From 3c1c4ca5a19a46e3b487538fe0b08d8b3a96134c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Amolith Date: Sun, 5 Oct 2025 12:48:48 -0600 Subject: [PATCH] initial commit --- lesson2.md | 92 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ lesson3.md | 100 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ lesson4.md | 103 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ lesson5.md | 112 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ lesson6.md | 107 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ lesson7.md | 121 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 6 files changed, 635 insertions(+) create mode 100644 lesson2.md create mode 100644 lesson3.md create mode 100644 lesson4.md create mode 100644 lesson5.md create mode 100644 lesson6.md create mode 100644 lesson7.md diff --git a/lesson2.md b/lesson2.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b03a9782adb179dbde58420cff27d96d7c903166 --- /dev/null +++ b/lesson2.md @@ -0,0 +1,92 @@ +Q: ijo +A: thing, something, being + +Q: jan +A: person, human + +Q: kili +A: fruit, vegetable + +Q: lipu +A: document, book, paper, card, website + +Q: meli +A: woman, female, wife, girlfriend + +Q: ni +A: this, that + +Q: soweli +A: animal, land mammal, beast + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "thing, something, being"? +A: ijo + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "person, human"? +A: jan + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "fruit, vegetable"? +A: kili + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "document, book"? +A: lipu + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "woman, female"? +A: meli + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "this, that"? +A: ni + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "animal, land mammal"? +A: soweli + +Q: What is the basic sentence structure in toki pona? +A: NOUN + li + NOUN (e.g., "meli li jan" = "The woman is a person") + +Q: Are toki pona nouns singular or plural? +A: By themselves, nouns are neither singular nor plural. For example, *meli* can mean either "woman" or "women". Context determines the number. + +Q: Does toki pona use articles like "a" or "the"? +A: No, toki pona doesn't use articles. The word *jan* can mean "a person" or "the person", depending on the situation. + +C: The basic toki pona sentence structure is [NOUN] + [li] + [NOUN]. + +C: In toki pona, *meli* can mean both [woman] and [women] - nouns are neither singular nor plural by default. + +C: The word *jan* can mean both ["a person"] and ["the person"] - toki pona doesn't use [articles]. + +C: [ni li jan] = [This is a person] + +C: [ni li kili] = [This is a banana/fruit] + +C: [lipu li ijo] = [A book is a thing / Documents are things] + +C: [jan li meli] = [The person is a woman] + +C: [soweli li ijo] = [Animals are things] + +C: [meli li jan] = [Women are people] + +C: [kili li ijo] = [Fruits are things] + +C: [ni li soweli] = [This is an animal] + +C: [jan li soweli] = [People are animals] + +C: [lipu li kili] = [The document is a fruit] + +C: [meli li ijo] = [The woman is something] + +C: ni li [jan]. (This is a person) + +C: [ni] li soweli. (This is an animal) + +C: [meli] li jan. (Women are people) + +C: soweli li [ijo]. (Animals are things) + +C: jan li [meli]. (The person is a woman) + +C: [lipu] li ijo. (A book is a thing) + +C: ni li [kili]. (This is a fruit/banana) diff --git a/lesson3.md b/lesson3.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d794c8b47de9a65a25c03a1358be21047056c027 --- /dev/null +++ b/lesson3.md @@ -0,0 +1,100 @@ +Q: telo +A: water, liquid + +Q: tomo +A: house, building, room + +Q: lili +A: little, small + +Q: pona +A: good, simple, friendly + +Q: suli +A: big, large, tall, important + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "water, liquid"? +A: telo + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "house, building, room"? +A: tomo + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "little, small"? +A: lili + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "good, simple, friendly"? +A: pona + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "big, large, tall"? +A: suli + +Q: What is the word order for noun + adjective phrases in toki pona? +A: NOUN + ADJECTIVE (the opposite of English). The noun comes first, then the adjective gives more specific information. + +Q: How do you make a sentence with a noun and adjective in toki pona? +A: NOUN + li + ADJECTIVE. Example: ijo li pona. (Something is good.) + +Q: Can a second noun act as an adjective in toki pona? +A: Yes! This is similar to using "of" in English. Example: lipu soweli = book of animals, tomo meli = home of a woman. + +Q: tomo suli +A: large building, palace + +Q: jan pona +A: good person, friend + +Q: meli lili +A: little woman, girl + +Q: telo suli +A: big water, sea + +Q: lipu soweli +A: book of animals + +Q: tomo meli +A: home of a woman + +C: The word order in toki pona is [NOUN] + [ADJECTIVE], which is the opposite of English. + +C: To say "Something is good" in toki pona: [ijo] li [pona]. + +C: In toki pona, a second noun can act like an adjective, similar to using ["of"] in English. + +C: [telo] li pona. (Water is good.) + +C: telo li [pona]. (Water is good.) + +C: [meli] li [lili]. (The woman is little.) + +C: meli li [lili]. (The woman is little.) + +C: [soweli lili] li pona. (The small animal is friendly.) + +C: soweli [lili] li [pona]. (The small animal is friendly.) + +C: [jan ni] li suli. (This person is tall.) + +C: jan ni li [suli]. (This person is tall.) + +C: [tomo pona] li suli. (The good building is big.) + +C: tomo pona li [suli]. (The good building is big.) + +C: [kili lili] li pona. (Small fruits are good.) + +C: kili [lili] li [pona]. (Small fruits are good.) + +C: telo li [ijo pona]. (Water is a good thing.) + +C: [jan suli] li meli. (The big person is a woman.) + +C: jan suli li [meli]. (The big person is a woman.) + +C: [soweli pona] li lili. (Good animals are small.) + +C: soweli pona li [lili]. (Good animals are small.) + +C: ni li [tomo telo]. (This is a bathroom/water room.) + +C: [ni] li tomo telo. (This is a bathroom/water room.) diff --git a/lesson4.md b/lesson4.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..dea47582f30e7b364518601acd94aafc168ec8d0 --- /dev/null +++ b/lesson4.md @@ -0,0 +1,103 @@ +Q: mi +A: I, me, we + +Q: sina +A: you + +Q: mije +A: man, male + +Q: kulupu +A: community, group + +Q: sin +A: new, another, fresh + +Q: wawa +A: strong, confident, dependable + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "I, me, we"? +A: mi + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "you"? +A: sina + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "man, male"? +A: mije + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "community, group"? +A: kulupu + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "new, fresh"? +A: sin + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "strong, confident"? +A: wawa + +Q: When mi or sina are used as solo subjects, what happens to li? +A: Don't use it. The sentence goes directly from subject to predicate. Example: mi mije (I'm a man), sina sin (you're new). + +Q: How are mi and sina used as possessive adjectives? +A: They come after the noun to show possession: tomo mi (my home), kulupu sina (your community), lipu mi (my book). + +Q: Do you need li after mi when it's the only subject? +A: No. Example: mi mije (I am a man). + +Q: Do you need li after sina when it's the only subject? +A: No. Example: sina pona (You are good). + +C: [mi] mije. (I'm a man) + +C: [sina] sin. (You're new) + +C: mi [mije]. (I'm a man) + +C: sina [sin]. (You're new) + +C: [mi] jan sin. (I'm a new person) + +C: mi jan [sin]. (I'm a new person) + +C: [sina] mije wawa. (You're a confident man) + +C: sina mije [wawa]. (You're a confident man) + +C: sina [meli] wawa. (You're a strong woman) + +C: [mi] soweli lili. (I'm a small animal) + +C: [mije] li jan pona. (The man is a friend) + +C: [mije] sin li suli. (New men are big) + +C: mije [sin] li [suli]. (New men are big) + +C: [kulupu] mi li pona. (My community is good) + +C: kulupu [mi] li pona. (My community is good) + +C: [kulupu] sin li wawa. (The new community is strong) + +C: kulupu [sin] li [wawa]. (The new community is strong) + +C: [tomo] sina li sin. (Your home is new) + +C: tomo [sina] li sin. (Your home is new) + +C: tomo sina li [sin]. (Your home is new) + +C: [tomo] sina li tomo wawa. (Your house is a strong house) + +C: tomo [sina] li tomo [wawa]. (Your house is a strong house) + +C: [tomo] soweli li lili. (The doghouse is small) + +C: tomo [soweli] li lili. (The doghouse is small) + +C: [ni] li lipu sina. (This is your book) + +C: ni li [lipu] sina. (This is your book) + +C: ni li lipu [sina]. (This is your book) + +C: sina jan [kulupu]. (You're a community person) diff --git a/lesson5.md b/lesson5.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..003b8c744b226e0e08bfaec0bbf0a1a19d508609 --- /dev/null +++ b/lesson5.md @@ -0,0 +1,112 @@ +Q: jo +A: to have, contain, carry + +Q: kute +A: to listen to, obey + +Q: moku +A: to eat, drink + +Q: pali +A: to make, do, work on + +Q: sona +A: to know + +Q: toki +A: to talk, speak, communicate + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "to have, contain, carry"? +A: jo + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "to listen to, obey"? +A: kute + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "to eat, drink"? +A: moku + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "to make, do, work on"? +A: pali + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "to know"? +A: sona + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "to talk, speak, communicate"? +A: toki + +Q: What is the basic sentence structure with a verb in toki pona? +A: NOUN + li + VERB + e + NOUN. Example: ijo li pali e ijo. (Something does something.) + +Q: Do verbs in toki pona indicate specific time (past, present, future)? +A: No, verbs do not indicate any specific time. The action can happen in the past, present, or future. Example: mi moku e telo. (I drank water. I drink water. I will drink water.) + +Q: Can you omit the object of a verb in toki pona? +A: Yes, you can omit the object or use ijo as a filler object. mije li sona. = The man knows. mije li sona e ijo. = The man knows things. + +Q: How can toki be used as a noun? +A: As a noun, toki means: something that you speak (i.e., a language), or the act of speaking (i.e., speech) + +Q: How can moku be used as a noun? +A: As a noun, moku means: something that you eat (i.e., food), or the act of eating + +Q: What does jan sona mean? +A: a person who knows, a knowledgeable person (Example of using a verb as an adjective) + +Q: What does tomo moku mean? +A: a room for eating (Example of using a verb as an adjective) + +C: The basic toki pona sentence structure with a verb is [NOUN] + [li] + [VERB] + [e] + [NOUN]. + +C: In toki pona, verbs do not indicate [time] - they can refer to past, present, or future. + +C: You can [omit the object] of a verb in toki pona, or use [ijo] as a filler object. + +C: As a noun, [toki] means a language or the act of speaking. + +C: As a noun, [moku] means food or the act of eating. + +C: [jan sona] = a knowledgeable person (verb used as adjective) + +C: [tomo moku] = a room for eating (verb used as adjective) + +C: [mi sona e toki pona.] = [I know a simple language.] + +C: mi [sona] e toki pona. (I know a simple language.) + +C: mi sona [e] toki pona. (I know a simple language.) + +C: [mije ni li jan toki.] = [That man is a messenger.] + +C: mije ni li [jan toki]. (That man is a messenger.) + +C: [soweli suli li moku e sina.] = [A large animal is eating you.] + +C: soweli suli li [moku] e sina. (A large animal is eating you.) + +C: soweli suli li moku [e] sina. (A large animal is eating you.) + +C: [lipu kulupu li wawa.] = [The community's book is reliable.] + +C: [lipu kulupu] li wawa. (The community's book is reliable.) + +C: [sina pali e moku sin.] = [You made new food.] + +C: sina [pali] e moku sin. (You made new food.) + +C: sina pali [e] moku sin. (You made new food.) + +C: sina pali e [moku sin]. (You made new food.) + +C: [jan sona li kute.] = [A person of knowledge listens.] + +C: [jan sona] li kute. (A person of knowledge listens.) + +C: jan sona li [kute]. (A person of knowledge listens.) + +C: [tomo sona li jo e lipu.] = [The school has books.] + +C: [tomo sona] li jo e lipu. (The school has books.) + +C: tomo sona li [jo] e lipu. (The school has books.) + +C: tomo sona li jo [e] lipu. (The school has books.) diff --git a/lesson6.md b/lesson6.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d38f90209f661492d0fca6d7ca673052a46254d6 --- /dev/null +++ b/lesson6.md @@ -0,0 +1,107 @@ +Q: ala +A: not, no, zero + +Q: ike +A: bad, negative + +Q: mute +A: many, very + +Q: pu +A: interacting with the official Toki Pona book + +Q: sewi +A: sacred, divine + +Q: wan +A: one, united + +Q: mama +A: parent + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "not, no, zero"? +A: ala + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "bad, negative"? +A: ike + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "many, very"? +A: mute + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "interacting with the official Toki Pona book"? +A: pu + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "sacred, divine"? +A: sewi + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "one, united"? +A: wan + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "parent"? +A: mama + +Q: Where do you place an adjective to modify a verb? +A: The adjective goes directly after the verb. Example: mi moku ala e soweli. (I don't eat animals.) + +Q: Can adjectives modify other adjectives in toki pona? +A: Yes. Examples: pona mute (very good), wawa lili (a bit strong) + +Q: How do you convert an adjective into a noun in toki pona? +A: Use it as "that which is [adjective]". Examples: sewi (sacred) → sewi (God), ala (not) → ala (nothingness) + +Q: How do you convert an adjective into a verb in toki pona? +A: Use it to mean "to make [adjective]". Examples: pona (good) → pona (to improve), suli (large) → suli (to enlarge) + +Q: pona mute +A: very good (adjective modifying adjective) + +Q: wawa lili +A: a bit strong (adjective modifying adjective) + +Q: sewi as adjective vs noun +A: Adjective: sacred, divine. Noun: that which is divine, i.e. God + +Q: ala as adjective vs noun +A: Adjective: not. Noun: that which is not, i.e. nothingness + +Q: pona as adjective vs verb +A: Adjective: good. Verb: to make good, improve + +Q: suli as adjective vs verb +A: Adjective: large. Verb: to make large, enlarge + +C: To modify a verb with an adjective, place the adjective [directly after the verb]. + +C: Adjectives [can] modify other adjectives in toki pona. Example: pona mute = [very good]. + +C: To convert an adjective to a noun, use it as ["that which is [adjective]"]. Example: sewi (sacred) becomes [God/the divine]. + +C: To convert an adjective to a verb, use it to mean ["to make [adjective]"]. Example: pona (good) becomes [to improve]. + +C: [pali] sina li [pona] mute. (Your work is very good.) + +C: pali [sina] li pona [mute]. (Your work is very good.) + +C: [telo] li wawa e mi. (Water strengthens me.) + +C: telo li [wawa] e mi. (Water strengthens me.) + +C: [jan sona] li pu. (The scholars consult the Toki Pona book.) + +C: jan sona li [pu]. (The scholars consult the Toki Pona book.) + +C: [meli lili] li kute ike e mama. (The girls misheard the parent.) + +C: meli lili li [kute ike] e [mama]. (The girls misheard the parent.) + +C: [sewi] li wan. (The Divine is One.) + +C: sewi li [wan]. (The Divine is One.) + +C: [jan ala] li ike. (Nobody is bad.) + +C: jan ala li [ike]. (Nobody is bad.) + +C: [mama mije] li pu mute. (Fathers use the Toki Pona book a lot.) + +C: mama mije li [pu mute]. (Fathers use the Toki Pona book a lot.) diff --git a/lesson7.md b/lesson7.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..90abeb725f849c4b877e7304d09525aaf92c486a --- /dev/null +++ b/lesson7.md @@ -0,0 +1,121 @@ +Q: ilo +A: tool, machine, device + +Q: kala +A: fish, marine animal, sea creature + +Q: ona +A: he, she, it, they + +Q: anu +A: or + +Q: seme +A: what?, which? + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "tool, machine, device"? +A: ilo + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "fish, marine animal"? +A: kala + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "he, she, it, they"? +A: ona + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "or"? +A: anu + +Q: What is the toki pona word for "what?, which?"? +A: seme + +Q: How do you ask a 'what' question using seme? +A: Place seme where the missing information would go, without changing word order. Examples: seme li sin? (What is new?), jan seme li toki? (Which person is speaking?), sina seme e ona? (What are you doing to her?) + +Q: How do you form a yes-or-no question with anu seme? +A: Add anu seme to the end of a statement. Example: sina pu anu seme? (Have you interacted with the official book?) + +Q: How do you form a yes-or-no question with the verb ala verb pattern? +A: Repeat the main verb with ala between them. Examples: ona li mama ala mama? (Is she a parent?), sina kute ala kute e mama sina? (Do you obey your parent?) + +Q: How do you reply 'yes' in toki pona? +A: Repeat the verb. + +Q: How do you reply 'no' in toki pona? +A: Repeat the verb with ala, or say ala alone. + +Q: ona as pronoun vs adjective +A: Pronoun: he, she, it, they. Adjective: his, her, their, its + +Q: ilo toki +A: communication tool, telephone + +Q: kala wawa +A: strong fish, shark + +C: To ask a 'what' question in toki pona, place [seme] where the [missing information would go], without changing word order. + +C: To form a yes-or-no question with [anu seme], add it to the [end of a statement]. + +C: To form a yes-or-no question with the verb ala verb pattern, [repeat the main verb] with [ala] between them. + +C: To answer yes in toki pona, [repeat the verb]. To answer no, repeat the verb with [ala], or say [ala] alone. + +C: As a pronoun, ona means [he, she, it, they]. As an adjective, ona means [his, her, their, its]. + +C: [seme] li sin? (What is new?) + +C: seme li [sin]? (What is new?) + +C: [jan seme] li toki? (Which person is speaking?) + +C: jan [seme] li toki? (Which person is speaking?) + +C: [sina] pu anu seme? (Have you touched the official book?) + +C: sina [pu] anu seme? (Have you touched the official book?) + +C: sina pu [anu seme]? (Have you touched the official book?) + +C: [ona] li mama ala mama? (Is she a parent?) + +C: ona li [mama ala mama]? (Is she a parent?) + +C: ona li mama [ala] mama? (Is she a parent?) + +C: [ona] li jo ala jo e kili mute? (Does he have many vegetables?) + +C: ona li [jo ala jo] e kili mute? (Does he have many vegetables?) + +C: ona li jo ala jo e [kili] mute? (Does he have many vegetables?) + +C: [mije sona] li jo e kala anu seme? (Does the wise man carry a fish?) + +C: mije sona li [jo] e kala anu seme? (Does the wise man carry a fish?) + +C: mije sona li jo e [kala] anu seme? (Does the wise man carry a fish?) + +C: [sina] seme e ona? (What are you doing to her?) + +C: sina [seme] e ona? (What are you doing to her?) + +C: sina seme e [ona]? (What are you doing to her?) + +C: [tomo] li jo e ilo toki. (The room has a telephone.) + +C: tomo li [jo] e ilo toki. (The room has a telephone.) + +C: tomo li jo e [ilo toki]. (The room has a telephone.) + +C: [sina] kute ala kute e mama sina? (Do you obey your parent?) + +C: sina [kute ala kute] e mama sina? (Do you obey your parent?) + +C: sina kute ala kute e [mama] sina? (Do you obey your parent?) + +C: sina kute ala kute e mama [sina]? (Do you obey your parent?) + +C: [kala wawa] li moku e seme? (What does a shark eat?) + +C: kala wawa li [moku] e seme? (What does a shark eat?) + +C: kala wawa li moku e [seme]? (What does a shark eat?)