window.rs

   1use crate::{
   2    hash, point, prelude::*, px, size, transparent_black, Action, AnyDrag, AnyElement, AnyTooltip,
   3    AnyView, AppContext, Arena, Asset, AsyncWindowContext, AvailableSpace, Bounds, BoxShadow,
   4    Context, Corners, CursorStyle, DevicePixels, DispatchActionListener, DispatchNodeId,
   5    DispatchTree, DisplayId, Edges, Effect, Entity, EntityId, EventEmitter, FileDropEvent, Flatten,
   6    FontId, Global, GlobalElementId, GlyphId, Hsla, ImageData, InputHandler, IsZero, KeyBinding,
   7    KeyContext, KeyDownEvent, KeyEvent, KeyMatch, KeymatchResult, Keystroke, KeystrokeEvent,
   8    LayoutId, LineLayoutIndex, Model, ModelContext, Modifiers, ModifiersChangedEvent,
   9    MonochromeSprite, MouseButton, MouseEvent, MouseMoveEvent, MouseUpEvent, Path, Pixels,
  10    PlatformAtlas, PlatformDisplay, PlatformInput, PlatformInputHandler, PlatformWindow, Point,
  11    PolychromeSprite, PromptLevel, Quad, Render, RenderGlyphParams, RenderImageParams,
  12    RenderSvgParams, ScaledPixels, Scene, Shadow, SharedString, Size, StrikethroughStyle, Style,
  13    SubscriberSet, Subscription, TaffyLayoutEngine, Task, TextStyle, TextStyleRefinement,
  14    TransformationMatrix, Underline, UnderlineStyle, View, VisualContext, WeakView,
  15    WindowAppearance, WindowBackgroundAppearance, WindowBounds, WindowOptions, WindowParams,
  16    WindowTextSystem, SUBPIXEL_VARIANTS,
  17};
  18use anyhow::{anyhow, Context as _, Result};
  19use collections::{FxHashMap, FxHashSet};
  20use derive_more::{Deref, DerefMut};
  21use futures::channel::oneshot;
  22use futures::{future::Shared, FutureExt};
  23#[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
  24use media::core_video::CVImageBuffer;
  25use parking_lot::RwLock;
  26use refineable::Refineable;
  27use slotmap::SlotMap;
  28use smallvec::SmallVec;
  29use std::{
  30    any::{Any, TypeId},
  31    borrow::{Borrow, BorrowMut, Cow},
  32    cell::{Cell, RefCell},
  33    cmp,
  34    fmt::{Debug, Display},
  35    future::Future,
  36    hash::{Hash, Hasher},
  37    marker::PhantomData,
  38    mem,
  39    ops::Range,
  40    rc::Rc,
  41    sync::{
  42        atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering::SeqCst},
  43        Arc, Weak,
  44    },
  45    time::{Duration, Instant},
  46};
  47use util::post_inc;
  48use util::{measure, ResultExt};
  49use uuid::Uuid;
  50
  51mod prompts;
  52
  53pub use prompts::*;
  54
  55pub(crate) const DEFAULT_WINDOW_SIZE: Size<DevicePixels> =
  56    size(DevicePixels(1024), DevicePixels(700));
  57
  58/// Represents the two different phases when dispatching events.
  59#[derive(Default, Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
  60pub enum DispatchPhase {
  61    /// After the capture phase comes the bubble phase, in which mouse event listeners are
  62    /// invoked front to back and keyboard event listeners are invoked from the focused element
  63    /// to the root of the element tree. This is the phase you'll most commonly want to use when
  64    /// registering event listeners.
  65    #[default]
  66    Bubble,
  67    /// During the initial capture phase, mouse event listeners are invoked back to front, and keyboard
  68    /// listeners are invoked from the root of the tree downward toward the focused element. This phase
  69    /// is used for special purposes such as clearing the "pressed" state for click events. If
  70    /// you stop event propagation during this phase, you need to know what you're doing. Handlers
  71    /// outside of the immediate region may rely on detecting non-local events during this phase.
  72    Capture,
  73}
  74
  75impl DispatchPhase {
  76    /// Returns true if this represents the "bubble" phase.
  77    pub fn bubble(self) -> bool {
  78        self == DispatchPhase::Bubble
  79    }
  80
  81    /// Returns true if this represents the "capture" phase.
  82    pub fn capture(self) -> bool {
  83        self == DispatchPhase::Capture
  84    }
  85}
  86
  87type AnyObserver = Box<dyn FnMut(&mut WindowContext) -> bool + 'static>;
  88
  89type AnyWindowFocusListener = Box<dyn FnMut(&FocusEvent, &mut WindowContext) -> bool + 'static>;
  90
  91struct FocusEvent {
  92    previous_focus_path: SmallVec<[FocusId; 8]>,
  93    current_focus_path: SmallVec<[FocusId; 8]>,
  94}
  95
  96slotmap::new_key_type! {
  97    /// A globally unique identifier for a focusable element.
  98    pub struct FocusId;
  99}
 100
 101thread_local! {
 102    /// 8MB wasn't quite enough...
 103    pub(crate) static ELEMENT_ARENA: RefCell<Arena> = RefCell::new(Arena::new(32 * 1024 * 1024));
 104}
 105
 106impl FocusId {
 107    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle is currently focused.
 108    pub fn is_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 109        cx.window.focus == Some(*self)
 110    }
 111
 112    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle contains the focused
 113    /// element or is itself focused.
 114    pub fn contains_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 115        cx.focused()
 116            .map_or(false, |focused| self.contains(focused.id, cx))
 117    }
 118
 119    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle is contained within the
 120    /// focused element or is itself focused.
 121    pub fn within_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 122        let focused = cx.focused();
 123        focused.map_or(false, |focused| focused.id.contains(*self, cx))
 124    }
 125
 126    /// Obtains whether this handle contains the given handle in the most recently rendered frame.
 127    pub(crate) fn contains(&self, other: Self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 128        cx.window
 129            .rendered_frame
 130            .dispatch_tree
 131            .focus_contains(*self, other)
 132    }
 133}
 134
 135/// A handle which can be used to track and manipulate the focused element in a window.
 136pub struct FocusHandle {
 137    pub(crate) id: FocusId,
 138    handles: Arc<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>,
 139}
 140
 141impl std::fmt::Debug for FocusHandle {
 142    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
 143        f.write_fmt(format_args!("FocusHandle({:?})", self.id))
 144    }
 145}
 146
 147impl FocusHandle {
 148    pub(crate) fn new(handles: &Arc<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>) -> Self {
 149        let id = handles.write().insert(AtomicUsize::new(1));
 150        Self {
 151            id,
 152            handles: handles.clone(),
 153        }
 154    }
 155
 156    pub(crate) fn for_id(
 157        id: FocusId,
 158        handles: &Arc<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>,
 159    ) -> Option<Self> {
 160        let lock = handles.read();
 161        let ref_count = lock.get(id)?;
 162        if ref_count.load(SeqCst) == 0 {
 163            None
 164        } else {
 165            ref_count.fetch_add(1, SeqCst);
 166            Some(Self {
 167                id,
 168                handles: handles.clone(),
 169            })
 170        }
 171    }
 172
 173    /// Converts this focus handle into a weak variant, which does not prevent it from being released.
 174    pub fn downgrade(&self) -> WeakFocusHandle {
 175        WeakFocusHandle {
 176            id: self.id,
 177            handles: Arc::downgrade(&self.handles),
 178        }
 179    }
 180
 181    /// Moves the focus to the element associated with this handle.
 182    pub fn focus(&self, cx: &mut WindowContext) {
 183        cx.focus(self)
 184    }
 185
 186    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle is currently focused.
 187    pub fn is_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 188        self.id.is_focused(cx)
 189    }
 190
 191    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle contains the focused
 192    /// element or is itself focused.
 193    pub fn contains_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 194        self.id.contains_focused(cx)
 195    }
 196
 197    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle is contained within the
 198    /// focused element or is itself focused.
 199    pub fn within_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 200        self.id.within_focused(cx)
 201    }
 202
 203    /// Obtains whether this handle contains the given handle in the most recently rendered frame.
 204    pub fn contains(&self, other: &Self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 205        self.id.contains(other.id, cx)
 206    }
 207
 208    /// Dispatch an action on the element that rendered this focus handle
 209    pub fn dispatch_action(&self, action: &dyn Action, cx: &mut WindowContext) {
 210        if let Some(node_id) = cx
 211            .window
 212            .rendered_frame
 213            .dispatch_tree
 214            .focusable_node_id(self.id)
 215        {
 216            cx.dispatch_action_on_node(node_id, action)
 217        }
 218    }
 219}
 220
 221impl Clone for FocusHandle {
 222    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
 223        Self::for_id(self.id, &self.handles).unwrap()
 224    }
 225}
 226
 227impl PartialEq for FocusHandle {
 228    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
 229        self.id == other.id
 230    }
 231}
 232
 233impl Eq for FocusHandle {}
 234
 235impl Drop for FocusHandle {
 236    fn drop(&mut self) {
 237        self.handles
 238            .read()
 239            .get(self.id)
 240            .unwrap()
 241            .fetch_sub(1, SeqCst);
 242    }
 243}
 244
 245/// A weak reference to a focus handle.
 246#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 247pub struct WeakFocusHandle {
 248    pub(crate) id: FocusId,
 249    handles: Weak<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>,
 250}
 251
 252impl WeakFocusHandle {
 253    /// Attempts to upgrade the [WeakFocusHandle] to a [FocusHandle].
 254    pub fn upgrade(&self) -> Option<FocusHandle> {
 255        let handles = self.handles.upgrade()?;
 256        FocusHandle::for_id(self.id, &handles)
 257    }
 258}
 259
 260impl PartialEq for WeakFocusHandle {
 261    fn eq(&self, other: &WeakFocusHandle) -> bool {
 262        self.id == other.id
 263    }
 264}
 265
 266impl Eq for WeakFocusHandle {}
 267
 268impl PartialEq<FocusHandle> for WeakFocusHandle {
 269    fn eq(&self, other: &FocusHandle) -> bool {
 270        self.id == other.id
 271    }
 272}
 273
 274impl PartialEq<WeakFocusHandle> for FocusHandle {
 275    fn eq(&self, other: &WeakFocusHandle) -> bool {
 276        self.id == other.id
 277    }
 278}
 279
 280/// FocusableView allows users of your view to easily
 281/// focus it (using cx.focus_view(view))
 282pub trait FocusableView: 'static + Render {
 283    /// Returns the focus handle associated with this view.
 284    fn focus_handle(&self, cx: &AppContext) -> FocusHandle;
 285}
 286
 287/// ManagedView is a view (like a Modal, Popover, Menu, etc.)
 288/// where the lifecycle of the view is handled by another view.
 289pub trait ManagedView: FocusableView + EventEmitter<DismissEvent> {}
 290
 291impl<M: FocusableView + EventEmitter<DismissEvent>> ManagedView for M {}
 292
 293/// Emitted by implementers of [`ManagedView`] to indicate the view should be dismissed, such as when a view is presented as a modal.
 294pub struct DismissEvent;
 295
 296type FrameCallback = Box<dyn FnOnce(&mut WindowContext)>;
 297
 298pub(crate) type AnyMouseListener =
 299    Box<dyn FnMut(&dyn Any, DispatchPhase, &mut WindowContext) + 'static>;
 300
 301#[derive(Clone)]
 302pub(crate) struct CursorStyleRequest {
 303    pub(crate) hitbox_id: HitboxId,
 304    pub(crate) style: CursorStyle,
 305}
 306
 307/// An identifier for a [Hitbox].
 308#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Default, Eq, PartialEq)]
 309pub struct HitboxId(usize);
 310
 311impl HitboxId {
 312    /// Checks if the hitbox with this id is currently hovered.
 313    pub fn is_hovered(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 314        cx.window.mouse_hit_test.0.contains(self)
 315    }
 316}
 317
 318/// A rectangular region that potentially blocks hitboxes inserted prior.
 319/// See [WindowContext::insert_hitbox] for more details.
 320#[derive(Clone, Debug, Deref)]
 321pub struct Hitbox {
 322    /// A unique identifier for the hitbox.
 323    pub id: HitboxId,
 324    /// The bounds of the hitbox.
 325    #[deref]
 326    pub bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
 327    /// The content mask when the hitbox was inserted.
 328    pub content_mask: ContentMask<Pixels>,
 329    /// Whether the hitbox occludes other hitboxes inserted prior.
 330    pub opaque: bool,
 331}
 332
 333impl Hitbox {
 334    /// Checks if the hitbox is currently hovered.
 335    pub fn is_hovered(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 336        self.id.is_hovered(cx)
 337    }
 338}
 339
 340#[derive(Default, Eq, PartialEq)]
 341pub(crate) struct HitTest(SmallVec<[HitboxId; 8]>);
 342
 343/// An identifier for a tooltip.
 344#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Default, Eq, PartialEq)]
 345pub struct TooltipId(usize);
 346
 347impl TooltipId {
 348    /// Checks if the tooltip is currently hovered.
 349    pub fn is_hovered(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 350        cx.window
 351            .tooltip_bounds
 352            .as_ref()
 353            .map_or(false, |tooltip_bounds| {
 354                tooltip_bounds.id == *self && tooltip_bounds.bounds.contains(&cx.mouse_position())
 355            })
 356    }
 357}
 358
 359pub(crate) struct TooltipBounds {
 360    id: TooltipId,
 361    bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
 362}
 363
 364#[derive(Clone)]
 365pub(crate) struct TooltipRequest {
 366    id: TooltipId,
 367    tooltip: AnyTooltip,
 368}
 369
 370pub(crate) struct DeferredDraw {
 371    priority: usize,
 372    parent_node: DispatchNodeId,
 373    element_id_stack: SmallVec<[ElementId; 32]>,
 374    text_style_stack: Vec<TextStyleRefinement>,
 375    element: Option<AnyElement>,
 376    absolute_offset: Point<Pixels>,
 377    prepaint_range: Range<PrepaintStateIndex>,
 378    paint_range: Range<PaintIndex>,
 379}
 380
 381pub(crate) struct Frame {
 382    pub(crate) focus: Option<FocusId>,
 383    pub(crate) window_active: bool,
 384    pub(crate) element_states: FxHashMap<(GlobalElementId, TypeId), ElementStateBox>,
 385    accessed_element_states: Vec<(GlobalElementId, TypeId)>,
 386    pub(crate) mouse_listeners: Vec<Option<AnyMouseListener>>,
 387    pub(crate) dispatch_tree: DispatchTree,
 388    pub(crate) scene: Scene,
 389    pub(crate) hitboxes: Vec<Hitbox>,
 390    pub(crate) deferred_draws: Vec<DeferredDraw>,
 391    pub(crate) input_handlers: Vec<Option<PlatformInputHandler>>,
 392    pub(crate) tooltip_requests: Vec<Option<TooltipRequest>>,
 393    pub(crate) cursor_styles: Vec<CursorStyleRequest>,
 394    #[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-support"))]
 395    pub(crate) debug_bounds: FxHashMap<String, Bounds<Pixels>>,
 396}
 397
 398#[derive(Clone, Default)]
 399pub(crate) struct PrepaintStateIndex {
 400    hitboxes_index: usize,
 401    tooltips_index: usize,
 402    deferred_draws_index: usize,
 403    dispatch_tree_index: usize,
 404    accessed_element_states_index: usize,
 405    line_layout_index: LineLayoutIndex,
 406}
 407
 408#[derive(Clone, Default)]
 409pub(crate) struct PaintIndex {
 410    scene_index: usize,
 411    mouse_listeners_index: usize,
 412    input_handlers_index: usize,
 413    cursor_styles_index: usize,
 414    accessed_element_states_index: usize,
 415    line_layout_index: LineLayoutIndex,
 416}
 417
 418impl Frame {
 419    pub(crate) fn new(dispatch_tree: DispatchTree) -> Self {
 420        Frame {
 421            focus: None,
 422            window_active: false,
 423            element_states: FxHashMap::default(),
 424            accessed_element_states: Vec::new(),
 425            mouse_listeners: Vec::new(),
 426            dispatch_tree,
 427            scene: Scene::default(),
 428            hitboxes: Vec::new(),
 429            deferred_draws: Vec::new(),
 430            input_handlers: Vec::new(),
 431            tooltip_requests: Vec::new(),
 432            cursor_styles: Vec::new(),
 433
 434            #[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-support"))]
 435            debug_bounds: FxHashMap::default(),
 436        }
 437    }
 438
 439    pub(crate) fn clear(&mut self) {
 440        self.element_states.clear();
 441        self.accessed_element_states.clear();
 442        self.mouse_listeners.clear();
 443        self.dispatch_tree.clear();
 444        self.scene.clear();
 445        self.input_handlers.clear();
 446        self.tooltip_requests.clear();
 447        self.cursor_styles.clear();
 448        self.hitboxes.clear();
 449        self.deferred_draws.clear();
 450    }
 451
 452    pub(crate) fn hit_test(&self, position: Point<Pixels>) -> HitTest {
 453        let mut hit_test = HitTest::default();
 454        for hitbox in self.hitboxes.iter().rev() {
 455            let bounds = hitbox.bounds.intersect(&hitbox.content_mask.bounds);
 456            if bounds.contains(&position) {
 457                hit_test.0.push(hitbox.id);
 458                if hitbox.opaque {
 459                    break;
 460                }
 461            }
 462        }
 463        hit_test
 464    }
 465
 466    pub(crate) fn focus_path(&self) -> SmallVec<[FocusId; 8]> {
 467        self.focus
 468            .map(|focus_id| self.dispatch_tree.focus_path(focus_id))
 469            .unwrap_or_default()
 470    }
 471
 472    pub(crate) fn finish(&mut self, prev_frame: &mut Self) {
 473        for element_state_key in &self.accessed_element_states {
 474            if let Some((element_state_key, element_state)) =
 475                prev_frame.element_states.remove_entry(element_state_key)
 476            {
 477                self.element_states.insert(element_state_key, element_state);
 478            }
 479        }
 480
 481        self.scene.finish();
 482    }
 483}
 484
 485// Holds the state for a specific window.
 486#[doc(hidden)]
 487pub struct Window {
 488    pub(crate) handle: AnyWindowHandle,
 489    pub(crate) removed: bool,
 490    pub(crate) platform_window: Box<dyn PlatformWindow>,
 491    display_id: DisplayId,
 492    sprite_atlas: Arc<dyn PlatformAtlas>,
 493    text_system: Arc<WindowTextSystem>,
 494    rem_size: Pixels,
 495    /// The stack of override values for the window's rem size.
 496    ///
 497    /// This is used by `with_rem_size` to allow rendering an element tree with
 498    /// a given rem size.
 499    rem_size_override_stack: SmallVec<[Pixels; 8]>,
 500    pub(crate) viewport_size: Size<Pixels>,
 501    layout_engine: Option<TaffyLayoutEngine>,
 502    pub(crate) root_view: Option<AnyView>,
 503    pub(crate) element_id_stack: SmallVec<[ElementId; 32]>,
 504    pub(crate) text_style_stack: Vec<TextStyleRefinement>,
 505    pub(crate) element_offset_stack: Vec<Point<Pixels>>,
 506    pub(crate) content_mask_stack: Vec<ContentMask<Pixels>>,
 507    pub(crate) requested_autoscroll: Option<Bounds<Pixels>>,
 508    pub(crate) rendered_frame: Frame,
 509    pub(crate) next_frame: Frame,
 510    pub(crate) next_hitbox_id: HitboxId,
 511    pub(crate) next_tooltip_id: TooltipId,
 512    pub(crate) tooltip_bounds: Option<TooltipBounds>,
 513    next_frame_callbacks: Rc<RefCell<Vec<FrameCallback>>>,
 514    pub(crate) dirty_views: FxHashSet<EntityId>,
 515    pub(crate) focus_handles: Arc<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>,
 516    focus_listeners: SubscriberSet<(), AnyWindowFocusListener>,
 517    focus_lost_listeners: SubscriberSet<(), AnyObserver>,
 518    default_prevented: bool,
 519    mouse_position: Point<Pixels>,
 520    mouse_hit_test: HitTest,
 521    modifiers: Modifiers,
 522    scale_factor: f32,
 523    bounds_observers: SubscriberSet<(), AnyObserver>,
 524    appearance: WindowAppearance,
 525    appearance_observers: SubscriberSet<(), AnyObserver>,
 526    active: Rc<Cell<bool>>,
 527    pub(crate) dirty: Rc<Cell<bool>>,
 528    pub(crate) needs_present: Rc<Cell<bool>>,
 529    pub(crate) last_input_timestamp: Rc<Cell<Instant>>,
 530    pub(crate) refreshing: bool,
 531    pub(crate) draw_phase: DrawPhase,
 532    activation_observers: SubscriberSet<(), AnyObserver>,
 533    pub(crate) focus: Option<FocusId>,
 534    focus_enabled: bool,
 535    pending_input: Option<PendingInput>,
 536    prompt: Option<RenderablePromptHandle>,
 537}
 538
 539#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
 540pub(crate) enum DrawPhase {
 541    None,
 542    Prepaint,
 543    Paint,
 544    Focus,
 545}
 546
 547#[derive(Default, Debug)]
 548struct PendingInput {
 549    keystrokes: SmallVec<[Keystroke; 1]>,
 550    bindings: SmallVec<[KeyBinding; 1]>,
 551    focus: Option<FocusId>,
 552    timer: Option<Task<()>>,
 553}
 554
 555impl PendingInput {
 556    fn input(&self) -> String {
 557        self.keystrokes
 558            .iter()
 559            .flat_map(|k| k.ime_key.clone())
 560            .collect::<Vec<String>>()
 561            .join("")
 562    }
 563
 564    fn used_by_binding(&self, binding: &KeyBinding) -> bool {
 565        if self.keystrokes.is_empty() {
 566            return true;
 567        }
 568        let keystroke = &self.keystrokes[0];
 569        for candidate in keystroke.match_candidates() {
 570            if binding.match_keystrokes(&[candidate]) == KeyMatch::Pending {
 571                return true;
 572            }
 573        }
 574        false
 575    }
 576}
 577
 578pub(crate) struct ElementStateBox {
 579    pub(crate) inner: Box<dyn Any>,
 580    #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
 581    pub(crate) type_name: &'static str,
 582}
 583
 584fn default_bounds(display_id: Option<DisplayId>, cx: &mut AppContext) -> Bounds<DevicePixels> {
 585    const DEFAULT_WINDOW_OFFSET: Point<DevicePixels> = point(DevicePixels(0), DevicePixels(35));
 586
 587    cx.active_window()
 588        .and_then(|w| w.update(cx, |_, cx| cx.bounds()).ok())
 589        .map(|bounds| bounds.map_origin(|origin| origin + DEFAULT_WINDOW_OFFSET))
 590        .unwrap_or_else(|| {
 591            let display = display_id
 592                .map(|id| cx.find_display(id))
 593                .unwrap_or_else(|| cx.primary_display());
 594
 595            display
 596                .map(|display| display.default_bounds())
 597                .unwrap_or_else(|| {
 598                    Bounds::new(point(DevicePixels(0), DevicePixels(0)), DEFAULT_WINDOW_SIZE)
 599                })
 600        })
 601}
 602
 603impl Window {
 604    pub(crate) fn new(
 605        handle: AnyWindowHandle,
 606        options: WindowOptions,
 607        cx: &mut AppContext,
 608    ) -> Self {
 609        let WindowOptions {
 610            window_bounds,
 611            titlebar,
 612            focus,
 613            show,
 614            kind,
 615            is_movable,
 616            display_id,
 617            window_background,
 618            app_id,
 619        } = options;
 620
 621        let bounds = window_bounds
 622            .map(|bounds| bounds.get_bounds())
 623            .unwrap_or_else(|| default_bounds(display_id, cx));
 624        let mut platform_window = cx.platform.open_window(
 625            handle,
 626            WindowParams {
 627                bounds,
 628                titlebar,
 629                kind,
 630                is_movable,
 631                focus,
 632                show,
 633                display_id,
 634                window_background,
 635            },
 636        );
 637        let display_id = platform_window.display().id();
 638        let sprite_atlas = platform_window.sprite_atlas();
 639        let mouse_position = platform_window.mouse_position();
 640        let modifiers = platform_window.modifiers();
 641        let content_size = platform_window.content_size();
 642        let scale_factor = platform_window.scale_factor();
 643        let appearance = platform_window.appearance();
 644        let text_system = Arc::new(WindowTextSystem::new(cx.text_system().clone()));
 645        let dirty = Rc::new(Cell::new(true));
 646        let active = Rc::new(Cell::new(platform_window.is_active()));
 647        let needs_present = Rc::new(Cell::new(false));
 648        let next_frame_callbacks: Rc<RefCell<Vec<FrameCallback>>> = Default::default();
 649        let last_input_timestamp = Rc::new(Cell::new(Instant::now()));
 650
 651        if let Some(ref window_open_state) = window_bounds {
 652            match window_open_state {
 653                WindowBounds::Fullscreen(_) => platform_window.toggle_fullscreen(),
 654                WindowBounds::Maximized(_) => platform_window.zoom(),
 655                WindowBounds::Windowed(_) => {}
 656            }
 657        }
 658
 659        platform_window.on_close(Box::new({
 660            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 661            move || {
 662                let _ = handle.update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.remove_window());
 663            }
 664        }));
 665        platform_window.on_request_frame(Box::new({
 666            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 667            let dirty = dirty.clone();
 668            let active = active.clone();
 669            let needs_present = needs_present.clone();
 670            let next_frame_callbacks = next_frame_callbacks.clone();
 671            let last_input_timestamp = last_input_timestamp.clone();
 672            move || {
 673                let next_frame_callbacks = next_frame_callbacks.take();
 674                if !next_frame_callbacks.is_empty() {
 675                    handle
 676                        .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| {
 677                            for callback in next_frame_callbacks {
 678                                callback(cx);
 679                            }
 680                        })
 681                        .log_err();
 682                }
 683
 684                // Keep presenting the current scene for 1 extra second since the
 685                // last input to prevent the display from underclocking the refresh rate.
 686                let needs_present = needs_present.get()
 687                    || (active.get()
 688                        && last_input_timestamp.get().elapsed() < Duration::from_secs(1));
 689
 690                if dirty.get() {
 691                    measure("frame duration", || {
 692                        handle
 693                            .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| {
 694                                cx.draw();
 695                                cx.present();
 696                            })
 697                            .log_err();
 698                    })
 699                } else if needs_present {
 700                    handle.update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.present()).log_err();
 701                }
 702
 703                handle
 704                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| {
 705                        cx.complete_frame();
 706                    })
 707                    .log_err();
 708            }
 709        }));
 710        platform_window.on_resize(Box::new({
 711            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 712            move |_, _| {
 713                handle
 714                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.bounds_changed())
 715                    .log_err();
 716            }
 717        }));
 718        platform_window.on_moved(Box::new({
 719            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 720            move || {
 721                handle
 722                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.bounds_changed())
 723                    .log_err();
 724            }
 725        }));
 726        platform_window.on_appearance_changed(Box::new({
 727            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 728            move || {
 729                handle
 730                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.appearance_changed())
 731                    .log_err();
 732            }
 733        }));
 734        platform_window.on_active_status_change(Box::new({
 735            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 736            move |active| {
 737                handle
 738                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| {
 739                        cx.window.active.set(active);
 740                        cx.window
 741                            .activation_observers
 742                            .clone()
 743                            .retain(&(), |callback| callback(cx));
 744                        cx.refresh();
 745                    })
 746                    .log_err();
 747            }
 748        }));
 749
 750        platform_window.on_input({
 751            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 752            Box::new(move |event| {
 753                handle
 754                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.dispatch_event(event))
 755                    .log_err()
 756                    .unwrap_or(DispatchEventResult::default())
 757            })
 758        });
 759
 760        if let Some(app_id) = app_id {
 761            platform_window.set_app_id(&app_id);
 762        }
 763
 764        Window {
 765            handle,
 766            removed: false,
 767            platform_window,
 768            display_id,
 769            sprite_atlas,
 770            text_system,
 771            rem_size: px(16.),
 772            rem_size_override_stack: SmallVec::new(),
 773            viewport_size: content_size,
 774            layout_engine: Some(TaffyLayoutEngine::new()),
 775            root_view: None,
 776            element_id_stack: SmallVec::default(),
 777            text_style_stack: Vec::new(),
 778            element_offset_stack: Vec::new(),
 779            content_mask_stack: Vec::new(),
 780            requested_autoscroll: None,
 781            rendered_frame: Frame::new(DispatchTree::new(cx.keymap.clone(), cx.actions.clone())),
 782            next_frame: Frame::new(DispatchTree::new(cx.keymap.clone(), cx.actions.clone())),
 783            next_frame_callbacks,
 784            next_hitbox_id: HitboxId::default(),
 785            next_tooltip_id: TooltipId::default(),
 786            tooltip_bounds: None,
 787            dirty_views: FxHashSet::default(),
 788            focus_handles: Arc::new(RwLock::new(SlotMap::with_key())),
 789            focus_listeners: SubscriberSet::new(),
 790            focus_lost_listeners: SubscriberSet::new(),
 791            default_prevented: true,
 792            mouse_position,
 793            mouse_hit_test: HitTest::default(),
 794            modifiers,
 795            scale_factor,
 796            bounds_observers: SubscriberSet::new(),
 797            appearance,
 798            appearance_observers: SubscriberSet::new(),
 799            active,
 800            dirty,
 801            needs_present,
 802            last_input_timestamp,
 803            refreshing: false,
 804            draw_phase: DrawPhase::None,
 805            activation_observers: SubscriberSet::new(),
 806            focus: None,
 807            focus_enabled: true,
 808            pending_input: None,
 809            prompt: None,
 810        }
 811    }
 812    fn new_focus_listener(
 813        &mut self,
 814        value: AnyWindowFocusListener,
 815    ) -> (Subscription, impl FnOnce()) {
 816        self.focus_listeners.insert((), value)
 817    }
 818}
 819
 820#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
 821pub(crate) struct DispatchEventResult {
 822    pub propagate: bool,
 823    pub default_prevented: bool,
 824}
 825
 826/// Indicates which region of the window is visible. Content falling outside of this mask will not be
 827/// rendered. Currently, only rectangular content masks are supported, but we give the mask its own type
 828/// to leave room to support more complex shapes in the future.
 829#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
 830#[repr(C)]
 831pub struct ContentMask<P: Clone + Default + Debug> {
 832    /// The bounds
 833    pub bounds: Bounds<P>,
 834}
 835
 836impl ContentMask<Pixels> {
 837    /// Scale the content mask's pixel units by the given scaling factor.
 838    pub fn scale(&self, factor: f32) -> ContentMask<ScaledPixels> {
 839        ContentMask {
 840            bounds: self.bounds.scale(factor),
 841        }
 842    }
 843
 844    /// Intersect the content mask with the given content mask.
 845    pub fn intersect(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
 846        let bounds = self.bounds.intersect(&other.bounds);
 847        ContentMask { bounds }
 848    }
 849}
 850
 851/// Provides access to application state in the context of a single window. Derefs
 852/// to an [`AppContext`], so you can also pass a [`WindowContext`] to any method that takes
 853/// an [`AppContext`] and call any [`AppContext`] methods.
 854pub struct WindowContext<'a> {
 855    pub(crate) app: &'a mut AppContext,
 856    pub(crate) window: &'a mut Window,
 857}
 858
 859impl<'a> WindowContext<'a> {
 860    pub(crate) fn new(app: &'a mut AppContext, window: &'a mut Window) -> Self {
 861        Self { app, window }
 862    }
 863
 864    /// Obtain a handle to the window that belongs to this context.
 865    pub fn window_handle(&self) -> AnyWindowHandle {
 866        self.window.handle
 867    }
 868
 869    /// Mark the window as dirty, scheduling it to be redrawn on the next frame.
 870    pub fn refresh(&mut self) {
 871        if self.window.draw_phase == DrawPhase::None {
 872            self.window.refreshing = true;
 873            self.window.dirty.set(true);
 874        }
 875    }
 876
 877    /// Indicate that this view has changed, which will invoke any observers and also mark the window as dirty.
 878    /// If this view or any of its ancestors are *cached*, notifying it will cause it or its ancestors to be redrawn.
 879    pub fn notify(&mut self, view_id: EntityId) {
 880        for view_id in self
 881            .window
 882            .rendered_frame
 883            .dispatch_tree
 884            .view_path(view_id)
 885            .into_iter()
 886            .rev()
 887        {
 888            if !self.window.dirty_views.insert(view_id) {
 889                break;
 890            }
 891        }
 892
 893        if self.window.draw_phase == DrawPhase::None {
 894            self.window.dirty.set(true);
 895            self.app.push_effect(Effect::Notify { emitter: view_id });
 896        }
 897    }
 898
 899    /// Close this window.
 900    pub fn remove_window(&mut self) {
 901        self.window.removed = true;
 902    }
 903
 904    /// Obtain a new [`FocusHandle`], which allows you to track and manipulate the keyboard focus
 905    /// for elements rendered within this window.
 906    pub fn focus_handle(&mut self) -> FocusHandle {
 907        FocusHandle::new(&self.window.focus_handles)
 908    }
 909
 910    /// Obtain the currently focused [`FocusHandle`]. If no elements are focused, returns `None`.
 911    pub fn focused(&self) -> Option<FocusHandle> {
 912        self.window
 913            .focus
 914            .and_then(|id| FocusHandle::for_id(id, &self.window.focus_handles))
 915    }
 916
 917    /// Move focus to the element associated with the given [`FocusHandle`].
 918    pub fn focus(&mut self, handle: &FocusHandle) {
 919        if !self.window.focus_enabled || self.window.focus == Some(handle.id) {
 920            return;
 921        }
 922
 923        self.window.focus = Some(handle.id);
 924        self.window
 925            .rendered_frame
 926            .dispatch_tree
 927            .clear_pending_keystrokes();
 928        self.refresh();
 929    }
 930
 931    /// Remove focus from all elements within this context's window.
 932    pub fn blur(&mut self) {
 933        if !self.window.focus_enabled {
 934            return;
 935        }
 936
 937        self.window.focus = None;
 938        self.refresh();
 939    }
 940
 941    /// Blur the window and don't allow anything in it to be focused again.
 942    pub fn disable_focus(&mut self) {
 943        self.blur();
 944        self.window.focus_enabled = false;
 945    }
 946
 947    /// Accessor for the text system.
 948    pub fn text_system(&self) -> &Arc<WindowTextSystem> {
 949        &self.window.text_system
 950    }
 951
 952    /// The current text style. Which is composed of all the style refinements provided to `with_text_style`.
 953    pub fn text_style(&self) -> TextStyle {
 954        let mut style = TextStyle::default();
 955        for refinement in &self.window.text_style_stack {
 956            style.refine(refinement);
 957        }
 958        style
 959    }
 960
 961    /// Check if the platform window is maximized
 962    /// On some platforms (namely Windows) this is different than the bounds being the size of the display
 963    pub fn is_maximized(&self) -> bool {
 964        self.window.platform_window.is_maximized()
 965    }
 966
 967    /// Return the `WindowBounds` to indicate that how a window should be opened
 968    /// after it has been closed
 969    pub fn window_bounds(&self) -> WindowBounds {
 970        self.window.platform_window.window_bounds()
 971    }
 972
 973    /// Dispatch the given action on the currently focused element.
 974    pub fn dispatch_action(&mut self, action: Box<dyn Action>) {
 975        let focus_handle = self.focused();
 976
 977        let window = self.window.handle;
 978        self.app.defer(move |cx| {
 979            window
 980                .update(cx, |_, cx| {
 981                    let node_id = focus_handle
 982                        .and_then(|handle| {
 983                            cx.window
 984                                .rendered_frame
 985                                .dispatch_tree
 986                                .focusable_node_id(handle.id)
 987                        })
 988                        .unwrap_or_else(|| cx.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
 989
 990                    cx.dispatch_action_on_node(node_id, action.as_ref());
 991                })
 992                .log_err();
 993        })
 994    }
 995
 996    pub(crate) fn dispatch_keystroke_observers(
 997        &mut self,
 998        event: &dyn Any,
 999        action: Option<Box<dyn Action>>,
1000    ) {
1001        let Some(key_down_event) = event.downcast_ref::<KeyDownEvent>() else {
1002            return;
1003        };
1004
1005        self.keystroke_observers
1006            .clone()
1007            .retain(&(), move |callback| {
1008                (callback)(
1009                    &KeystrokeEvent {
1010                        keystroke: key_down_event.keystroke.clone(),
1011                        action: action.as_ref().map(|action| action.boxed_clone()),
1012                    },
1013                    self,
1014                );
1015                true
1016            });
1017    }
1018
1019    pub(crate) fn clear_pending_keystrokes(&mut self) {
1020        self.window
1021            .rendered_frame
1022            .dispatch_tree
1023            .clear_pending_keystrokes();
1024        self.window
1025            .next_frame
1026            .dispatch_tree
1027            .clear_pending_keystrokes();
1028    }
1029
1030    /// Schedules the given function to be run at the end of the current effect cycle, allowing entities
1031    /// that are currently on the stack to be returned to the app.
1032    pub fn defer(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut WindowContext) + 'static) {
1033        let handle = self.window.handle;
1034        self.app.defer(move |cx| {
1035            handle.update(cx, |_, cx| f(cx)).ok();
1036        });
1037    }
1038
1039    /// Subscribe to events emitted by a model or view.
1040    /// The entity to which you're subscribing must implement the [`EventEmitter`] trait.
1041    /// The callback will be invoked a handle to the emitting entity (either a [`View`] or [`Model`]), the event, and a window context for the current window.
1042    pub fn subscribe<Emitter, E, Evt>(
1043        &mut self,
1044        entity: &E,
1045        mut on_event: impl FnMut(E, &Evt, &mut WindowContext<'_>) + 'static,
1046    ) -> Subscription
1047    where
1048        Emitter: EventEmitter<Evt>,
1049        E: Entity<Emitter>,
1050        Evt: 'static,
1051    {
1052        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
1053        let entity = entity.downgrade();
1054        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
1055        self.app.new_subscription(
1056            entity_id,
1057            (
1058                TypeId::of::<Evt>(),
1059                Box::new(move |event, cx| {
1060                    window_handle
1061                        .update(cx, |_, cx| {
1062                            if let Some(handle) = E::upgrade_from(&entity) {
1063                                let event = event.downcast_ref().expect("invalid event type");
1064                                on_event(handle, event, cx);
1065                                true
1066                            } else {
1067                                false
1068                            }
1069                        })
1070                        .unwrap_or(false)
1071                }),
1072            ),
1073        )
1074    }
1075
1076    /// Creates an [`AsyncWindowContext`], which has a static lifetime and can be held across
1077    /// await points in async code.
1078    pub fn to_async(&self) -> AsyncWindowContext {
1079        AsyncWindowContext::new(self.app.to_async(), self.window.handle)
1080    }
1081
1082    /// Schedule the given closure to be run directly after the current frame is rendered.
1083    pub fn on_next_frame(&mut self, callback: impl FnOnce(&mut WindowContext) + 'static) {
1084        RefCell::borrow_mut(&self.window.next_frame_callbacks).push(Box::new(callback));
1085    }
1086
1087    /// Spawn the future returned by the given closure on the application thread pool.
1088    /// The closure is provided a handle to the current window and an `AsyncWindowContext` for
1089    /// use within your future.
1090    pub fn spawn<Fut, R>(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(AsyncWindowContext) -> Fut) -> Task<R>
1091    where
1092        R: 'static,
1093        Fut: Future<Output = R> + 'static,
1094    {
1095        self.app
1096            .spawn(|app| f(AsyncWindowContext::new(app, self.window.handle)))
1097    }
1098
1099    fn bounds_changed(&mut self) {
1100        self.window.scale_factor = self.window.platform_window.scale_factor();
1101        self.window.viewport_size = self.window.platform_window.content_size();
1102        self.window.display_id = self.window.platform_window.display().id();
1103        self.refresh();
1104
1105        self.window
1106            .bounds_observers
1107            .clone()
1108            .retain(&(), |callback| callback(self));
1109    }
1110
1111    /// Returns the bounds of the current window in the global coordinate space, which could span across multiple displays.
1112    pub fn bounds(&self) -> Bounds<DevicePixels> {
1113        self.window.platform_window.bounds()
1114    }
1115
1116    /// Returns whether or not the window is currently fullscreen
1117    pub fn is_fullscreen(&self) -> bool {
1118        self.window.platform_window.is_fullscreen()
1119    }
1120
1121    fn appearance_changed(&mut self) {
1122        self.window.appearance = self.window.platform_window.appearance();
1123
1124        self.window
1125            .appearance_observers
1126            .clone()
1127            .retain(&(), |callback| callback(self));
1128    }
1129
1130    /// Returns the appearance of the current window.
1131    pub fn appearance(&self) -> WindowAppearance {
1132        self.window.appearance
1133    }
1134
1135    /// Returns the size of the drawable area within the window.
1136    pub fn viewport_size(&self) -> Size<Pixels> {
1137        self.window.viewport_size
1138    }
1139
1140    /// Returns whether this window is focused by the operating system (receiving key events).
1141    pub fn is_window_active(&self) -> bool {
1142        self.window.active.get()
1143    }
1144
1145    /// Toggle zoom on the window.
1146    pub fn zoom_window(&self) {
1147        self.window.platform_window.zoom();
1148    }
1149
1150    /// Opens the native title bar context menu, useful when implementing client side decorations (Wayland and X11)
1151    pub fn show_window_menu(&self, position: Point<Pixels>) {
1152        self.window.platform_window.show_window_menu(position)
1153    }
1154
1155    /// Tells the compositor to take control of window movement (Wayland and X11)
1156    ///
1157    /// Events may not be received during a move operation.
1158    pub fn start_system_move(&self) {
1159        self.window.platform_window.start_system_move()
1160    }
1161
1162    /// Returns whether the title bar window controls need to be rendered by the application (Wayland and X11)
1163    pub fn should_render_window_controls(&self) -> bool {
1164        self.window.platform_window.should_render_window_controls()
1165    }
1166
1167    /// Updates the window's title at the platform level.
1168    pub fn set_window_title(&mut self, title: &str) {
1169        self.window.platform_window.set_title(title);
1170    }
1171
1172    /// Sets the application identifier.
1173    pub fn set_app_id(&mut self, app_id: &str) {
1174        self.window.platform_window.set_app_id(app_id);
1175    }
1176
1177    /// Sets the window background appearance.
1178    pub fn set_background_appearance(&mut self, background_appearance: WindowBackgroundAppearance) {
1179        self.window
1180            .platform_window
1181            .set_background_appearance(background_appearance);
1182    }
1183
1184    /// Mark the window as dirty at the platform level.
1185    pub fn set_window_edited(&mut self, edited: bool) {
1186        self.window.platform_window.set_edited(edited);
1187    }
1188
1189    /// Determine the display on which the window is visible.
1190    pub fn display(&self) -> Option<Rc<dyn PlatformDisplay>> {
1191        self.platform
1192            .displays()
1193            .into_iter()
1194            .find(|display| display.id() == self.window.display_id)
1195    }
1196
1197    /// Show the platform character palette.
1198    pub fn show_character_palette(&self) {
1199        self.window.platform_window.show_character_palette();
1200    }
1201
1202    /// The scale factor of the display associated with the window. For example, it could
1203    /// return 2.0 for a "retina" display, indicating that each logical pixel should actually
1204    /// be rendered as two pixels on screen.
1205    pub fn scale_factor(&self) -> f32 {
1206        self.window.scale_factor
1207    }
1208
1209    /// The size of an em for the base font of the application. Adjusting this value allows the
1210    /// UI to scale, just like zooming a web page.
1211    pub fn rem_size(&self) -> Pixels {
1212        self.window
1213            .rem_size_override_stack
1214            .last()
1215            .copied()
1216            .unwrap_or(self.window.rem_size)
1217    }
1218
1219    /// Sets the size of an em for the base font of the application. Adjusting this value allows the
1220    /// UI to scale, just like zooming a web page.
1221    pub fn set_rem_size(&mut self, rem_size: impl Into<Pixels>) {
1222        self.window.rem_size = rem_size.into();
1223    }
1224
1225    /// Executes the provided function with the specified rem size.
1226    ///
1227    /// This method must only be called as part of element drawing.
1228    pub fn with_rem_size<F, R>(&mut self, rem_size: Option<impl Into<Pixels>>, f: F) -> R
1229    where
1230        F: FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1231    {
1232        debug_assert!(
1233            matches!(
1234                self.window.draw_phase,
1235                DrawPhase::Prepaint | DrawPhase::Paint
1236            ),
1237            "this method can only be called during request_layout, prepaint, or paint"
1238        );
1239
1240        if let Some(rem_size) = rem_size {
1241            self.window.rem_size_override_stack.push(rem_size.into());
1242            let result = f(self);
1243            self.window.rem_size_override_stack.pop();
1244            result
1245        } else {
1246            f(self)
1247        }
1248    }
1249
1250    /// The line height associated with the current text style.
1251    pub fn line_height(&self) -> Pixels {
1252        let rem_size = self.rem_size();
1253        let text_style = self.text_style();
1254        text_style
1255            .line_height
1256            .to_pixels(text_style.font_size, rem_size)
1257    }
1258
1259    /// Call to prevent the default action of an event. Currently only used to prevent
1260    /// parent elements from becoming focused on mouse down.
1261    pub fn prevent_default(&mut self) {
1262        self.window.default_prevented = true;
1263    }
1264
1265    /// Obtain whether default has been prevented for the event currently being dispatched.
1266    pub fn default_prevented(&self) -> bool {
1267        self.window.default_prevented
1268    }
1269
1270    /// Determine whether the given action is available along the dispatch path to the currently focused element.
1271    pub fn is_action_available(&self, action: &dyn Action) -> bool {
1272        let target = self
1273            .focused()
1274            .and_then(|focused_handle| {
1275                self.window
1276                    .rendered_frame
1277                    .dispatch_tree
1278                    .focusable_node_id(focused_handle.id)
1279            })
1280            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
1281        self.window
1282            .rendered_frame
1283            .dispatch_tree
1284            .is_action_available(action, target)
1285    }
1286
1287    /// The position of the mouse relative to the window.
1288    pub fn mouse_position(&self) -> Point<Pixels> {
1289        self.window.mouse_position
1290    }
1291
1292    /// The current state of the keyboard's modifiers
1293    pub fn modifiers(&self) -> Modifiers {
1294        self.window.modifiers
1295    }
1296
1297    fn complete_frame(&self) {
1298        self.window.platform_window.completed_frame();
1299    }
1300
1301    /// Produces a new frame and assigns it to `rendered_frame`. To actually show
1302    /// the contents of the new [Scene], use [present].
1303    #[profiling::function]
1304    pub fn draw(&mut self) {
1305        self.window.dirty.set(false);
1306        self.window.requested_autoscroll = None;
1307
1308        // Restore the previously-used input handler.
1309        if let Some(input_handler) = self.window.platform_window.take_input_handler() {
1310            self.window
1311                .rendered_frame
1312                .input_handlers
1313                .push(Some(input_handler));
1314        }
1315
1316        self.draw_roots();
1317        self.window.dirty_views.clear();
1318
1319        self.window
1320            .next_frame
1321            .dispatch_tree
1322            .preserve_pending_keystrokes(
1323                &mut self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree,
1324                self.window.focus,
1325            );
1326        self.window.next_frame.focus = self.window.focus;
1327        self.window.next_frame.window_active = self.window.active.get();
1328
1329        // Register requested input handler with the platform window.
1330        if let Some(input_handler) = self.window.next_frame.input_handlers.pop() {
1331            self.window
1332                .platform_window
1333                .set_input_handler(input_handler.unwrap());
1334        }
1335
1336        self.window.layout_engine.as_mut().unwrap().clear();
1337        self.text_system().finish_frame();
1338        self.window
1339            .next_frame
1340            .finish(&mut self.window.rendered_frame);
1341        ELEMENT_ARENA.with_borrow_mut(|element_arena| {
1342            let percentage = (element_arena.len() as f32 / element_arena.capacity() as f32) * 100.;
1343            if percentage >= 80. {
1344                log::warn!("elevated element arena occupation: {}.", percentage);
1345            }
1346            element_arena.clear();
1347        });
1348
1349        self.window.draw_phase = DrawPhase::Focus;
1350        let previous_focus_path = self.window.rendered_frame.focus_path();
1351        let previous_window_active = self.window.rendered_frame.window_active;
1352        mem::swap(&mut self.window.rendered_frame, &mut self.window.next_frame);
1353        self.window.next_frame.clear();
1354        let current_focus_path = self.window.rendered_frame.focus_path();
1355        let current_window_active = self.window.rendered_frame.window_active;
1356
1357        if previous_focus_path != current_focus_path
1358            || previous_window_active != current_window_active
1359        {
1360            if !previous_focus_path.is_empty() && current_focus_path.is_empty() {
1361                self.window
1362                    .focus_lost_listeners
1363                    .clone()
1364                    .retain(&(), |listener| listener(self));
1365            }
1366
1367            let event = FocusEvent {
1368                previous_focus_path: if previous_window_active {
1369                    previous_focus_path
1370                } else {
1371                    Default::default()
1372                },
1373                current_focus_path: if current_window_active {
1374                    current_focus_path
1375                } else {
1376                    Default::default()
1377                },
1378            };
1379            self.window
1380                .focus_listeners
1381                .clone()
1382                .retain(&(), |listener| listener(&event, self));
1383        }
1384
1385        self.reset_cursor_style();
1386        self.window.refreshing = false;
1387        self.window.draw_phase = DrawPhase::None;
1388        self.window.needs_present.set(true);
1389    }
1390
1391    #[profiling::function]
1392    fn present(&self) {
1393        self.window
1394            .platform_window
1395            .draw(&self.window.rendered_frame.scene);
1396        self.window.needs_present.set(false);
1397        profiling::finish_frame!();
1398    }
1399
1400    fn draw_roots(&mut self) {
1401        self.window.draw_phase = DrawPhase::Prepaint;
1402        self.window.tooltip_bounds.take();
1403
1404        // Layout all root elements.
1405        let mut root_element = self.window.root_view.as_ref().unwrap().clone().into_any();
1406        root_element.prepaint_as_root(Point::default(), self.window.viewport_size.into(), self);
1407
1408        let mut sorted_deferred_draws =
1409            (0..self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws.len()).collect::<SmallVec<[_; 8]>>();
1410        sorted_deferred_draws.sort_by_key(|ix| self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws[*ix].priority);
1411        self.prepaint_deferred_draws(&sorted_deferred_draws);
1412
1413        let mut prompt_element = None;
1414        let mut active_drag_element = None;
1415        let mut tooltip_element = None;
1416        if let Some(prompt) = self.window.prompt.take() {
1417            let mut element = prompt.view.any_view().into_any();
1418            element.prepaint_as_root(Point::default(), self.window.viewport_size.into(), self);
1419            prompt_element = Some(element);
1420            self.window.prompt = Some(prompt);
1421        } else if let Some(active_drag) = self.app.active_drag.take() {
1422            let mut element = active_drag.view.clone().into_any();
1423            let offset = self.mouse_position() - active_drag.cursor_offset;
1424            element.prepaint_as_root(offset, AvailableSpace::min_size(), self);
1425            active_drag_element = Some(element);
1426            self.app.active_drag = Some(active_drag);
1427        } else {
1428            tooltip_element = self.prepaint_tooltip();
1429        }
1430
1431        self.window.mouse_hit_test = self.window.next_frame.hit_test(self.window.mouse_position);
1432
1433        // Now actually paint the elements.
1434        self.window.draw_phase = DrawPhase::Paint;
1435        root_element.paint(self);
1436
1437        self.paint_deferred_draws(&sorted_deferred_draws);
1438
1439        if let Some(mut prompt_element) = prompt_element {
1440            prompt_element.paint(self)
1441        } else if let Some(mut drag_element) = active_drag_element {
1442            drag_element.paint(self);
1443        } else if let Some(mut tooltip_element) = tooltip_element {
1444            tooltip_element.paint(self);
1445        }
1446    }
1447
1448    fn prepaint_tooltip(&mut self) -> Option<AnyElement> {
1449        let tooltip_request = self.window.next_frame.tooltip_requests.last().cloned()?;
1450        let tooltip_request = tooltip_request.unwrap();
1451        let mut element = tooltip_request.tooltip.view.clone().into_any();
1452        let mouse_position = tooltip_request.tooltip.mouse_position;
1453        let tooltip_size = element.layout_as_root(AvailableSpace::min_size(), self);
1454
1455        let mut tooltip_bounds = Bounds::new(mouse_position + point(px(1.), px(1.)), tooltip_size);
1456        let window_bounds = Bounds {
1457            origin: Point::default(),
1458            size: self.viewport_size(),
1459        };
1460
1461        if tooltip_bounds.right() > window_bounds.right() {
1462            let new_x = mouse_position.x - tooltip_bounds.size.width - px(1.);
1463            if new_x >= Pixels::ZERO {
1464                tooltip_bounds.origin.x = new_x;
1465            } else {
1466                tooltip_bounds.origin.x = cmp::max(
1467                    Pixels::ZERO,
1468                    tooltip_bounds.origin.x - tooltip_bounds.right() - window_bounds.right(),
1469                );
1470            }
1471        }
1472
1473        if tooltip_bounds.bottom() > window_bounds.bottom() {
1474            let new_y = mouse_position.y - tooltip_bounds.size.height - px(1.);
1475            if new_y >= Pixels::ZERO {
1476                tooltip_bounds.origin.y = new_y;
1477            } else {
1478                tooltip_bounds.origin.y = cmp::max(
1479                    Pixels::ZERO,
1480                    tooltip_bounds.origin.y - tooltip_bounds.bottom() - window_bounds.bottom(),
1481                );
1482            }
1483        }
1484
1485        self.with_absolute_element_offset(tooltip_bounds.origin, |cx| element.prepaint(cx));
1486
1487        self.window.tooltip_bounds = Some(TooltipBounds {
1488            id: tooltip_request.id,
1489            bounds: tooltip_bounds,
1490        });
1491        Some(element)
1492    }
1493
1494    fn prepaint_deferred_draws(&mut self, deferred_draw_indices: &[usize]) {
1495        assert_eq!(self.window.element_id_stack.len(), 0);
1496
1497        let mut deferred_draws = mem::take(&mut self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws);
1498        for deferred_draw_ix in deferred_draw_indices {
1499            let deferred_draw = &mut deferred_draws[*deferred_draw_ix];
1500            self.window
1501                .element_id_stack
1502                .clone_from(&deferred_draw.element_id_stack);
1503            self.window
1504                .text_style_stack
1505                .clone_from(&deferred_draw.text_style_stack);
1506            self.window
1507                .next_frame
1508                .dispatch_tree
1509                .set_active_node(deferred_draw.parent_node);
1510
1511            let prepaint_start = self.prepaint_index();
1512            if let Some(element) = deferred_draw.element.as_mut() {
1513                self.with_absolute_element_offset(deferred_draw.absolute_offset, |cx| {
1514                    element.prepaint(cx)
1515                });
1516            } else {
1517                self.reuse_prepaint(deferred_draw.prepaint_range.clone());
1518            }
1519            let prepaint_end = self.prepaint_index();
1520            deferred_draw.prepaint_range = prepaint_start..prepaint_end;
1521        }
1522        assert_eq!(
1523            self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws.len(),
1524            0,
1525            "cannot call defer_draw during deferred drawing"
1526        );
1527        self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws = deferred_draws;
1528        self.window.element_id_stack.clear();
1529        self.window.text_style_stack.clear();
1530    }
1531
1532    fn paint_deferred_draws(&mut self, deferred_draw_indices: &[usize]) {
1533        assert_eq!(self.window.element_id_stack.len(), 0);
1534
1535        let mut deferred_draws = mem::take(&mut self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws);
1536        for deferred_draw_ix in deferred_draw_indices {
1537            let mut deferred_draw = &mut deferred_draws[*deferred_draw_ix];
1538            self.window
1539                .element_id_stack
1540                .clone_from(&deferred_draw.element_id_stack);
1541            self.window
1542                .next_frame
1543                .dispatch_tree
1544                .set_active_node(deferred_draw.parent_node);
1545
1546            let paint_start = self.paint_index();
1547            if let Some(element) = deferred_draw.element.as_mut() {
1548                element.paint(self);
1549            } else {
1550                self.reuse_paint(deferred_draw.paint_range.clone());
1551            }
1552            let paint_end = self.paint_index();
1553            deferred_draw.paint_range = paint_start..paint_end;
1554        }
1555        self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws = deferred_draws;
1556        self.window.element_id_stack.clear();
1557    }
1558
1559    pub(crate) fn prepaint_index(&self) -> PrepaintStateIndex {
1560        PrepaintStateIndex {
1561            hitboxes_index: self.window.next_frame.hitboxes.len(),
1562            tooltips_index: self.window.next_frame.tooltip_requests.len(),
1563            deferred_draws_index: self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws.len(),
1564            dispatch_tree_index: self.window.next_frame.dispatch_tree.len(),
1565            accessed_element_states_index: self.window.next_frame.accessed_element_states.len(),
1566            line_layout_index: self.window.text_system.layout_index(),
1567        }
1568    }
1569
1570    pub(crate) fn reuse_prepaint(&mut self, range: Range<PrepaintStateIndex>) {
1571        let window = &mut self.window;
1572        window.next_frame.hitboxes.extend(
1573            window.rendered_frame.hitboxes[range.start.hitboxes_index..range.end.hitboxes_index]
1574                .iter()
1575                .cloned(),
1576        );
1577        window.next_frame.tooltip_requests.extend(
1578            window.rendered_frame.tooltip_requests
1579                [range.start.tooltips_index..range.end.tooltips_index]
1580                .iter_mut()
1581                .map(|request| request.take()),
1582        );
1583        window.next_frame.accessed_element_states.extend(
1584            window.rendered_frame.accessed_element_states[range.start.accessed_element_states_index
1585                ..range.end.accessed_element_states_index]
1586                .iter()
1587                .map(|(id, type_id)| (GlobalElementId(id.0.clone()), *type_id)),
1588        );
1589        window
1590            .text_system
1591            .reuse_layouts(range.start.line_layout_index..range.end.line_layout_index);
1592
1593        let reused_subtree = window.next_frame.dispatch_tree.reuse_subtree(
1594            range.start.dispatch_tree_index..range.end.dispatch_tree_index,
1595            &mut window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree,
1596        );
1597        window.next_frame.deferred_draws.extend(
1598            window.rendered_frame.deferred_draws
1599                [range.start.deferred_draws_index..range.end.deferred_draws_index]
1600                .iter()
1601                .map(|deferred_draw| DeferredDraw {
1602                    parent_node: reused_subtree.refresh_node_id(deferred_draw.parent_node),
1603                    element_id_stack: deferred_draw.element_id_stack.clone(),
1604                    text_style_stack: deferred_draw.text_style_stack.clone(),
1605                    priority: deferred_draw.priority,
1606                    element: None,
1607                    absolute_offset: deferred_draw.absolute_offset,
1608                    prepaint_range: deferred_draw.prepaint_range.clone(),
1609                    paint_range: deferred_draw.paint_range.clone(),
1610                }),
1611        );
1612    }
1613
1614    pub(crate) fn paint_index(&self) -> PaintIndex {
1615        PaintIndex {
1616            scene_index: self.window.next_frame.scene.len(),
1617            mouse_listeners_index: self.window.next_frame.mouse_listeners.len(),
1618            input_handlers_index: self.window.next_frame.input_handlers.len(),
1619            cursor_styles_index: self.window.next_frame.cursor_styles.len(),
1620            accessed_element_states_index: self.window.next_frame.accessed_element_states.len(),
1621            line_layout_index: self.window.text_system.layout_index(),
1622        }
1623    }
1624
1625    pub(crate) fn reuse_paint(&mut self, range: Range<PaintIndex>) {
1626        let window = &mut self.window;
1627
1628        window.next_frame.cursor_styles.extend(
1629            window.rendered_frame.cursor_styles
1630                [range.start.cursor_styles_index..range.end.cursor_styles_index]
1631                .iter()
1632                .cloned(),
1633        );
1634        window.next_frame.input_handlers.extend(
1635            window.rendered_frame.input_handlers
1636                [range.start.input_handlers_index..range.end.input_handlers_index]
1637                .iter_mut()
1638                .map(|handler| handler.take()),
1639        );
1640        window.next_frame.mouse_listeners.extend(
1641            window.rendered_frame.mouse_listeners
1642                [range.start.mouse_listeners_index..range.end.mouse_listeners_index]
1643                .iter_mut()
1644                .map(|listener| listener.take()),
1645        );
1646        window.next_frame.accessed_element_states.extend(
1647            window.rendered_frame.accessed_element_states[range.start.accessed_element_states_index
1648                ..range.end.accessed_element_states_index]
1649                .iter()
1650                .map(|(id, type_id)| (GlobalElementId(id.0.clone()), *type_id)),
1651        );
1652        window
1653            .text_system
1654            .reuse_layouts(range.start.line_layout_index..range.end.line_layout_index);
1655        window.next_frame.scene.replay(
1656            range.start.scene_index..range.end.scene_index,
1657            &window.rendered_frame.scene,
1658        );
1659    }
1660
1661    /// Push a text style onto the stack, and call a function with that style active.
1662    /// Use [`AppContext::text_style`] to get the current, combined text style. This method
1663    /// should only be called as part of element drawing.
1664    pub fn with_text_style<F, R>(&mut self, style: Option<TextStyleRefinement>, f: F) -> R
1665    where
1666        F: FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1667    {
1668        debug_assert!(
1669            matches!(
1670                self.window.draw_phase,
1671                DrawPhase::Prepaint | DrawPhase::Paint
1672            ),
1673            "this method can only be called during request_layout, prepaint, or paint"
1674        );
1675        if let Some(style) = style {
1676            self.window.text_style_stack.push(style);
1677            let result = f(self);
1678            self.window.text_style_stack.pop();
1679            result
1680        } else {
1681            f(self)
1682        }
1683    }
1684
1685    /// Updates the cursor style at the platform level. This method should only be called
1686    /// during the prepaint phase of element drawing.
1687    pub fn set_cursor_style(&mut self, style: CursorStyle, hitbox: &Hitbox) {
1688        debug_assert_eq!(
1689            self.window.draw_phase,
1690            DrawPhase::Paint,
1691            "this method can only be called during paint"
1692        );
1693        self.window
1694            .next_frame
1695            .cursor_styles
1696            .push(CursorStyleRequest {
1697                hitbox_id: hitbox.id,
1698                style,
1699            });
1700    }
1701
1702    /// Sets a tooltip to be rendered for the upcoming frame. This method should only be called
1703    /// during the paint phase of element drawing.
1704    pub fn set_tooltip(&mut self, tooltip: AnyTooltip) -> TooltipId {
1705        debug_assert_eq!(
1706            self.window.draw_phase,
1707            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
1708            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
1709        );
1710        let id = TooltipId(post_inc(&mut self.window.next_tooltip_id.0));
1711        self.window
1712            .next_frame
1713            .tooltip_requests
1714            .push(Some(TooltipRequest { id, tooltip }));
1715        id
1716    }
1717
1718    /// Invoke the given function with the given content mask after intersecting it
1719    /// with the current mask. This method should only be called during element drawing.
1720    pub fn with_content_mask<R>(
1721        &mut self,
1722        mask: Option<ContentMask<Pixels>>,
1723        f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1724    ) -> R {
1725        debug_assert!(
1726            matches!(
1727                self.window.draw_phase,
1728                DrawPhase::Prepaint | DrawPhase::Paint
1729            ),
1730            "this method can only be called during request_layout, prepaint, or paint"
1731        );
1732        if let Some(mask) = mask {
1733            let mask = mask.intersect(&self.content_mask());
1734            self.window_mut().content_mask_stack.push(mask);
1735            let result = f(self);
1736            self.window_mut().content_mask_stack.pop();
1737            result
1738        } else {
1739            f(self)
1740        }
1741    }
1742
1743    /// Updates the global element offset relative to the current offset. This is used to implement
1744    /// scrolling. This method should only be called during the prepaint phase of element drawing.
1745    pub fn with_element_offset<R>(
1746        &mut self,
1747        offset: Point<Pixels>,
1748        f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1749    ) -> R {
1750        debug_assert_eq!(
1751            self.window.draw_phase,
1752            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
1753            "this method can only be called during request_layout, or prepaint"
1754        );
1755
1756        if offset.is_zero() {
1757            return f(self);
1758        };
1759
1760        let abs_offset = self.element_offset() + offset;
1761        self.with_absolute_element_offset(abs_offset, f)
1762    }
1763
1764    /// Updates the global element offset based on the given offset. This is used to implement
1765    /// drag handles and other manual painting of elements. This method should only be called during
1766    /// the prepaint phase of element drawing.
1767    pub fn with_absolute_element_offset<R>(
1768        &mut self,
1769        offset: Point<Pixels>,
1770        f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1771    ) -> R {
1772        debug_assert_eq!(
1773            self.window.draw_phase,
1774            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
1775            "this method can only be called during request_layout, or prepaint"
1776        );
1777        self.window_mut().element_offset_stack.push(offset);
1778        let result = f(self);
1779        self.window_mut().element_offset_stack.pop();
1780        result
1781    }
1782
1783    /// Perform prepaint on child elements in a "retryable" manner, so that any side effects
1784    /// of prepaints can be discarded before prepainting again. This is used to support autoscroll
1785    /// where we need to prepaint children to detect the autoscroll bounds, then adjust the
1786    /// element offset and prepaint again. See [`List`] for an example. This method should only be
1787    /// called during the prepaint phase of element drawing.
1788    pub fn transact<T, U>(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> Result<T, U>) -> Result<T, U> {
1789        debug_assert_eq!(
1790            self.window.draw_phase,
1791            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
1792            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
1793        );
1794        let index = self.prepaint_index();
1795        let result = f(self);
1796        if result.is_err() {
1797            self.window
1798                .next_frame
1799                .hitboxes
1800                .truncate(index.hitboxes_index);
1801            self.window
1802                .next_frame
1803                .tooltip_requests
1804                .truncate(index.tooltips_index);
1805            self.window
1806                .next_frame
1807                .deferred_draws
1808                .truncate(index.deferred_draws_index);
1809            self.window
1810                .next_frame
1811                .dispatch_tree
1812                .truncate(index.dispatch_tree_index);
1813            self.window
1814                .next_frame
1815                .accessed_element_states
1816                .truncate(index.accessed_element_states_index);
1817            self.window
1818                .text_system
1819                .truncate_layouts(index.line_layout_index);
1820        }
1821        result
1822    }
1823
1824    /// When you call this method during [`prepaint`], containing elements will attempt to
1825    /// scroll to cause the specified bounds to become visible. When they decide to autoscroll, they will call
1826    /// [`prepaint`] again with a new set of bounds. See [`List`] for an example of an element
1827    /// that supports this method being called on the elements it contains. This method should only be
1828    /// called during the prepaint phase of element drawing.
1829    pub fn request_autoscroll(&mut self, bounds: Bounds<Pixels>) {
1830        debug_assert_eq!(
1831            self.window.draw_phase,
1832            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
1833            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
1834        );
1835        self.window.requested_autoscroll = Some(bounds);
1836    }
1837
1838    /// This method can be called from a containing element such as [`List`] to support the autoscroll behavior
1839    /// described in [`request_autoscroll`].
1840    pub fn take_autoscroll(&mut self) -> Option<Bounds<Pixels>> {
1841        debug_assert_eq!(
1842            self.window.draw_phase,
1843            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
1844            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
1845        );
1846        self.window.requested_autoscroll.take()
1847    }
1848
1849    /// Remove an asset from GPUI's cache
1850    pub fn remove_cached_asset<A: Asset + 'static>(
1851        &mut self,
1852        source: &A::Source,
1853    ) -> Option<A::Output> {
1854        self.asset_cache.remove::<A>(source)
1855    }
1856
1857    /// Asynchronously load an asset, if the asset hasn't finished loading this will return None.
1858    /// Your view will be re-drawn once the asset has finished loading.
1859    ///
1860    /// Note that the multiple calls to this method will only result in one `Asset::load` call.
1861    /// The results of that call will be cached, and returned on subsequent uses of this API.
1862    ///
1863    /// Use [Self::remove_cached_asset] to reload your asset.
1864    pub fn use_cached_asset<A: Asset + 'static>(
1865        &mut self,
1866        source: &A::Source,
1867    ) -> Option<A::Output> {
1868        self.asset_cache.get::<A>(source).or_else(|| {
1869            if let Some(asset) = self.use_asset::<A>(source) {
1870                self.asset_cache
1871                    .insert::<A>(source.to_owned(), asset.clone());
1872                Some(asset)
1873            } else {
1874                None
1875            }
1876        })
1877    }
1878
1879    /// Asynchronously load an asset, if the asset hasn't finished loading this will return None.
1880    /// Your view will be re-drawn once the asset has finished loading.
1881    ///
1882    /// Note that the multiple calls to this method will only result in one `Asset::load` call at a
1883    /// time.
1884    ///
1885    /// This asset will not be cached by default, see [Self::use_cached_asset]
1886    pub fn use_asset<A: Asset + 'static>(&mut self, source: &A::Source) -> Option<A::Output> {
1887        let asset_id = (TypeId::of::<A>(), hash(source));
1888        let mut is_first = false;
1889        let task = self
1890            .loading_assets
1891            .remove(&asset_id)
1892            .map(|boxed_task| *boxed_task.downcast::<Shared<Task<A::Output>>>().unwrap())
1893            .unwrap_or_else(|| {
1894                is_first = true;
1895                let future = A::load(source.clone(), self);
1896                let task = self.background_executor().spawn(future).shared();
1897                task
1898            });
1899
1900        task.clone().now_or_never().or_else(|| {
1901            if is_first {
1902                let parent_id = self.parent_view_id();
1903                self.spawn({
1904                    let task = task.clone();
1905                    |mut cx| async move {
1906                        task.await;
1907
1908                        cx.on_next_frame(move |cx| {
1909                            if let Some(parent_id) = parent_id {
1910                                cx.notify(parent_id)
1911                            } else {
1912                                cx.refresh()
1913                            }
1914                        });
1915                    }
1916                })
1917                .detach();
1918            }
1919
1920            self.loading_assets.insert(asset_id, Box::new(task));
1921
1922            None
1923        })
1924    }
1925
1926    /// Obtain the current element offset. This method should only be called during the
1927    /// prepaint phase of element drawing.
1928    pub fn element_offset(&self) -> Point<Pixels> {
1929        debug_assert_eq!(
1930            self.window.draw_phase,
1931            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
1932            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
1933        );
1934        self.window()
1935            .element_offset_stack
1936            .last()
1937            .copied()
1938            .unwrap_or_default()
1939    }
1940
1941    /// Obtain the current content mask. This method should only be called during element drawing.
1942    pub fn content_mask(&self) -> ContentMask<Pixels> {
1943        debug_assert!(
1944            matches!(
1945                self.window.draw_phase,
1946                DrawPhase::Prepaint | DrawPhase::Paint
1947            ),
1948            "this method can only be called during prepaint, or paint"
1949        );
1950        self.window()
1951            .content_mask_stack
1952            .last()
1953            .cloned()
1954            .unwrap_or_else(|| ContentMask {
1955                bounds: Bounds {
1956                    origin: Point::default(),
1957                    size: self.window().viewport_size,
1958                },
1959            })
1960    }
1961
1962    /// Provide elements in the called function with a new namespace in which their identiers must be unique.
1963    /// This can be used within a custom element to distinguish multiple sets of child elements.
1964    pub fn with_element_namespace<R>(
1965        &mut self,
1966        element_id: impl Into<ElementId>,
1967        f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1968    ) -> R {
1969        self.window.element_id_stack.push(element_id.into());
1970        let result = f(self);
1971        self.window.element_id_stack.pop();
1972        result
1973    }
1974
1975    /// Updates or initializes state for an element with the given id that lives across multiple
1976    /// frames. If an element with this ID existed in the rendered frame, its state will be passed
1977    /// to the given closure. The state returned by the closure will be stored so it can be referenced
1978    /// when drawing the next frame. This method should only be called as part of element drawing.
1979    pub fn with_element_state<S, R>(
1980        &mut self,
1981        global_id: &GlobalElementId,
1982        f: impl FnOnce(Option<S>, &mut Self) -> (R, S),
1983    ) -> R
1984    where
1985        S: 'static,
1986    {
1987        debug_assert!(
1988            matches!(
1989                self.window.draw_phase,
1990                DrawPhase::Prepaint | DrawPhase::Paint
1991            ),
1992            "this method can only be called during request_layout, prepaint, or paint"
1993        );
1994
1995        let key = (GlobalElementId(global_id.0.clone()), TypeId::of::<S>());
1996        self.window
1997            .next_frame
1998            .accessed_element_states
1999            .push((GlobalElementId(key.0.clone()), TypeId::of::<S>()));
2000
2001        if let Some(any) = self
2002            .window
2003            .next_frame
2004            .element_states
2005            .remove(&key)
2006            .or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.element_states.remove(&key))
2007        {
2008            let ElementStateBox {
2009                inner,
2010                #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
2011                type_name,
2012            } = any;
2013            // Using the extra inner option to avoid needing to reallocate a new box.
2014            let mut state_box = inner
2015                .downcast::<Option<S>>()
2016                .map_err(|_| {
2017                    #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
2018                    {
2019                        anyhow::anyhow!(
2020                            "invalid element state type for id, requested {:?}, actual: {:?}",
2021                            std::any::type_name::<S>(),
2022                            type_name
2023                        )
2024                    }
2025
2026                    #[cfg(not(debug_assertions))]
2027                    {
2028                        anyhow::anyhow!(
2029                            "invalid element state type for id, requested {:?}",
2030                            std::any::type_name::<S>(),
2031                        )
2032                    }
2033                })
2034                .unwrap();
2035
2036            let state = state_box.take().expect(
2037                "reentrant call to with_element_state for the same state type and element id",
2038            );
2039            let (result, state) = f(Some(state), self);
2040            state_box.replace(state);
2041            self.window.next_frame.element_states.insert(
2042                key,
2043                ElementStateBox {
2044                    inner: state_box,
2045                    #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
2046                    type_name,
2047                },
2048            );
2049            result
2050        } else {
2051            let (result, state) = f(None, self);
2052            self.window.next_frame.element_states.insert(
2053                key,
2054                ElementStateBox {
2055                    inner: Box::new(Some(state)),
2056                    #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
2057                    type_name: std::any::type_name::<S>(),
2058                },
2059            );
2060            result
2061        }
2062    }
2063
2064    /// A variant of `with_element_state` that allows the element's id to be optional. This is a convenience
2065    /// method for elements where the element id may or may not be assigned. Prefer using `with_element_state`
2066    /// when the element is guaranteed to have an id.
2067    pub fn with_optional_element_state<S, R>(
2068        &mut self,
2069        global_id: Option<&GlobalElementId>,
2070        f: impl FnOnce(Option<Option<S>>, &mut Self) -> (R, Option<S>),
2071    ) -> R
2072    where
2073        S: 'static,
2074    {
2075        debug_assert!(
2076            matches!(
2077                self.window.draw_phase,
2078                DrawPhase::Prepaint | DrawPhase::Paint
2079            ),
2080            "this method can only be called during request_layout, prepaint, or paint"
2081        );
2082
2083        if let Some(global_id) = global_id {
2084            self.with_element_state(global_id, |state, cx| {
2085                let (result, state) = f(Some(state), cx);
2086                let state =
2087                    state.expect("you must return some state when you pass some element id");
2088                (result, state)
2089            })
2090        } else {
2091            let (result, state) = f(None, self);
2092            debug_assert!(
2093                state.is_none(),
2094                "you must not return an element state when passing None for the global id"
2095            );
2096            result
2097        }
2098    }
2099
2100    /// Defers the drawing of the given element, scheduling it to be painted on top of the currently-drawn tree
2101    /// at a later time. The `priority` parameter determines the drawing order relative to other deferred elements,
2102    /// with higher values being drawn on top.
2103    ///
2104    /// This method should only be called as part of the prepaint phase of element drawing.
2105    pub fn defer_draw(
2106        &mut self,
2107        element: AnyElement,
2108        absolute_offset: Point<Pixels>,
2109        priority: usize,
2110    ) {
2111        let window = &mut self.window;
2112        debug_assert_eq!(
2113            window.draw_phase,
2114            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2115            "this method can only be called during request_layout or prepaint"
2116        );
2117        let parent_node = window.next_frame.dispatch_tree.active_node_id().unwrap();
2118        window.next_frame.deferred_draws.push(DeferredDraw {
2119            parent_node,
2120            element_id_stack: window.element_id_stack.clone(),
2121            text_style_stack: window.text_style_stack.clone(),
2122            priority,
2123            element: Some(element),
2124            absolute_offset,
2125            prepaint_range: PrepaintStateIndex::default()..PrepaintStateIndex::default(),
2126            paint_range: PaintIndex::default()..PaintIndex::default(),
2127        });
2128    }
2129
2130    /// Creates a new painting layer for the specified bounds. A "layer" is a batch
2131    /// of geometry that are non-overlapping and have the same draw order. This is typically used
2132    /// for performance reasons.
2133    ///
2134    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2135    pub fn paint_layer<R>(&mut self, bounds: Bounds<Pixels>, f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R) -> R {
2136        debug_assert_eq!(
2137            self.window.draw_phase,
2138            DrawPhase::Paint,
2139            "this method can only be called during paint"
2140        );
2141
2142        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2143        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
2144        let clipped_bounds = bounds.intersect(&content_mask.bounds);
2145        if !clipped_bounds.is_empty() {
2146            self.window
2147                .next_frame
2148                .scene
2149                .push_layer(clipped_bounds.scale(scale_factor));
2150        }
2151
2152        let result = f(self);
2153
2154        if !clipped_bounds.is_empty() {
2155            self.window.next_frame.scene.pop_layer();
2156        }
2157
2158        result
2159    }
2160
2161    /// Paint one or more drop shadows into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2162    ///
2163    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2164    pub fn paint_shadows(
2165        &mut self,
2166        bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
2167        corner_radii: Corners<Pixels>,
2168        shadows: &[BoxShadow],
2169    ) {
2170        debug_assert_eq!(
2171            self.window.draw_phase,
2172            DrawPhase::Paint,
2173            "this method can only be called during paint"
2174        );
2175
2176        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2177        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
2178        for shadow in shadows {
2179            let mut shadow_bounds = bounds;
2180            shadow_bounds.origin += shadow.offset;
2181            shadow_bounds.dilate(shadow.spread_radius);
2182            self.window.next_frame.scene.insert_primitive(Shadow {
2183                order: 0,
2184                blur_radius: shadow.blur_radius.scale(scale_factor),
2185                bounds: shadow_bounds.scale(scale_factor),
2186                content_mask: content_mask.scale(scale_factor),
2187                corner_radii: corner_radii.scale(scale_factor),
2188                color: shadow.color,
2189            });
2190        }
2191    }
2192
2193    /// Paint one or more quads into the scene for the next frame at the current stacking context.
2194    /// Quads are colored rectangular regions with an optional background, border, and corner radius.
2195    /// see [`fill`](crate::fill), [`outline`](crate::outline), and [`quad`](crate::quad) to construct this type.
2196    ///
2197    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2198    pub fn paint_quad(&mut self, quad: PaintQuad) {
2199        debug_assert_eq!(
2200            self.window.draw_phase,
2201            DrawPhase::Paint,
2202            "this method can only be called during paint"
2203        );
2204
2205        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2206        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
2207        self.window.next_frame.scene.insert_primitive(Quad {
2208            order: 0,
2209            pad: 0,
2210            bounds: quad.bounds.scale(scale_factor),
2211            content_mask: content_mask.scale(scale_factor),
2212            background: quad.background,
2213            border_color: quad.border_color,
2214            corner_radii: quad.corner_radii.scale(scale_factor),
2215            border_widths: quad.border_widths.scale(scale_factor),
2216        });
2217    }
2218
2219    /// Paint the given `Path` into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2220    ///
2221    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2222    pub fn paint_path(&mut self, mut path: Path<Pixels>, color: impl Into<Hsla>) {
2223        debug_assert_eq!(
2224            self.window.draw_phase,
2225            DrawPhase::Paint,
2226            "this method can only be called during paint"
2227        );
2228
2229        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2230        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
2231        path.content_mask = content_mask;
2232        path.color = color.into();
2233        self.window
2234            .next_frame
2235            .scene
2236            .insert_primitive(path.scale(scale_factor));
2237    }
2238
2239    /// Paint an underline into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2240    ///
2241    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2242    pub fn paint_underline(
2243        &mut self,
2244        origin: Point<Pixels>,
2245        width: Pixels,
2246        style: &UnderlineStyle,
2247    ) {
2248        debug_assert_eq!(
2249            self.window.draw_phase,
2250            DrawPhase::Paint,
2251            "this method can only be called during paint"
2252        );
2253
2254        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2255        let height = if style.wavy {
2256            style.thickness * 3.
2257        } else {
2258            style.thickness
2259        };
2260        let bounds = Bounds {
2261            origin,
2262            size: size(width, height),
2263        };
2264        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
2265
2266        self.window.next_frame.scene.insert_primitive(Underline {
2267            order: 0,
2268            pad: 0,
2269            bounds: bounds.scale(scale_factor),
2270            content_mask: content_mask.scale(scale_factor),
2271            color: style.color.unwrap_or_default(),
2272            thickness: style.thickness.scale(scale_factor),
2273            wavy: style.wavy,
2274        });
2275    }
2276
2277    /// Paint a strikethrough into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2278    ///
2279    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2280    pub fn paint_strikethrough(
2281        &mut self,
2282        origin: Point<Pixels>,
2283        width: Pixels,
2284        style: &StrikethroughStyle,
2285    ) {
2286        debug_assert_eq!(
2287            self.window.draw_phase,
2288            DrawPhase::Paint,
2289            "this method can only be called during paint"
2290        );
2291
2292        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2293        let height = style.thickness;
2294        let bounds = Bounds {
2295            origin,
2296            size: size(width, height),
2297        };
2298        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
2299
2300        self.window.next_frame.scene.insert_primitive(Underline {
2301            order: 0,
2302            pad: 0,
2303            bounds: bounds.scale(scale_factor),
2304            content_mask: content_mask.scale(scale_factor),
2305            thickness: style.thickness.scale(scale_factor),
2306            color: style.color.unwrap_or_default(),
2307            wavy: false,
2308        });
2309    }
2310
2311    /// Paints a monochrome (non-emoji) glyph into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2312    ///
2313    /// The y component of the origin is the baseline of the glyph.
2314    /// You should generally prefer to use the [`ShapedLine::paint`](crate::ShapedLine::paint) or
2315    /// [`WrappedLine::paint`](crate::WrappedLine::paint) methods in the [`TextSystem`](crate::TextSystem).
2316    /// This method is only useful if you need to paint a single glyph that has already been shaped.
2317    ///
2318    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2319    pub fn paint_glyph(
2320        &mut self,
2321        origin: Point<Pixels>,
2322        font_id: FontId,
2323        glyph_id: GlyphId,
2324        font_size: Pixels,
2325        color: Hsla,
2326    ) -> Result<()> {
2327        debug_assert_eq!(
2328            self.window.draw_phase,
2329            DrawPhase::Paint,
2330            "this method can only be called during paint"
2331        );
2332
2333        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2334        let glyph_origin = origin.scale(scale_factor);
2335        let subpixel_variant = Point {
2336            x: (glyph_origin.x.0.fract() * SUBPIXEL_VARIANTS as f32).floor() as u8,
2337            y: (glyph_origin.y.0.fract() * SUBPIXEL_VARIANTS as f32).floor() as u8,
2338        };
2339        let params = RenderGlyphParams {
2340            font_id,
2341            glyph_id,
2342            font_size,
2343            subpixel_variant,
2344            scale_factor,
2345            is_emoji: false,
2346        };
2347
2348        let raster_bounds = self.text_system().raster_bounds(&params)?;
2349        if !raster_bounds.is_zero() {
2350            let tile = self
2351                .window
2352                .sprite_atlas
2353                .get_or_insert_with(&params.clone().into(), &mut || {
2354                    let (size, bytes) = self.text_system().rasterize_glyph(&params)?;
2355                    Ok(Some((size, Cow::Owned(bytes))))
2356                })?
2357                .expect("Callback above only errors or returns Some");
2358            let bounds = Bounds {
2359                origin: glyph_origin.map(|px| px.floor()) + raster_bounds.origin.map(Into::into),
2360                size: tile.bounds.size.map(Into::into),
2361            };
2362            let content_mask = self.content_mask().scale(scale_factor);
2363            self.window
2364                .next_frame
2365                .scene
2366                .insert_primitive(MonochromeSprite {
2367                    order: 0,
2368                    pad: 0,
2369                    bounds,
2370                    content_mask,
2371                    color,
2372                    tile,
2373                    transformation: TransformationMatrix::unit(),
2374                });
2375        }
2376        Ok(())
2377    }
2378
2379    /// Paints an emoji glyph into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2380    ///
2381    /// The y component of the origin is the baseline of the glyph.
2382    /// You should generally prefer to use the [`ShapedLine::paint`](crate::ShapedLine::paint) or
2383    /// [`WrappedLine::paint`](crate::WrappedLine::paint) methods in the [`TextSystem`](crate::TextSystem).
2384    /// This method is only useful if you need to paint a single emoji that has already been shaped.
2385    ///
2386    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2387    pub fn paint_emoji(
2388        &mut self,
2389        origin: Point<Pixels>,
2390        font_id: FontId,
2391        glyph_id: GlyphId,
2392        font_size: Pixels,
2393    ) -> Result<()> {
2394        debug_assert_eq!(
2395            self.window.draw_phase,
2396            DrawPhase::Paint,
2397            "this method can only be called during paint"
2398        );
2399
2400        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2401        let glyph_origin = origin.scale(scale_factor);
2402        let params = RenderGlyphParams {
2403            font_id,
2404            glyph_id,
2405            font_size,
2406            // We don't render emojis with subpixel variants.
2407            subpixel_variant: Default::default(),
2408            scale_factor,
2409            is_emoji: true,
2410        };
2411
2412        let raster_bounds = self.text_system().raster_bounds(&params)?;
2413        if !raster_bounds.is_zero() {
2414            let tile = self
2415                .window
2416                .sprite_atlas
2417                .get_or_insert_with(&params.clone().into(), &mut || {
2418                    let (size, bytes) = self.text_system().rasterize_glyph(&params)?;
2419                    Ok(Some((size, Cow::Owned(bytes))))
2420                })?
2421                .expect("Callback above only errors or returns Some");
2422
2423            let bounds = Bounds {
2424                origin: glyph_origin.map(|px| px.floor()) + raster_bounds.origin.map(Into::into),
2425                size: tile.bounds.size.map(Into::into),
2426            };
2427            let content_mask = self.content_mask().scale(scale_factor);
2428
2429            self.window
2430                .next_frame
2431                .scene
2432                .insert_primitive(PolychromeSprite {
2433                    order: 0,
2434                    grayscale: false,
2435                    bounds,
2436                    corner_radii: Default::default(),
2437                    content_mask,
2438                    tile,
2439                });
2440        }
2441        Ok(())
2442    }
2443
2444    /// Paint a monochrome SVG into the scene for the next frame at the current stacking context.
2445    ///
2446    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2447    pub fn paint_svg(
2448        &mut self,
2449        bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
2450        path: SharedString,
2451        transformation: TransformationMatrix,
2452        color: Hsla,
2453    ) -> Result<()> {
2454        debug_assert_eq!(
2455            self.window.draw_phase,
2456            DrawPhase::Paint,
2457            "this method can only be called during paint"
2458        );
2459
2460        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2461        let bounds = bounds.scale(scale_factor);
2462        // Render the SVG at twice the size to get a higher quality result.
2463        let params = RenderSvgParams {
2464            path,
2465            size: bounds
2466                .size
2467                .map(|pixels| DevicePixels::from((pixels.0 * 2.).ceil() as i32)),
2468        };
2469
2470        let Some(tile) =
2471            self.window
2472                .sprite_atlas
2473                .get_or_insert_with(&params.clone().into(), &mut || {
2474                    let Some(bytes) = self.svg_renderer.render(&params)? else {
2475                        return Ok(None);
2476                    };
2477                    Ok(Some((params.size, Cow::Owned(bytes))))
2478                })?
2479        else {
2480            return Ok(());
2481        };
2482        let content_mask = self.content_mask().scale(scale_factor);
2483
2484        self.window
2485            .next_frame
2486            .scene
2487            .insert_primitive(MonochromeSprite {
2488                order: 0,
2489                pad: 0,
2490                bounds,
2491                content_mask,
2492                color,
2493                tile,
2494                transformation,
2495            });
2496
2497        Ok(())
2498    }
2499
2500    /// Paint an image into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2501    ///
2502    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2503    pub fn paint_image(
2504        &mut self,
2505        bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
2506        corner_radii: Corners<Pixels>,
2507        data: Arc<ImageData>,
2508        grayscale: bool,
2509    ) -> Result<()> {
2510        debug_assert_eq!(
2511            self.window.draw_phase,
2512            DrawPhase::Paint,
2513            "this method can only be called during paint"
2514        );
2515
2516        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2517        let bounds = bounds.scale(scale_factor);
2518        let params = RenderImageParams { image_id: data.id };
2519
2520        let tile = self
2521            .window
2522            .sprite_atlas
2523            .get_or_insert_with(&params.clone().into(), &mut || {
2524                Ok(Some((data.size(), Cow::Borrowed(data.as_bytes()))))
2525            })?
2526            .expect("Callback above only returns Some");
2527        let content_mask = self.content_mask().scale(scale_factor);
2528        let corner_radii = corner_radii.scale(scale_factor);
2529
2530        self.window
2531            .next_frame
2532            .scene
2533            .insert_primitive(PolychromeSprite {
2534                order: 0,
2535                grayscale,
2536                bounds,
2537                content_mask,
2538                corner_radii,
2539                tile,
2540            });
2541        Ok(())
2542    }
2543
2544    /// Paint a surface into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2545    ///
2546    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2547    #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
2548    pub fn paint_surface(&mut self, bounds: Bounds<Pixels>, image_buffer: CVImageBuffer) {
2549        debug_assert_eq!(
2550            self.window.draw_phase,
2551            DrawPhase::Paint,
2552            "this method can only be called during paint"
2553        );
2554
2555        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2556        let bounds = bounds.scale(scale_factor);
2557        let content_mask = self.content_mask().scale(scale_factor);
2558        self.window
2559            .next_frame
2560            .scene
2561            .insert_primitive(crate::Surface {
2562                order: 0,
2563                bounds,
2564                content_mask,
2565                image_buffer,
2566            });
2567    }
2568
2569    #[must_use]
2570    /// Add a node to the layout tree for the current frame. Takes the `Style` of the element for which
2571    /// layout is being requested, along with the layout ids of any children. This method is called during
2572    /// calls to the [`Element::request_layout`] trait method and enables any element to participate in layout.
2573    ///
2574    /// This method should only be called as part of the request_layout or prepaint phase of element drawing.
2575    pub fn request_layout(
2576        &mut self,
2577        style: Style,
2578        children: impl IntoIterator<Item = LayoutId>,
2579    ) -> LayoutId {
2580        debug_assert_eq!(
2581            self.window.draw_phase,
2582            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2583            "this method can only be called during request_layout, or prepaint"
2584        );
2585
2586        self.app.layout_id_buffer.clear();
2587        self.app.layout_id_buffer.extend(children);
2588        let rem_size = self.rem_size();
2589
2590        self.window.layout_engine.as_mut().unwrap().request_layout(
2591            style,
2592            rem_size,
2593            &self.app.layout_id_buffer,
2594        )
2595    }
2596
2597    /// Add a node to the layout tree for the current frame. Instead of taking a `Style` and children,
2598    /// this variant takes a function that is invoked during layout so you can use arbitrary logic to
2599    /// determine the element's size. One place this is used internally is when measuring text.
2600    ///
2601    /// The given closure is invoked at layout time with the known dimensions and available space and
2602    /// returns a `Size`.
2603    ///
2604    /// This method should only be called as part of the request_layout or prepaint phase of element drawing.
2605    pub fn request_measured_layout<
2606        F: FnMut(Size<Option<Pixels>>, Size<AvailableSpace>, &mut WindowContext) -> Size<Pixels>
2607            + 'static,
2608    >(
2609        &mut self,
2610        style: Style,
2611        measure: F,
2612    ) -> LayoutId {
2613        debug_assert_eq!(
2614            self.window.draw_phase,
2615            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2616            "this method can only be called during request_layout, or prepaint"
2617        );
2618
2619        let rem_size = self.rem_size();
2620        self.window
2621            .layout_engine
2622            .as_mut()
2623            .unwrap()
2624            .request_measured_layout(style, rem_size, measure)
2625    }
2626
2627    /// Compute the layout for the given id within the given available space.
2628    /// This method is called for its side effect, typically by the framework prior to painting.
2629    /// After calling it, you can request the bounds of the given layout node id or any descendant.
2630    ///
2631    /// This method should only be called as part of the prepaint phase of element drawing.
2632    pub fn compute_layout(&mut self, layout_id: LayoutId, available_space: Size<AvailableSpace>) {
2633        debug_assert_eq!(
2634            self.window.draw_phase,
2635            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2636            "this method can only be called during request_layout, or prepaint"
2637        );
2638
2639        let mut layout_engine = self.window.layout_engine.take().unwrap();
2640        layout_engine.compute_layout(layout_id, available_space, self);
2641        self.window.layout_engine = Some(layout_engine);
2642    }
2643
2644    /// Obtain the bounds computed for the given LayoutId relative to the window. This method will usually be invoked by
2645    /// GPUI itself automatically in order to pass your element its `Bounds` automatically.
2646    ///
2647    /// This method should only be called as part of element drawing.
2648    pub fn layout_bounds(&mut self, layout_id: LayoutId) -> Bounds<Pixels> {
2649        debug_assert_eq!(
2650            self.window.draw_phase,
2651            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2652            "this method can only be called during request_layout, prepaint, or paint"
2653        );
2654
2655        let mut bounds = self
2656            .window
2657            .layout_engine
2658            .as_mut()
2659            .unwrap()
2660            .layout_bounds(layout_id)
2661            .map(Into::into);
2662        bounds.origin += self.element_offset();
2663        bounds
2664    }
2665
2666    /// This method should be called during `prepaint`. You can use
2667    /// the returned [Hitbox] during `paint` or in an event handler
2668    /// to determine whether the inserted hitbox was the topmost.
2669    ///
2670    /// This method should only be called as part of the prepaint phase of element drawing.
2671    pub fn insert_hitbox(&mut self, bounds: Bounds<Pixels>, opaque: bool) -> Hitbox {
2672        debug_assert_eq!(
2673            self.window.draw_phase,
2674            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2675            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
2676        );
2677
2678        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
2679        let window = &mut self.window;
2680        let id = window.next_hitbox_id;
2681        window.next_hitbox_id.0 += 1;
2682        let hitbox = Hitbox {
2683            id,
2684            bounds,
2685            content_mask,
2686            opaque,
2687        };
2688        window.next_frame.hitboxes.push(hitbox.clone());
2689        hitbox
2690    }
2691
2692    /// Sets the key context for the current element. This context will be used to translate
2693    /// keybindings into actions.
2694    ///
2695    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2696    pub fn set_key_context(&mut self, context: KeyContext) {
2697        debug_assert_eq!(
2698            self.window.draw_phase,
2699            DrawPhase::Paint,
2700            "this method can only be called during paint"
2701        );
2702        self.window
2703            .next_frame
2704            .dispatch_tree
2705            .set_key_context(context);
2706    }
2707
2708    /// Sets the focus handle for the current element. This handle will be used to manage focus state
2709    /// and keyboard event dispatch for the element.
2710    ///
2711    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2712    pub fn set_focus_handle(&mut self, focus_handle: &FocusHandle) {
2713        debug_assert_eq!(
2714            self.window.draw_phase,
2715            DrawPhase::Paint,
2716            "this method can only be called during paint"
2717        );
2718        self.window
2719            .next_frame
2720            .dispatch_tree
2721            .set_focus_id(focus_handle.id);
2722    }
2723
2724    /// Sets the view id for the current element, which will be used to manage view caching.
2725    ///
2726    /// This method should only be called as part of element prepaint. We plan on removing this
2727    /// method eventually when we solve some issues that require us to construct editor elements
2728    /// directly instead of always using editors via views.
2729    pub fn set_view_id(&mut self, view_id: EntityId) {
2730        debug_assert_eq!(
2731            self.window.draw_phase,
2732            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2733            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
2734        );
2735        self.window.next_frame.dispatch_tree.set_view_id(view_id);
2736    }
2737
2738    /// Get the last view id for the current element
2739    pub fn parent_view_id(&mut self) -> Option<EntityId> {
2740        self.window.next_frame.dispatch_tree.parent_view_id()
2741    }
2742
2743    /// Sets an input handler, such as [`ElementInputHandler`][element_input_handler], which interfaces with the
2744    /// platform to receive textual input with proper integration with concerns such
2745    /// as IME interactions. This handler will be active for the upcoming frame until the following frame is
2746    /// rendered.
2747    ///
2748    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2749    ///
2750    /// [element_input_handler]: crate::ElementInputHandler
2751    pub fn handle_input(&mut self, focus_handle: &FocusHandle, input_handler: impl InputHandler) {
2752        debug_assert_eq!(
2753            self.window.draw_phase,
2754            DrawPhase::Paint,
2755            "this method can only be called during paint"
2756        );
2757
2758        if focus_handle.is_focused(self) {
2759            let cx = self.to_async();
2760            self.window
2761                .next_frame
2762                .input_handlers
2763                .push(Some(PlatformInputHandler::new(cx, Box::new(input_handler))));
2764        }
2765    }
2766
2767    /// Register a mouse event listener on the window for the next frame. The type of event
2768    /// is determined by the first parameter of the given listener. When the next frame is rendered
2769    /// the listener will be cleared.
2770    ///
2771    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2772    pub fn on_mouse_event<Event: MouseEvent>(
2773        &mut self,
2774        mut handler: impl FnMut(&Event, DispatchPhase, &mut WindowContext) + 'static,
2775    ) {
2776        debug_assert_eq!(
2777            self.window.draw_phase,
2778            DrawPhase::Paint,
2779            "this method can only be called during paint"
2780        );
2781
2782        self.window.next_frame.mouse_listeners.push(Some(Box::new(
2783            move |event: &dyn Any, phase: DispatchPhase, cx: &mut WindowContext<'_>| {
2784                if let Some(event) = event.downcast_ref() {
2785                    handler(event, phase, cx)
2786                }
2787            },
2788        )));
2789    }
2790
2791    /// Register a key event listener on the window for the next frame. The type of event
2792    /// is determined by the first parameter of the given listener. When the next frame is rendered
2793    /// the listener will be cleared.
2794    ///
2795    /// This is a fairly low-level method, so prefer using event handlers on elements unless you have
2796    /// a specific need to register a global listener.
2797    ///
2798    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2799    pub fn on_key_event<Event: KeyEvent>(
2800        &mut self,
2801        listener: impl Fn(&Event, DispatchPhase, &mut WindowContext) + 'static,
2802    ) {
2803        debug_assert_eq!(
2804            self.window.draw_phase,
2805            DrawPhase::Paint,
2806            "this method can only be called during paint"
2807        );
2808
2809        self.window.next_frame.dispatch_tree.on_key_event(Rc::new(
2810            move |event: &dyn Any, phase, cx: &mut WindowContext<'_>| {
2811                if let Some(event) = event.downcast_ref::<Event>() {
2812                    listener(event, phase, cx)
2813                }
2814            },
2815        ));
2816    }
2817
2818    /// Register a modifiers changed event listener on the window for the next frame.
2819    ///
2820    /// This is a fairly low-level method, so prefer using event handlers on elements unless you have
2821    /// a specific need to register a global listener.
2822    ///
2823    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2824    pub fn on_modifiers_changed(
2825        &mut self,
2826        listener: impl Fn(&ModifiersChangedEvent, &mut WindowContext) + 'static,
2827    ) {
2828        debug_assert_eq!(
2829            self.window.draw_phase,
2830            DrawPhase::Paint,
2831            "this method can only be called during paint"
2832        );
2833
2834        self.window
2835            .next_frame
2836            .dispatch_tree
2837            .on_modifiers_changed(Rc::new(
2838                move |event: &ModifiersChangedEvent, cx: &mut WindowContext<'_>| {
2839                    listener(event, cx)
2840                },
2841            ));
2842    }
2843
2844    fn reset_cursor_style(&self) {
2845        // Set the cursor only if we're the active window.
2846        if self.is_window_active() {
2847            let style = self
2848                .window
2849                .rendered_frame
2850                .cursor_styles
2851                .iter()
2852                .rev()
2853                .find(|request| request.hitbox_id.is_hovered(self))
2854                .map(|request| request.style)
2855                .unwrap_or(CursorStyle::Arrow);
2856            self.platform.set_cursor_style(style);
2857        }
2858    }
2859
2860    /// Dispatch a given keystroke as though the user had typed it.
2861    /// You can create a keystroke with Keystroke::parse("").
2862    pub fn dispatch_keystroke(&mut self, keystroke: Keystroke) -> bool {
2863        let keystroke = keystroke.with_simulated_ime();
2864        let result = self.dispatch_event(PlatformInput::KeyDown(KeyDownEvent {
2865            keystroke: keystroke.clone(),
2866            is_held: false,
2867        }));
2868        if !result.propagate {
2869            return true;
2870        }
2871
2872        if let Some(input) = keystroke.ime_key {
2873            if let Some(mut input_handler) = self.window.platform_window.take_input_handler() {
2874                input_handler.dispatch_input(&input, self);
2875                self.window.platform_window.set_input_handler(input_handler);
2876                return true;
2877            }
2878        }
2879
2880        false
2881    }
2882
2883    /// Represent this action as a key binding string, to display in the UI.
2884    pub fn keystroke_text_for(&self, action: &dyn Action) -> String {
2885        self.bindings_for_action(action)
2886            .into_iter()
2887            .next()
2888            .map(|binding| {
2889                binding
2890                    .keystrokes()
2891                    .iter()
2892                    .map(ToString::to_string)
2893                    .collect::<Vec<_>>()
2894                    .join(" ")
2895            })
2896            .unwrap_or_else(|| action.name().to_string())
2897    }
2898
2899    /// Dispatch a mouse or keyboard event on the window.
2900    #[profiling::function]
2901    pub fn dispatch_event(&mut self, event: PlatformInput) -> DispatchEventResult {
2902        self.window.last_input_timestamp.set(Instant::now());
2903        // Handlers may set this to false by calling `stop_propagation`.
2904        self.app.propagate_event = true;
2905        // Handlers may set this to true by calling `prevent_default`.
2906        self.window.default_prevented = false;
2907
2908        let event = match event {
2909            // Track the mouse position with our own state, since accessing the platform
2910            // API for the mouse position can only occur on the main thread.
2911            PlatformInput::MouseMove(mouse_move) => {
2912                self.window.mouse_position = mouse_move.position;
2913                self.window.modifiers = mouse_move.modifiers;
2914                PlatformInput::MouseMove(mouse_move)
2915            }
2916            PlatformInput::MouseDown(mouse_down) => {
2917                self.window.mouse_position = mouse_down.position;
2918                self.window.modifiers = mouse_down.modifiers;
2919                PlatformInput::MouseDown(mouse_down)
2920            }
2921            PlatformInput::MouseUp(mouse_up) => {
2922                self.window.mouse_position = mouse_up.position;
2923                self.window.modifiers = mouse_up.modifiers;
2924                PlatformInput::MouseUp(mouse_up)
2925            }
2926            PlatformInput::MouseExited(mouse_exited) => {
2927                self.window.modifiers = mouse_exited.modifiers;
2928                PlatformInput::MouseExited(mouse_exited)
2929            }
2930            PlatformInput::ModifiersChanged(modifiers_changed) => {
2931                self.window.modifiers = modifiers_changed.modifiers;
2932                PlatformInput::ModifiersChanged(modifiers_changed)
2933            }
2934            PlatformInput::ScrollWheel(scroll_wheel) => {
2935                self.window.mouse_position = scroll_wheel.position;
2936                self.window.modifiers = scroll_wheel.modifiers;
2937                PlatformInput::ScrollWheel(scroll_wheel)
2938            }
2939            // Translate dragging and dropping of external files from the operating system
2940            // to internal drag and drop events.
2941            PlatformInput::FileDrop(file_drop) => match file_drop {
2942                FileDropEvent::Entered { position, paths } => {
2943                    self.window.mouse_position = position;
2944                    if self.active_drag.is_none() {
2945                        self.active_drag = Some(AnyDrag {
2946                            value: Box::new(paths.clone()),
2947                            view: self.new_view(|_| paths).into(),
2948                            cursor_offset: position,
2949                        });
2950                    }
2951                    PlatformInput::MouseMove(MouseMoveEvent {
2952                        position,
2953                        pressed_button: Some(MouseButton::Left),
2954                        modifiers: Modifiers::default(),
2955                    })
2956                }
2957                FileDropEvent::Pending { position } => {
2958                    self.window.mouse_position = position;
2959                    PlatformInput::MouseMove(MouseMoveEvent {
2960                        position,
2961                        pressed_button: Some(MouseButton::Left),
2962                        modifiers: Modifiers::default(),
2963                    })
2964                }
2965                FileDropEvent::Submit { position } => {
2966                    self.activate(true);
2967                    self.window.mouse_position = position;
2968                    PlatformInput::MouseUp(MouseUpEvent {
2969                        button: MouseButton::Left,
2970                        position,
2971                        modifiers: Modifiers::default(),
2972                        click_count: 1,
2973                    })
2974                }
2975                FileDropEvent::Exited => {
2976                    self.active_drag.take();
2977                    PlatformInput::FileDrop(FileDropEvent::Exited)
2978                }
2979            },
2980            PlatformInput::KeyDown(_) | PlatformInput::KeyUp(_) => event,
2981        };
2982
2983        if let Some(any_mouse_event) = event.mouse_event() {
2984            self.dispatch_mouse_event(any_mouse_event);
2985        } else if let Some(any_key_event) = event.keyboard_event() {
2986            self.dispatch_key_event(any_key_event);
2987        }
2988
2989        DispatchEventResult {
2990            propagate: self.app.propagate_event,
2991            default_prevented: self.window.default_prevented,
2992        }
2993    }
2994
2995    fn dispatch_mouse_event(&mut self, event: &dyn Any) {
2996        let hit_test = self.window.rendered_frame.hit_test(self.mouse_position());
2997        if hit_test != self.window.mouse_hit_test {
2998            self.window.mouse_hit_test = hit_test;
2999            self.reset_cursor_style();
3000        }
3001
3002        let mut mouse_listeners = mem::take(&mut self.window.rendered_frame.mouse_listeners);
3003
3004        // Capture phase, events bubble from back to front. Handlers for this phase are used for
3005        // special purposes, such as detecting events outside of a given Bounds.
3006        for listener in &mut mouse_listeners {
3007            let listener = listener.as_mut().unwrap();
3008            listener(event, DispatchPhase::Capture, self);
3009            if !self.app.propagate_event {
3010                break;
3011            }
3012        }
3013
3014        // Bubble phase, where most normal handlers do their work.
3015        if self.app.propagate_event {
3016            for listener in mouse_listeners.iter_mut().rev() {
3017                let listener = listener.as_mut().unwrap();
3018                listener(event, DispatchPhase::Bubble, self);
3019                if !self.app.propagate_event {
3020                    break;
3021                }
3022            }
3023        }
3024
3025        self.window.rendered_frame.mouse_listeners = mouse_listeners;
3026
3027        if self.has_active_drag() {
3028            if event.is::<MouseMoveEvent>() {
3029                // If this was a mouse move event, redraw the window so that the
3030                // active drag can follow the mouse cursor.
3031                self.refresh();
3032            } else if event.is::<MouseUpEvent>() {
3033                // If this was a mouse up event, cancel the active drag and redraw
3034                // the window.
3035                self.active_drag = None;
3036                self.refresh();
3037            }
3038        }
3039    }
3040
3041    fn dispatch_key_event(&mut self, event: &dyn Any) {
3042        if self.window.dirty.get() {
3043            self.draw();
3044        }
3045
3046        let node_id = self
3047            .window
3048            .focus
3049            .and_then(|focus_id| {
3050                self.window
3051                    .rendered_frame
3052                    .dispatch_tree
3053                    .focusable_node_id(focus_id)
3054            })
3055            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
3056
3057        let dispatch_path = self
3058            .window
3059            .rendered_frame
3060            .dispatch_tree
3061            .dispatch_path(node_id);
3062
3063        if let Some(key_down_event) = event.downcast_ref::<KeyDownEvent>() {
3064            let KeymatchResult { bindings, pending } = self
3065                .window
3066                .rendered_frame
3067                .dispatch_tree
3068                .dispatch_key(&key_down_event.keystroke, &dispatch_path);
3069
3070            if pending {
3071                let mut currently_pending = self.window.pending_input.take().unwrap_or_default();
3072                if currently_pending.focus.is_some() && currently_pending.focus != self.window.focus
3073                {
3074                    currently_pending = PendingInput::default();
3075                }
3076                currently_pending.focus = self.window.focus;
3077                currently_pending
3078                    .keystrokes
3079                    .push(key_down_event.keystroke.clone());
3080                for binding in bindings {
3081                    currently_pending.bindings.push(binding);
3082                }
3083
3084                currently_pending.timer = Some(self.spawn(|mut cx| async move {
3085                    cx.background_executor.timer(Duration::from_secs(1)).await;
3086                    cx.update(move |cx| {
3087                        cx.clear_pending_keystrokes();
3088                        let Some(currently_pending) = cx.window.pending_input.take() else {
3089                            return;
3090                        };
3091                        cx.replay_pending_input(currently_pending)
3092                    })
3093                    .log_err();
3094                }));
3095
3096                self.window.pending_input = Some(currently_pending);
3097
3098                self.propagate_event = false;
3099                return;
3100            } else if let Some(currently_pending) = self.window.pending_input.take() {
3101                if bindings
3102                    .iter()
3103                    .all(|binding| !currently_pending.used_by_binding(binding))
3104                {
3105                    self.replay_pending_input(currently_pending)
3106                }
3107            }
3108
3109            if !bindings.is_empty() {
3110                self.clear_pending_keystrokes();
3111            }
3112
3113            self.propagate_event = true;
3114            for binding in bindings {
3115                self.dispatch_action_on_node(node_id, binding.action.as_ref());
3116                if !self.propagate_event {
3117                    self.dispatch_keystroke_observers(event, Some(binding.action));
3118                    return;
3119                }
3120            }
3121        }
3122
3123        self.dispatch_key_down_up_event(event, &dispatch_path);
3124        if !self.propagate_event {
3125            return;
3126        }
3127
3128        self.dispatch_modifiers_changed_event(event, &dispatch_path);
3129        if !self.propagate_event {
3130            return;
3131        }
3132
3133        self.dispatch_keystroke_observers(event, None);
3134    }
3135
3136    fn dispatch_key_down_up_event(
3137        &mut self,
3138        event: &dyn Any,
3139        dispatch_path: &SmallVec<[DispatchNodeId; 32]>,
3140    ) {
3141        // Capture phase
3142        for node_id in dispatch_path {
3143            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
3144
3145            for key_listener in node.key_listeners.clone() {
3146                key_listener(event, DispatchPhase::Capture, self);
3147                if !self.propagate_event {
3148                    return;
3149                }
3150            }
3151        }
3152
3153        // Bubble phase
3154        for node_id in dispatch_path.iter().rev() {
3155            // Handle low level key events
3156            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
3157            for key_listener in node.key_listeners.clone() {
3158                key_listener(event, DispatchPhase::Bubble, self);
3159                if !self.propagate_event {
3160                    return;
3161                }
3162            }
3163        }
3164    }
3165
3166    fn dispatch_modifiers_changed_event(
3167        &mut self,
3168        event: &dyn Any,
3169        dispatch_path: &SmallVec<[DispatchNodeId; 32]>,
3170    ) {
3171        let Some(event) = event.downcast_ref::<ModifiersChangedEvent>() else {
3172            return;
3173        };
3174        for node_id in dispatch_path.iter().rev() {
3175            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
3176            for listener in node.modifiers_changed_listeners.clone() {
3177                listener(event, self);
3178                if !self.propagate_event {
3179                    return;
3180                }
3181            }
3182        }
3183    }
3184
3185    /// Determine whether a potential multi-stroke key binding is in progress on this window.
3186    pub fn has_pending_keystrokes(&self) -> bool {
3187        self.window
3188            .rendered_frame
3189            .dispatch_tree
3190            .has_pending_keystrokes()
3191    }
3192
3193    fn replay_pending_input(&mut self, currently_pending: PendingInput) {
3194        let node_id = self
3195            .window
3196            .focus
3197            .and_then(|focus_id| {
3198                self.window
3199                    .rendered_frame
3200                    .dispatch_tree
3201                    .focusable_node_id(focus_id)
3202            })
3203            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
3204
3205        if self.window.focus != currently_pending.focus {
3206            return;
3207        }
3208
3209        let input = currently_pending.input();
3210
3211        self.propagate_event = true;
3212        for binding in currently_pending.bindings {
3213            self.dispatch_action_on_node(node_id, binding.action.as_ref());
3214            if !self.propagate_event {
3215                return;
3216            }
3217        }
3218
3219        let dispatch_path = self
3220            .window
3221            .rendered_frame
3222            .dispatch_tree
3223            .dispatch_path(node_id);
3224
3225        for keystroke in currently_pending.keystrokes {
3226            let event = KeyDownEvent {
3227                keystroke,
3228                is_held: false,
3229            };
3230
3231            self.dispatch_key_down_up_event(&event, &dispatch_path);
3232            if !self.propagate_event {
3233                return;
3234            }
3235        }
3236
3237        if !input.is_empty() {
3238            if let Some(mut input_handler) = self.window.platform_window.take_input_handler() {
3239                input_handler.dispatch_input(&input, self);
3240                self.window.platform_window.set_input_handler(input_handler)
3241            }
3242        }
3243    }
3244
3245    fn dispatch_action_on_node(&mut self, node_id: DispatchNodeId, action: &dyn Action) {
3246        let dispatch_path = self
3247            .window
3248            .rendered_frame
3249            .dispatch_tree
3250            .dispatch_path(node_id);
3251
3252        // Capture phase for global actions.
3253        self.propagate_event = true;
3254        if let Some(mut global_listeners) = self
3255            .global_action_listeners
3256            .remove(&action.as_any().type_id())
3257        {
3258            for listener in &global_listeners {
3259                listener(action.as_any(), DispatchPhase::Capture, self);
3260                if !self.propagate_event {
3261                    break;
3262                }
3263            }
3264
3265            global_listeners.extend(
3266                self.global_action_listeners
3267                    .remove(&action.as_any().type_id())
3268                    .unwrap_or_default(),
3269            );
3270
3271            self.global_action_listeners
3272                .insert(action.as_any().type_id(), global_listeners);
3273        }
3274
3275        if !self.propagate_event {
3276            return;
3277        }
3278
3279        // Capture phase for window actions.
3280        for node_id in &dispatch_path {
3281            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
3282            for DispatchActionListener {
3283                action_type,
3284                listener,
3285            } in node.action_listeners.clone()
3286            {
3287                let any_action = action.as_any();
3288                if action_type == any_action.type_id() {
3289                    listener(any_action, DispatchPhase::Capture, self);
3290
3291                    if !self.propagate_event {
3292                        return;
3293                    }
3294                }
3295            }
3296        }
3297
3298        // Bubble phase for window actions.
3299        for node_id in dispatch_path.iter().rev() {
3300            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
3301            for DispatchActionListener {
3302                action_type,
3303                listener,
3304            } in node.action_listeners.clone()
3305            {
3306                let any_action = action.as_any();
3307                if action_type == any_action.type_id() {
3308                    self.propagate_event = false; // Actions stop propagation by default during the bubble phase
3309                    listener(any_action, DispatchPhase::Bubble, self);
3310
3311                    if !self.propagate_event {
3312                        return;
3313                    }
3314                }
3315            }
3316        }
3317
3318        // Bubble phase for global actions.
3319        if let Some(mut global_listeners) = self
3320            .global_action_listeners
3321            .remove(&action.as_any().type_id())
3322        {
3323            for listener in global_listeners.iter().rev() {
3324                self.propagate_event = false; // Actions stop propagation by default during the bubble phase
3325
3326                listener(action.as_any(), DispatchPhase::Bubble, self);
3327                if !self.propagate_event {
3328                    break;
3329                }
3330            }
3331
3332            global_listeners.extend(
3333                self.global_action_listeners
3334                    .remove(&action.as_any().type_id())
3335                    .unwrap_or_default(),
3336            );
3337
3338            self.global_action_listeners
3339                .insert(action.as_any().type_id(), global_listeners);
3340        }
3341    }
3342
3343    /// Register the given handler to be invoked whenever the global of the given type
3344    /// is updated.
3345    pub fn observe_global<G: Global>(
3346        &mut self,
3347        f: impl Fn(&mut WindowContext<'_>) + 'static,
3348    ) -> Subscription {
3349        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
3350        let (subscription, activate) = self.global_observers.insert(
3351            TypeId::of::<G>(),
3352            Box::new(move |cx| window_handle.update(cx, |_, cx| f(cx)).is_ok()),
3353        );
3354        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
3355        subscription
3356    }
3357
3358    /// Focus the current window and bring it to the foreground at the platform level.
3359    pub fn activate_window(&self) {
3360        self.window.platform_window.activate();
3361    }
3362
3363    /// Minimize the current window at the platform level.
3364    pub fn minimize_window(&self) {
3365        self.window.platform_window.minimize();
3366    }
3367
3368    /// Toggle full screen status on the current window at the platform level.
3369    pub fn toggle_fullscreen(&self) {
3370        self.window.platform_window.toggle_fullscreen();
3371    }
3372
3373    /// Present a platform dialog.
3374    /// The provided message will be presented, along with buttons for each answer.
3375    /// When a button is clicked, the returned Receiver will receive the index of the clicked button.
3376    pub fn prompt(
3377        &mut self,
3378        level: PromptLevel,
3379        message: &str,
3380        detail: Option<&str>,
3381        answers: &[&str],
3382    ) -> oneshot::Receiver<usize> {
3383        let prompt_builder = self.app.prompt_builder.take();
3384        let Some(prompt_builder) = prompt_builder else {
3385            unreachable!("Re-entrant window prompting is not supported by GPUI");
3386        };
3387
3388        let receiver = match &prompt_builder {
3389            PromptBuilder::Default => self
3390                .window
3391                .platform_window
3392                .prompt(level, message, detail, answers)
3393                .unwrap_or_else(|| {
3394                    self.build_custom_prompt(&prompt_builder, level, message, detail, answers)
3395                }),
3396            PromptBuilder::Custom(_) => {
3397                self.build_custom_prompt(&prompt_builder, level, message, detail, answers)
3398            }
3399        };
3400
3401        self.app.prompt_builder = Some(prompt_builder);
3402
3403        receiver
3404    }
3405
3406    fn build_custom_prompt(
3407        &mut self,
3408        prompt_builder: &PromptBuilder,
3409        level: PromptLevel,
3410        message: &str,
3411        detail: Option<&str>,
3412        answers: &[&str],
3413    ) -> oneshot::Receiver<usize> {
3414        let (sender, receiver) = oneshot::channel();
3415        let handle = PromptHandle::new(sender);
3416        let handle = (prompt_builder)(level, message, detail, answers, handle, self);
3417        self.window.prompt = Some(handle);
3418        receiver
3419    }
3420
3421    /// Returns all available actions for the focused element.
3422    pub fn available_actions(&self) -> Vec<Box<dyn Action>> {
3423        let node_id = self
3424            .window
3425            .focus
3426            .and_then(|focus_id| {
3427                self.window
3428                    .rendered_frame
3429                    .dispatch_tree
3430                    .focusable_node_id(focus_id)
3431            })
3432            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
3433
3434        let mut actions = self
3435            .window
3436            .rendered_frame
3437            .dispatch_tree
3438            .available_actions(node_id);
3439        for action_type in self.global_action_listeners.keys() {
3440            if let Err(ix) = actions.binary_search_by_key(action_type, |a| a.as_any().type_id()) {
3441                let action = self.actions.build_action_type(action_type).ok();
3442                if let Some(action) = action {
3443                    actions.insert(ix, action);
3444                }
3445            }
3446        }
3447        actions
3448    }
3449
3450    /// Returns key bindings that invoke the given action on the currently focused element.
3451    pub fn bindings_for_action(&self, action: &dyn Action) -> Vec<KeyBinding> {
3452        self.window
3453            .rendered_frame
3454            .dispatch_tree
3455            .bindings_for_action(
3456                action,
3457                &self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.context_stack,
3458            )
3459    }
3460
3461    /// Returns any bindings that would invoke the given action on the given focus handle if it were focused.
3462    pub fn bindings_for_action_in(
3463        &self,
3464        action: &dyn Action,
3465        focus_handle: &FocusHandle,
3466    ) -> Vec<KeyBinding> {
3467        let dispatch_tree = &self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree;
3468
3469        let Some(node_id) = dispatch_tree.focusable_node_id(focus_handle.id) else {
3470            return vec![];
3471        };
3472        let context_stack: Vec<_> = dispatch_tree
3473            .dispatch_path(node_id)
3474            .into_iter()
3475            .filter_map(|node_id| dispatch_tree.node(node_id).context.clone())
3476            .collect();
3477        dispatch_tree.bindings_for_action(action, &context_stack)
3478    }
3479
3480    /// Returns a generic event listener that invokes the given listener with the view and context associated with the given view handle.
3481    pub fn listener_for<V: Render, E>(
3482        &self,
3483        view: &View<V>,
3484        f: impl Fn(&mut V, &E, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
3485    ) -> impl Fn(&E, &mut WindowContext) + 'static {
3486        let view = view.downgrade();
3487        move |e: &E, cx: &mut WindowContext| {
3488            view.update(cx, |view, cx| f(view, e, cx)).ok();
3489        }
3490    }
3491
3492    /// Returns a generic handler that invokes the given handler with the view and context associated with the given view handle.
3493    pub fn handler_for<V: Render>(
3494        &self,
3495        view: &View<V>,
3496        f: impl Fn(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
3497    ) -> impl Fn(&mut WindowContext) {
3498        let view = view.downgrade();
3499        move |cx: &mut WindowContext| {
3500            view.update(cx, |view, cx| f(view, cx)).ok();
3501        }
3502    }
3503
3504    /// Register a callback that can interrupt the closing of the current window based the returned boolean.
3505    /// If the callback returns false, the window won't be closed.
3506    pub fn on_window_should_close(&mut self, f: impl Fn(&mut WindowContext) -> bool + 'static) {
3507        let mut this = self.to_async();
3508        self.window
3509            .platform_window
3510            .on_should_close(Box::new(move || this.update(|cx| f(cx)).unwrap_or(true)))
3511    }
3512
3513    /// Register an action listener on the window for the next frame. The type of action
3514    /// is determined by the first parameter of the given listener. When the next frame is rendered
3515    /// the listener will be cleared.
3516    ///
3517    /// This is a fairly low-level method, so prefer using action handlers on elements unless you have
3518    /// a specific need to register a global listener.
3519    pub fn on_action(
3520        &mut self,
3521        action_type: TypeId,
3522        listener: impl Fn(&dyn Any, DispatchPhase, &mut WindowContext) + 'static,
3523    ) {
3524        self.window
3525            .next_frame
3526            .dispatch_tree
3527            .on_action(action_type, Rc::new(listener));
3528    }
3529}
3530
3531#[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
3532impl WindowContext<'_> {
3533    /// Returns the raw HWND handle for the window.
3534    pub fn get_raw_handle(&self) -> windows::Win32::Foundation::HWND {
3535        self.window.platform_window.get_raw_handle()
3536    }
3537}
3538
3539impl Context for WindowContext<'_> {
3540    type Result<T> = T;
3541
3542    fn new_model<T>(&mut self, build_model: impl FnOnce(&mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> T) -> Model<T>
3543    where
3544        T: 'static,
3545    {
3546        let slot = self.app.entities.reserve();
3547        let model = build_model(&mut ModelContext::new(&mut *self.app, slot.downgrade()));
3548        self.entities.insert(slot, model)
3549    }
3550
3551    fn reserve_model<T: 'static>(&mut self) -> Self::Result<crate::Reservation<T>> {
3552        self.app.reserve_model()
3553    }
3554
3555    fn insert_model<T: 'static>(
3556        &mut self,
3557        reservation: crate::Reservation<T>,
3558        build_model: impl FnOnce(&mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> T,
3559    ) -> Self::Result<Model<T>> {
3560        self.app.insert_model(reservation, build_model)
3561    }
3562
3563    fn update_model<T: 'static, R>(
3564        &mut self,
3565        model: &Model<T>,
3566        update: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> R,
3567    ) -> R {
3568        let mut entity = self.entities.lease(model);
3569        let result = update(
3570            &mut *entity,
3571            &mut ModelContext::new(&mut *self.app, model.downgrade()),
3572        );
3573        self.entities.end_lease(entity);
3574        result
3575    }
3576
3577    fn read_model<T, R>(
3578        &self,
3579        handle: &Model<T>,
3580        read: impl FnOnce(&T, &AppContext) -> R,
3581    ) -> Self::Result<R>
3582    where
3583        T: 'static,
3584    {
3585        let entity = self.entities.read(handle);
3586        read(entity, &*self.app)
3587    }
3588
3589    fn update_window<T, F>(&mut self, window: AnyWindowHandle, update: F) -> Result<T>
3590    where
3591        F: FnOnce(AnyView, &mut WindowContext<'_>) -> T,
3592    {
3593        if window == self.window.handle {
3594            let root_view = self.window.root_view.clone().unwrap();
3595            Ok(update(root_view, self))
3596        } else {
3597            window.update(self.app, update)
3598        }
3599    }
3600
3601    fn read_window<T, R>(
3602        &self,
3603        window: &WindowHandle<T>,
3604        read: impl FnOnce(View<T>, &AppContext) -> R,
3605    ) -> Result<R>
3606    where
3607        T: 'static,
3608    {
3609        if window.any_handle == self.window.handle {
3610            let root_view = self
3611                .window
3612                .root_view
3613                .clone()
3614                .unwrap()
3615                .downcast::<T>()
3616                .map_err(|_| anyhow!("the type of the window's root view has changed"))?;
3617            Ok(read(root_view, self))
3618        } else {
3619            self.app.read_window(window, read)
3620        }
3621    }
3622}
3623
3624impl VisualContext for WindowContext<'_> {
3625    fn new_view<V>(
3626        &mut self,
3627        build_view_state: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, V>) -> V,
3628    ) -> Self::Result<View<V>>
3629    where
3630        V: 'static + Render,
3631    {
3632        let slot = self.app.entities.reserve();
3633        let view = View {
3634            model: slot.clone(),
3635        };
3636        let mut cx = ViewContext::new(&mut *self.app, &mut *self.window, &view);
3637        let entity = build_view_state(&mut cx);
3638        cx.entities.insert(slot, entity);
3639
3640        // Non-generic part to avoid leaking SubscriberSet to invokers of `new_view`.
3641        fn notify_observers(cx: &mut WindowContext, tid: TypeId, view: AnyView) {
3642            cx.new_view_observers.clone().retain(&tid, |observer| {
3643                let any_view = view.clone();
3644                (observer)(any_view, cx);
3645                true
3646            });
3647        }
3648        notify_observers(self, TypeId::of::<V>(), AnyView::from(view.clone()));
3649
3650        view
3651    }
3652
3653    /// Updates the given view. Prefer calling [`View::update`] instead, which calls this method.
3654    fn update_view<T: 'static, R>(
3655        &mut self,
3656        view: &View<T>,
3657        update: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut ViewContext<'_, T>) -> R,
3658    ) -> Self::Result<R> {
3659        let mut lease = self.app.entities.lease(&view.model);
3660        let mut cx = ViewContext::new(&mut *self.app, &mut *self.window, view);
3661        let result = update(&mut *lease, &mut cx);
3662        cx.app.entities.end_lease(lease);
3663        result
3664    }
3665
3666    fn replace_root_view<V>(
3667        &mut self,
3668        build_view: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, V>) -> V,
3669    ) -> Self::Result<View<V>>
3670    where
3671        V: 'static + Render,
3672    {
3673        let view = self.new_view(build_view);
3674        self.window.root_view = Some(view.clone().into());
3675        self.refresh();
3676        view
3677    }
3678
3679    fn focus_view<V: crate::FocusableView>(&mut self, view: &View<V>) -> Self::Result<()> {
3680        self.update_view(view, |view, cx| {
3681            view.focus_handle(cx).clone().focus(cx);
3682        })
3683    }
3684
3685    fn dismiss_view<V>(&mut self, view: &View<V>) -> Self::Result<()>
3686    where
3687        V: ManagedView,
3688    {
3689        self.update_view(view, |_, cx| cx.emit(DismissEvent))
3690    }
3691}
3692
3693impl<'a> std::ops::Deref for WindowContext<'a> {
3694    type Target = AppContext;
3695
3696    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
3697        self.app
3698    }
3699}
3700
3701impl<'a> std::ops::DerefMut for WindowContext<'a> {
3702    fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
3703        self.app
3704    }
3705}
3706
3707impl<'a> Borrow<AppContext> for WindowContext<'a> {
3708    fn borrow(&self) -> &AppContext {
3709        self.app
3710    }
3711}
3712
3713impl<'a> BorrowMut<AppContext> for WindowContext<'a> {
3714    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut AppContext {
3715        self.app
3716    }
3717}
3718
3719/// This trait contains functionality that is shared across [`ViewContext`] and [`WindowContext`]
3720pub trait BorrowWindow: BorrowMut<Window> + BorrowMut<AppContext> {
3721    #[doc(hidden)]
3722    fn app_mut(&mut self) -> &mut AppContext {
3723        self.borrow_mut()
3724    }
3725
3726    #[doc(hidden)]
3727    fn app(&self) -> &AppContext {
3728        self.borrow()
3729    }
3730
3731    #[doc(hidden)]
3732    fn window(&self) -> &Window {
3733        self.borrow()
3734    }
3735
3736    #[doc(hidden)]
3737    fn window_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Window {
3738        self.borrow_mut()
3739    }
3740}
3741
3742impl Borrow<Window> for WindowContext<'_> {
3743    fn borrow(&self) -> &Window {
3744        self.window
3745    }
3746}
3747
3748impl BorrowMut<Window> for WindowContext<'_> {
3749    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Window {
3750        self.window
3751    }
3752}
3753
3754impl<T> BorrowWindow for T where T: BorrowMut<AppContext> + BorrowMut<Window> {}
3755
3756/// Provides access to application state that is specialized for a particular [`View`].
3757/// Allows you to interact with focus, emit events, etc.
3758/// ViewContext also derefs to [`WindowContext`], giving you access to all of its methods as well.
3759/// When you call [`View::update`], you're passed a `&mut V` and an `&mut ViewContext<V>`.
3760pub struct ViewContext<'a, V> {
3761    window_cx: WindowContext<'a>,
3762    view: &'a View<V>,
3763}
3764
3765impl<V> Borrow<AppContext> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
3766    fn borrow(&self) -> &AppContext {
3767        &*self.window_cx.app
3768    }
3769}
3770
3771impl<V> BorrowMut<AppContext> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
3772    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut AppContext {
3773        &mut *self.window_cx.app
3774    }
3775}
3776
3777impl<V> Borrow<Window> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
3778    fn borrow(&self) -> &Window {
3779        &*self.window_cx.window
3780    }
3781}
3782
3783impl<V> BorrowMut<Window> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
3784    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Window {
3785        &mut *self.window_cx.window
3786    }
3787}
3788
3789impl<'a, V: 'static> ViewContext<'a, V> {
3790    pub(crate) fn new(app: &'a mut AppContext, window: &'a mut Window, view: &'a View<V>) -> Self {
3791        Self {
3792            window_cx: WindowContext::new(app, window),
3793            view,
3794        }
3795    }
3796
3797    /// Get the entity_id of this view.
3798    pub fn entity_id(&self) -> EntityId {
3799        self.view.entity_id()
3800    }
3801
3802    /// Get the view pointer underlying this context.
3803    pub fn view(&self) -> &View<V> {
3804        self.view
3805    }
3806
3807    /// Get the model underlying this view.
3808    pub fn model(&self) -> &Model<V> {
3809        &self.view.model
3810    }
3811
3812    /// Access the underlying window context.
3813    pub fn window_context(&mut self) -> &mut WindowContext<'a> {
3814        &mut self.window_cx
3815    }
3816
3817    /// Sets a given callback to be run on the next frame.
3818    pub fn on_next_frame(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static)
3819    where
3820        V: 'static,
3821    {
3822        let view = self.view().clone();
3823        self.window_cx.on_next_frame(move |cx| view.update(cx, f));
3824    }
3825
3826    /// Schedules the given function to be run at the end of the current effect cycle, allowing entities
3827    /// that are currently on the stack to be returned to the app.
3828    pub fn defer(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static) {
3829        let view = self.view().downgrade();
3830        self.window_cx.defer(move |cx| {
3831            view.update(cx, f).ok();
3832        });
3833    }
3834
3835    /// Observe another model or view for changes to its state, as tracked by [`ModelContext::notify`].
3836    pub fn observe<V2, E>(
3837        &mut self,
3838        entity: &E,
3839        mut on_notify: impl FnMut(&mut V, E, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
3840    ) -> Subscription
3841    where
3842        V2: 'static,
3843        V: 'static,
3844        E: Entity<V2>,
3845    {
3846        let view = self.view().downgrade();
3847        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
3848        let entity = entity.downgrade();
3849        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
3850        self.app.new_observer(
3851            entity_id,
3852            Box::new(move |cx| {
3853                window_handle
3854                    .update(cx, |_, cx| {
3855                        if let Some(handle) = E::upgrade_from(&entity) {
3856                            view.update(cx, |this, cx| on_notify(this, handle, cx))
3857                                .is_ok()
3858                        } else {
3859                            false
3860                        }
3861                    })
3862                    .unwrap_or(false)
3863            }),
3864        )
3865    }
3866
3867    /// Subscribe to events emitted by another model or view.
3868    /// The entity to which you're subscribing must implement the [`EventEmitter`] trait.
3869    /// The callback will be invoked with a reference to the current view, a handle to the emitting entity (either a [`View`] or [`Model`]), the event, and a view context for the current view.
3870    pub fn subscribe<V2, E, Evt>(
3871        &mut self,
3872        entity: &E,
3873        mut on_event: impl FnMut(&mut V, E, &Evt, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
3874    ) -> Subscription
3875    where
3876        V2: EventEmitter<Evt>,
3877        E: Entity<V2>,
3878        Evt: 'static,
3879    {
3880        let view = self.view().downgrade();
3881        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
3882        let handle = entity.downgrade();
3883        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
3884        self.app.new_subscription(
3885            entity_id,
3886            (
3887                TypeId::of::<Evt>(),
3888                Box::new(move |event, cx| {
3889                    window_handle
3890                        .update(cx, |_, cx| {
3891                            if let Some(handle) = E::upgrade_from(&handle) {
3892                                let event = event.downcast_ref().expect("invalid event type");
3893                                view.update(cx, |this, cx| on_event(this, handle, event, cx))
3894                                    .is_ok()
3895                            } else {
3896                                false
3897                            }
3898                        })
3899                        .unwrap_or(false)
3900                }),
3901            ),
3902        )
3903    }
3904
3905    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the view is released.
3906    ///
3907    /// The callback receives a handle to the view's window. This handle may be
3908    /// invalid, if the window was closed before the view was released.
3909    pub fn on_release(
3910        &mut self,
3911        on_release: impl FnOnce(&mut V, AnyWindowHandle, &mut AppContext) + 'static,
3912    ) -> Subscription {
3913        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
3914        let (subscription, activate) = self.app.release_listeners.insert(
3915            self.view.model.entity_id,
3916            Box::new(move |this, cx| {
3917                let this = this.downcast_mut().expect("invalid entity type");
3918                on_release(this, window_handle, cx)
3919            }),
3920        );
3921        activate();
3922        subscription
3923    }
3924
3925    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the given Model or View is released.
3926    pub fn observe_release<V2, E>(
3927        &mut self,
3928        entity: &E,
3929        mut on_release: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut V2, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
3930    ) -> Subscription
3931    where
3932        V: 'static,
3933        V2: 'static,
3934        E: Entity<V2>,
3935    {
3936        let view = self.view().downgrade();
3937        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
3938        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
3939        let (subscription, activate) = self.app.release_listeners.insert(
3940            entity_id,
3941            Box::new(move |entity, cx| {
3942                let entity = entity.downcast_mut().expect("invalid entity type");
3943                let _ = window_handle.update(cx, |_, cx| {
3944                    view.update(cx, |this, cx| on_release(this, entity, cx))
3945                });
3946            }),
3947        );
3948        activate();
3949        subscription
3950    }
3951
3952    /// Indicate that this view has changed, which will invoke any observers and also mark the window as dirty.
3953    /// If this view or any of its ancestors are *cached*, notifying it will cause it or its ancestors to be redrawn.
3954    pub fn notify(&mut self) {
3955        self.window_cx.notify(self.view.entity_id());
3956    }
3957
3958    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the window is resized.
3959    pub fn observe_window_bounds(
3960        &mut self,
3961        mut callback: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
3962    ) -> Subscription {
3963        let view = self.view.downgrade();
3964        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.bounds_observers.insert(
3965            (),
3966            Box::new(move |cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| callback(view, cx)).is_ok()),
3967        );
3968        activate();
3969        subscription
3970    }
3971
3972    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the window is activated or deactivated.
3973    pub fn observe_window_activation(
3974        &mut self,
3975        mut callback: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
3976    ) -> Subscription {
3977        let view = self.view.downgrade();
3978        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.activation_observers.insert(
3979            (),
3980            Box::new(move |cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| callback(view, cx)).is_ok()),
3981        );
3982        activate();
3983        subscription
3984    }
3985
3986    /// Registers a callback to be invoked when the window appearance changes.
3987    pub fn observe_window_appearance(
3988        &mut self,
3989        mut callback: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
3990    ) -> Subscription {
3991        let view = self.view.downgrade();
3992        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.appearance_observers.insert(
3993            (),
3994            Box::new(move |cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| callback(view, cx)).is_ok()),
3995        );
3996        activate();
3997        subscription
3998    }
3999
4000    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle receives focus.
4001    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
4002    pub fn on_focus(
4003        &mut self,
4004        handle: &FocusHandle,
4005        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4006    ) -> Subscription {
4007        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4008        let focus_id = handle.id;
4009        let (subscription, activate) =
4010            self.window.new_focus_listener(Box::new(move |event, cx| {
4011                view.update(cx, |view, cx| {
4012                    if event.previous_focus_path.last() != Some(&focus_id)
4013                        && event.current_focus_path.last() == Some(&focus_id)
4014                    {
4015                        listener(view, cx)
4016                    }
4017                })
4018                .is_ok()
4019            }));
4020        self.app.defer(|_| activate());
4021        subscription
4022    }
4023
4024    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle or one of its descendants receives focus.
4025    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
4026    pub fn on_focus_in(
4027        &mut self,
4028        handle: &FocusHandle,
4029        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4030    ) -> Subscription {
4031        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4032        let focus_id = handle.id;
4033        let (subscription, activate) =
4034            self.window.new_focus_listener(Box::new(move |event, cx| {
4035                view.update(cx, |view, cx| {
4036                    if !event.previous_focus_path.contains(&focus_id)
4037                        && event.current_focus_path.contains(&focus_id)
4038                    {
4039                        listener(view, cx)
4040                    }
4041                })
4042                .is_ok()
4043            }));
4044        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
4045        subscription
4046    }
4047
4048    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle loses focus.
4049    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
4050    pub fn on_blur(
4051        &mut self,
4052        handle: &FocusHandle,
4053        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4054    ) -> Subscription {
4055        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4056        let focus_id = handle.id;
4057        let (subscription, activate) =
4058            self.window.new_focus_listener(Box::new(move |event, cx| {
4059                view.update(cx, |view, cx| {
4060                    if event.previous_focus_path.last() == Some(&focus_id)
4061                        && event.current_focus_path.last() != Some(&focus_id)
4062                    {
4063                        listener(view, cx)
4064                    }
4065                })
4066                .is_ok()
4067            }));
4068        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
4069        subscription
4070    }
4071
4072    /// Register a listener to be called when nothing in the window has focus.
4073    /// This typically happens when the node that was focused is removed from the tree,
4074    /// and this callback lets you chose a default place to restore the users focus.
4075    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
4076    pub fn on_focus_lost(
4077        &mut self,
4078        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4079    ) -> Subscription {
4080        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4081        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.focus_lost_listeners.insert(
4082            (),
4083            Box::new(move |cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| listener(view, cx)).is_ok()),
4084        );
4085        activate();
4086        subscription
4087    }
4088
4089    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle or one of its descendants loses focus.
4090    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
4091    pub fn on_focus_out(
4092        &mut self,
4093        handle: &FocusHandle,
4094        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4095    ) -> Subscription {
4096        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4097        let focus_id = handle.id;
4098        let (subscription, activate) =
4099            self.window.new_focus_listener(Box::new(move |event, cx| {
4100                view.update(cx, |view, cx| {
4101                    if event.previous_focus_path.contains(&focus_id)
4102                        && !event.current_focus_path.contains(&focus_id)
4103                    {
4104                        listener(view, cx)
4105                    }
4106                })
4107                .is_ok()
4108            }));
4109        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
4110        subscription
4111    }
4112
4113    /// Schedule a future to be run asynchronously.
4114    /// The given callback is invoked with a [`WeakView<V>`] to avoid leaking the view for a long-running process.
4115    /// It's also given an [`AsyncWindowContext`], which can be used to access the state of the view across await points.
4116    /// The returned future will be polled on the main thread.
4117    pub fn spawn<Fut, R>(
4118        &mut self,
4119        f: impl FnOnce(WeakView<V>, AsyncWindowContext) -> Fut,
4120    ) -> Task<R>
4121    where
4122        R: 'static,
4123        Fut: Future<Output = R> + 'static,
4124    {
4125        let view = self.view().downgrade();
4126        self.window_cx.spawn(|cx| f(view, cx))
4127    }
4128
4129    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the given global state changes.
4130    pub fn observe_global<G: Global>(
4131        &mut self,
4132        mut f: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
4133    ) -> Subscription {
4134        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
4135        let view = self.view().downgrade();
4136        let (subscription, activate) = self.global_observers.insert(
4137            TypeId::of::<G>(),
4138            Box::new(move |cx| {
4139                window_handle
4140                    .update(cx, |_, cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| f(view, cx)).is_ok())
4141                    .unwrap_or(false)
4142            }),
4143        );
4144        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
4145        subscription
4146    }
4147
4148    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the given Action type is dispatched to the window.
4149    pub fn on_action(
4150        &mut self,
4151        action_type: TypeId,
4152        listener: impl Fn(&mut V, &dyn Any, DispatchPhase, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4153    ) {
4154        let handle = self.view().clone();
4155        self.window_cx
4156            .on_action(action_type, move |action, phase, cx| {
4157                handle.update(cx, |view, cx| {
4158                    listener(view, action, phase, cx);
4159                })
4160            });
4161    }
4162
4163    /// Emit an event to be handled any other views that have subscribed via [ViewContext::subscribe].
4164    pub fn emit<Evt>(&mut self, event: Evt)
4165    where
4166        Evt: 'static,
4167        V: EventEmitter<Evt>,
4168    {
4169        let emitter = self.view.model.entity_id;
4170        self.app.push_effect(Effect::Emit {
4171            emitter,
4172            event_type: TypeId::of::<Evt>(),
4173            event: Box::new(event),
4174        });
4175    }
4176
4177    /// Move focus to the current view, assuming it implements [`FocusableView`].
4178    pub fn focus_self(&mut self)
4179    where
4180        V: FocusableView,
4181    {
4182        self.defer(|view, cx| view.focus_handle(cx).focus(cx))
4183    }
4184
4185    /// Convenience method for accessing view state in an event callback.
4186    ///
4187    /// Many GPUI callbacks take the form of `Fn(&E, &mut WindowContext)`,
4188    /// but it's often useful to be able to access view state in these
4189    /// callbacks. This method provides a convenient way to do so.
4190    pub fn listener<E>(
4191        &self,
4192        f: impl Fn(&mut V, &E, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4193    ) -> impl Fn(&E, &mut WindowContext) + 'static {
4194        let view = self.view().downgrade();
4195        move |e: &E, cx: &mut WindowContext| {
4196            view.update(cx, |view, cx| f(view, e, cx)).ok();
4197        }
4198    }
4199}
4200
4201impl<V> Context for ViewContext<'_, V> {
4202    type Result<U> = U;
4203
4204    fn new_model<T: 'static>(
4205        &mut self,
4206        build_model: impl FnOnce(&mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> T,
4207    ) -> Model<T> {
4208        self.window_cx.new_model(build_model)
4209    }
4210
4211    fn reserve_model<T: 'static>(&mut self) -> Self::Result<crate::Reservation<T>> {
4212        self.window_cx.reserve_model()
4213    }
4214
4215    fn insert_model<T: 'static>(
4216        &mut self,
4217        reservation: crate::Reservation<T>,
4218        build_model: impl FnOnce(&mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> T,
4219    ) -> Self::Result<Model<T>> {
4220        self.window_cx.insert_model(reservation, build_model)
4221    }
4222
4223    fn update_model<T: 'static, R>(
4224        &mut self,
4225        model: &Model<T>,
4226        update: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> R,
4227    ) -> R {
4228        self.window_cx.update_model(model, update)
4229    }
4230
4231    fn read_model<T, R>(
4232        &self,
4233        handle: &Model<T>,
4234        read: impl FnOnce(&T, &AppContext) -> R,
4235    ) -> Self::Result<R>
4236    where
4237        T: 'static,
4238    {
4239        self.window_cx.read_model(handle, read)
4240    }
4241
4242    fn update_window<T, F>(&mut self, window: AnyWindowHandle, update: F) -> Result<T>
4243    where
4244        F: FnOnce(AnyView, &mut WindowContext<'_>) -> T,
4245    {
4246        self.window_cx.update_window(window, update)
4247    }
4248
4249    fn read_window<T, R>(
4250        &self,
4251        window: &WindowHandle<T>,
4252        read: impl FnOnce(View<T>, &AppContext) -> R,
4253    ) -> Result<R>
4254    where
4255        T: 'static,
4256    {
4257        self.window_cx.read_window(window, read)
4258    }
4259}
4260
4261impl<V: 'static> VisualContext for ViewContext<'_, V> {
4262    fn new_view<W: Render + 'static>(
4263        &mut self,
4264        build_view_state: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, W>) -> W,
4265    ) -> Self::Result<View<W>> {
4266        self.window_cx.new_view(build_view_state)
4267    }
4268
4269    fn update_view<V2: 'static, R>(
4270        &mut self,
4271        view: &View<V2>,
4272        update: impl FnOnce(&mut V2, &mut ViewContext<'_, V2>) -> R,
4273    ) -> Self::Result<R> {
4274        self.window_cx.update_view(view, update)
4275    }
4276
4277    fn replace_root_view<W>(
4278        &mut self,
4279        build_view: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, W>) -> W,
4280    ) -> Self::Result<View<W>>
4281    where
4282        W: 'static + Render,
4283    {
4284        self.window_cx.replace_root_view(build_view)
4285    }
4286
4287    fn focus_view<W: FocusableView>(&mut self, view: &View<W>) -> Self::Result<()> {
4288        self.window_cx.focus_view(view)
4289    }
4290
4291    fn dismiss_view<W: ManagedView>(&mut self, view: &View<W>) -> Self::Result<()> {
4292        self.window_cx.dismiss_view(view)
4293    }
4294}
4295
4296impl<'a, V> std::ops::Deref for ViewContext<'a, V> {
4297    type Target = WindowContext<'a>;
4298
4299    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
4300        &self.window_cx
4301    }
4302}
4303
4304impl<'a, V> std::ops::DerefMut for ViewContext<'a, V> {
4305    fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
4306        &mut self.window_cx
4307    }
4308}
4309
4310// #[derive(Clone, Copy, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
4311slotmap::new_key_type! {
4312    /// A unique identifier for a window.
4313    pub struct WindowId;
4314}
4315
4316impl WindowId {
4317    /// Converts this window ID to a `u64`.
4318    pub fn as_u64(&self) -> u64 {
4319        self.0.as_ffi()
4320    }
4321}
4322
4323/// A handle to a window with a specific root view type.
4324/// Note that this does not keep the window alive on its own.
4325#[derive(Deref, DerefMut)]
4326pub struct WindowHandle<V> {
4327    #[deref]
4328    #[deref_mut]
4329    pub(crate) any_handle: AnyWindowHandle,
4330    state_type: PhantomData<V>,
4331}
4332
4333impl<V: 'static + Render> WindowHandle<V> {
4334    /// Creates a new handle from a window ID.
4335    /// This does not check if the root type of the window is `V`.
4336    pub fn new(id: WindowId) -> Self {
4337        WindowHandle {
4338            any_handle: AnyWindowHandle {
4339                id,
4340                state_type: TypeId::of::<V>(),
4341            },
4342            state_type: PhantomData,
4343        }
4344    }
4345
4346    /// Get the root view out of this window.
4347    ///
4348    /// This will fail if the window is closed or if the root view's type does not match `V`.
4349    pub fn root<C>(&self, cx: &mut C) -> Result<View<V>>
4350    where
4351        C: Context,
4352    {
4353        Flatten::flatten(cx.update_window(self.any_handle, |root_view, _| {
4354            root_view
4355                .downcast::<V>()
4356                .map_err(|_| anyhow!("the type of the window's root view has changed"))
4357        }))
4358    }
4359
4360    /// Updates the root view of this window.
4361    ///
4362    /// This will fail if the window has been closed or if the root view's type does not match
4363    pub fn update<C, R>(
4364        &self,
4365        cx: &mut C,
4366        update: impl FnOnce(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) -> R,
4367    ) -> Result<R>
4368    where
4369        C: Context,
4370    {
4371        cx.update_window(self.any_handle, |root_view, cx| {
4372            let view = root_view
4373                .downcast::<V>()
4374                .map_err(|_| anyhow!("the type of the window's root view has changed"))?;
4375            Ok(cx.update_view(&view, update))
4376        })?
4377    }
4378
4379    /// Read the root view out of this window.
4380    ///
4381    /// This will fail if the window is closed or if the root view's type does not match `V`.
4382    pub fn read<'a>(&self, cx: &'a AppContext) -> Result<&'a V> {
4383        let x = cx
4384            .windows
4385            .get(self.id)
4386            .and_then(|window| {
4387                window
4388                    .as_ref()
4389                    .and_then(|window| window.root_view.clone())
4390                    .map(|root_view| root_view.downcast::<V>())
4391            })
4392            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("window not found"))?
4393            .map_err(|_| anyhow!("the type of the window's root view has changed"))?;
4394
4395        Ok(x.read(cx))
4396    }
4397
4398    /// Read the root view out of this window, with a callback
4399    ///
4400    /// This will fail if the window is closed or if the root view's type does not match `V`.
4401    pub fn read_with<C, R>(&self, cx: &C, read_with: impl FnOnce(&V, &AppContext) -> R) -> Result<R>
4402    where
4403        C: Context,
4404    {
4405        cx.read_window(self, |root_view, cx| read_with(root_view.read(cx), cx))
4406    }
4407
4408    /// Read the root view pointer off of this window.
4409    ///
4410    /// This will fail if the window is closed or if the root view's type does not match `V`.
4411    pub fn root_view<C>(&self, cx: &C) -> Result<View<V>>
4412    where
4413        C: Context,
4414    {
4415        cx.read_window(self, |root_view, _cx| root_view.clone())
4416    }
4417
4418    /// Check if this window is 'active'.
4419    ///
4420    /// Will return `None` if the window is closed or currently
4421    /// borrowed.
4422    pub fn is_active(&self, cx: &mut AppContext) -> Option<bool> {
4423        cx.update_window(self.any_handle, |_, cx| cx.is_window_active())
4424            .ok()
4425    }
4426}
4427
4428impl<V> Copy for WindowHandle<V> {}
4429
4430impl<V> Clone for WindowHandle<V> {
4431    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
4432        *self
4433    }
4434}
4435
4436impl<V> PartialEq for WindowHandle<V> {
4437    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
4438        self.any_handle == other.any_handle
4439    }
4440}
4441
4442impl<V> Eq for WindowHandle<V> {}
4443
4444impl<V> Hash for WindowHandle<V> {
4445    fn hash<H: Hasher>(&self, state: &mut H) {
4446        self.any_handle.hash(state);
4447    }
4448}
4449
4450impl<V: 'static> From<WindowHandle<V>> for AnyWindowHandle {
4451    fn from(val: WindowHandle<V>) -> Self {
4452        val.any_handle
4453    }
4454}
4455
4456unsafe impl<V> Send for WindowHandle<V> {}
4457unsafe impl<V> Sync for WindowHandle<V> {}
4458
4459/// A handle to a window with any root view type, which can be downcast to a window with a specific root view type.
4460#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
4461pub struct AnyWindowHandle {
4462    pub(crate) id: WindowId,
4463    state_type: TypeId,
4464}
4465
4466impl AnyWindowHandle {
4467    /// Get the ID of this window.
4468    pub fn window_id(&self) -> WindowId {
4469        self.id
4470    }
4471
4472    /// Attempt to convert this handle to a window handle with a specific root view type.
4473    /// If the types do not match, this will return `None`.
4474    pub fn downcast<T: 'static>(&self) -> Option<WindowHandle<T>> {
4475        if TypeId::of::<T>() == self.state_type {
4476            Some(WindowHandle {
4477                any_handle: *self,
4478                state_type: PhantomData,
4479            })
4480        } else {
4481            None
4482        }
4483    }
4484
4485    /// Updates the state of the root view of this window.
4486    ///
4487    /// This will fail if the window has been closed.
4488    pub fn update<C, R>(
4489        self,
4490        cx: &mut C,
4491        update: impl FnOnce(AnyView, &mut WindowContext<'_>) -> R,
4492    ) -> Result<R>
4493    where
4494        C: Context,
4495    {
4496        cx.update_window(self, update)
4497    }
4498
4499    /// Read the state of the root view of this window.
4500    ///
4501    /// This will fail if the window has been closed.
4502    pub fn read<T, C, R>(self, cx: &C, read: impl FnOnce(View<T>, &AppContext) -> R) -> Result<R>
4503    where
4504        C: Context,
4505        T: 'static,
4506    {
4507        let view = self
4508            .downcast::<T>()
4509            .context("the type of the window's root view has changed")?;
4510
4511        cx.read_window(&view, read)
4512    }
4513}
4514
4515/// An identifier for an [`Element`](crate::Element).
4516///
4517/// Can be constructed with a string, a number, or both, as well
4518/// as other internal representations.
4519#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
4520pub enum ElementId {
4521    /// The ID of a View element
4522    View(EntityId),
4523    /// An integer ID.
4524    Integer(usize),
4525    /// A string based ID.
4526    Name(SharedString),
4527    /// A UUID.
4528    Uuid(Uuid),
4529    /// An ID that's equated with a focus handle.
4530    FocusHandle(FocusId),
4531    /// A combination of a name and an integer.
4532    NamedInteger(SharedString, usize),
4533}
4534
4535impl Display for ElementId {
4536    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
4537        match self {
4538            ElementId::View(entity_id) => write!(f, "view-{}", entity_id)?,
4539            ElementId::Integer(ix) => write!(f, "{}", ix)?,
4540            ElementId::Name(name) => write!(f, "{}", name)?,
4541            ElementId::FocusHandle(_) => write!(f, "FocusHandle")?,
4542            ElementId::NamedInteger(s, i) => write!(f, "{}-{}", s, i)?,
4543            ElementId::Uuid(uuid) => write!(f, "{}", uuid)?,
4544        }
4545
4546        Ok(())
4547    }
4548}
4549
4550impl TryInto<SharedString> for ElementId {
4551    type Error = anyhow::Error;
4552
4553    fn try_into(self) -> anyhow::Result<SharedString> {
4554        if let ElementId::Name(name) = self {
4555            Ok(name)
4556        } else {
4557            Err(anyhow!("element id is not string"))
4558        }
4559    }
4560}
4561
4562impl From<usize> for ElementId {
4563    fn from(id: usize) -> Self {
4564        ElementId::Integer(id)
4565    }
4566}
4567
4568impl From<i32> for ElementId {
4569    fn from(id: i32) -> Self {
4570        Self::Integer(id as usize)
4571    }
4572}
4573
4574impl From<SharedString> for ElementId {
4575    fn from(name: SharedString) -> Self {
4576        ElementId::Name(name)
4577    }
4578}
4579
4580impl From<&'static str> for ElementId {
4581    fn from(name: &'static str) -> Self {
4582        ElementId::Name(name.into())
4583    }
4584}
4585
4586impl<'a> From<&'a FocusHandle> for ElementId {
4587    fn from(handle: &'a FocusHandle) -> Self {
4588        ElementId::FocusHandle(handle.id)
4589    }
4590}
4591
4592impl From<(&'static str, EntityId)> for ElementId {
4593    fn from((name, id): (&'static str, EntityId)) -> Self {
4594        ElementId::NamedInteger(name.into(), id.as_u64() as usize)
4595    }
4596}
4597
4598impl From<(&'static str, usize)> for ElementId {
4599    fn from((name, id): (&'static str, usize)) -> Self {
4600        ElementId::NamedInteger(name.into(), id)
4601    }
4602}
4603
4604impl From<(&'static str, u64)> for ElementId {
4605    fn from((name, id): (&'static str, u64)) -> Self {
4606        ElementId::NamedInteger(name.into(), id as usize)
4607    }
4608}
4609
4610impl From<Uuid> for ElementId {
4611    fn from(value: Uuid) -> Self {
4612        Self::Uuid(value)
4613    }
4614}
4615
4616impl From<(&'static str, u32)> for ElementId {
4617    fn from((name, id): (&'static str, u32)) -> Self {
4618        ElementId::NamedInteger(name.into(), id as usize)
4619    }
4620}
4621
4622/// A rectangle to be rendered in the window at the given position and size.
4623/// Passed as an argument [`WindowContext::paint_quad`].
4624#[derive(Clone)]
4625pub struct PaintQuad {
4626    /// The bounds of the quad within the window.
4627    pub bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
4628    /// The radii of the quad's corners.
4629    pub corner_radii: Corners<Pixels>,
4630    /// The background color of the quad.
4631    pub background: Hsla,
4632    /// The widths of the quad's borders.
4633    pub border_widths: Edges<Pixels>,
4634    /// The color of the quad's borders.
4635    pub border_color: Hsla,
4636}
4637
4638impl PaintQuad {
4639    /// Sets the corner radii of the quad.
4640    pub fn corner_radii(self, corner_radii: impl Into<Corners<Pixels>>) -> Self {
4641        PaintQuad {
4642            corner_radii: corner_radii.into(),
4643            ..self
4644        }
4645    }
4646
4647    /// Sets the border widths of the quad.
4648    pub fn border_widths(self, border_widths: impl Into<Edges<Pixels>>) -> Self {
4649        PaintQuad {
4650            border_widths: border_widths.into(),
4651            ..self
4652        }
4653    }
4654
4655    /// Sets the border color of the quad.
4656    pub fn border_color(self, border_color: impl Into<Hsla>) -> Self {
4657        PaintQuad {
4658            border_color: border_color.into(),
4659            ..self
4660        }
4661    }
4662
4663    /// Sets the background color of the quad.
4664    pub fn background(self, background: impl Into<Hsla>) -> Self {
4665        PaintQuad {
4666            background: background.into(),
4667            ..self
4668        }
4669    }
4670}
4671
4672/// Creates a quad with the given parameters.
4673pub fn quad(
4674    bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
4675    corner_radii: impl Into<Corners<Pixels>>,
4676    background: impl Into<Hsla>,
4677    border_widths: impl Into<Edges<Pixels>>,
4678    border_color: impl Into<Hsla>,
4679) -> PaintQuad {
4680    PaintQuad {
4681        bounds,
4682        corner_radii: corner_radii.into(),
4683        background: background.into(),
4684        border_widths: border_widths.into(),
4685        border_color: border_color.into(),
4686    }
4687}
4688
4689/// Creates a filled quad with the given bounds and background color.
4690pub fn fill(bounds: impl Into<Bounds<Pixels>>, background: impl Into<Hsla>) -> PaintQuad {
4691    PaintQuad {
4692        bounds: bounds.into(),
4693        corner_radii: (0.).into(),
4694        background: background.into(),
4695        border_widths: (0.).into(),
4696        border_color: transparent_black(),
4697    }
4698}
4699
4700/// Creates a rectangle outline with the given bounds, border color, and a 1px border width
4701pub fn outline(bounds: impl Into<Bounds<Pixels>>, border_color: impl Into<Hsla>) -> PaintQuad {
4702    PaintQuad {
4703        bounds: bounds.into(),
4704        corner_radii: (0.).into(),
4705        background: transparent_black(),
4706        border_widths: (1.).into(),
4707        border_color: border_color.into(),
4708    }
4709}