app.rs

   1mod async_context;
   2mod entity_map;
   3mod model_context;
   4#[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-support"))]
   5mod test_context;
   6
   7pub use async_context::*;
   8use derive_more::{Deref, DerefMut};
   9pub use entity_map::*;
  10pub use model_context::*;
  11use refineable::Refineable;
  12use smallvec::SmallVec;
  13#[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-support"))]
  14pub use test_context::*;
  15
  16use crate::{
  17    current_platform, image_cache::ImageCache, Action, AnyBox, AnyView, AnyWindowHandle,
  18    AppMetadata, AssetSource, BackgroundExecutor, ClipboardItem, Context, DispatchPhase, DisplayId,
  19    Entity, EventEmitter, FocusEvent, FocusHandle, FocusId, ForegroundExecutor, KeyBinding, Keymap,
  20    LayoutId, PathPromptOptions, Pixels, Platform, PlatformDisplay, Point, Render, SubscriberSet,
  21    Subscription, SvgRenderer, Task, TextStyle, TextStyleRefinement, TextSystem, View, ViewContext,
  22    Window, WindowContext, WindowHandle, WindowId,
  23};
  24use anyhow::{anyhow, Result};
  25use collections::{HashMap, HashSet, VecDeque};
  26use futures::{channel::oneshot, future::LocalBoxFuture, Future};
  27use parking_lot::Mutex;
  28use slotmap::SlotMap;
  29use std::{
  30    any::{type_name, Any, TypeId},
  31    cell::{Ref, RefCell, RefMut},
  32    marker::PhantomData,
  33    mem,
  34    ops::{Deref, DerefMut},
  35    path::{Path, PathBuf},
  36    rc::{Rc, Weak},
  37    sync::{atomic::Ordering::SeqCst, Arc},
  38    time::Duration,
  39};
  40use util::http::{self, HttpClient};
  41
  42/// Temporary(?) wrapper around RefCell<AppContext> to help us debug any double borrows.
  43/// Strongly consider removing after stabilization.
  44pub struct AppCell {
  45    app: RefCell<AppContext>,
  46}
  47
  48impl AppCell {
  49    #[track_caller]
  50    pub fn borrow(&self) -> AppRef {
  51        if let Some(_) = option_env!("TRACK_THREAD_BORROWS") {
  52            let thread_id = std::thread::current().id();
  53            eprintln!("borrowed {thread_id:?}");
  54        }
  55        AppRef(self.app.borrow())
  56    }
  57
  58    #[track_caller]
  59    pub fn borrow_mut(&self) -> AppRefMut {
  60        if let Some(_) = option_env!("TRACK_THREAD_BORROWS") {
  61            let thread_id = std::thread::current().id();
  62            eprintln!("borrowed {thread_id:?}");
  63        }
  64        AppRefMut(self.app.borrow_mut())
  65    }
  66}
  67
  68#[derive(Deref, DerefMut)]
  69pub struct AppRef<'a>(Ref<'a, AppContext>);
  70
  71impl<'a> Drop for AppRef<'a> {
  72    fn drop(&mut self) {
  73        if let Some(_) = option_env!("TRACK_THREAD_BORROWS") {
  74            let thread_id = std::thread::current().id();
  75            eprintln!("dropped borrow from {thread_id:?}");
  76        }
  77    }
  78}
  79
  80#[derive(Deref, DerefMut)]
  81pub struct AppRefMut<'a>(RefMut<'a, AppContext>);
  82
  83impl<'a> Drop for AppRefMut<'a> {
  84    fn drop(&mut self) {
  85        if let Some(_) = option_env!("TRACK_THREAD_BORROWS") {
  86            let thread_id = std::thread::current().id();
  87            eprintln!("dropped {thread_id:?}");
  88        }
  89    }
  90}
  91
  92pub struct App(Rc<AppCell>);
  93
  94/// Represents an application before it is fully launched. Once your app is
  95/// configured, you'll start the app with `App::run`.
  96impl App {
  97    /// Builds an app with the given asset source.
  98    pub fn production(asset_source: Arc<dyn AssetSource>) -> Self {
  99        Self(AppContext::new(
 100            current_platform(),
 101            asset_source,
 102            http::client(),
 103        ))
 104    }
 105
 106    /// Start the application. The provided callback will be called once the
 107    /// app is fully launched.
 108    pub fn run<F>(self, on_finish_launching: F)
 109    where
 110        F: 'static + FnOnce(&mut AppContext),
 111    {
 112        let this = self.0.clone();
 113        let platform = self.0.borrow().platform.clone();
 114        platform.run(Box::new(move || {
 115            let cx = &mut *this.borrow_mut();
 116            on_finish_launching(cx);
 117        }));
 118    }
 119
 120    /// Register a handler to be invoked when the platform instructs the application
 121    /// to open one or more URLs.
 122    pub fn on_open_urls<F>(&self, mut callback: F) -> &Self
 123    where
 124        F: 'static + FnMut(Vec<String>, &mut AppContext),
 125    {
 126        let this = Rc::downgrade(&self.0);
 127        self.0.borrow().platform.on_open_urls(Box::new(move |urls| {
 128            if let Some(app) = this.upgrade() {
 129                callback(urls, &mut *app.borrow_mut());
 130            }
 131        }));
 132        self
 133    }
 134
 135    pub fn on_reopen<F>(&self, mut callback: F) -> &Self
 136    where
 137        F: 'static + FnMut(&mut AppContext),
 138    {
 139        let this = Rc::downgrade(&self.0);
 140        self.0.borrow_mut().platform.on_reopen(Box::new(move || {
 141            if let Some(app) = this.upgrade() {
 142                callback(&mut app.borrow_mut());
 143            }
 144        }));
 145        self
 146    }
 147
 148    pub fn metadata(&self) -> AppMetadata {
 149        self.0.borrow().app_metadata.clone()
 150    }
 151
 152    pub fn background_executor(&self) -> BackgroundExecutor {
 153        self.0.borrow().background_executor.clone()
 154    }
 155
 156    pub fn foreground_executor(&self) -> ForegroundExecutor {
 157        self.0.borrow().foreground_executor.clone()
 158    }
 159
 160    pub fn text_system(&self) -> Arc<TextSystem> {
 161        self.0.borrow().text_system.clone()
 162    }
 163}
 164
 165pub(crate) type FrameCallback = Box<dyn FnOnce(&mut AppContext)>;
 166type Handler = Box<dyn FnMut(&mut AppContext) -> bool + 'static>;
 167type Listener = Box<dyn FnMut(&dyn Any, &mut AppContext) -> bool + 'static>;
 168type QuitHandler = Box<dyn FnOnce(&mut AppContext) -> LocalBoxFuture<'static, ()> + 'static>;
 169type ReleaseListener = Box<dyn FnOnce(&mut dyn Any, &mut AppContext) + 'static>;
 170type NewViewListener = Box<dyn FnMut(AnyView, &mut WindowContext) + 'static>;
 171
 172// struct FrameConsumer {
 173//     next_frame_callbacks: Vec<FrameCallback>,
 174//     task: Task<()>,
 175//     display_linker
 176// }
 177
 178pub struct AppContext {
 179    pub(crate) this: Weak<AppCell>,
 180    pub(crate) platform: Rc<dyn Platform>,
 181    app_metadata: AppMetadata,
 182    text_system: Arc<TextSystem>,
 183    flushing_effects: bool,
 184    pending_updates: usize,
 185    pub(crate) active_drag: Option<AnyDrag>,
 186    pub(crate) active_tooltip: Option<AnyTooltip>,
 187    pub(crate) next_frame_callbacks: HashMap<DisplayId, Vec<FrameCallback>>,
 188    pub(crate) frame_consumers: HashMap<DisplayId, Task<()>>,
 189    pub(crate) background_executor: BackgroundExecutor,
 190    pub(crate) foreground_executor: ForegroundExecutor,
 191    pub(crate) svg_renderer: SvgRenderer,
 192    asset_source: Arc<dyn AssetSource>,
 193    pub(crate) image_cache: ImageCache,
 194    pub(crate) text_style_stack: Vec<TextStyleRefinement>,
 195    pub(crate) globals_by_type: HashMap<TypeId, AnyBox>,
 196    pub(crate) entities: EntityMap,
 197    pub(crate) new_view_observers: SubscriberSet<TypeId, NewViewListener>,
 198    pub(crate) windows: SlotMap<WindowId, Option<Window>>,
 199    pub(crate) keymap: Arc<Mutex<Keymap>>,
 200    pub(crate) global_action_listeners:
 201        HashMap<TypeId, Vec<Box<dyn Fn(&dyn Action, DispatchPhase, &mut Self)>>>,
 202    pending_effects: VecDeque<Effect>,
 203    pub(crate) pending_notifications: HashSet<EntityId>,
 204    pub(crate) pending_global_notifications: HashSet<TypeId>,
 205    pub(crate) observers: SubscriberSet<EntityId, Handler>,
 206    pub(crate) event_listeners: SubscriberSet<EntityId, Listener>,
 207    pub(crate) release_listeners: SubscriberSet<EntityId, ReleaseListener>,
 208    pub(crate) global_observers: SubscriberSet<TypeId, Handler>,
 209    pub(crate) quit_observers: SubscriberSet<(), QuitHandler>,
 210    pub(crate) layout_id_buffer: Vec<LayoutId>, // We recycle this memory across layout requests.
 211    pub(crate) propagate_event: bool,
 212}
 213
 214impl AppContext {
 215    pub(crate) fn new(
 216        platform: Rc<dyn Platform>,
 217        asset_source: Arc<dyn AssetSource>,
 218        http_client: Arc<dyn HttpClient>,
 219    ) -> Rc<AppCell> {
 220        let executor = platform.background_executor();
 221        let foreground_executor = platform.foreground_executor();
 222        assert!(
 223            executor.is_main_thread(),
 224            "must construct App on main thread"
 225        );
 226
 227        let text_system = Arc::new(TextSystem::new(platform.text_system()));
 228        let entities = EntityMap::new();
 229
 230        let app_metadata = AppMetadata {
 231            os_name: platform.os_name(),
 232            os_version: platform.os_version().ok(),
 233            app_version: platform.app_version().ok(),
 234        };
 235
 236        Rc::new_cyclic(|this| AppCell {
 237            app: RefCell::new(AppContext {
 238                this: this.clone(),
 239                platform,
 240                app_metadata,
 241                text_system,
 242                flushing_effects: false,
 243                pending_updates: 0,
 244                active_drag: None,
 245                active_tooltip: None,
 246                next_frame_callbacks: HashMap::default(),
 247                frame_consumers: HashMap::default(),
 248                background_executor: executor,
 249                foreground_executor,
 250                svg_renderer: SvgRenderer::new(asset_source.clone()),
 251                asset_source,
 252                image_cache: ImageCache::new(http_client),
 253                text_style_stack: Vec::new(),
 254                globals_by_type: HashMap::default(),
 255                entities,
 256                new_view_observers: SubscriberSet::new(),
 257                windows: SlotMap::with_key(),
 258                keymap: Arc::new(Mutex::new(Keymap::default())),
 259                global_action_listeners: HashMap::default(),
 260                pending_effects: VecDeque::new(),
 261                pending_notifications: HashSet::default(),
 262                pending_global_notifications: HashSet::default(),
 263                observers: SubscriberSet::new(),
 264                event_listeners: SubscriberSet::new(),
 265                release_listeners: SubscriberSet::new(),
 266                global_observers: SubscriberSet::new(),
 267                quit_observers: SubscriberSet::new(),
 268                layout_id_buffer: Default::default(),
 269                propagate_event: true,
 270            }),
 271        })
 272    }
 273
 274    /// Quit the application gracefully. Handlers registered with `ModelContext::on_app_quit`
 275    /// will be given 100ms to complete before exiting.
 276    pub fn quit(&mut self) {
 277        let mut futures = Vec::new();
 278
 279        for observer in self.quit_observers.remove(&()) {
 280            futures.push(observer(self));
 281        }
 282
 283        self.windows.clear();
 284        self.flush_effects();
 285
 286        let futures = futures::future::join_all(futures);
 287        if self
 288            .background_executor
 289            .block_with_timeout(Duration::from_millis(100), futures)
 290            .is_err()
 291        {
 292            log::error!("timed out waiting on app_will_quit");
 293        }
 294
 295        self.globals_by_type.clear();
 296    }
 297
 298    pub fn app_metadata(&self) -> AppMetadata {
 299        self.app_metadata.clone()
 300    }
 301
 302    /// Schedules all windows in the application to be redrawn. This can be called
 303    /// multiple times in an update cycle and still result in a single redraw.
 304    pub fn refresh(&mut self) {
 305        self.pending_effects.push_back(Effect::Refresh);
 306    }
 307    pub(crate) fn update<R>(&mut self, update: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R) -> R {
 308        self.pending_updates += 1;
 309        let result = update(self);
 310        if !self.flushing_effects && self.pending_updates == 1 {
 311            self.flushing_effects = true;
 312            self.flush_effects();
 313            self.flushing_effects = false;
 314        }
 315        self.pending_updates -= 1;
 316        result
 317    }
 318
 319    pub fn observe<W, E>(
 320        &mut self,
 321        entity: &E,
 322        mut on_notify: impl FnMut(E, &mut AppContext) + 'static,
 323    ) -> Subscription
 324    where
 325        W: 'static,
 326        E: Entity<W>,
 327    {
 328        self.observe_internal(entity, move |e, cx| {
 329            on_notify(e, cx);
 330            true
 331        })
 332    }
 333
 334    pub fn observe_internal<W, E>(
 335        &mut self,
 336        entity: &E,
 337        mut on_notify: impl FnMut(E, &mut AppContext) -> bool + 'static,
 338    ) -> Subscription
 339    where
 340        W: 'static,
 341        E: Entity<W>,
 342    {
 343        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
 344        let handle = entity.downgrade();
 345        self.observers.insert(
 346            entity_id,
 347            Box::new(move |cx| {
 348                if let Some(handle) = E::upgrade_from(&handle) {
 349                    on_notify(handle, cx)
 350                } else {
 351                    false
 352                }
 353            }),
 354        )
 355    }
 356
 357    pub fn subscribe<T, E>(
 358        &mut self,
 359        entity: &E,
 360        mut on_event: impl FnMut(E, &T::Event, &mut AppContext) + 'static,
 361    ) -> Subscription
 362    where
 363        T: 'static + EventEmitter,
 364        E: Entity<T>,
 365    {
 366        self.subscribe_internal(entity, move |entity, event, cx| {
 367            on_event(entity, event, cx);
 368            true
 369        })
 370    }
 371
 372    pub(crate) fn subscribe_internal<T, E>(
 373        &mut self,
 374        entity: &E,
 375        mut on_event: impl FnMut(E, &T::Event, &mut AppContext) -> bool + 'static,
 376    ) -> Subscription
 377    where
 378        T: 'static + EventEmitter,
 379        E: Entity<T>,
 380    {
 381        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
 382        let entity = entity.downgrade();
 383        self.event_listeners.insert(
 384            entity_id,
 385            Box::new(move |event, cx| {
 386                let event: &T::Event = event.downcast_ref().expect("invalid event type");
 387                if let Some(handle) = E::upgrade_from(&entity) {
 388                    on_event(handle, event, cx)
 389                } else {
 390                    false
 391                }
 392            }),
 393        )
 394    }
 395
 396    pub fn windows(&self) -> Vec<AnyWindowHandle> {
 397        self.windows
 398            .values()
 399            .filter_map(|window| Some(window.as_ref()?.handle.clone()))
 400            .collect()
 401    }
 402
 403    /// Opens a new window with the given option and the root view returned by the given function.
 404    /// The function is invoked with a `WindowContext`, which can be used to interact with window-specific
 405    /// functionality.
 406    pub fn open_window<V: Render>(
 407        &mut self,
 408        options: crate::WindowOptions,
 409        build_root_view: impl FnOnce(&mut WindowContext) -> View<V>,
 410    ) -> WindowHandle<V> {
 411        self.update(|cx| {
 412            let id = cx.windows.insert(None);
 413            let handle = WindowHandle::new(id);
 414            let mut window = Window::new(handle.into(), options, cx);
 415            let root_view = build_root_view(&mut WindowContext::new(cx, &mut window));
 416            window.root_view.replace(root_view.into());
 417            cx.windows.get_mut(id).unwrap().replace(window);
 418            handle
 419        })
 420    }
 421
 422    /// Instructs the platform to activate the application by bringing it to the foreground.
 423    pub fn activate(&self, ignoring_other_apps: bool) {
 424        self.platform.activate(ignoring_other_apps);
 425    }
 426
 427    /// Returns the list of currently active displays.
 428    pub fn displays(&self) -> Vec<Rc<dyn PlatformDisplay>> {
 429        self.platform.displays()
 430    }
 431
 432    /// Writes data to the platform clipboard.
 433    pub fn write_to_clipboard(&self, item: ClipboardItem) {
 434        self.platform.write_to_clipboard(item)
 435    }
 436
 437    /// Reads data from the platform clipboard.
 438    pub fn read_from_clipboard(&self) -> Option<ClipboardItem> {
 439        self.platform.read_from_clipboard()
 440    }
 441
 442    /// Writes credentials to the platform keychain.
 443    pub fn write_credentials(&self, url: &str, username: &str, password: &[u8]) -> Result<()> {
 444        self.platform.write_credentials(url, username, password)
 445    }
 446
 447    /// Reads credentials from the platform keychain.
 448    pub fn read_credentials(&self, url: &str) -> Result<Option<(String, Vec<u8>)>> {
 449        self.platform.read_credentials(url)
 450    }
 451
 452    /// Deletes credentials from the platform keychain.
 453    pub fn delete_credentials(&self, url: &str) -> Result<()> {
 454        self.platform.delete_credentials(url)
 455    }
 456
 457    /// Directs the platform's default browser to open the given URL.
 458    pub fn open_url(&self, url: &str) {
 459        self.platform.open_url(url);
 460    }
 461
 462    pub fn path_for_auxiliary_executable(&self, name: &str) -> Result<PathBuf> {
 463        self.platform.path_for_auxiliary_executable(name)
 464    }
 465
 466    pub fn prompt_for_paths(
 467        &self,
 468        options: PathPromptOptions,
 469    ) -> oneshot::Receiver<Option<Vec<PathBuf>>> {
 470        self.platform.prompt_for_paths(options)
 471    }
 472
 473    pub fn prompt_for_new_path(&self, directory: &Path) -> oneshot::Receiver<Option<PathBuf>> {
 474        self.platform.prompt_for_new_path(directory)
 475    }
 476
 477    pub fn reveal_path(&self, path: &Path) {
 478        self.platform.reveal_path(path)
 479    }
 480
 481    pub fn should_auto_hide_scrollbars(&self) -> bool {
 482        self.platform.should_auto_hide_scrollbars()
 483    }
 484
 485    pub(crate) fn push_effect(&mut self, effect: Effect) {
 486        match &effect {
 487            Effect::Notify { emitter } => {
 488                if !self.pending_notifications.insert(*emitter) {
 489                    return;
 490                }
 491            }
 492            Effect::NotifyGlobalObservers { global_type } => {
 493                if !self.pending_global_notifications.insert(*global_type) {
 494                    return;
 495                }
 496            }
 497            _ => {}
 498        };
 499
 500        self.pending_effects.push_back(effect);
 501    }
 502
 503    /// Called at the end of AppContext::update to complete any side effects
 504    /// such as notifying observers, emitting events, etc. Effects can themselves
 505    /// cause effects, so we continue looping until all effects are processed.
 506    fn flush_effects(&mut self) {
 507        loop {
 508            self.release_dropped_entities();
 509            self.release_dropped_focus_handles();
 510            if let Some(effect) = self.pending_effects.pop_front() {
 511                match effect {
 512                    Effect::Notify { emitter } => {
 513                        self.apply_notify_effect(emitter);
 514                    }
 515                    Effect::Emit { emitter, event } => self.apply_emit_effect(emitter, event),
 516                    Effect::FocusChanged {
 517                        window_handle,
 518                        focused,
 519                    } => {
 520                        self.apply_focus_changed_effect(window_handle, focused);
 521                    }
 522                    Effect::Refresh => {
 523                        self.apply_refresh_effect();
 524                    }
 525                    Effect::NotifyGlobalObservers { global_type } => {
 526                        self.apply_notify_global_observers_effect(global_type);
 527                    }
 528                    Effect::Defer { callback } => {
 529                        self.apply_defer_effect(callback);
 530                    }
 531                }
 532            } else {
 533                break;
 534            }
 535        }
 536
 537        let dirty_window_ids = self
 538            .windows
 539            .iter()
 540            .filter_map(|(_, window)| {
 541                let window = window.as_ref().unwrap();
 542                if window.dirty {
 543                    Some(window.handle.clone())
 544                } else {
 545                    None
 546                }
 547            })
 548            .collect::<SmallVec<[_; 8]>>();
 549
 550        for dirty_window_handle in dirty_window_ids {
 551            dirty_window_handle.update(self, |_, cx| cx.draw()).unwrap();
 552        }
 553    }
 554
 555    /// Repeatedly called during `flush_effects` to release any entities whose
 556    /// reference count has become zero. We invoke any release observers before dropping
 557    /// each entity.
 558    fn release_dropped_entities(&mut self) {
 559        loop {
 560            let dropped = self.entities.take_dropped();
 561            if dropped.is_empty() {
 562                break;
 563            }
 564
 565            for (entity_id, mut entity) in dropped {
 566                self.observers.remove(&entity_id);
 567                self.event_listeners.remove(&entity_id);
 568                for release_callback in self.release_listeners.remove(&entity_id) {
 569                    release_callback(entity.as_mut(), self);
 570                }
 571            }
 572        }
 573    }
 574
 575    /// Repeatedly called during `flush_effects` to handle a focused handle being dropped.
 576    /// For now, we simply blur the window if this happens, but we may want to support invoking
 577    /// a window blur handler to restore focus to some logical element.
 578    fn release_dropped_focus_handles(&mut self) {
 579        for window_handle in self.windows() {
 580            window_handle
 581                .update(self, |_, cx| {
 582                    let mut blur_window = false;
 583                    let focus = cx.window.focus;
 584                    cx.window.focus_handles.write().retain(|handle_id, count| {
 585                        if count.load(SeqCst) == 0 {
 586                            if focus == Some(handle_id) {
 587                                blur_window = true;
 588                            }
 589                            false
 590                        } else {
 591                            true
 592                        }
 593                    });
 594
 595                    if blur_window {
 596                        cx.blur();
 597                    }
 598                })
 599                .unwrap();
 600        }
 601    }
 602
 603    fn apply_notify_effect(&mut self, emitter: EntityId) {
 604        self.pending_notifications.remove(&emitter);
 605
 606        self.observers
 607            .clone()
 608            .retain(&emitter, |handler| handler(self));
 609    }
 610
 611    fn apply_emit_effect(&mut self, emitter: EntityId, event: Box<dyn Any>) {
 612        self.event_listeners
 613            .clone()
 614            .retain(&emitter, |handler| handler(event.as_ref(), self));
 615    }
 616
 617    fn apply_focus_changed_effect(
 618        &mut self,
 619        window_handle: AnyWindowHandle,
 620        focused: Option<FocusId>,
 621    ) {
 622        window_handle
 623            .update(self, |_, cx| {
 624                if cx.window.focus == focused {
 625                    let mut listeners = mem::take(&mut cx.window.current_frame.focus_listeners);
 626                    let focused = focused
 627                        .map(|id| FocusHandle::for_id(id, &cx.window.focus_handles).unwrap());
 628                    let blurred = cx
 629                        .window
 630                        .last_blur
 631                        .take()
 632                        .unwrap()
 633                        .and_then(|id| FocusHandle::for_id(id, &cx.window.focus_handles));
 634                    if focused.is_some() || blurred.is_some() {
 635                        let event = FocusEvent { focused, blurred };
 636                        for listener in &listeners {
 637                            listener(&event, cx);
 638                        }
 639                    }
 640
 641                    listeners.extend(cx.window.current_frame.focus_listeners.drain(..));
 642                    cx.window.current_frame.focus_listeners = listeners;
 643                }
 644            })
 645            .ok();
 646    }
 647
 648    fn apply_refresh_effect(&mut self) {
 649        for window in self.windows.values_mut() {
 650            if let Some(window) = window.as_mut() {
 651                window.dirty = true;
 652            }
 653        }
 654    }
 655
 656    fn apply_notify_global_observers_effect(&mut self, type_id: TypeId) {
 657        self.pending_global_notifications.remove(&type_id);
 658        self.global_observers
 659            .clone()
 660            .retain(&type_id, |observer| observer(self));
 661    }
 662
 663    fn apply_defer_effect(&mut self, callback: Box<dyn FnOnce(&mut Self) + 'static>) {
 664        callback(self);
 665    }
 666
 667    /// Creates an `AsyncAppContext`, which can be cloned and has a static lifetime
 668    /// so it can be held across `await` points.
 669    pub fn to_async(&self) -> AsyncAppContext {
 670        AsyncAppContext {
 671            app: unsafe { mem::transmute(self.this.clone()) },
 672            background_executor: self.background_executor.clone(),
 673            foreground_executor: self.foreground_executor.clone(),
 674        }
 675    }
 676
 677    /// Obtains a reference to the executor, which can be used to spawn futures.
 678    pub fn background_executor(&self) -> &BackgroundExecutor {
 679        &self.background_executor
 680    }
 681
 682    /// Obtains a reference to the executor, which can be used to spawn futures.
 683    pub fn foreground_executor(&self) -> &ForegroundExecutor {
 684        &self.foreground_executor
 685    }
 686
 687    /// Spawns the future returned by the given function on the thread pool. The closure will be invoked
 688    /// with AsyncAppContext, which allows the application state to be accessed across await points.
 689    pub fn spawn<Fut, R>(&self, f: impl FnOnce(AsyncAppContext) -> Fut) -> Task<R>
 690    where
 691        Fut: Future<Output = R> + 'static,
 692        R: 'static,
 693    {
 694        self.foreground_executor.spawn(f(self.to_async()))
 695    }
 696
 697    /// Schedules the given function to be run at the end of the current effect cycle, allowing entities
 698    /// that are currently on the stack to be returned to the app.
 699    pub fn defer(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut AppContext) + 'static) {
 700        self.push_effect(Effect::Defer {
 701            callback: Box::new(f),
 702        });
 703    }
 704
 705    /// Accessor for the application's asset source, which is provided when constructing the `App`.
 706    pub fn asset_source(&self) -> &Arc<dyn AssetSource> {
 707        &self.asset_source
 708    }
 709
 710    /// Accessor for the text system.
 711    pub fn text_system(&self) -> &Arc<TextSystem> {
 712        &self.text_system
 713    }
 714
 715    /// The current text style. Which is composed of all the style refinements provided to `with_text_style`.
 716    pub fn text_style(&self) -> TextStyle {
 717        let mut style = TextStyle::default();
 718        for refinement in &self.text_style_stack {
 719            style.refine(refinement);
 720        }
 721        style
 722    }
 723
 724    /// Check whether a global of the given type has been assigned.
 725    pub fn has_global<G: 'static>(&self) -> bool {
 726        self.globals_by_type.contains_key(&TypeId::of::<G>())
 727    }
 728
 729    /// Access the global of the given type. Panics if a global for that type has not been assigned.
 730    #[track_caller]
 731    pub fn global<G: 'static>(&self) -> &G {
 732        self.globals_by_type
 733            .get(&TypeId::of::<G>())
 734            .map(|any_state| any_state.downcast_ref::<G>().unwrap())
 735            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("no state of type {} exists", type_name::<G>()))
 736            .unwrap()
 737    }
 738
 739    /// Access the global of the given type if a value has been assigned.
 740    pub fn try_global<G: 'static>(&self) -> Option<&G> {
 741        self.globals_by_type
 742            .get(&TypeId::of::<G>())
 743            .map(|any_state| any_state.downcast_ref::<G>().unwrap())
 744    }
 745
 746    /// Access the global of the given type mutably. Panics if a global for that type has not been assigned.
 747    #[track_caller]
 748    pub fn global_mut<G: 'static>(&mut self) -> &mut G {
 749        let global_type = TypeId::of::<G>();
 750        self.push_effect(Effect::NotifyGlobalObservers { global_type });
 751        self.globals_by_type
 752            .get_mut(&global_type)
 753            .and_then(|any_state| any_state.downcast_mut::<G>())
 754            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("no state of type {} exists", type_name::<G>()))
 755            .unwrap()
 756    }
 757
 758    /// Access the global of the given type mutably. A default value is assigned if a global of this type has not
 759    /// yet been assigned.
 760    pub fn default_global<G: 'static + Default>(&mut self) -> &mut G {
 761        let global_type = TypeId::of::<G>();
 762        self.push_effect(Effect::NotifyGlobalObservers { global_type });
 763        self.globals_by_type
 764            .entry(global_type)
 765            .or_insert_with(|| Box::new(G::default()))
 766            .downcast_mut::<G>()
 767            .unwrap()
 768    }
 769
 770    /// Set the value of the global of the given type.
 771    pub fn set_global<G: Any>(&mut self, global: G) {
 772        let global_type = TypeId::of::<G>();
 773        self.push_effect(Effect::NotifyGlobalObservers { global_type });
 774        self.globals_by_type.insert(global_type, Box::new(global));
 775    }
 776
 777    /// Clear all stored globals. Does not notify global observers.
 778    #[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-support"))]
 779    pub fn clear_globals(&mut self) {
 780        self.globals_by_type.drain();
 781    }
 782
 783    /// Remove the global of the given type from the app context. Does not notify global observers.
 784    #[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-support"))]
 785    pub fn remove_global<G: Any>(&mut self) -> G {
 786        let global_type = TypeId::of::<G>();
 787        *self
 788            .globals_by_type
 789            .remove(&global_type)
 790            .unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("no global added for {}", std::any::type_name::<G>()))
 791            .downcast()
 792            .unwrap()
 793    }
 794
 795    /// Update the global of the given type with a closure. Unlike `global_mut`, this method provides
 796    /// your closure with mutable access to the `AppContext` and the global simultaneously.
 797    pub fn update_global<G: 'static, R>(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut G, &mut Self) -> R) -> R {
 798        let mut global = self.lease_global::<G>();
 799        let result = f(&mut global, self);
 800        self.end_global_lease(global);
 801        result
 802    }
 803
 804    /// Register a callback to be invoked when a global of the given type is updated.
 805    pub fn observe_global<G: 'static>(
 806        &mut self,
 807        mut f: impl FnMut(&mut Self) + 'static,
 808    ) -> Subscription {
 809        self.global_observers.insert(
 810            TypeId::of::<G>(),
 811            Box::new(move |cx| {
 812                f(cx);
 813                true
 814            }),
 815        )
 816    }
 817
 818    /// Move the global of the given type to the stack.
 819    pub(crate) fn lease_global<G: 'static>(&mut self) -> GlobalLease<G> {
 820        GlobalLease::new(
 821            self.globals_by_type
 822                .remove(&TypeId::of::<G>())
 823                .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("no global registered of type {}", type_name::<G>()))
 824                .unwrap(),
 825        )
 826    }
 827
 828    /// Restore the global of the given type after it is moved to the stack.
 829    pub(crate) fn end_global_lease<G: 'static>(&mut self, lease: GlobalLease<G>) {
 830        let global_type = TypeId::of::<G>();
 831        self.push_effect(Effect::NotifyGlobalObservers { global_type });
 832        self.globals_by_type.insert(global_type, lease.global);
 833    }
 834
 835    pub fn observe_new_views<V: 'static>(
 836        &mut self,
 837        on_new: impl 'static + Fn(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>),
 838    ) -> Subscription {
 839        self.new_view_observers.insert(
 840            TypeId::of::<V>(),
 841            Box::new(move |any_view: AnyView, cx: &mut WindowContext| {
 842                any_view
 843                    .downcast::<V>()
 844                    .unwrap()
 845                    .update(cx, |view_state, cx| {
 846                        on_new(view_state, cx);
 847                    })
 848            }),
 849        )
 850    }
 851
 852    pub fn observe_release<E, T>(
 853        &mut self,
 854        handle: &E,
 855        on_release: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut AppContext) + 'static,
 856    ) -> Subscription
 857    where
 858        E: Entity<T>,
 859        T: 'static,
 860    {
 861        self.release_listeners.insert(
 862            handle.entity_id(),
 863            Box::new(move |entity, cx| {
 864                let entity = entity.downcast_mut().expect("invalid entity type");
 865                on_release(entity, cx)
 866            }),
 867        )
 868    }
 869
 870    pub(crate) fn push_text_style(&mut self, text_style: TextStyleRefinement) {
 871        self.text_style_stack.push(text_style);
 872    }
 873
 874    pub(crate) fn pop_text_style(&mut self) {
 875        self.text_style_stack.pop();
 876    }
 877
 878    /// Register key bindings.
 879    pub fn bind_keys(&mut self, bindings: impl IntoIterator<Item = KeyBinding>) {
 880        self.keymap.lock().add_bindings(bindings);
 881        self.pending_effects.push_back(Effect::Refresh);
 882    }
 883
 884    /// Register a global listener for actions invoked via the keyboard.
 885    pub fn on_action<A: Action>(&mut self, listener: impl Fn(&A, &mut Self) + 'static) {
 886        self.global_action_listeners
 887            .entry(TypeId::of::<A>())
 888            .or_default()
 889            .push(Box::new(move |action, phase, cx| {
 890                if phase == DispatchPhase::Bubble {
 891                    let action = action.as_any().downcast_ref().unwrap();
 892                    listener(action, cx)
 893                }
 894            }));
 895    }
 896
 897    /// Event handlers propagate events by default. Call this method to stop dispatching to
 898    /// event handlers with a lower z-index (mouse) or higher in the tree (keyboard). This is
 899    /// the opposite of [propagate]. It's also possible to cancel a call to [propagate] by
 900    /// calling this method before effects are flushed.
 901    pub fn stop_propagation(&mut self) {
 902        self.propagate_event = false;
 903    }
 904
 905    /// Action handlers stop propagation by default during the bubble phase of action dispatch
 906    /// dispatching to action handlers higher in the element tree. This is the opposite of
 907    /// [stop_propagation]. It's also possible to cancel a call to [stop_propagate] by calling
 908    /// this method before effects are flushed.
 909    pub fn propagate(&mut self) {
 910        self.propagate_event = true;
 911    }
 912}
 913
 914impl Context for AppContext {
 915    type Result<T> = T;
 916
 917    /// Build an entity that is owned by the application. The given function will be invoked with
 918    /// a `ModelContext` and must return an object representing the entity. A `Model` will be returned
 919    /// which can be used to access the entity in a context.
 920    fn build_model<T: 'static>(
 921        &mut self,
 922        build_model: impl FnOnce(&mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> T,
 923    ) -> Model<T> {
 924        self.update(|cx| {
 925            let slot = cx.entities.reserve();
 926            let entity = build_model(&mut ModelContext::new(cx, slot.downgrade()));
 927            cx.entities.insert(slot, entity)
 928        })
 929    }
 930
 931    /// Update the entity referenced by the given model. The function is passed a mutable reference to the
 932    /// entity along with a `ModelContext` for the entity.
 933    fn update_model<T: 'static, R>(
 934        &mut self,
 935        model: &Model<T>,
 936        update: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> R,
 937    ) -> R {
 938        self.update(|cx| {
 939            let mut entity = cx.entities.lease(model);
 940            let result = update(&mut entity, &mut ModelContext::new(cx, model.downgrade()));
 941            cx.entities.end_lease(entity);
 942            result
 943        })
 944    }
 945
 946    fn update_window<T, F>(&mut self, handle: AnyWindowHandle, update: F) -> Result<T>
 947    where
 948        F: FnOnce(AnyView, &mut WindowContext<'_>) -> T,
 949    {
 950        self.update(|cx| {
 951            let mut window = cx
 952                .windows
 953                .get_mut(handle.id)
 954                .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("window not found"))?
 955                .take()
 956                .unwrap();
 957
 958            let root_view = window.root_view.clone().unwrap();
 959            let result = update(root_view, &mut WindowContext::new(cx, &mut window));
 960
 961            if !window.removed {
 962                cx.windows
 963                    .get_mut(handle.id)
 964                    .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("window not found"))?
 965                    .replace(window);
 966            }
 967
 968            Ok(result)
 969        })
 970    }
 971
 972    fn read_model<T, R>(
 973        &self,
 974        handle: &Model<T>,
 975        read: impl FnOnce(&T, &AppContext) -> R,
 976    ) -> Self::Result<R>
 977    where
 978        T: 'static,
 979    {
 980        let entity = self.entities.read(handle);
 981        read(entity, self)
 982    }
 983}
 984
 985/// These effects are processed at the end of each application update cycle.
 986pub(crate) enum Effect {
 987    Notify {
 988        emitter: EntityId,
 989    },
 990    Emit {
 991        emitter: EntityId,
 992        event: Box<dyn Any>,
 993    },
 994    FocusChanged {
 995        window_handle: AnyWindowHandle,
 996        focused: Option<FocusId>,
 997    },
 998    Refresh,
 999    NotifyGlobalObservers {
1000        global_type: TypeId,
1001    },
1002    Defer {
1003        callback: Box<dyn FnOnce(&mut AppContext) + 'static>,
1004    },
1005}
1006
1007/// Wraps a global variable value during `update_global` while the value has been moved to the stack.
1008pub(crate) struct GlobalLease<G: 'static> {
1009    global: AnyBox,
1010    global_type: PhantomData<G>,
1011}
1012
1013impl<G: 'static> GlobalLease<G> {
1014    fn new(global: AnyBox) -> Self {
1015        GlobalLease {
1016            global,
1017            global_type: PhantomData,
1018        }
1019    }
1020}
1021
1022impl<G: 'static> Deref for GlobalLease<G> {
1023    type Target = G;
1024
1025    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
1026        self.global.downcast_ref().unwrap()
1027    }
1028}
1029
1030impl<G: 'static> DerefMut for GlobalLease<G> {
1031    fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
1032        self.global.downcast_mut().unwrap()
1033    }
1034}
1035
1036/// Contains state associated with an active drag operation, started by dragging an element
1037/// within the window or by dragging into the app from the underlying platform.
1038pub(crate) struct AnyDrag {
1039    pub view: AnyView,
1040    pub cursor_offset: Point<Pixels>,
1041}
1042
1043#[derive(Clone)]
1044pub(crate) struct AnyTooltip {
1045    pub view: AnyView,
1046    pub cursor_offset: Point<Pixels>,
1047}