac(saltedPassword, CLIENT_KEY_BYTES);
123					final byte[] storedKey = digest(clientKey);
124
125					clientSignature = hmac(storedKey, authMessage);
126
127				} catch (final InvalidKeyException e) {
128					throw new AuthenticationException(e);
129				}
130
131				final byte[] clientProof = new byte[clientKey.length];
132
133				for (int i = 0; i < clientProof.length; i++) {
134					clientProof[i] = (byte) (clientKey[i] ^ clientSignature[i]);
135				}
136
137
138				final String clientFinalMessage = clientFinalMessageWithoutProof + ",p=" +
139					Base64.encodeToString(clientProof, Base64.NO_WRAP);
140				state = State.RESPONSE_SENT;
141				return Base64.encodeToString(clientFinalMessage.getBytes(), Base64.NO_WRAP);
142			case RESPONSE_SENT:
143				final String clientCalculatedServerFinalMessage = "v=" +
144					Base64.encodeToString(serverSignature, Base64.NO_WRAP);
145				if (!clientCalculatedServerFinalMessage.equals(new String(Base64.decode(challenge, Base64.DEFAULT)))) {
146					throw new AuthenticationException("Server final message does not match calculated final message");
147				}
148				state = State.VALID_SERVER_RESPONSE;
149				return "";
150			default:
151				throw new InvalidStateException(state);
152		}
153	}
154
155	public static synchronized byte[] hmac(final byte[] key, final byte[] input)
156		throws InvalidKeyException {
157		HMAC.init(new KeyParameter(key));
158		HMAC.update(input, 0, input.length);
159		final byte[] out = new byte[HMAC.getMacSize()];
160		HMAC.doFinal(out, 0);
161		return out;
162	}
163
164	public static synchronized byte[] digest(byte[] bytes) {
165		DIGEST.reset();
166		DIGEST.update(bytes, 0, bytes.length);
167		final byte[] out = new byte[DIGEST.getDigestSize()];
168		DIGEST.doFinal(out, 0);
169		return out;
170	}
171
172	/*
173	 * Hi() is, essentially, PBKDF2 [RFC2898] with HMAC() as the
174	 * pseudorandom function (PRF) and with dkLen == output length of
175	 * HMAC() == output length of H().
176	 */
177	private static synchronized byte[] hi(final byte[] key, final byte[] salt, final int iterations)
178		throws InvalidKeyException {
179		byte[] u = hmac(key, CryptoHelper.concatenateByteArrays(salt, CryptoHelper.ONE));
180		byte[] out = u.clone();
181		for (int i = 1; i < iterations; i++) {
182			u = hmac(key, u);
183			for (int j = 0; j < u.length; j++) {
184				out[j] ^= u[j];
185			}
186		}
187		return out;
188	}
189}