util.rs

   1pub mod arc_cow;
   2pub mod archive;
   3pub mod command;
   4pub mod fs;
   5pub mod markdown;
   6pub mod paths;
   7pub mod redact;
   8pub mod schemars;
   9pub mod serde;
  10pub mod shell_env;
  11pub mod size;
  12#[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-support"))]
  13pub mod test;
  14pub mod time;
  15
  16use anyhow::Result;
  17use futures::Future;
  18use itertools::Either;
  19use regex::Regex;
  20use std::sync::{LazyLock, OnceLock};
  21use std::{
  22    borrow::Cow,
  23    cmp::{self, Ordering},
  24    env,
  25    ops::{AddAssign, Range, RangeInclusive},
  26    panic::Location,
  27    pin::Pin,
  28    task::{Context, Poll},
  29    time::Instant,
  30};
  31use unicase::UniCase;
  32
  33pub use take_until::*;
  34pub use util_macros::FieldAccessByEnum;
  35#[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-support"))]
  36pub use util_macros::{line_endings, path, uri};
  37
  38// todo! dedupe docs
  39
  40/// Trait for types that can access their fields via an enum.
  41///
  42/// This trait provides a way to dynamically access and modify fields of a struct
  43/// using an enum that represents the field names. It's particularly useful for
  44/// implementing generic field access patterns, such as theme color management
  45/// or configuration field manipulation.
  46///
  47/// # Example
  48///
  49/// ```rust
  50/// use util::FieldAccessByEnum;
  51///
  52/// #[derive(util_macros::FieldAccessByEnum)]
  53/// #[field_access_by_enum(enum_name = "ColorField", field_type = "String")]
  54/// struct Theme {
  55///     background: String,
  56///     foreground: String,
  57///     border: String,
  58/// }
  59///
  60/// let mut theme = Theme {
  61///     background: "white".to_string(),
  62///     foreground: "black".to_string(),
  63///     border: "gray".to_string(),
  64/// };
  65///
  66/// // Access field via enum
  67/// let bg = theme.get(ColorField::Background);
  68/// theme.set(ColorField::Foreground, "blue".to_string());
  69/// ```
  70pub trait FieldAccessByEnum {
  71    /// The enum type representing the available fields
  72    type Field;
  73    /// The type of values stored in the fields
  74    type FieldValue;
  75
  76    /// Get a reference to the value of the specified field
  77    fn get_field_by_enum(&self, field: Self::Field) -> &Self::FieldValue;
  78    /// Set the value of the specified field
  79    fn set_field_by_enum(&mut self, field: Self::Field, value: Self::FieldValue);
  80}
  81
  82#[macro_export]
  83macro_rules! debug_panic {
  84    ( $($fmt_arg:tt)* ) => {
  85        if cfg!(debug_assertions) {
  86            panic!( $($fmt_arg)* );
  87        } else {
  88            let backtrace = std::backtrace::Backtrace::capture();
  89            log::error!("{}\n{:?}", format_args!($($fmt_arg)*), backtrace);
  90        }
  91    };
  92}
  93
  94pub fn truncate(s: &str, max_chars: usize) -> &str {
  95    match s.char_indices().nth(max_chars) {
  96        None => s,
  97        Some((idx, _)) => &s[..idx],
  98    }
  99}
 100
 101/// Removes characters from the end of the string if its length is greater than `max_chars` and
 102/// appends "..." to the string. Returns string unchanged if its length is smaller than max_chars.
 103pub fn truncate_and_trailoff(s: &str, max_chars: usize) -> String {
 104    debug_assert!(max_chars >= 5);
 105
 106    // If the string's byte length is <= max_chars, walking the string can be skipped since the
 107    // number of chars is <= the number of bytes.
 108    if s.len() <= max_chars {
 109        return s.to_string();
 110    }
 111    let truncation_ix = s.char_indices().map(|(i, _)| i).nth(max_chars);
 112    match truncation_ix {
 113        Some(index) => s[..index].to_string() + "…",
 114        _ => s.to_string(),
 115    }
 116}
 117
 118/// Removes characters from the front of the string if its length is greater than `max_chars` and
 119/// prepends the string with "...". Returns string unchanged if its length is smaller than max_chars.
 120pub fn truncate_and_remove_front(s: &str, max_chars: usize) -> String {
 121    debug_assert!(max_chars >= 5);
 122
 123    // If the string's byte length is <= max_chars, walking the string can be skipped since the
 124    // number of chars is <= the number of bytes.
 125    if s.len() <= max_chars {
 126        return s.to_string();
 127    }
 128    let suffix_char_length = max_chars.saturating_sub(1);
 129    let truncation_ix = s
 130        .char_indices()
 131        .map(|(i, _)| i)
 132        .nth_back(suffix_char_length);
 133    match truncation_ix {
 134        Some(index) if index > 0 => "…".to_string() + &s[index..],
 135        _ => s.to_string(),
 136    }
 137}
 138
 139/// Takes only `max_lines` from the string and, if there were more than `max_lines-1`, appends a
 140/// a newline and "..." to the string, so that `max_lines` are returned.
 141/// Returns string unchanged if its length is smaller than max_lines.
 142pub fn truncate_lines_and_trailoff(s: &str, max_lines: usize) -> String {
 143    let mut lines = s.lines().take(max_lines).collect::<Vec<_>>();
 144    if lines.len() > max_lines - 1 {
 145        lines.pop();
 146        lines.join("\n") + "\n…"
 147    } else {
 148        lines.join("\n")
 149    }
 150}
 151
 152/// Truncates the string at a character boundary, such that the result is less than `max_bytes` in
 153/// length.
 154pub fn truncate_to_byte_limit(s: &str, max_bytes: usize) -> &str {
 155    if s.len() < max_bytes {
 156        return s;
 157    }
 158
 159    for i in (0..max_bytes).rev() {
 160        if s.is_char_boundary(i) {
 161            return &s[..i];
 162        }
 163    }
 164
 165    ""
 166}
 167
 168/// Takes a prefix of complete lines which fit within the byte limit. If the first line is longer
 169/// than the limit, truncates at a character boundary.
 170pub fn truncate_lines_to_byte_limit(s: &str, max_bytes: usize) -> &str {
 171    if s.len() < max_bytes {
 172        return s;
 173    }
 174
 175    for i in (0..max_bytes).rev() {
 176        if s.is_char_boundary(i) && s.as_bytes()[i] == b'\n' {
 177            // Since the i-th character is \n, valid to slice at i + 1.
 178            return &s[..i + 1];
 179        }
 180    }
 181
 182    truncate_to_byte_limit(s, max_bytes)
 183}
 184
 185#[test]
 186fn test_truncate_lines_to_byte_limit() {
 187    let text = "Line 1\nLine 2\nLine 3\nLine 4";
 188
 189    // Limit that includes all lines
 190    assert_eq!(truncate_lines_to_byte_limit(text, 100), text);
 191
 192    // Exactly the first line
 193    assert_eq!(truncate_lines_to_byte_limit(text, 7), "Line 1\n");
 194
 195    // Limit between lines
 196    assert_eq!(truncate_lines_to_byte_limit(text, 13), "Line 1\n");
 197    assert_eq!(truncate_lines_to_byte_limit(text, 20), "Line 1\nLine 2\n");
 198
 199    // Limit before first newline
 200    assert_eq!(truncate_lines_to_byte_limit(text, 6), "Line ");
 201
 202    // Test with non-ASCII characters
 203    let text_utf8 = "Line 1\nLΓ­ne 2\nLine 3";
 204    assert_eq!(
 205        truncate_lines_to_byte_limit(text_utf8, 15),
 206        "Line 1\nLΓ­ne 2\n"
 207    );
 208}
 209
 210pub fn post_inc<T: From<u8> + AddAssign<T> + Copy>(value: &mut T) -> T {
 211    let prev = *value;
 212    *value += T::from(1);
 213    prev
 214}
 215
 216/// Extend a sorted vector with a sorted sequence of items, maintaining the vector's sort order and
 217/// enforcing a maximum length. This also de-duplicates items. Sort the items according to the given callback. Before calling this,
 218/// both `vec` and `new_items` should already be sorted according to the `cmp` comparator.
 219pub fn extend_sorted<T, I, F>(vec: &mut Vec<T>, new_items: I, limit: usize, mut cmp: F)
 220where
 221    I: IntoIterator<Item = T>,
 222    F: FnMut(&T, &T) -> Ordering,
 223{
 224    let mut start_index = 0;
 225    for new_item in new_items {
 226        if let Err(i) = vec[start_index..].binary_search_by(|m| cmp(m, &new_item)) {
 227            let index = start_index + i;
 228            if vec.len() < limit {
 229                vec.insert(index, new_item);
 230            } else if index < vec.len() {
 231                vec.pop();
 232                vec.insert(index, new_item);
 233            }
 234            start_index = index;
 235        }
 236    }
 237}
 238
 239pub fn truncate_to_bottom_n_sorted_by<T, F>(items: &mut Vec<T>, limit: usize, compare: &F)
 240where
 241    F: Fn(&T, &T) -> Ordering,
 242{
 243    if limit == 0 {
 244        items.truncate(0);
 245    }
 246    if items.len() <= limit {
 247        items.sort_by(compare);
 248        return;
 249    }
 250    // When limit is near to items.len() it may be more efficient to sort the whole list and
 251    // truncate, rather than always doing selection first as is done below. It's hard to analyze
 252    // where the threshold for this should be since the quickselect style algorithm used by
 253    // `select_nth_unstable_by` makes the prefix partially sorted, and so its work is not wasted -
 254    // the expected number of comparisons needed by `sort_by` is less than it is for some arbitrary
 255    // unsorted input.
 256    items.select_nth_unstable_by(limit, compare);
 257    items.truncate(limit);
 258    items.sort_by(compare);
 259}
 260
 261/// Prevents execution of the application with root privileges on Unix systems.
 262///
 263/// This function checks if the current process is running with root privileges
 264/// and terminates the program with an error message unless explicitly allowed via the
 265/// `ZED_ALLOW_ROOT` environment variable.
 266#[cfg(unix)]
 267pub fn prevent_root_execution() {
 268    let is_root = nix::unistd::geteuid().is_root();
 269    let allow_root = std::env::var("ZED_ALLOW_ROOT").is_ok_and(|val| val == "true");
 270
 271    if is_root && !allow_root {
 272        eprintln!(
 273            "\
 274Error: Running Zed as root or via sudo is unsupported.
 275       Doing so (even once) may subtly break things for all subsequent non-root usage of Zed.
 276       It is untested and not recommended, don't complain when things break.
 277       If you wish to proceed anyways, set `ZED_ALLOW_ROOT=true` in your environment."
 278        );
 279        std::process::exit(1);
 280    }
 281}
 282
 283#[cfg(unix)]
 284fn load_shell_from_passwd() -> Result<()> {
 285    let buflen = match unsafe { libc::sysconf(libc::_SC_GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX) } {
 286        n if n < 0 => 1024,
 287        n => n as usize,
 288    };
 289    let mut buffer = Vec::with_capacity(buflen);
 290
 291    let mut pwd: std::mem::MaybeUninit<libc::passwd> = std::mem::MaybeUninit::uninit();
 292    let mut result: *mut libc::passwd = std::ptr::null_mut();
 293
 294    let uid = unsafe { libc::getuid() };
 295    let status = unsafe {
 296        libc::getpwuid_r(
 297            uid,
 298            pwd.as_mut_ptr(),
 299            buffer.as_mut_ptr() as *mut libc::c_char,
 300            buflen,
 301            &mut result,
 302        )
 303    };
 304    anyhow::ensure!(!result.is_null(), "passwd entry for uid {} not found", uid);
 305
 306    // SAFETY: If `getpwuid_r` doesn't error, we have the entry here.
 307    let entry = unsafe { pwd.assume_init() };
 308
 309    anyhow::ensure!(
 310        status == 0,
 311        "call to getpwuid_r failed. uid: {}, status: {}",
 312        uid,
 313        status
 314    );
 315    anyhow::ensure!(
 316        entry.pw_uid == uid,
 317        "passwd entry has different uid ({}) than getuid ({}) returned",
 318        entry.pw_uid,
 319        uid,
 320    );
 321
 322    let shell = unsafe { std::ffi::CStr::from_ptr(entry.pw_shell).to_str().unwrap() };
 323    if env::var("SHELL").map_or(true, |shell_env| shell_env != shell) {
 324        log::info!(
 325            "updating SHELL environment variable to value from passwd entry: {:?}",
 326            shell,
 327        );
 328        unsafe { env::set_var("SHELL", shell) };
 329    }
 330
 331    Ok(())
 332}
 333
 334#[cfg(unix)]
 335/// Returns a shell escaped path for the current zed executable
 336pub fn get_shell_safe_zed_path() -> anyhow::Result<String> {
 337    use anyhow::Context;
 338
 339    let zed_path = std::env::current_exe()
 340        .context("Failed to determine current zed executable path.")?
 341        .to_string_lossy()
 342        .trim_end_matches(" (deleted)") // see https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/69343
 343        .to_string();
 344
 345    // As of writing, this can only be fail if the path contains a null byte, which shouldn't be possible
 346    // but shlex has annotated the error as #[non_exhaustive] so we can't make it a compile error if other
 347    // errors are introduced in the future :(
 348    let zed_path_escaped =
 349        shlex::try_quote(&zed_path).context("Failed to shell-escape Zed executable path.")?;
 350
 351    Ok(zed_path_escaped.to_string())
 352}
 353
 354#[cfg(unix)]
 355pub fn load_login_shell_environment() -> Result<()> {
 356    load_shell_from_passwd().log_err();
 357
 358    // If possible, we want to `cd` in the user's `$HOME` to trigger programs
 359    // such as direnv, asdf, mise, ... to adjust the PATH. These tools often hook
 360    // into shell's `cd` command (and hooks) to manipulate env.
 361    // We do this so that we get the env a user would have when spawning a shell
 362    // in home directory.
 363    for (name, value) in shell_env::capture(paths::home_dir())? {
 364        unsafe { env::set_var(&name, &value) };
 365    }
 366
 367    log::info!(
 368        "set environment variables from shell:{}, path:{}",
 369        std::env::var("SHELL").unwrap_or_default(),
 370        std::env::var("PATH").unwrap_or_default(),
 371    );
 372
 373    Ok(())
 374}
 375
 376/// Configures the process to start a new session, to prevent interactive shells from taking control
 377/// of the terminal.
 378///
 379/// For more details: <https://registerspill.thorstenball.com/p/how-to-lose-control-of-your-shell>
 380pub fn set_pre_exec_to_start_new_session(
 381    command: &mut std::process::Command,
 382) -> &mut std::process::Command {
 383    // safety: code in pre_exec should be signal safe.
 384    // https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man7/signal-safety.7.html
 385    #[cfg(not(target_os = "windows"))]
 386    unsafe {
 387        use std::os::unix::process::CommandExt;
 388        command.pre_exec(|| {
 389            libc::setsid();
 390            Ok(())
 391        });
 392    };
 393    command
 394}
 395
 396pub fn merge_json_lenient_value_into(
 397    source: serde_json_lenient::Value,
 398    target: &mut serde_json_lenient::Value,
 399) {
 400    match (source, target) {
 401        (serde_json_lenient::Value::Object(source), serde_json_lenient::Value::Object(target)) => {
 402            for (key, value) in source {
 403                if let Some(target) = target.get_mut(&key) {
 404                    merge_json_lenient_value_into(value, target);
 405                } else {
 406                    target.insert(key, value);
 407                }
 408            }
 409        }
 410
 411        (serde_json_lenient::Value::Array(source), serde_json_lenient::Value::Array(target)) => {
 412            for value in source {
 413                target.push(value);
 414            }
 415        }
 416
 417        (source, target) => *target = source,
 418    }
 419}
 420
 421pub fn merge_json_value_into(source: serde_json::Value, target: &mut serde_json::Value) {
 422    use serde_json::Value;
 423
 424    match (source, target) {
 425        (Value::Object(source), Value::Object(target)) => {
 426            for (key, value) in source {
 427                if let Some(target) = target.get_mut(&key) {
 428                    merge_json_value_into(value, target);
 429                } else {
 430                    target.insert(key, value);
 431                }
 432            }
 433        }
 434
 435        (Value::Array(source), Value::Array(target)) => {
 436            for value in source {
 437                target.push(value);
 438            }
 439        }
 440
 441        (source, target) => *target = source,
 442    }
 443}
 444
 445pub fn merge_non_null_json_value_into(source: serde_json::Value, target: &mut serde_json::Value) {
 446    use serde_json::Value;
 447    if let Value::Object(source_object) = source {
 448        let target_object = if let Value::Object(target) = target {
 449            target
 450        } else {
 451            *target = Value::Object(Default::default());
 452            target.as_object_mut().unwrap()
 453        };
 454        for (key, value) in source_object {
 455            if let Some(target) = target_object.get_mut(&key) {
 456                merge_non_null_json_value_into(value, target);
 457            } else if !value.is_null() {
 458                target_object.insert(key, value);
 459            }
 460        }
 461    } else if !source.is_null() {
 462        *target = source
 463    }
 464}
 465
 466pub fn measure<R>(label: &str, f: impl FnOnce() -> R) -> R {
 467    static ZED_MEASUREMENTS: OnceLock<bool> = OnceLock::new();
 468    let zed_measurements = ZED_MEASUREMENTS.get_or_init(|| {
 469        env::var("ZED_MEASUREMENTS")
 470            .map(|measurements| measurements == "1" || measurements == "true")
 471            .unwrap_or(false)
 472    });
 473
 474    if *zed_measurements {
 475        let start = Instant::now();
 476        let result = f();
 477        let elapsed = start.elapsed();
 478        eprintln!("{}: {:?}", label, elapsed);
 479        result
 480    } else {
 481        f()
 482    }
 483}
 484
 485pub fn expanded_and_wrapped_usize_range(
 486    range: Range<usize>,
 487    additional_before: usize,
 488    additional_after: usize,
 489    wrap_length: usize,
 490) -> impl Iterator<Item = usize> {
 491    let start_wraps = range.start < additional_before;
 492    let end_wraps = wrap_length < range.end + additional_after;
 493    if start_wraps && end_wraps {
 494        Either::Left(0..wrap_length)
 495    } else if start_wraps {
 496        let wrapped_start = (range.start + wrap_length).saturating_sub(additional_before);
 497        if wrapped_start <= range.end {
 498            Either::Left(0..wrap_length)
 499        } else {
 500            Either::Right((0..range.end + additional_after).chain(wrapped_start..wrap_length))
 501        }
 502    } else if end_wraps {
 503        let wrapped_end = range.end + additional_after - wrap_length;
 504        if range.start <= wrapped_end {
 505            Either::Left(0..wrap_length)
 506        } else {
 507            Either::Right((0..wrapped_end).chain(range.start - additional_before..wrap_length))
 508        }
 509    } else {
 510        Either::Left((range.start - additional_before)..(range.end + additional_after))
 511    }
 512}
 513
 514/// Yields `[i, i + 1, i - 1, i + 2, ..]`, each modulo `wrap_length` and bounded by
 515/// `additional_before` and `additional_after`. If the wrapping causes overlap, duplicates are not
 516/// emitted. If wrap_length is 0, nothing is yielded.
 517pub fn wrapped_usize_outward_from(
 518    start: usize,
 519    additional_before: usize,
 520    additional_after: usize,
 521    wrap_length: usize,
 522) -> impl Iterator<Item = usize> {
 523    let mut count = 0;
 524    let mut after_offset = 1;
 525    let mut before_offset = 1;
 526
 527    std::iter::from_fn(move || {
 528        count += 1;
 529        if count > wrap_length {
 530            None
 531        } else if count == 1 {
 532            Some(start % wrap_length)
 533        } else if after_offset <= additional_after && after_offset <= before_offset {
 534            let value = (start + after_offset) % wrap_length;
 535            after_offset += 1;
 536            Some(value)
 537        } else if before_offset <= additional_before {
 538            let value = (start + wrap_length - before_offset) % wrap_length;
 539            before_offset += 1;
 540            Some(value)
 541        } else if after_offset <= additional_after {
 542            let value = (start + after_offset) % wrap_length;
 543            after_offset += 1;
 544            Some(value)
 545        } else {
 546            None
 547        }
 548    })
 549}
 550
 551#[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
 552pub fn get_windows_system_shell() -> String {
 553    use std::path::PathBuf;
 554
 555    fn find_pwsh_in_programfiles(find_alternate: bool, find_preview: bool) -> Option<PathBuf> {
 556        #[cfg(target_pointer_width = "64")]
 557        let env_var = if find_alternate {
 558            "ProgramFiles(x86)"
 559        } else {
 560            "ProgramFiles"
 561        };
 562
 563        #[cfg(target_pointer_width = "32")]
 564        let env_var = if find_alternate {
 565            "ProgramW6432"
 566        } else {
 567            "ProgramFiles"
 568        };
 569
 570        let install_base_dir = PathBuf::from(std::env::var_os(env_var)?).join("PowerShell");
 571        install_base_dir
 572            .read_dir()
 573            .ok()?
 574            .filter_map(Result::ok)
 575            .filter(|entry| matches!(entry.file_type(), Ok(ft) if ft.is_dir()))
 576            .filter_map(|entry| {
 577                let dir_name = entry.file_name();
 578                let dir_name = dir_name.to_string_lossy();
 579
 580                let version = if find_preview {
 581                    let dash_index = dir_name.find('-')?;
 582                    if &dir_name[dash_index + 1..] != "preview" {
 583                        return None;
 584                    };
 585                    dir_name[..dash_index].parse::<u32>().ok()?
 586                } else {
 587                    dir_name.parse::<u32>().ok()?
 588                };
 589
 590                let exe_path = entry.path().join("pwsh.exe");
 591                if exe_path.exists() {
 592                    Some((version, exe_path))
 593                } else {
 594                    None
 595                }
 596            })
 597            .max_by_key(|(version, _)| *version)
 598            .map(|(_, path)| path)
 599    }
 600
 601    fn find_pwsh_in_msix(find_preview: bool) -> Option<PathBuf> {
 602        let msix_app_dir =
 603            PathBuf::from(std::env::var_os("LOCALAPPDATA")?).join("Microsoft\\WindowsApps");
 604        if !msix_app_dir.exists() {
 605            return None;
 606        }
 607
 608        let prefix = if find_preview {
 609            "Microsoft.PowerShellPreview_"
 610        } else {
 611            "Microsoft.PowerShell_"
 612        };
 613        msix_app_dir
 614            .read_dir()
 615            .ok()?
 616            .filter_map(|entry| {
 617                let entry = entry.ok()?;
 618                if !matches!(entry.file_type(), Ok(ft) if ft.is_dir()) {
 619                    return None;
 620                }
 621
 622                if !entry.file_name().to_string_lossy().starts_with(prefix) {
 623                    return None;
 624                }
 625
 626                let exe_path = entry.path().join("pwsh.exe");
 627                exe_path.exists().then_some(exe_path)
 628            })
 629            .next()
 630    }
 631
 632    fn find_pwsh_in_scoop() -> Option<PathBuf> {
 633        let pwsh_exe =
 634            PathBuf::from(std::env::var_os("USERPROFILE")?).join("scoop\\shims\\pwsh.exe");
 635        pwsh_exe.exists().then_some(pwsh_exe)
 636    }
 637
 638    static SYSTEM_SHELL: LazyLock<String> = LazyLock::new(|| {
 639        find_pwsh_in_programfiles(false, false)
 640            .or_else(|| find_pwsh_in_programfiles(true, false))
 641            .or_else(|| find_pwsh_in_msix(false))
 642            .or_else(|| find_pwsh_in_programfiles(false, true))
 643            .or_else(|| find_pwsh_in_msix(true))
 644            .or_else(|| find_pwsh_in_programfiles(true, true))
 645            .or_else(find_pwsh_in_scoop)
 646            .map(|p| p.to_string_lossy().to_string())
 647            .unwrap_or("powershell.exe".to_string())
 648    });
 649
 650    (*SYSTEM_SHELL).clone()
 651}
 652
 653pub trait ResultExt<E> {
 654    type Ok;
 655
 656    fn log_err(self) -> Option<Self::Ok>;
 657    /// Assert that this result should never be an error in development or tests.
 658    fn debug_assert_ok(self, reason: &str) -> Self;
 659    fn warn_on_err(self) -> Option<Self::Ok>;
 660    fn log_with_level(self, level: log::Level) -> Option<Self::Ok>;
 661    fn anyhow(self) -> anyhow::Result<Self::Ok>
 662    where
 663        E: Into<anyhow::Error>;
 664}
 665
 666impl<T, E> ResultExt<E> for Result<T, E>
 667where
 668    E: std::fmt::Debug,
 669{
 670    type Ok = T;
 671
 672    #[track_caller]
 673    fn log_err(self) -> Option<T> {
 674        self.log_with_level(log::Level::Error)
 675    }
 676
 677    #[track_caller]
 678    fn debug_assert_ok(self, reason: &str) -> Self {
 679        if let Err(error) = &self {
 680            debug_panic!("{reason} - {error:?}");
 681        }
 682        self
 683    }
 684
 685    #[track_caller]
 686    fn warn_on_err(self) -> Option<T> {
 687        self.log_with_level(log::Level::Warn)
 688    }
 689
 690    #[track_caller]
 691    fn log_with_level(self, level: log::Level) -> Option<T> {
 692        match self {
 693            Ok(value) => Some(value),
 694            Err(error) => {
 695                log_error_with_caller(*Location::caller(), error, level);
 696                None
 697            }
 698        }
 699    }
 700
 701    fn anyhow(self) -> anyhow::Result<T>
 702    where
 703        E: Into<anyhow::Error>,
 704    {
 705        self.map_err(Into::into)
 706    }
 707}
 708
 709fn log_error_with_caller<E>(caller: core::panic::Location<'_>, error: E, level: log::Level)
 710where
 711    E: std::fmt::Debug,
 712{
 713    #[cfg(not(target_os = "windows"))]
 714    let file = caller.file();
 715    #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
 716    let file = caller.file().replace('\\', "/");
 717    // In this codebase all crates reside in a `crates` directory,
 718    // so discard the prefix up to that segment to find the crate name
 719    let target = file
 720        .split_once("crates/")
 721        .and_then(|(_, s)| s.split_once('/'))
 722        .map(|(p, _)| p);
 723
 724    log::logger().log(
 725        &log::Record::builder()
 726            .target(target.unwrap_or(""))
 727            .module_path(target)
 728            .args(format_args!("{:?}", error))
 729            .file(Some(caller.file()))
 730            .line(Some(caller.line()))
 731            .level(level)
 732            .build(),
 733    );
 734}
 735
 736pub fn log_err<E: std::fmt::Debug>(error: &E) {
 737    log_error_with_caller(*Location::caller(), error, log::Level::Warn);
 738}
 739
 740pub trait TryFutureExt {
 741    fn log_err(self) -> LogErrorFuture<Self>
 742    where
 743        Self: Sized;
 744
 745    fn log_tracked_err(self, location: core::panic::Location<'static>) -> LogErrorFuture<Self>
 746    where
 747        Self: Sized;
 748
 749    fn warn_on_err(self) -> LogErrorFuture<Self>
 750    where
 751        Self: Sized;
 752    fn unwrap(self) -> UnwrapFuture<Self>
 753    where
 754        Self: Sized;
 755}
 756
 757impl<F, T, E> TryFutureExt for F
 758where
 759    F: Future<Output = Result<T, E>>,
 760    E: std::fmt::Debug,
 761{
 762    #[track_caller]
 763    fn log_err(self) -> LogErrorFuture<Self>
 764    where
 765        Self: Sized,
 766    {
 767        let location = Location::caller();
 768        LogErrorFuture(self, log::Level::Error, *location)
 769    }
 770
 771    fn log_tracked_err(self, location: core::panic::Location<'static>) -> LogErrorFuture<Self>
 772    where
 773        Self: Sized,
 774    {
 775        LogErrorFuture(self, log::Level::Error, location)
 776    }
 777
 778    #[track_caller]
 779    fn warn_on_err(self) -> LogErrorFuture<Self>
 780    where
 781        Self: Sized,
 782    {
 783        let location = Location::caller();
 784        LogErrorFuture(self, log::Level::Warn, *location)
 785    }
 786
 787    fn unwrap(self) -> UnwrapFuture<Self>
 788    where
 789        Self: Sized,
 790    {
 791        UnwrapFuture(self)
 792    }
 793}
 794
 795#[must_use]
 796pub struct LogErrorFuture<F>(F, log::Level, core::panic::Location<'static>);
 797
 798impl<F, T, E> Future for LogErrorFuture<F>
 799where
 800    F: Future<Output = Result<T, E>>,
 801    E: std::fmt::Debug,
 802{
 803    type Output = Option<T>;
 804
 805    fn poll(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context) -> Poll<Self::Output> {
 806        let level = self.1;
 807        let location = self.2;
 808        let inner = unsafe { Pin::new_unchecked(&mut self.get_unchecked_mut().0) };
 809        match inner.poll(cx) {
 810            Poll::Ready(output) => Poll::Ready(match output {
 811                Ok(output) => Some(output),
 812                Err(error) => {
 813                    log_error_with_caller(location, error, level);
 814                    None
 815                }
 816            }),
 817            Poll::Pending => Poll::Pending,
 818        }
 819    }
 820}
 821
 822pub struct UnwrapFuture<F>(F);
 823
 824impl<F, T, E> Future for UnwrapFuture<F>
 825where
 826    F: Future<Output = Result<T, E>>,
 827    E: std::fmt::Debug,
 828{
 829    type Output = T;
 830
 831    fn poll(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context) -> Poll<Self::Output> {
 832        let inner = unsafe { Pin::new_unchecked(&mut self.get_unchecked_mut().0) };
 833        match inner.poll(cx) {
 834            Poll::Ready(result) => Poll::Ready(result.unwrap()),
 835            Poll::Pending => Poll::Pending,
 836        }
 837    }
 838}
 839
 840pub struct Deferred<F: FnOnce()>(Option<F>);
 841
 842impl<F: FnOnce()> Deferred<F> {
 843    /// Drop without running the deferred function.
 844    pub fn abort(mut self) {
 845        self.0.take();
 846    }
 847}
 848
 849impl<F: FnOnce()> Drop for Deferred<F> {
 850    fn drop(&mut self) {
 851        if let Some(f) = self.0.take() {
 852            f()
 853        }
 854    }
 855}
 856
 857/// Run the given function when the returned value is dropped (unless it's cancelled).
 858#[must_use]
 859pub fn defer<F: FnOnce()>(f: F) -> Deferred<F> {
 860    Deferred(Some(f))
 861}
 862
 863#[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-support"))]
 864mod rng {
 865    use rand::prelude::*;
 866
 867    pub struct RandomCharIter<T: Rng> {
 868        rng: T,
 869        simple_text: bool,
 870    }
 871
 872    impl<T: Rng> RandomCharIter<T> {
 873        pub fn new(rng: T) -> Self {
 874            Self {
 875                rng,
 876                simple_text: std::env::var("SIMPLE_TEXT").is_ok_and(|v| !v.is_empty()),
 877            }
 878        }
 879
 880        pub fn with_simple_text(mut self) -> Self {
 881            self.simple_text = true;
 882            self
 883        }
 884    }
 885
 886    impl<T: Rng> Iterator for RandomCharIter<T> {
 887        type Item = char;
 888
 889        fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
 890            if self.simple_text {
 891                return if self.rng.random_range(0..100) < 5 {
 892                    Some('\n')
 893                } else {
 894                    Some(self.rng.random_range(b'a'..b'z' + 1).into())
 895                };
 896            }
 897
 898            match self.rng.random_range(0..100) {
 899                // whitespace
 900                0..=19 => [' ', '\n', '\r', '\t'].choose(&mut self.rng).copied(),
 901                // two-byte greek letters
 902                20..=32 => char::from_u32(self.rng.random_range(('Ξ±' as u32)..('Ο‰' as u32 + 1))),
 903                // // three-byte characters
 904                33..=45 => ['βœ‹', 'βœ…', '❌', '❎', '⭐']
 905                    .choose(&mut self.rng)
 906                    .copied(),
 907                // // four-byte characters
 908                46..=58 => ['🍐', 'πŸ€', 'πŸ—', 'πŸŽ‰'].choose(&mut self.rng).copied(),
 909                // ascii letters
 910                _ => Some(self.rng.random_range(b'a'..b'z' + 1).into()),
 911            }
 912        }
 913    }
 914}
 915#[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-support"))]
 916pub use rng::RandomCharIter;
 917
 918/// Get an embedded file as a string.
 919pub fn asset_str<A: rust_embed::RustEmbed>(path: &str) -> Cow<'static, str> {
 920    match A::get(path).expect(path).data {
 921        Cow::Borrowed(bytes) => Cow::Borrowed(std::str::from_utf8(bytes).unwrap()),
 922        Cow::Owned(bytes) => Cow::Owned(String::from_utf8(bytes).unwrap()),
 923    }
 924}
 925
 926/// Expands to an immediately-invoked function expression. Good for using the ? operator
 927/// in functions which do not return an Option or Result.
 928///
 929/// Accepts a normal block, an async block, or an async move block.
 930#[macro_export]
 931macro_rules! maybe {
 932    ($block:block) => {
 933        (|| $block)()
 934    };
 935    (async $block:block) => {
 936        (async || $block)()
 937    };
 938    (async move $block:block) => {
 939        (async move || $block)()
 940    };
 941}
 942
 943pub trait RangeExt<T> {
 944    fn sorted(&self) -> Self;
 945    fn to_inclusive(&self) -> RangeInclusive<T>;
 946    fn overlaps(&self, other: &Range<T>) -> bool;
 947    fn contains_inclusive(&self, other: &Range<T>) -> bool;
 948}
 949
 950impl<T: Ord + Clone> RangeExt<T> for Range<T> {
 951    fn sorted(&self) -> Self {
 952        cmp::min(&self.start, &self.end).clone()..cmp::max(&self.start, &self.end).clone()
 953    }
 954
 955    fn to_inclusive(&self) -> RangeInclusive<T> {
 956        self.start.clone()..=self.end.clone()
 957    }
 958
 959    fn overlaps(&self, other: &Range<T>) -> bool {
 960        self.start < other.end && other.start < self.end
 961    }
 962
 963    fn contains_inclusive(&self, other: &Range<T>) -> bool {
 964        self.start <= other.start && other.end <= self.end
 965    }
 966}
 967
 968impl<T: Ord + Clone> RangeExt<T> for RangeInclusive<T> {
 969    fn sorted(&self) -> Self {
 970        cmp::min(self.start(), self.end()).clone()..=cmp::max(self.start(), self.end()).clone()
 971    }
 972
 973    fn to_inclusive(&self) -> RangeInclusive<T> {
 974        self.clone()
 975    }
 976
 977    fn overlaps(&self, other: &Range<T>) -> bool {
 978        self.start() < &other.end && &other.start <= self.end()
 979    }
 980
 981    fn contains_inclusive(&self, other: &Range<T>) -> bool {
 982        self.start() <= &other.start && &other.end <= self.end()
 983    }
 984}
 985
 986/// A way to sort strings with starting numbers numerically first, falling back to alphanumeric one,
 987/// case-insensitive.
 988///
 989/// This is useful for turning regular alphanumerically sorted sequences as `1-abc, 10, 11-def, .., 2, 21-abc`
 990/// into `1-abc, 2, 10, 11-def, .., 21-abc`
 991#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
 992pub struct NumericPrefixWithSuffix<'a>(Option<u64>, &'a str);
 993
 994impl<'a> NumericPrefixWithSuffix<'a> {
 995    pub fn from_numeric_prefixed_str(str: &'a str) -> Self {
 996        let i = str.chars().take_while(|c| c.is_ascii_digit()).count();
 997        let (prefix, remainder) = str.split_at(i);
 998
 999        let prefix = prefix.parse().ok();
1000        Self(prefix, remainder)
1001    }
1002}
1003
1004/// When dealing with equality, we need to consider the case of the strings to achieve strict equality
1005/// to handle cases like "a" < "A" instead of "a" == "A".
1006impl Ord for NumericPrefixWithSuffix<'_> {
1007    fn cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Ordering {
1008        match (self.0, other.0) {
1009            (None, None) => UniCase::new(self.1)
1010                .cmp(&UniCase::new(other.1))
1011                .then_with(|| self.1.cmp(other.1).reverse()),
1012            (None, Some(_)) => Ordering::Greater,
1013            (Some(_), None) => Ordering::Less,
1014            (Some(a), Some(b)) => a.cmp(&b).then_with(|| {
1015                UniCase::new(self.1)
1016                    .cmp(&UniCase::new(other.1))
1017                    .then_with(|| self.1.cmp(other.1).reverse())
1018            }),
1019        }
1020    }
1021}
1022
1023impl PartialOrd for NumericPrefixWithSuffix<'_> {
1024    fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Option<Ordering> {
1025        Some(self.cmp(other))
1026    }
1027}
1028
1029/// Capitalizes the first character of a string.
1030///
1031/// This function takes a string slice as input and returns a new `String` with the first character
1032/// capitalized.
1033///
1034/// # Examples
1035///
1036/// ```
1037/// use util::capitalize;
1038///
1039/// assert_eq!(capitalize("hello"), "Hello");
1040/// assert_eq!(capitalize("WORLD"), "WORLD");
1041/// assert_eq!(capitalize(""), "");
1042/// ```
1043pub fn capitalize(str: &str) -> String {
1044    let mut chars = str.chars();
1045    match chars.next() {
1046        None => String::new(),
1047        Some(first_char) => first_char.to_uppercase().collect::<String>() + chars.as_str(),
1048    }
1049}
1050
1051fn emoji_regex() -> &'static Regex {
1052    static EMOJI_REGEX: LazyLock<Regex> =
1053        LazyLock::new(|| Regex::new("(\\p{Emoji}|\u{200D})").unwrap());
1054    &EMOJI_REGEX
1055}
1056
1057/// Returns true if the given string consists of emojis only.
1058/// E.g. "πŸ‘¨β€πŸ‘©β€πŸ‘§β€πŸ‘§πŸ‘‹" will return true, but "πŸ‘‹!" will return false.
1059pub fn word_consists_of_emojis(s: &str) -> bool {
1060    let mut prev_end = 0;
1061    for capture in emoji_regex().find_iter(s) {
1062        if capture.start() != prev_end {
1063            return false;
1064        }
1065        prev_end = capture.end();
1066    }
1067    prev_end == s.len()
1068}
1069
1070/// Similar to `str::split`, but also provides byte-offset ranges of the results. Unlike
1071/// `str::split`, this is not generic on pattern types and does not return an `Iterator`.
1072pub fn split_str_with_ranges(s: &str, pat: impl Fn(char) -> bool) -> Vec<(Range<usize>, &str)> {
1073    let mut result = Vec::new();
1074    let mut start = 0;
1075
1076    for (i, ch) in s.char_indices() {
1077        if pat(ch) {
1078            if i > start {
1079                result.push((start..i, &s[start..i]));
1080            }
1081            start = i + ch.len_utf8();
1082        }
1083    }
1084
1085    if s.len() > start {
1086        result.push((start..s.len(), &s[start..s.len()]));
1087    }
1088
1089    result
1090}
1091
1092pub fn default<D: Default>() -> D {
1093    Default::default()
1094}
1095
1096pub fn get_system_shell() -> String {
1097    #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
1098    {
1099        get_windows_system_shell()
1100    }
1101
1102    #[cfg(not(target_os = "windows"))]
1103    {
1104        std::env::var("SHELL").unwrap_or("/bin/sh".to_string())
1105    }
1106}
1107
1108pub fn get_default_system_shell() -> String {
1109    #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
1110    {
1111        get_windows_system_shell()
1112    }
1113
1114    #[cfg(not(target_os = "windows"))]
1115    {
1116        "/bin/sh".to_string()
1117    }
1118}
1119
1120#[derive(Debug)]
1121pub enum ConnectionResult<O> {
1122    Timeout,
1123    ConnectionReset,
1124    Result(anyhow::Result<O>),
1125}
1126
1127impl<O> ConnectionResult<O> {
1128    pub fn into_response(self) -> anyhow::Result<O> {
1129        match self {
1130            ConnectionResult::Timeout => anyhow::bail!("Request timed out"),
1131            ConnectionResult::ConnectionReset => anyhow::bail!("Server reset the connection"),
1132            ConnectionResult::Result(r) => r,
1133        }
1134    }
1135}
1136
1137impl<O> From<anyhow::Result<O>> for ConnectionResult<O> {
1138    fn from(result: anyhow::Result<O>) -> Self {
1139        ConnectionResult::Result(result)
1140    }
1141}
1142
1143#[track_caller]
1144pub fn some_or_debug_panic<T>(option: Option<T>) -> Option<T> {
1145    #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
1146    if option.is_none() {
1147        panic!("Unexpected None");
1148    }
1149    option
1150}
1151
1152#[cfg(test)]
1153mod tests {
1154    use super::*;
1155
1156    #[test]
1157    fn test_extend_sorted() {
1158        let mut vec = vec![];
1159
1160        extend_sorted(&mut vec, vec![21, 17, 13, 8, 1, 0], 5, |a, b| b.cmp(a));
1161        assert_eq!(vec, &[21, 17, 13, 8, 1]);
1162
1163        extend_sorted(&mut vec, vec![101, 19, 17, 8, 2], 8, |a, b| b.cmp(a));
1164        assert_eq!(vec, &[101, 21, 19, 17, 13, 8, 2, 1]);
1165
1166        extend_sorted(&mut vec, vec![1000, 19, 17, 9, 5], 8, |a, b| b.cmp(a));
1167        assert_eq!(vec, &[1000, 101, 21, 19, 17, 13, 9, 8]);
1168    }
1169
1170    #[test]
1171    fn test_truncate_to_bottom_n_sorted_by() {
1172        let mut vec: Vec<u32> = vec![5, 2, 3, 4, 1];
1173        truncate_to_bottom_n_sorted_by(&mut vec, 10, &u32::cmp);
1174        assert_eq!(vec, &[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);
1175
1176        vec = vec![5, 2, 3, 4, 1];
1177        truncate_to_bottom_n_sorted_by(&mut vec, 5, &u32::cmp);
1178        assert_eq!(vec, &[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);
1179
1180        vec = vec![5, 2, 3, 4, 1];
1181        truncate_to_bottom_n_sorted_by(&mut vec, 4, &u32::cmp);
1182        assert_eq!(vec, &[1, 2, 3, 4]);
1183
1184        vec = vec![5, 2, 3, 4, 1];
1185        truncate_to_bottom_n_sorted_by(&mut vec, 1, &u32::cmp);
1186        assert_eq!(vec, &[1]);
1187
1188        vec = vec![5, 2, 3, 4, 1];
1189        truncate_to_bottom_n_sorted_by(&mut vec, 0, &u32::cmp);
1190        assert!(vec.is_empty());
1191    }
1192
1193    #[test]
1194    fn test_iife() {
1195        fn option_returning_function() -> Option<()> {
1196            None
1197        }
1198
1199        let foo = maybe!({
1200            option_returning_function()?;
1201            Some(())
1202        });
1203
1204        assert_eq!(foo, None);
1205    }
1206
1207    #[test]
1208    fn test_truncate_and_trailoff() {
1209        assert_eq!(truncate_and_trailoff("", 5), "");
1210        assert_eq!(truncate_and_trailoff("aaaaaa", 7), "aaaaaa");
1211        assert_eq!(truncate_and_trailoff("aaaaaa", 6), "aaaaaa");
1212        assert_eq!(truncate_and_trailoff("aaaaaa", 5), "aaaaa…");
1213        assert_eq!(truncate_and_trailoff("èèèèèè", 7), "èèèèèè");
1214        assert_eq!(truncate_and_trailoff("èèèèèè", 6), "èèèèèè");
1215        assert_eq!(truncate_and_trailoff("èèèèèè", 5), "èèèèè…");
1216    }
1217
1218    #[test]
1219    fn test_truncate_and_remove_front() {
1220        assert_eq!(truncate_and_remove_front("", 5), "");
1221        assert_eq!(truncate_and_remove_front("aaaaaa", 7), "aaaaaa");
1222        assert_eq!(truncate_and_remove_front("aaaaaa", 6), "aaaaaa");
1223        assert_eq!(truncate_and_remove_front("aaaaaa", 5), "…aaaaa");
1224        assert_eq!(truncate_and_remove_front("èèèèèè", 7), "èèèèèè");
1225        assert_eq!(truncate_and_remove_front("èèèèèè", 6), "èèèèèè");
1226        assert_eq!(truncate_and_remove_front("èèèèèè", 5), "…èèèèè");
1227    }
1228
1229    #[test]
1230    fn test_numeric_prefix_str_method() {
1231        let target = "1a";
1232        assert_eq!(
1233            NumericPrefixWithSuffix::from_numeric_prefixed_str(target),
1234            NumericPrefixWithSuffix(Some(1), "a")
1235        );
1236
1237        let target = "12ab";
1238        assert_eq!(
1239            NumericPrefixWithSuffix::from_numeric_prefixed_str(target),
1240            NumericPrefixWithSuffix(Some(12), "ab")
1241        );
1242
1243        let target = "12_ab";
1244        assert_eq!(
1245            NumericPrefixWithSuffix::from_numeric_prefixed_str(target),
1246            NumericPrefixWithSuffix(Some(12), "_ab")
1247        );
1248
1249        let target = "1_2ab";
1250        assert_eq!(
1251            NumericPrefixWithSuffix::from_numeric_prefixed_str(target),
1252            NumericPrefixWithSuffix(Some(1), "_2ab")
1253        );
1254
1255        let target = "1.2";
1256        assert_eq!(
1257            NumericPrefixWithSuffix::from_numeric_prefixed_str(target),
1258            NumericPrefixWithSuffix(Some(1), ".2")
1259        );
1260
1261        let target = "1.2_a";
1262        assert_eq!(
1263            NumericPrefixWithSuffix::from_numeric_prefixed_str(target),
1264            NumericPrefixWithSuffix(Some(1), ".2_a")
1265        );
1266
1267        let target = "12.2_a";
1268        assert_eq!(
1269            NumericPrefixWithSuffix::from_numeric_prefixed_str(target),
1270            NumericPrefixWithSuffix(Some(12), ".2_a")
1271        );
1272
1273        let target = "12a.2_a";
1274        assert_eq!(
1275            NumericPrefixWithSuffix::from_numeric_prefixed_str(target),
1276            NumericPrefixWithSuffix(Some(12), "a.2_a")
1277        );
1278    }
1279
1280    #[test]
1281    fn test_numeric_prefix_with_suffix() {
1282        let mut sorted = vec!["1-abc", "10", "11def", "2", "21-abc"];
1283        sorted.sort_by_key(|s| NumericPrefixWithSuffix::from_numeric_prefixed_str(s));
1284        assert_eq!(sorted, ["1-abc", "2", "10", "11def", "21-abc"]);
1285
1286        for numeric_prefix_less in ["numeric_prefix_less", "aaa", "~β„’Β£"] {
1287            assert_eq!(
1288                NumericPrefixWithSuffix::from_numeric_prefixed_str(numeric_prefix_less),
1289                NumericPrefixWithSuffix(None, numeric_prefix_less),
1290                "String without numeric prefix `{numeric_prefix_less}` should not be converted into NumericPrefixWithSuffix"
1291            )
1292        }
1293    }
1294
1295    #[test]
1296    fn test_word_consists_of_emojis() {
1297        let words_to_test = vec![
1298            ("πŸ‘¨β€πŸ‘©β€πŸ‘§β€πŸ‘§πŸ‘‹πŸ₯’", true),
1299            ("πŸ‘‹", true),
1300            ("!πŸ‘‹", false),
1301            ("πŸ‘‹!", false),
1302            ("πŸ‘‹ ", false),
1303            (" πŸ‘‹", false),
1304            ("Test", false),
1305        ];
1306
1307        for (text, expected_result) in words_to_test {
1308            assert_eq!(word_consists_of_emojis(text), expected_result);
1309        }
1310    }
1311
1312    #[test]
1313    fn test_truncate_lines_and_trailoff() {
1314        let text = r#"Line 1
1315Line 2
1316Line 3"#;
1317
1318        assert_eq!(
1319            truncate_lines_and_trailoff(text, 2),
1320            r#"Line 1
1321…"#
1322        );
1323
1324        assert_eq!(
1325            truncate_lines_and_trailoff(text, 3),
1326            r#"Line 1
1327Line 2
1328…"#
1329        );
1330
1331        assert_eq!(
1332            truncate_lines_and_trailoff(text, 4),
1333            r#"Line 1
1334Line 2
1335Line 3"#
1336        );
1337    }
1338
1339    #[test]
1340    fn test_expanded_and_wrapped_usize_range() {
1341        // Neither wrap
1342        assert_eq!(
1343            expanded_and_wrapped_usize_range(2..4, 1, 1, 8).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1344            (1..5).collect::<Vec<usize>>()
1345        );
1346        // Start wraps
1347        assert_eq!(
1348            expanded_and_wrapped_usize_range(2..4, 3, 1, 8).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1349            ((0..5).chain(7..8)).collect::<Vec<usize>>()
1350        );
1351        // Start wraps all the way around
1352        assert_eq!(
1353            expanded_and_wrapped_usize_range(2..4, 5, 1, 8).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1354            (0..8).collect::<Vec<usize>>()
1355        );
1356        // Start wraps all the way around and past 0
1357        assert_eq!(
1358            expanded_and_wrapped_usize_range(2..4, 10, 1, 8).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1359            (0..8).collect::<Vec<usize>>()
1360        );
1361        // End wraps
1362        assert_eq!(
1363            expanded_and_wrapped_usize_range(3..5, 1, 4, 8).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1364            (0..1).chain(2..8).collect::<Vec<usize>>()
1365        );
1366        // End wraps all the way around
1367        assert_eq!(
1368            expanded_and_wrapped_usize_range(3..5, 1, 5, 8).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1369            (0..8).collect::<Vec<usize>>()
1370        );
1371        // End wraps all the way around and past the end
1372        assert_eq!(
1373            expanded_and_wrapped_usize_range(3..5, 1, 10, 8).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1374            (0..8).collect::<Vec<usize>>()
1375        );
1376        // Both start and end wrap
1377        assert_eq!(
1378            expanded_and_wrapped_usize_range(3..5, 4, 4, 8).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1379            (0..8).collect::<Vec<usize>>()
1380        );
1381    }
1382
1383    #[test]
1384    fn test_wrapped_usize_outward_from() {
1385        // No wrapping
1386        assert_eq!(
1387            wrapped_usize_outward_from(4, 2, 2, 10).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1388            vec![4, 5, 3, 6, 2]
1389        );
1390        // Wrapping at end
1391        assert_eq!(
1392            wrapped_usize_outward_from(8, 2, 3, 10).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1393            vec![8, 9, 7, 0, 6, 1]
1394        );
1395        // Wrapping at start
1396        assert_eq!(
1397            wrapped_usize_outward_from(1, 3, 2, 10).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1398            vec![1, 2, 0, 3, 9, 8]
1399        );
1400        // All values wrap around
1401        assert_eq!(
1402            wrapped_usize_outward_from(5, 10, 10, 8).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1403            vec![5, 6, 4, 7, 3, 0, 2, 1]
1404        );
1405        // None before / after
1406        assert_eq!(
1407            wrapped_usize_outward_from(3, 0, 0, 8).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1408            vec![3]
1409        );
1410        // Starting point already wrapped
1411        assert_eq!(
1412            wrapped_usize_outward_from(15, 2, 2, 10).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1413            vec![5, 6, 4, 7, 3]
1414        );
1415        // wrap_length of 0
1416        assert_eq!(
1417            wrapped_usize_outward_from(4, 2, 2, 0).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1418            Vec::<usize>::new()
1419        );
1420    }
1421
1422    #[test]
1423    fn test_split_with_ranges() {
1424        let input = "hi";
1425        let result = split_str_with_ranges(input, |c| c == ' ');
1426
1427        assert_eq!(result.len(), 1);
1428        assert_eq!(result[0], (0..2, "hi"));
1429
1430        let input = "hΓ©lloπŸ¦€world";
1431        let result = split_str_with_ranges(input, |c| c == 'πŸ¦€');
1432
1433        assert_eq!(result.len(), 2);
1434        assert_eq!(result[0], (0..6, "hΓ©llo")); // 'Γ©' is 2 bytes
1435        assert_eq!(result[1], (10..15, "world")); // 'πŸ¦€' is 4 bytes
1436    }
1437}