window.rs

   1use crate::{
   2    key_dispatch::DispatchActionListener, px, size, Action, AnyDrag, AnyView, AppContext,
   3    AsyncWindowContext, AvailableSpace, Bounds, BoxShadow, Context, Corners, CursorStyle,
   4    DevicePixels, DispatchNodeId, DispatchTree, DisplayId, Edges, Effect, Entity, EntityId,
   5    EventEmitter, FileDropEvent, Flatten, FocusEvent, FontId, GlobalElementId, GlyphId, Hsla,
   6    ImageData, InputEvent, IsZero, KeyBinding, KeyContext, KeyDownEvent, KeystrokeEvent, LayoutId,
   7    Model, ModelContext, Modifiers, MonochromeSprite, MouseButton, MouseMoveEvent, MouseUpEvent,
   8    Path, Pixels, PlatformAtlas, PlatformDisplay, PlatformInputHandler, PlatformWindow, Point,
   9    PolychromeSprite, PromptLevel, Quad, Render, RenderGlyphParams, RenderImageParams,
  10    RenderSvgParams, ScaledPixels, SceneBuilder, Shadow, SharedString, Size, Style, SubscriberSet,
  11    Subscription, Surface, TaffyLayoutEngine, Task, Underline, UnderlineStyle, View, VisualContext,
  12    WeakView, WindowBounds, WindowOptions, SUBPIXEL_VARIANTS,
  13};
  14use anyhow::{anyhow, Context as _, Result};
  15use collections::HashMap;
  16use derive_more::{Deref, DerefMut};
  17use futures::{
  18    channel::{mpsc, oneshot},
  19    StreamExt,
  20};
  21use media::core_video::CVImageBuffer;
  22use parking_lot::RwLock;
  23use slotmap::SlotMap;
  24use smallvec::SmallVec;
  25use std::{
  26    any::{Any, TypeId},
  27    borrow::{Borrow, BorrowMut, Cow},
  28    fmt::Debug,
  29    future::Future,
  30    hash::{Hash, Hasher},
  31    marker::PhantomData,
  32    mem,
  33    rc::Rc,
  34    sync::{
  35        atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering::SeqCst},
  36        Arc,
  37    },
  38};
  39use util::ResultExt;
  40
  41/// A global stacking order, which is created by stacking successive z-index values.
  42/// Each z-index will always be interpreted in the context of its parent z-index.
  43#[derive(Deref, DerefMut, Ord, PartialOrd, Eq, PartialEq, Clone, Default, Debug)]
  44pub struct StackingOrder(pub(crate) SmallVec<[u32; 16]>);
  45
  46/// Represents the two different phases when dispatching events.
  47#[derive(Default, Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
  48pub enum DispatchPhase {
  49    /// After the capture phase comes the bubble phase, in which mouse event listeners are
  50    /// invoked front to back and keyboard event listeners are invoked from the focused element
  51    /// to the root of the element tree. This is the phase you'll most commonly want to use when
  52    /// registering event listeners.
  53    #[default]
  54    Bubble,
  55    /// During the initial capture phase, mouse event listeners are invoked back to front, and keyboard
  56    /// listeners are invoked from the root of the tree downward toward the focused element. This phase
  57    /// is used for special purposes such as clearing the "pressed" state for click events. If
  58    /// you stop event propagation during this phase, you need to know what you're doing. Handlers
  59    /// outside of the immediate region may rely on detecting non-local events during this phase.
  60    Capture,
  61}
  62
  63type AnyObserver = Box<dyn FnMut(&mut WindowContext) -> bool + 'static>;
  64type AnyMouseListener = Box<dyn FnMut(&dyn Any, DispatchPhase, &mut WindowContext) + 'static>;
  65type AnyFocusListener = Box<dyn Fn(&FocusEvent, &mut WindowContext) + 'static>;
  66type AnyWindowFocusListener = Box<dyn FnMut(&FocusEvent, &mut WindowContext) -> bool + 'static>;
  67
  68slotmap::new_key_type! { pub struct FocusId; }
  69
  70impl FocusId {
  71    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle is currently focused.
  72    pub fn is_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
  73        cx.window.focus == Some(*self)
  74    }
  75
  76    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle contains the focused
  77    /// element or is itself focused.
  78    pub fn contains_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
  79        cx.focused()
  80            .map_or(false, |focused| self.contains(focused.id, cx))
  81    }
  82
  83    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle is contained within the
  84    /// focused element or is itself focused.
  85    pub fn within_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
  86        let focused = cx.focused();
  87        focused.map_or(false, |focused| focused.id.contains(*self, cx))
  88    }
  89
  90    /// Obtains whether this handle contains the given handle in the most recently rendered frame.
  91    pub(crate) fn contains(&self, other: Self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
  92        cx.window
  93            .rendered_frame
  94            .dispatch_tree
  95            .focus_contains(*self, other)
  96    }
  97}
  98
  99/// A handle which can be used to track and manipulate the focused element in a window.
 100pub struct FocusHandle {
 101    pub(crate) id: FocusId,
 102    handles: Arc<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>,
 103}
 104
 105impl std::fmt::Debug for FocusHandle {
 106    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
 107        f.write_fmt(format_args!("FocusHandle({:?})", self.id))
 108    }
 109}
 110
 111impl FocusHandle {
 112    pub(crate) fn new(handles: &Arc<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>) -> Self {
 113        let id = handles.write().insert(AtomicUsize::new(1));
 114        Self {
 115            id,
 116            handles: handles.clone(),
 117        }
 118    }
 119
 120    pub(crate) fn for_id(
 121        id: FocusId,
 122        handles: &Arc<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>,
 123    ) -> Option<Self> {
 124        let lock = handles.read();
 125        let ref_count = lock.get(id)?;
 126        if ref_count.load(SeqCst) == 0 {
 127            None
 128        } else {
 129            ref_count.fetch_add(1, SeqCst);
 130            Some(Self {
 131                id,
 132                handles: handles.clone(),
 133            })
 134        }
 135    }
 136
 137    /// Moves the focus to the element associated with this handle.
 138    pub fn focus(&self, cx: &mut WindowContext) {
 139        cx.focus(self)
 140    }
 141
 142    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle is currently focused.
 143    pub fn is_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 144        self.id.is_focused(cx)
 145    }
 146
 147    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle contains the focused
 148    /// element or is itself focused.
 149    pub fn contains_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 150        self.id.contains_focused(cx)
 151    }
 152
 153    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle is contained within the
 154    /// focused element or is itself focused.
 155    pub fn within_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 156        self.id.within_focused(cx)
 157    }
 158
 159    /// Obtains whether this handle contains the given handle in the most recently rendered frame.
 160    pub(crate) fn contains(&self, other: &Self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 161        self.id.contains(other.id, cx)
 162    }
 163}
 164
 165impl Clone for FocusHandle {
 166    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
 167        Self::for_id(self.id, &self.handles).unwrap()
 168    }
 169}
 170
 171impl PartialEq for FocusHandle {
 172    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
 173        self.id == other.id
 174    }
 175}
 176
 177impl Eq for FocusHandle {}
 178
 179impl Drop for FocusHandle {
 180    fn drop(&mut self) {
 181        self.handles
 182            .read()
 183            .get(self.id)
 184            .unwrap()
 185            .fetch_sub(1, SeqCst);
 186    }
 187}
 188
 189/// FocusableView allows users of your view to easily
 190/// focus it (using cx.focus_view(view))
 191pub trait FocusableView: 'static + Render {
 192    fn focus_handle(&self, cx: &AppContext) -> FocusHandle;
 193}
 194
 195/// ManagedView is a view (like a Modal, Popover, Menu, etc.)
 196/// where the lifecycle of the view is handled by another view.
 197pub trait ManagedView: FocusableView + EventEmitter<DismissEvent> {}
 198
 199impl<M: FocusableView + EventEmitter<DismissEvent>> ManagedView for M {}
 200
 201pub struct DismissEvent;
 202
 203// Holds the state for a specific window.
 204pub struct Window {
 205    pub(crate) handle: AnyWindowHandle,
 206    pub(crate) removed: bool,
 207    pub(crate) platform_window: Box<dyn PlatformWindow>,
 208    display_id: DisplayId,
 209    sprite_atlas: Arc<dyn PlatformAtlas>,
 210    rem_size: Pixels,
 211    viewport_size: Size<Pixels>,
 212    layout_engine: Option<TaffyLayoutEngine>,
 213    pub(crate) root_view: Option<AnyView>,
 214    pub(crate) element_id_stack: GlobalElementId,
 215    pub(crate) rendered_frame: Frame,
 216    pub(crate) next_frame: Frame,
 217    pub(crate) focus_handles: Arc<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>,
 218    pub(crate) focus_listeners: SubscriberSet<(), AnyWindowFocusListener>,
 219    default_prevented: bool,
 220    mouse_position: Point<Pixels>,
 221    requested_cursor_style: Option<CursorStyle>,
 222    scale_factor: f32,
 223    bounds: WindowBounds,
 224    bounds_observers: SubscriberSet<(), AnyObserver>,
 225    active: bool,
 226    activation_observers: SubscriberSet<(), AnyObserver>,
 227    pub(crate) dirty: bool,
 228    pub(crate) last_blur: Option<Option<FocusId>>,
 229    pub(crate) focus: Option<FocusId>,
 230}
 231
 232pub(crate) struct ElementStateBox {
 233    inner: Box<dyn Any>,
 234    #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
 235    type_name: &'static str,
 236}
 237
 238// #[derive(Default)]
 239pub(crate) struct Frame {
 240    pub(crate) element_states: HashMap<GlobalElementId, ElementStateBox>,
 241    mouse_listeners: HashMap<TypeId, Vec<(StackingOrder, AnyMouseListener)>>,
 242    pub(crate) dispatch_tree: DispatchTree,
 243    pub(crate) focus_listeners: Vec<AnyFocusListener>,
 244    pub(crate) scene_builder: SceneBuilder,
 245    pub(crate) depth_map: Vec<(StackingOrder, Bounds<Pixels>)>,
 246    pub(crate) z_index_stack: StackingOrder,
 247    content_mask_stack: Vec<ContentMask<Pixels>>,
 248    element_offset_stack: Vec<Point<Pixels>>,
 249}
 250
 251impl Frame {
 252    fn new(dispatch_tree: DispatchTree) -> Self {
 253        Frame {
 254            element_states: HashMap::default(),
 255            mouse_listeners: HashMap::default(),
 256            dispatch_tree,
 257            focus_listeners: Vec::new(),
 258            scene_builder: SceneBuilder::default(),
 259            z_index_stack: StackingOrder::default(),
 260            depth_map: Default::default(),
 261            content_mask_stack: Vec::new(),
 262            element_offset_stack: Vec::new(),
 263        }
 264    }
 265
 266    fn clear(&mut self) {
 267        self.element_states.clear();
 268        self.mouse_listeners.values_mut().for_each(Vec::clear);
 269        self.focus_listeners.clear();
 270        self.dispatch_tree.clear();
 271        self.depth_map.clear();
 272    }
 273}
 274
 275impl Window {
 276    pub(crate) fn new(
 277        handle: AnyWindowHandle,
 278        options: WindowOptions,
 279        cx: &mut AppContext,
 280    ) -> Self {
 281        let platform_window = cx.platform.open_window(handle, options);
 282        let display_id = platform_window.display().id();
 283        let sprite_atlas = platform_window.sprite_atlas();
 284        let mouse_position = platform_window.mouse_position();
 285        let content_size = platform_window.content_size();
 286        let scale_factor = platform_window.scale_factor();
 287        let bounds = platform_window.bounds();
 288
 289        platform_window.on_resize(Box::new({
 290            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 291            move |_, _| {
 292                handle
 293                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.window_bounds_changed())
 294                    .log_err();
 295            }
 296        }));
 297        platform_window.on_moved(Box::new({
 298            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 299            move || {
 300                handle
 301                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.window_bounds_changed())
 302                    .log_err();
 303            }
 304        }));
 305        platform_window.on_active_status_change(Box::new({
 306            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 307            move |active| {
 308                handle
 309                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| {
 310                        cx.window.active = active;
 311                        cx.window
 312                            .activation_observers
 313                            .clone()
 314                            .retain(&(), |callback| callback(cx));
 315                    })
 316                    .log_err();
 317            }
 318        }));
 319
 320        platform_window.on_input({
 321            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 322            Box::new(move |event| {
 323                handle
 324                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.dispatch_event(event))
 325                    .log_err()
 326                    .unwrap_or(false)
 327            })
 328        });
 329
 330        Window {
 331            handle,
 332            removed: false,
 333            platform_window,
 334            display_id,
 335            sprite_atlas,
 336            rem_size: px(16.),
 337            viewport_size: content_size,
 338            layout_engine: Some(TaffyLayoutEngine::new()),
 339            root_view: None,
 340            element_id_stack: GlobalElementId::default(),
 341            rendered_frame: Frame::new(DispatchTree::new(cx.keymap.clone(), cx.actions.clone())),
 342            next_frame: Frame::new(DispatchTree::new(cx.keymap.clone(), cx.actions.clone())),
 343            focus_handles: Arc::new(RwLock::new(SlotMap::with_key())),
 344            focus_listeners: SubscriberSet::new(),
 345            default_prevented: true,
 346            mouse_position,
 347            requested_cursor_style: None,
 348            scale_factor,
 349            bounds,
 350            bounds_observers: SubscriberSet::new(),
 351            active: false,
 352            activation_observers: SubscriberSet::new(),
 353            dirty: true,
 354            last_blur: None,
 355            focus: None,
 356        }
 357    }
 358}
 359
 360/// Indicates which region of the window is visible. Content falling outside of this mask will not be
 361/// rendered. Currently, only rectangular content masks are supported, but we give the mask its own type
 362/// to leave room to support more complex shapes in the future.
 363#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
 364#[repr(C)]
 365pub struct ContentMask<P: Clone + Default + Debug> {
 366    pub bounds: Bounds<P>,
 367}
 368
 369impl ContentMask<Pixels> {
 370    /// Scale the content mask's pixel units by the given scaling factor.
 371    pub fn scale(&self, factor: f32) -> ContentMask<ScaledPixels> {
 372        ContentMask {
 373            bounds: self.bounds.scale(factor),
 374        }
 375    }
 376
 377    /// Intersect the content mask with the given content mask.
 378    pub fn intersect(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
 379        let bounds = self.bounds.intersect(&other.bounds);
 380        ContentMask { bounds }
 381    }
 382}
 383
 384/// Provides access to application state in the context of a single window. Derefs
 385/// to an `AppContext`, so you can also pass a `WindowContext` to any method that takes
 386/// an `AppContext` and call any `AppContext` methods.
 387pub struct WindowContext<'a> {
 388    pub(crate) app: &'a mut AppContext,
 389    pub(crate) window: &'a mut Window,
 390}
 391
 392impl<'a> WindowContext<'a> {
 393    pub(crate) fn new(app: &'a mut AppContext, window: &'a mut Window) -> Self {
 394        Self { app, window }
 395    }
 396
 397    /// Obtain a handle to the window that belongs to this context.
 398    pub fn window_handle(&self) -> AnyWindowHandle {
 399        self.window.handle
 400    }
 401
 402    /// Mark the window as dirty, scheduling it to be redrawn on the next frame.
 403    pub fn notify(&mut self) {
 404        self.window.dirty = true;
 405    }
 406
 407    /// Close this window.
 408    pub fn remove_window(&mut self) {
 409        self.window.removed = true;
 410    }
 411
 412    /// Obtain a new `FocusHandle`, which allows you to track and manipulate the keyboard focus
 413    /// for elements rendered within this window.
 414    pub fn focus_handle(&mut self) -> FocusHandle {
 415        FocusHandle::new(&self.window.focus_handles)
 416    }
 417
 418    /// Obtain the currently focused `FocusHandle`. If no elements are focused, returns `None`.
 419    pub fn focused(&self) -> Option<FocusHandle> {
 420        self.window
 421            .focus
 422            .and_then(|id| FocusHandle::for_id(id, &self.window.focus_handles))
 423    }
 424
 425    /// Move focus to the element associated with the given `FocusHandle`.
 426    pub fn focus(&mut self, handle: &FocusHandle) {
 427        if self.window.focus == Some(handle.id) {
 428            return;
 429        }
 430
 431        let focus_id = handle.id;
 432
 433        if self.window.last_blur.is_none() {
 434            self.window.last_blur = Some(self.window.focus);
 435        }
 436
 437        self.window.focus = Some(focus_id);
 438        self.window
 439            .rendered_frame
 440            .dispatch_tree
 441            .clear_pending_keystrokes();
 442        self.app.push_effect(Effect::FocusChanged {
 443            window_handle: self.window.handle,
 444            focused: Some(focus_id),
 445        });
 446        self.notify();
 447    }
 448
 449    /// Remove focus from all elements within this context's window.
 450    pub fn blur(&mut self) {
 451        if self.window.last_blur.is_none() {
 452            self.window.last_blur = Some(self.window.focus);
 453        }
 454
 455        self.window.focus = None;
 456        self.app.push_effect(Effect::FocusChanged {
 457            window_handle: self.window.handle,
 458            focused: None,
 459        });
 460        self.notify();
 461    }
 462
 463    pub fn dispatch_action(&mut self, action: Box<dyn Action>) {
 464        let focus_handle = self.focused();
 465
 466        self.defer(move |cx| {
 467            let node_id = focus_handle
 468                .and_then(|handle| {
 469                    cx.window
 470                        .rendered_frame
 471                        .dispatch_tree
 472                        .focusable_node_id(handle.id)
 473                })
 474                .unwrap_or_else(|| cx.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
 475
 476            cx.propagate_event = true;
 477            cx.dispatch_action_on_node(node_id, action);
 478        })
 479    }
 480
 481    pub(crate) fn dispatch_keystroke_observers(
 482        &mut self,
 483        event: &dyn Any,
 484        action: Option<Box<dyn Action>>,
 485    ) {
 486        let Some(key_down_event) = event.downcast_ref::<KeyDownEvent>() else {
 487            return;
 488        };
 489
 490        self.keystroke_observers
 491            .clone()
 492            .retain(&(), move |callback| {
 493                (callback)(
 494                    &KeystrokeEvent {
 495                        keystroke: key_down_event.keystroke.clone(),
 496                        action: action.as_ref().map(|action| action.boxed_clone()),
 497                    },
 498                    self,
 499                );
 500                true
 501            });
 502    }
 503
 504    /// Schedules the given function to be run at the end of the current effect cycle, allowing entities
 505    /// that are currently on the stack to be returned to the app.
 506    pub fn defer(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut WindowContext) + 'static) {
 507        let handle = self.window.handle;
 508        self.app.defer(move |cx| {
 509            handle.update(cx, |_, cx| f(cx)).ok();
 510        });
 511    }
 512
 513    pub fn subscribe<Emitter, E, Evt>(
 514        &mut self,
 515        entity: &E,
 516        mut on_event: impl FnMut(E, &Evt, &mut WindowContext<'_>) + 'static,
 517    ) -> Subscription
 518    where
 519        Emitter: EventEmitter<Evt>,
 520        E: Entity<Emitter>,
 521        Evt: 'static,
 522    {
 523        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
 524        let entity = entity.downgrade();
 525        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
 526        let (subscription, activate) = self.app.event_listeners.insert(
 527            entity_id,
 528            (
 529                TypeId::of::<Evt>(),
 530                Box::new(move |event, cx| {
 531                    window_handle
 532                        .update(cx, |_, cx| {
 533                            if let Some(handle) = E::upgrade_from(&entity) {
 534                                let event = event.downcast_ref().expect("invalid event type");
 535                                on_event(handle, event, cx);
 536                                true
 537                            } else {
 538                                false
 539                            }
 540                        })
 541                        .unwrap_or(false)
 542                }),
 543            ),
 544        );
 545        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
 546        subscription
 547    }
 548
 549    /// Create an `AsyncWindowContext`, which has a static lifetime and can be held across
 550    /// await points in async code.
 551    pub fn to_async(&self) -> AsyncWindowContext {
 552        AsyncWindowContext::new(self.app.to_async(), self.window.handle)
 553    }
 554
 555    /// Schedule the given closure to be run directly after the current frame is rendered.
 556    pub fn on_next_frame(&mut self, callback: impl FnOnce(&mut WindowContext) + 'static) {
 557        let handle = self.window.handle;
 558        let display_id = self.window.display_id;
 559
 560        if !self.frame_consumers.contains_key(&display_id) {
 561            let (tx, mut rx) = mpsc::unbounded::<()>();
 562            self.platform.set_display_link_output_callback(
 563                display_id,
 564                Box::new(move |_current_time, _output_time| _ = tx.unbounded_send(())),
 565            );
 566
 567            let consumer_task = self.app.spawn(|cx| async move {
 568                while rx.next().await.is_some() {
 569                    cx.update(|cx| {
 570                        for callback in cx
 571                            .next_frame_callbacks
 572                            .get_mut(&display_id)
 573                            .unwrap()
 574                            .drain(..)
 575                            .collect::<SmallVec<[_; 32]>>()
 576                        {
 577                            callback(cx);
 578                        }
 579                    })
 580                    .ok();
 581
 582                    // Flush effects, then stop the display link if no new next_frame_callbacks have been added.
 583
 584                    cx.update(|cx| {
 585                        if cx.next_frame_callbacks.is_empty() {
 586                            cx.platform.stop_display_link(display_id);
 587                        }
 588                    })
 589                    .ok();
 590                }
 591            });
 592            self.frame_consumers.insert(display_id, consumer_task);
 593        }
 594
 595        if self.next_frame_callbacks.is_empty() {
 596            self.platform.start_display_link(display_id);
 597        }
 598
 599        self.next_frame_callbacks
 600            .entry(display_id)
 601            .or_default()
 602            .push(Box::new(move |cx: &mut AppContext| {
 603                cx.update_window(handle, |_root_view, cx| callback(cx)).ok();
 604            }));
 605    }
 606
 607    /// Spawn the future returned by the given closure on the application thread pool.
 608    /// The closure is provided a handle to the current window and an `AsyncWindowContext` for
 609    /// use within your future.
 610    pub fn spawn<Fut, R>(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(AsyncWindowContext) -> Fut) -> Task<R>
 611    where
 612        R: 'static,
 613        Fut: Future<Output = R> + 'static,
 614    {
 615        self.app
 616            .spawn(|app| f(AsyncWindowContext::new(app, self.window.handle)))
 617    }
 618
 619    /// Update the global of the given type. The given closure is given simultaneous mutable
 620    /// access both to the global and the context.
 621    pub fn update_global<G, R>(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut G, &mut Self) -> R) -> R
 622    where
 623        G: 'static,
 624    {
 625        let mut global = self.app.lease_global::<G>();
 626        let result = f(&mut global, self);
 627        self.app.end_global_lease(global);
 628        result
 629    }
 630
 631    #[must_use]
 632    /// Add a node to the layout tree for the current frame. Takes the `Style` of the element for which
 633    /// layout is being requested, along with the layout ids of any children. This method is called during
 634    /// calls to the `Element::layout` trait method and enables any element to participate in layout.
 635    pub fn request_layout(
 636        &mut self,
 637        style: &Style,
 638        children: impl IntoIterator<Item = LayoutId>,
 639    ) -> LayoutId {
 640        self.app.layout_id_buffer.clear();
 641        self.app.layout_id_buffer.extend(children.into_iter());
 642        let rem_size = self.rem_size();
 643
 644        self.window.layout_engine.as_mut().unwrap().request_layout(
 645            style,
 646            rem_size,
 647            &self.app.layout_id_buffer,
 648        )
 649    }
 650
 651    /// Add a node to the layout tree for the current frame. Instead of taking a `Style` and children,
 652    /// this variant takes a function that is invoked during layout so you can use arbitrary logic to
 653    /// determine the element's size. One place this is used internally is when measuring text.
 654    ///
 655    /// The given closure is invoked at layout time with the known dimensions and available space and
 656    /// returns a `Size`.
 657    pub fn request_measured_layout<
 658        F: FnMut(Size<Option<Pixels>>, Size<AvailableSpace>, &mut WindowContext) -> Size<Pixels>
 659            + 'static,
 660    >(
 661        &mut self,
 662        style: Style,
 663        measure: F,
 664    ) -> LayoutId {
 665        let rem_size = self.rem_size();
 666        self.window
 667            .layout_engine
 668            .as_mut()
 669            .unwrap()
 670            .request_measured_layout(style, rem_size, measure)
 671    }
 672
 673    pub fn compute_layout(&mut self, layout_id: LayoutId, available_space: Size<AvailableSpace>) {
 674        let mut layout_engine = self.window.layout_engine.take().unwrap();
 675        layout_engine.compute_layout(layout_id, available_space, self);
 676        self.window.layout_engine = Some(layout_engine);
 677    }
 678
 679    /// Obtain the bounds computed for the given LayoutId relative to the window. This method should not
 680    /// be invoked until the paint phase begins, and will usually be invoked by GPUI itself automatically
 681    /// in order to pass your element its `Bounds` automatically.
 682    pub fn layout_bounds(&mut self, layout_id: LayoutId) -> Bounds<Pixels> {
 683        let mut bounds = self
 684            .window
 685            .layout_engine
 686            .as_mut()
 687            .unwrap()
 688            .layout_bounds(layout_id)
 689            .map(Into::into);
 690        bounds.origin += self.element_offset();
 691        bounds
 692    }
 693
 694    fn window_bounds_changed(&mut self) {
 695        self.window.scale_factor = self.window.platform_window.scale_factor();
 696        self.window.viewport_size = self.window.platform_window.content_size();
 697        self.window.bounds = self.window.platform_window.bounds();
 698        self.window.display_id = self.window.platform_window.display().id();
 699        self.window.dirty = true;
 700
 701        self.window
 702            .bounds_observers
 703            .clone()
 704            .retain(&(), |callback| callback(self));
 705    }
 706
 707    pub fn window_bounds(&self) -> WindowBounds {
 708        self.window.bounds
 709    }
 710
 711    pub fn viewport_size(&self) -> Size<Pixels> {
 712        self.window.viewport_size
 713    }
 714
 715    pub fn is_window_active(&self) -> bool {
 716        self.window.active
 717    }
 718
 719    pub fn zoom_window(&self) {
 720        self.window.platform_window.zoom();
 721    }
 722
 723    pub fn set_window_title(&mut self, title: &str) {
 724        self.window.platform_window.set_title(title);
 725    }
 726
 727    pub fn display(&self) -> Option<Rc<dyn PlatformDisplay>> {
 728        self.platform
 729            .displays()
 730            .into_iter()
 731            .find(|display| display.id() == self.window.display_id)
 732    }
 733
 734    pub fn show_character_palette(&self) {
 735        self.window.platform_window.show_character_palette();
 736    }
 737
 738    /// The scale factor of the display associated with the window. For example, it could
 739    /// return 2.0 for a "retina" display, indicating that each logical pixel should actually
 740    /// be rendered as two pixels on screen.
 741    pub fn scale_factor(&self) -> f32 {
 742        self.window.scale_factor
 743    }
 744
 745    /// The size of an em for the base font of the application. Adjusting this value allows the
 746    /// UI to scale, just like zooming a web page.
 747    pub fn rem_size(&self) -> Pixels {
 748        self.window.rem_size
 749    }
 750
 751    /// Sets the size of an em for the base font of the application. Adjusting this value allows the
 752    /// UI to scale, just like zooming a web page.
 753    pub fn set_rem_size(&mut self, rem_size: impl Into<Pixels>) {
 754        self.window.rem_size = rem_size.into();
 755    }
 756
 757    /// The line height associated with the current text style.
 758    pub fn line_height(&self) -> Pixels {
 759        let rem_size = self.rem_size();
 760        let text_style = self.text_style();
 761        text_style
 762            .line_height
 763            .to_pixels(text_style.font_size.into(), rem_size)
 764    }
 765
 766    /// Call to prevent the default action of an event. Currently only used to prevent
 767    /// parent elements from becoming focused on mouse down.
 768    pub fn prevent_default(&mut self) {
 769        self.window.default_prevented = true;
 770    }
 771
 772    /// Obtain whether default has been prevented for the event currently being dispatched.
 773    pub fn default_prevented(&self) -> bool {
 774        self.window.default_prevented
 775    }
 776
 777    /// Register a mouse event listener on the window for the next frame. The type of event
 778    /// is determined by the first parameter of the given listener. When the next frame is rendered
 779    /// the listener will be cleared.
 780    ///
 781    /// This is a fairly low-level method, so prefer using event handlers on elements unless you have
 782    /// a specific need to register a global listener.
 783    pub fn on_mouse_event<Event: 'static>(
 784        &mut self,
 785        handler: impl Fn(&Event, DispatchPhase, &mut WindowContext) + 'static,
 786    ) {
 787        let order = self.window.next_frame.z_index_stack.clone();
 788        self.window
 789            .next_frame
 790            .mouse_listeners
 791            .entry(TypeId::of::<Event>())
 792            .or_default()
 793            .push((
 794                order,
 795                Box::new(move |event: &dyn Any, phase, cx| {
 796                    handler(event.downcast_ref().unwrap(), phase, cx)
 797                }),
 798            ))
 799    }
 800
 801    /// Register a key event listener on the window for the next frame. The type of event
 802    /// is determined by the first parameter of the given listener. When the next frame is rendered
 803    /// the listener will be cleared.
 804    ///
 805    /// This is a fairly low-level method, so prefer using event handlers on elements unless you have
 806    /// a specific need to register a global listener.
 807    pub fn on_key_event<Event: 'static>(
 808        &mut self,
 809        handler: impl Fn(&Event, DispatchPhase, &mut WindowContext) + 'static,
 810    ) {
 811        self.window
 812            .next_frame
 813            .dispatch_tree
 814            .on_key_event(Rc::new(move |event, phase, cx| {
 815                if let Some(event) = event.downcast_ref::<Event>() {
 816                    handler(event, phase, cx)
 817                }
 818            }));
 819    }
 820
 821    /// Register an action listener on the window for the next frame. The type of action
 822    /// is determined by the first parameter of the given listener. When the next frame is rendered
 823    /// the listener will be cleared.
 824    ///
 825    /// This is a fairly low-level method, so prefer using action handlers on elements unless you have
 826    /// a specific need to register a global listener.
 827    pub fn on_action(
 828        &mut self,
 829        action_type: TypeId,
 830        handler: impl Fn(&dyn Any, DispatchPhase, &mut WindowContext) + 'static,
 831    ) {
 832        self.window.next_frame.dispatch_tree.on_action(
 833            action_type,
 834            Rc::new(move |action, phase, cx| handler(action, phase, cx)),
 835        );
 836    }
 837
 838    pub fn is_action_available(&self, action: &dyn Action) -> bool {
 839        let target = self
 840            .focused()
 841            .and_then(|focused_handle| {
 842                self.window
 843                    .rendered_frame
 844                    .dispatch_tree
 845                    .focusable_node_id(focused_handle.id)
 846            })
 847            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
 848        self.window
 849            .rendered_frame
 850            .dispatch_tree
 851            .is_action_available(action, target)
 852    }
 853
 854    /// The position of the mouse relative to the window.
 855    pub fn mouse_position(&self) -> Point<Pixels> {
 856        self.window.mouse_position
 857    }
 858
 859    pub fn set_cursor_style(&mut self, style: CursorStyle) {
 860        self.window.requested_cursor_style = Some(style)
 861    }
 862
 863    /// Called during painting to invoke the given closure in a new stacking context. The given
 864    /// z-index is interpreted relative to the previous call to `stack`.
 865    pub fn with_z_index<R>(&mut self, z_index: u32, f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R) -> R {
 866        self.window.next_frame.z_index_stack.push(z_index);
 867        let result = f(self);
 868        self.window.next_frame.z_index_stack.pop();
 869        result
 870    }
 871
 872    /// Called during painting to track which z-index is on top at each pixel position
 873    pub fn add_opaque_layer(&mut self, bounds: Bounds<Pixels>) {
 874        let stacking_order = self.window.next_frame.z_index_stack.clone();
 875        let depth_map = &mut self.window.next_frame.depth_map;
 876        match depth_map.binary_search_by(|(level, _)| stacking_order.cmp(&level)) {
 877            Ok(i) | Err(i) => depth_map.insert(i, (stacking_order, bounds)),
 878        }
 879    }
 880
 881    /// Returns true if the top-most opaque layer painted over this point was part of the
 882    /// same layer as the given stacking order.
 883    pub fn was_top_layer(&self, point: &Point<Pixels>, level: &StackingOrder) -> bool {
 884        for (stack, bounds) in self.window.rendered_frame.depth_map.iter() {
 885            if bounds.contains_point(point) {
 886                return level.starts_with(stack) || stack.starts_with(level);
 887            }
 888        }
 889
 890        false
 891    }
 892
 893    /// Called during painting to get the current stacking order.
 894    pub fn stacking_order(&self) -> &StackingOrder {
 895        &self.window.next_frame.z_index_stack
 896    }
 897
 898    /// Paint one or more drop shadows into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
 899    pub fn paint_shadows(
 900        &mut self,
 901        bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
 902        corner_radii: Corners<Pixels>,
 903        shadows: &[BoxShadow],
 904    ) {
 905        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
 906        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
 907        let window = &mut *self.window;
 908        for shadow in shadows {
 909            let mut shadow_bounds = bounds;
 910            shadow_bounds.origin += shadow.offset;
 911            shadow_bounds.dilate(shadow.spread_radius);
 912            window.next_frame.scene_builder.insert(
 913                &window.next_frame.z_index_stack,
 914                Shadow {
 915                    order: 0,
 916                    bounds: shadow_bounds.scale(scale_factor),
 917                    content_mask: content_mask.scale(scale_factor),
 918                    corner_radii: corner_radii.scale(scale_factor),
 919                    color: shadow.color,
 920                    blur_radius: shadow.blur_radius.scale(scale_factor),
 921                },
 922            );
 923        }
 924    }
 925
 926    /// Paint one or more quads into the scene for the next frame at the current stacking context.
 927    /// Quads are colored rectangular regions with an optional background, border, and corner radius.
 928    pub fn paint_quad(
 929        &mut self,
 930        bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
 931        corner_radii: Corners<Pixels>,
 932        background: impl Into<Hsla>,
 933        border_widths: Edges<Pixels>,
 934        border_color: impl Into<Hsla>,
 935    ) {
 936        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
 937        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
 938
 939        let window = &mut *self.window;
 940        window.next_frame.scene_builder.insert(
 941            &window.next_frame.z_index_stack,
 942            Quad {
 943                order: 0,
 944                bounds: bounds.scale(scale_factor),
 945                content_mask: content_mask.scale(scale_factor),
 946                background: background.into(),
 947                border_color: border_color.into(),
 948                corner_radii: corner_radii.scale(scale_factor),
 949                border_widths: border_widths.scale(scale_factor),
 950            },
 951        );
 952    }
 953
 954    /// Paint the given `Path` into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
 955    pub fn paint_path(&mut self, mut path: Path<Pixels>, color: impl Into<Hsla>) {
 956        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
 957        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
 958        path.content_mask = content_mask;
 959        path.color = color.into();
 960        let window = &mut *self.window;
 961        window
 962            .next_frame
 963            .scene_builder
 964            .insert(&window.next_frame.z_index_stack, path.scale(scale_factor));
 965    }
 966
 967    /// Paint an underline into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
 968    pub fn paint_underline(
 969        &mut self,
 970        origin: Point<Pixels>,
 971        width: Pixels,
 972        style: &UnderlineStyle,
 973    ) {
 974        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
 975        let height = if style.wavy {
 976            style.thickness * 3.
 977        } else {
 978            style.thickness
 979        };
 980        let bounds = Bounds {
 981            origin,
 982            size: size(width, height),
 983        };
 984        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
 985        let window = &mut *self.window;
 986        window.next_frame.scene_builder.insert(
 987            &window.next_frame.z_index_stack,
 988            Underline {
 989                order: 0,
 990                bounds: bounds.scale(scale_factor),
 991                content_mask: content_mask.scale(scale_factor),
 992                thickness: style.thickness.scale(scale_factor),
 993                color: style.color.unwrap_or_default(),
 994                wavy: style.wavy,
 995            },
 996        );
 997    }
 998
 999    /// Paint a monochrome (non-emoji) glyph into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
1000    /// The y component of the origin is the baseline of the glyph.
1001    pub fn paint_glyph(
1002        &mut self,
1003        origin: Point<Pixels>,
1004        font_id: FontId,
1005        glyph_id: GlyphId,
1006        font_size: Pixels,
1007        color: Hsla,
1008    ) -> Result<()> {
1009        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
1010        let glyph_origin = origin.scale(scale_factor);
1011        let subpixel_variant = Point {
1012            x: (glyph_origin.x.0.fract() * SUBPIXEL_VARIANTS as f32).floor() as u8,
1013            y: (glyph_origin.y.0.fract() * SUBPIXEL_VARIANTS as f32).floor() as u8,
1014        };
1015        let params = RenderGlyphParams {
1016            font_id,
1017            glyph_id,
1018            font_size,
1019            subpixel_variant,
1020            scale_factor,
1021            is_emoji: false,
1022        };
1023
1024        let raster_bounds = self.text_system().raster_bounds(&params)?;
1025        if !raster_bounds.is_zero() {
1026            let tile =
1027                self.window
1028                    .sprite_atlas
1029                    .get_or_insert_with(&params.clone().into(), &mut || {
1030                        let (size, bytes) = self.text_system().rasterize_glyph(&params)?;
1031                        Ok((size, Cow::Owned(bytes)))
1032                    })?;
1033            let bounds = Bounds {
1034                origin: glyph_origin.map(|px| px.floor()) + raster_bounds.origin.map(Into::into),
1035                size: tile.bounds.size.map(Into::into),
1036            };
1037            let content_mask = self.content_mask().scale(scale_factor);
1038            let window = &mut *self.window;
1039            window.next_frame.scene_builder.insert(
1040                &window.next_frame.z_index_stack,
1041                MonochromeSprite {
1042                    order: 0,
1043                    bounds,
1044                    content_mask,
1045                    color,
1046                    tile,
1047                },
1048            );
1049        }
1050        Ok(())
1051    }
1052
1053    /// Paint an emoji glyph into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
1054    /// The y component of the origin is the baseline of the glyph.
1055    pub fn paint_emoji(
1056        &mut self,
1057        origin: Point<Pixels>,
1058        font_id: FontId,
1059        glyph_id: GlyphId,
1060        font_size: Pixels,
1061    ) -> Result<()> {
1062        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
1063        let glyph_origin = origin.scale(scale_factor);
1064        let params = RenderGlyphParams {
1065            font_id,
1066            glyph_id,
1067            font_size,
1068            // We don't render emojis with subpixel variants.
1069            subpixel_variant: Default::default(),
1070            scale_factor,
1071            is_emoji: true,
1072        };
1073
1074        let raster_bounds = self.text_system().raster_bounds(&params)?;
1075        if !raster_bounds.is_zero() {
1076            let tile =
1077                self.window
1078                    .sprite_atlas
1079                    .get_or_insert_with(&params.clone().into(), &mut || {
1080                        let (size, bytes) = self.text_system().rasterize_glyph(&params)?;
1081                        Ok((size, Cow::Owned(bytes)))
1082                    })?;
1083            let bounds = Bounds {
1084                origin: glyph_origin.map(|px| px.floor()) + raster_bounds.origin.map(Into::into),
1085                size: tile.bounds.size.map(Into::into),
1086            };
1087            let content_mask = self.content_mask().scale(scale_factor);
1088            let window = &mut *self.window;
1089
1090            window.next_frame.scene_builder.insert(
1091                &window.next_frame.z_index_stack,
1092                PolychromeSprite {
1093                    order: 0,
1094                    bounds,
1095                    corner_radii: Default::default(),
1096                    content_mask,
1097                    tile,
1098                    grayscale: false,
1099                },
1100            );
1101        }
1102        Ok(())
1103    }
1104
1105    /// Paint a monochrome SVG into the scene for the next frame at the current stacking context.
1106    pub fn paint_svg(
1107        &mut self,
1108        bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
1109        path: SharedString,
1110        color: Hsla,
1111    ) -> Result<()> {
1112        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
1113        let bounds = bounds.scale(scale_factor);
1114        // Render the SVG at twice the size to get a higher quality result.
1115        let params = RenderSvgParams {
1116            path,
1117            size: bounds
1118                .size
1119                .map(|pixels| DevicePixels::from((pixels.0 * 2.).ceil() as i32)),
1120        };
1121
1122        let tile =
1123            self.window
1124                .sprite_atlas
1125                .get_or_insert_with(&params.clone().into(), &mut || {
1126                    let bytes = self.svg_renderer.render(&params)?;
1127                    Ok((params.size, Cow::Owned(bytes)))
1128                })?;
1129        let content_mask = self.content_mask().scale(scale_factor);
1130
1131        let window = &mut *self.window;
1132        window.next_frame.scene_builder.insert(
1133            &window.next_frame.z_index_stack,
1134            MonochromeSprite {
1135                order: 0,
1136                bounds,
1137                content_mask,
1138                color,
1139                tile,
1140            },
1141        );
1142
1143        Ok(())
1144    }
1145
1146    /// Paint an image into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
1147    pub fn paint_image(
1148        &mut self,
1149        bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
1150        corner_radii: Corners<Pixels>,
1151        data: Arc<ImageData>,
1152        grayscale: bool,
1153    ) -> Result<()> {
1154        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
1155        let bounds = bounds.scale(scale_factor);
1156        let params = RenderImageParams { image_id: data.id };
1157
1158        let tile = self
1159            .window
1160            .sprite_atlas
1161            .get_or_insert_with(&params.clone().into(), &mut || {
1162                Ok((data.size(), Cow::Borrowed(data.as_bytes())))
1163            })?;
1164        let content_mask = self.content_mask().scale(scale_factor);
1165        let corner_radii = corner_radii.scale(scale_factor);
1166
1167        let window = &mut *self.window;
1168        window.next_frame.scene_builder.insert(
1169            &window.next_frame.z_index_stack,
1170            PolychromeSprite {
1171                order: 0,
1172                bounds,
1173                content_mask,
1174                corner_radii,
1175                tile,
1176                grayscale,
1177            },
1178        );
1179        Ok(())
1180    }
1181
1182    /// Paint a surface into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
1183    pub fn paint_surface(&mut self, bounds: Bounds<Pixels>, image_buffer: CVImageBuffer) {
1184        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
1185        let bounds = bounds.scale(scale_factor);
1186        let content_mask = self.content_mask().scale(scale_factor);
1187        let window = &mut *self.window;
1188        window.next_frame.scene_builder.insert(
1189            &window.next_frame.z_index_stack,
1190            Surface {
1191                order: 0,
1192                bounds,
1193                content_mask,
1194                image_buffer,
1195            },
1196        );
1197    }
1198
1199    /// Draw pixels to the display for this window based on the contents of its scene.
1200    pub(crate) fn draw(&mut self) {
1201        self.text_system().start_frame();
1202        self.window.platform_window.clear_input_handler();
1203        self.window.layout_engine.as_mut().unwrap().clear();
1204        self.window.next_frame.clear();
1205        let root_view = self.window.root_view.take().unwrap();
1206
1207        self.with_z_index(0, |cx| {
1208            cx.with_key_dispatch(Some(KeyContext::default()), None, |_, cx| {
1209                for (action_type, action_listeners) in &cx.app.global_action_listeners {
1210                    for action_listener in action_listeners.iter().cloned() {
1211                        cx.window.next_frame.dispatch_tree.on_action(
1212                            *action_type,
1213                            Rc::new(move |action, phase, cx| action_listener(action, phase, cx)),
1214                        )
1215                    }
1216                }
1217
1218                let available_space = cx.window.viewport_size.map(Into::into);
1219                root_view.draw(Point::default(), available_space, cx);
1220            })
1221        });
1222
1223        if let Some(active_drag) = self.app.active_drag.take() {
1224            self.with_z_index(1, |cx| {
1225                let offset = cx.mouse_position() - active_drag.cursor_offset;
1226                let available_space = size(AvailableSpace::MinContent, AvailableSpace::MinContent);
1227                active_drag.view.draw(offset, available_space, cx);
1228            });
1229            self.active_drag = Some(active_drag);
1230        } else if let Some(active_tooltip) = self.app.active_tooltip.take() {
1231            self.with_z_index(1, |cx| {
1232                let available_space = size(AvailableSpace::MinContent, AvailableSpace::MinContent);
1233                active_tooltip
1234                    .view
1235                    .draw(active_tooltip.cursor_offset, available_space, cx);
1236            });
1237        }
1238
1239        self.window
1240            .next_frame
1241            .dispatch_tree
1242            .preserve_pending_keystrokes(
1243                &mut self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree,
1244                self.window.focus,
1245            );
1246        self.window.root_view = Some(root_view);
1247
1248        let window = &mut self.window;
1249        mem::swap(&mut window.rendered_frame, &mut window.next_frame);
1250
1251        let scene = self.window.rendered_frame.scene_builder.build();
1252        self.window.platform_window.draw(scene);
1253        let cursor_style = self
1254            .window
1255            .requested_cursor_style
1256            .take()
1257            .unwrap_or(CursorStyle::Arrow);
1258        self.platform.set_cursor_style(cursor_style);
1259
1260        self.window.dirty = false;
1261    }
1262
1263    /// Dispatch a mouse or keyboard event on the window.
1264    pub fn dispatch_event(&mut self, event: InputEvent) -> bool {
1265        // Handlers may set this to false by calling `stop_propagation`
1266        self.app.propagate_event = true;
1267        self.window.default_prevented = false;
1268
1269        let event = match event {
1270            // Track the mouse position with our own state, since accessing the platform
1271            // API for the mouse position can only occur on the main thread.
1272            InputEvent::MouseMove(mouse_move) => {
1273                self.window.mouse_position = mouse_move.position;
1274                InputEvent::MouseMove(mouse_move)
1275            }
1276            InputEvent::MouseDown(mouse_down) => {
1277                self.window.mouse_position = mouse_down.position;
1278                InputEvent::MouseDown(mouse_down)
1279            }
1280            InputEvent::MouseUp(mouse_up) => {
1281                self.window.mouse_position = mouse_up.position;
1282                InputEvent::MouseUp(mouse_up)
1283            }
1284            // Translate dragging and dropping of external files from the operating system
1285            // to internal drag and drop events.
1286            InputEvent::FileDrop(file_drop) => match file_drop {
1287                FileDropEvent::Entered { position, files } => {
1288                    self.window.mouse_position = position;
1289                    if self.active_drag.is_none() {
1290                        self.active_drag = Some(AnyDrag {
1291                            view: self.build_view(|_| files).into(),
1292                            cursor_offset: position,
1293                        });
1294                    }
1295                    InputEvent::MouseMove(MouseMoveEvent {
1296                        position,
1297                        pressed_button: Some(MouseButton::Left),
1298                        modifiers: Modifiers::default(),
1299                    })
1300                }
1301                FileDropEvent::Pending { position } => {
1302                    self.window.mouse_position = position;
1303                    InputEvent::MouseMove(MouseMoveEvent {
1304                        position,
1305                        pressed_button: Some(MouseButton::Left),
1306                        modifiers: Modifiers::default(),
1307                    })
1308                }
1309                FileDropEvent::Submit { position } => {
1310                    self.activate(true);
1311                    self.window.mouse_position = position;
1312                    InputEvent::MouseUp(MouseUpEvent {
1313                        button: MouseButton::Left,
1314                        position,
1315                        modifiers: Modifiers::default(),
1316                        click_count: 1,
1317                    })
1318                }
1319                FileDropEvent::Exited => InputEvent::MouseUp(MouseUpEvent {
1320                    button: MouseButton::Left,
1321                    position: Point::default(),
1322                    modifiers: Modifiers::default(),
1323                    click_count: 1,
1324                }),
1325            },
1326            _ => event,
1327        };
1328
1329        if let Some(any_mouse_event) = event.mouse_event() {
1330            self.dispatch_mouse_event(any_mouse_event);
1331        } else if let Some(any_key_event) = event.keyboard_event() {
1332            self.dispatch_key_event(any_key_event);
1333        }
1334
1335        !self.app.propagate_event
1336    }
1337
1338    fn dispatch_mouse_event(&mut self, event: &dyn Any) {
1339        if let Some(mut handlers) = self
1340            .window
1341            .rendered_frame
1342            .mouse_listeners
1343            .remove(&event.type_id())
1344        {
1345            // Because handlers may add other handlers, we sort every time.
1346            handlers.sort_by(|(a, _), (b, _)| a.cmp(b));
1347
1348            // Capture phase, events bubble from back to front. Handlers for this phase are used for
1349            // special purposes, such as detecting events outside of a given Bounds.
1350            for (_, handler) in &mut handlers {
1351                handler(event, DispatchPhase::Capture, self);
1352                if !self.app.propagate_event {
1353                    break;
1354                }
1355            }
1356
1357            // Bubble phase, where most normal handlers do their work.
1358            if self.app.propagate_event {
1359                for (_, handler) in handlers.iter_mut().rev() {
1360                    handler(event, DispatchPhase::Bubble, self);
1361                    if !self.app.propagate_event {
1362                        break;
1363                    }
1364                }
1365            }
1366
1367            if self.app.propagate_event && event.downcast_ref::<MouseUpEvent>().is_some() {
1368                self.active_drag = None;
1369            }
1370
1371            self.window
1372                .rendered_frame
1373                .mouse_listeners
1374                .insert(event.type_id(), handlers);
1375        }
1376    }
1377
1378    fn dispatch_key_event(&mut self, event: &dyn Any) {
1379        let node_id = self
1380            .window
1381            .focus
1382            .and_then(|focus_id| {
1383                self.window
1384                    .rendered_frame
1385                    .dispatch_tree
1386                    .focusable_node_id(focus_id)
1387            })
1388            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
1389
1390        let dispatch_path = self
1391            .window
1392            .rendered_frame
1393            .dispatch_tree
1394            .dispatch_path(node_id);
1395
1396        let mut actions: Vec<Box<dyn Action>> = Vec::new();
1397
1398        // Capture phase
1399        let mut context_stack: SmallVec<[KeyContext; 16]> = SmallVec::new();
1400        self.propagate_event = true;
1401
1402        for node_id in &dispatch_path {
1403            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
1404
1405            if let Some(context) = node.context.clone() {
1406                context_stack.push(context);
1407            }
1408
1409            for key_listener in node.key_listeners.clone() {
1410                key_listener(event, DispatchPhase::Capture, self);
1411                if !self.propagate_event {
1412                    return;
1413                }
1414            }
1415        }
1416
1417        // Bubble phase
1418        for node_id in dispatch_path.iter().rev() {
1419            // Handle low level key events
1420            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
1421            for key_listener in node.key_listeners.clone() {
1422                key_listener(event, DispatchPhase::Bubble, self);
1423                if !self.propagate_event {
1424                    return;
1425                }
1426            }
1427
1428            // Match keystrokes
1429            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
1430            if node.context.is_some() {
1431                if let Some(key_down_event) = event.downcast_ref::<KeyDownEvent>() {
1432                    let mut new_actions = self
1433                        .window
1434                        .rendered_frame
1435                        .dispatch_tree
1436                        .dispatch_key(&key_down_event.keystroke, &context_stack);
1437                    actions.append(&mut new_actions);
1438                }
1439
1440                context_stack.pop();
1441            }
1442        }
1443
1444        for action in actions {
1445            self.dispatch_action_on_node(node_id, action.boxed_clone());
1446            if !self.propagate_event {
1447                self.dispatch_keystroke_observers(event, Some(action));
1448                return;
1449            }
1450        }
1451        self.dispatch_keystroke_observers(event, None);
1452    }
1453
1454    pub fn has_pending_keystrokes(&self) -> bool {
1455        self.window
1456            .rendered_frame
1457            .dispatch_tree
1458            .has_pending_keystrokes()
1459    }
1460
1461    fn dispatch_action_on_node(&mut self, node_id: DispatchNodeId, action: Box<dyn Action>) {
1462        let dispatch_path = self
1463            .window
1464            .rendered_frame
1465            .dispatch_tree
1466            .dispatch_path(node_id);
1467
1468        // Capture phase
1469        for node_id in &dispatch_path {
1470            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
1471            for DispatchActionListener {
1472                action_type,
1473                listener,
1474            } in node.action_listeners.clone()
1475            {
1476                let any_action = action.as_any();
1477                if action_type == any_action.type_id() {
1478                    listener(any_action, DispatchPhase::Capture, self);
1479                    if !self.propagate_event {
1480                        return;
1481                    }
1482                }
1483            }
1484        }
1485        // Bubble phase
1486        for node_id in dispatch_path.iter().rev() {
1487            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
1488            for DispatchActionListener {
1489                action_type,
1490                listener,
1491            } in node.action_listeners.clone()
1492            {
1493                let any_action = action.as_any();
1494                if action_type == any_action.type_id() {
1495                    self.propagate_event = false; // Actions stop propagation by default during the bubble phase
1496                    listener(any_action, DispatchPhase::Bubble, self);
1497                    if !self.propagate_event {
1498                        return;
1499                    }
1500                }
1501            }
1502        }
1503    }
1504
1505    /// Register the given handler to be invoked whenever the global of the given type
1506    /// is updated.
1507    pub fn observe_global<G: 'static>(
1508        &mut self,
1509        f: impl Fn(&mut WindowContext<'_>) + 'static,
1510    ) -> Subscription {
1511        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
1512        let (subscription, activate) = self.global_observers.insert(
1513            TypeId::of::<G>(),
1514            Box::new(move |cx| window_handle.update(cx, |_, cx| f(cx)).is_ok()),
1515        );
1516        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
1517        subscription
1518    }
1519
1520    pub fn activate_window(&self) {
1521        self.window.platform_window.activate();
1522    }
1523
1524    pub fn minimize_window(&self) {
1525        self.window.platform_window.minimize();
1526    }
1527
1528    pub fn toggle_full_screen(&self) {
1529        self.window.platform_window.toggle_full_screen();
1530    }
1531
1532    pub fn prompt(
1533        &self,
1534        level: PromptLevel,
1535        msg: &str,
1536        answers: &[&str],
1537    ) -> oneshot::Receiver<usize> {
1538        self.window.platform_window.prompt(level, msg, answers)
1539    }
1540
1541    pub fn available_actions(&self) -> Vec<Box<dyn Action>> {
1542        let node_id = self
1543            .window
1544            .focus
1545            .and_then(|focus_id| {
1546                self.window
1547                    .rendered_frame
1548                    .dispatch_tree
1549                    .focusable_node_id(focus_id)
1550            })
1551            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
1552
1553        self.window
1554            .rendered_frame
1555            .dispatch_tree
1556            .available_actions(node_id)
1557    }
1558
1559    pub fn bindings_for_action(&self, action: &dyn Action) -> Vec<KeyBinding> {
1560        self.window
1561            .rendered_frame
1562            .dispatch_tree
1563            .bindings_for_action(
1564                action,
1565                &self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.context_stack,
1566            )
1567    }
1568
1569    pub fn bindings_for_action_in(
1570        &self,
1571        action: &dyn Action,
1572        focus_handle: &FocusHandle,
1573    ) -> Vec<KeyBinding> {
1574        let dispatch_tree = &self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree;
1575
1576        let Some(node_id) = dispatch_tree.focusable_node_id(focus_handle.id) else {
1577            return vec![];
1578        };
1579        let context_stack = dispatch_tree
1580            .dispatch_path(node_id)
1581            .into_iter()
1582            .filter_map(|node_id| dispatch_tree.node(node_id).context.clone())
1583            .collect();
1584        dispatch_tree.bindings_for_action(action, &context_stack)
1585    }
1586
1587    pub fn listener_for<V: Render, E>(
1588        &self,
1589        view: &View<V>,
1590        f: impl Fn(&mut V, &E, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
1591    ) -> impl Fn(&E, &mut WindowContext) + 'static {
1592        let view = view.downgrade();
1593        move |e: &E, cx: &mut WindowContext| {
1594            view.update(cx, |view, cx| f(view, e, cx)).ok();
1595        }
1596    }
1597
1598    pub fn handler_for<V: Render>(
1599        &self,
1600        view: &View<V>,
1601        f: impl Fn(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
1602    ) -> impl Fn(&mut WindowContext) {
1603        let view = view.downgrade();
1604        move |cx: &mut WindowContext| {
1605            view.update(cx, |view, cx| f(view, cx)).ok();
1606        }
1607    }
1608
1609    //========== ELEMENT RELATED FUNCTIONS ===========
1610    pub fn with_key_dispatch<R>(
1611        &mut self,
1612        context: Option<KeyContext>,
1613        focus_handle: Option<FocusHandle>,
1614        f: impl FnOnce(Option<FocusHandle>, &mut Self) -> R,
1615    ) -> R {
1616        let window = &mut self.window;
1617        window.next_frame.dispatch_tree.push_node(context.clone());
1618        if let Some(focus_handle) = focus_handle.as_ref() {
1619            window
1620                .next_frame
1621                .dispatch_tree
1622                .make_focusable(focus_handle.id);
1623        }
1624        let result = f(focus_handle, self);
1625
1626        self.window.next_frame.dispatch_tree.pop_node();
1627
1628        result
1629    }
1630
1631    /// Register a focus listener for the next frame only. It will be cleared
1632    /// on the next frame render. You should use this method only from within elements,
1633    /// and we may want to enforce that better via a different context type.
1634    // todo!() Move this to `FrameContext` to emphasize its individuality?
1635    pub fn on_focus_changed(
1636        &mut self,
1637        listener: impl Fn(&FocusEvent, &mut WindowContext) + 'static,
1638    ) {
1639        self.window
1640            .next_frame
1641            .focus_listeners
1642            .push(Box::new(move |event, cx| {
1643                listener(event, cx);
1644            }));
1645    }
1646
1647    /// Set an input handler, such as [ElementInputHandler], which interfaces with the
1648    /// platform to receive textual input with proper integration with concerns such
1649    /// as IME interactions.
1650    pub fn handle_input(
1651        &mut self,
1652        focus_handle: &FocusHandle,
1653        input_handler: impl PlatformInputHandler,
1654    ) {
1655        if focus_handle.is_focused(self) {
1656            self.window
1657                .platform_window
1658                .set_input_handler(Box::new(input_handler));
1659        }
1660    }
1661
1662    pub fn on_window_should_close(&mut self, f: impl Fn(&mut WindowContext) -> bool + 'static) {
1663        let mut this = self.to_async();
1664        self.window
1665            .platform_window
1666            .on_should_close(Box::new(move || this.update(|_, cx| f(cx)).unwrap_or(true)))
1667    }
1668}
1669
1670impl Context for WindowContext<'_> {
1671    type Result<T> = T;
1672
1673    fn build_model<T>(
1674        &mut self,
1675        build_model: impl FnOnce(&mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> T,
1676    ) -> Model<T>
1677    where
1678        T: 'static,
1679    {
1680        let slot = self.app.entities.reserve();
1681        let model = build_model(&mut ModelContext::new(&mut *self.app, slot.downgrade()));
1682        self.entities.insert(slot, model)
1683    }
1684
1685    fn update_model<T: 'static, R>(
1686        &mut self,
1687        model: &Model<T>,
1688        update: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> R,
1689    ) -> R {
1690        let mut entity = self.entities.lease(model);
1691        let result = update(
1692            &mut *entity,
1693            &mut ModelContext::new(&mut *self.app, model.downgrade()),
1694        );
1695        self.entities.end_lease(entity);
1696        result
1697    }
1698
1699    fn update_window<T, F>(&mut self, window: AnyWindowHandle, update: F) -> Result<T>
1700    where
1701        F: FnOnce(AnyView, &mut WindowContext<'_>) -> T,
1702    {
1703        if window == self.window.handle {
1704            let root_view = self.window.root_view.clone().unwrap();
1705            Ok(update(root_view, self))
1706        } else {
1707            window.update(self.app, update)
1708        }
1709    }
1710
1711    fn read_model<T, R>(
1712        &self,
1713        handle: &Model<T>,
1714        read: impl FnOnce(&T, &AppContext) -> R,
1715    ) -> Self::Result<R>
1716    where
1717        T: 'static,
1718    {
1719        let entity = self.entities.read(handle);
1720        read(&*entity, &*self.app)
1721    }
1722
1723    fn read_window<T, R>(
1724        &self,
1725        window: &WindowHandle<T>,
1726        read: impl FnOnce(View<T>, &AppContext) -> R,
1727    ) -> Result<R>
1728    where
1729        T: 'static,
1730    {
1731        if window.any_handle == self.window.handle {
1732            let root_view = self
1733                .window
1734                .root_view
1735                .clone()
1736                .unwrap()
1737                .downcast::<T>()
1738                .map_err(|_| anyhow!("the type of the window's root view has changed"))?;
1739            Ok(read(root_view, self))
1740        } else {
1741            self.app.read_window(window, read)
1742        }
1743    }
1744}
1745
1746impl VisualContext for WindowContext<'_> {
1747    fn build_view<V>(
1748        &mut self,
1749        build_view_state: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, V>) -> V,
1750    ) -> Self::Result<View<V>>
1751    where
1752        V: 'static + Render,
1753    {
1754        let slot = self.app.entities.reserve();
1755        let view = View {
1756            model: slot.clone(),
1757        };
1758        let mut cx = ViewContext::new(&mut *self.app, &mut *self.window, &view);
1759        let entity = build_view_state(&mut cx);
1760        cx.entities.insert(slot, entity);
1761
1762        cx.new_view_observers
1763            .clone()
1764            .retain(&TypeId::of::<V>(), |observer| {
1765                let any_view = AnyView::from(view.clone());
1766                (observer)(any_view, self);
1767                true
1768            });
1769
1770        view
1771    }
1772
1773    /// Update the given view. Prefer calling `View::update` instead, which calls this method.
1774    fn update_view<T: 'static, R>(
1775        &mut self,
1776        view: &View<T>,
1777        update: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut ViewContext<'_, T>) -> R,
1778    ) -> Self::Result<R> {
1779        let mut lease = self.app.entities.lease(&view.model);
1780        let mut cx = ViewContext::new(&mut *self.app, &mut *self.window, &view);
1781        let result = update(&mut *lease, &mut cx);
1782        cx.app.entities.end_lease(lease);
1783        result
1784    }
1785
1786    fn replace_root_view<V>(
1787        &mut self,
1788        build_view: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, V>) -> V,
1789    ) -> Self::Result<View<V>>
1790    where
1791        V: 'static + Render,
1792    {
1793        let slot = self.app.entities.reserve();
1794        let view = View {
1795            model: slot.clone(),
1796        };
1797        let mut cx = ViewContext::new(&mut *self.app, &mut *self.window, &view);
1798        let entity = build_view(&mut cx);
1799        self.entities.insert(slot, entity);
1800        self.window.root_view = Some(view.clone().into());
1801        view
1802    }
1803
1804    fn focus_view<V: crate::FocusableView>(&mut self, view: &View<V>) -> Self::Result<()> {
1805        self.update_view(view, |view, cx| {
1806            view.focus_handle(cx).clone().focus(cx);
1807        })
1808    }
1809
1810    fn dismiss_view<V>(&mut self, view: &View<V>) -> Self::Result<()>
1811    where
1812        V: ManagedView,
1813    {
1814        self.update_view(view, |_, cx| cx.emit(DismissEvent))
1815    }
1816}
1817
1818impl<'a> std::ops::Deref for WindowContext<'a> {
1819    type Target = AppContext;
1820
1821    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
1822        &self.app
1823    }
1824}
1825
1826impl<'a> std::ops::DerefMut for WindowContext<'a> {
1827    fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
1828        &mut self.app
1829    }
1830}
1831
1832impl<'a> Borrow<AppContext> for WindowContext<'a> {
1833    fn borrow(&self) -> &AppContext {
1834        &self.app
1835    }
1836}
1837
1838impl<'a> BorrowMut<AppContext> for WindowContext<'a> {
1839    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut AppContext {
1840        &mut self.app
1841    }
1842}
1843
1844pub trait BorrowWindow: BorrowMut<Window> + BorrowMut<AppContext> {
1845    fn app_mut(&mut self) -> &mut AppContext {
1846        self.borrow_mut()
1847    }
1848
1849    fn app(&self) -> &AppContext {
1850        self.borrow()
1851    }
1852
1853    fn window(&self) -> &Window {
1854        self.borrow()
1855    }
1856
1857    fn window_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Window {
1858        self.borrow_mut()
1859    }
1860
1861    /// Pushes the given element id onto the global stack and invokes the given closure
1862    /// with a `GlobalElementId`, which disambiguates the given id in the context of its ancestor
1863    /// ids. Because elements are discarded and recreated on each frame, the `GlobalElementId` is
1864    /// used to associate state with identified elements across separate frames.
1865    fn with_element_id<R>(
1866        &mut self,
1867        id: Option<impl Into<ElementId>>,
1868        f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1869    ) -> R {
1870        if let Some(id) = id.map(Into::into) {
1871            let window = self.window_mut();
1872            window.element_id_stack.push(id.into());
1873            let result = f(self);
1874            let window: &mut Window = self.borrow_mut();
1875            window.element_id_stack.pop();
1876            result
1877        } else {
1878            f(self)
1879        }
1880    }
1881
1882    /// Invoke the given function with the given content mask after intersecting it
1883    /// with the current mask.
1884    fn with_content_mask<R>(
1885        &mut self,
1886        mask: Option<ContentMask<Pixels>>,
1887        f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1888    ) -> R {
1889        if let Some(mask) = mask {
1890            let mask = mask.intersect(&self.content_mask());
1891            self.window_mut().next_frame.content_mask_stack.push(mask);
1892            let result = f(self);
1893            self.window_mut().next_frame.content_mask_stack.pop();
1894            result
1895        } else {
1896            f(self)
1897        }
1898    }
1899
1900    /// Invoke the given function with the content mask reset to that
1901    /// of the window.
1902    fn break_content_mask<R>(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R) -> R {
1903        let mask = ContentMask {
1904            bounds: Bounds {
1905                origin: Point::default(),
1906                size: self.window().viewport_size,
1907            },
1908        };
1909        self.window_mut().next_frame.content_mask_stack.push(mask);
1910        let result = f(self);
1911        self.window_mut().next_frame.content_mask_stack.pop();
1912        result
1913    }
1914
1915    /// Update the global element offset relative to the current offset. This is used to implement
1916    /// scrolling.
1917    fn with_element_offset<R>(
1918        &mut self,
1919        offset: Point<Pixels>,
1920        f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1921    ) -> R {
1922        if offset.is_zero() {
1923            return f(self);
1924        };
1925
1926        let abs_offset = self.element_offset() + offset;
1927        self.with_absolute_element_offset(abs_offset, f)
1928    }
1929
1930    /// Update the global element offset based on the given offset. This is used to implement
1931    /// drag handles and other manual painting of elements.
1932    fn with_absolute_element_offset<R>(
1933        &mut self,
1934        offset: Point<Pixels>,
1935        f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1936    ) -> R {
1937        self.window_mut()
1938            .next_frame
1939            .element_offset_stack
1940            .push(offset);
1941        let result = f(self);
1942        self.window_mut().next_frame.element_offset_stack.pop();
1943        result
1944    }
1945
1946    /// Obtain the current element offset.
1947    fn element_offset(&self) -> Point<Pixels> {
1948        self.window()
1949            .next_frame
1950            .element_offset_stack
1951            .last()
1952            .copied()
1953            .unwrap_or_default()
1954    }
1955
1956    /// Update or initialize state for an element with the given id that lives across multiple
1957    /// frames. If an element with this id existed in the rendered frame, its state will be passed
1958    /// to the given closure. The state returned by the closure will be stored so it can be referenced
1959    /// when drawing the next frame.
1960    fn with_element_state<S, R>(
1961        &mut self,
1962        id: ElementId,
1963        f: impl FnOnce(Option<S>, &mut Self) -> (R, S),
1964    ) -> R
1965    where
1966        S: 'static,
1967    {
1968        self.with_element_id(Some(id), |cx| {
1969            let global_id = cx.window().element_id_stack.clone();
1970
1971            if let Some(any) = cx
1972                .window_mut()
1973                .next_frame
1974                .element_states
1975                .remove(&global_id)
1976                .or_else(|| {
1977                    cx.window_mut()
1978                        .rendered_frame
1979                        .element_states
1980                        .remove(&global_id)
1981                })
1982            {
1983                let ElementStateBox {
1984                    inner,
1985
1986                    #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
1987                    type_name
1988                } = any;
1989                // Using the extra inner option to avoid needing to reallocate a new box.
1990                let mut state_box = inner
1991                    .downcast::<Option<S>>()
1992                    .map_err(|_| {
1993                        #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
1994                        {
1995                            anyhow!(
1996                                "invalid element state type for id, requested_type {:?}, actual type: {:?}",
1997                                std::any::type_name::<S>(),
1998                                type_name
1999                            )
2000                        }
2001
2002                        #[cfg(not(debug_assertions))]
2003                        {
2004                            anyhow!(
2005                                "invalid element state type for id, requested_type {:?}",
2006                                std::any::type_name::<S>(),
2007                            )
2008                        }
2009                    })
2010                    .unwrap();
2011
2012                // Actual: Option<AnyElement> <- View
2013                // Requested: () <- AnyElemet
2014                let state = state_box
2015                    .take()
2016                    .expect("element state is already on the stack");
2017                let (result, state) = f(Some(state), cx);
2018                state_box.replace(state);
2019                cx.window_mut()
2020                    .next_frame
2021                    .element_states
2022                    .insert(global_id, ElementStateBox {
2023                        inner: state_box,
2024
2025                        #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
2026                        type_name
2027                    });
2028                result
2029            } else {
2030                let (result, state) = f(None, cx);
2031                cx.window_mut()
2032                    .next_frame
2033                    .element_states
2034                    .insert(global_id,
2035                        ElementStateBox {
2036                            inner: Box::new(Some(state)),
2037
2038                            #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
2039                            type_name: std::any::type_name::<S>()
2040                        }
2041
2042                    );
2043                result
2044            }
2045        })
2046    }
2047
2048    /// Obtain the current content mask.
2049    fn content_mask(&self) -> ContentMask<Pixels> {
2050        self.window()
2051            .next_frame
2052            .content_mask_stack
2053            .last()
2054            .cloned()
2055            .unwrap_or_else(|| ContentMask {
2056                bounds: Bounds {
2057                    origin: Point::default(),
2058                    size: self.window().viewport_size,
2059                },
2060            })
2061    }
2062
2063    /// The size of an em for the base font of the application. Adjusting this value allows the
2064    /// UI to scale, just like zooming a web page.
2065    fn rem_size(&self) -> Pixels {
2066        self.window().rem_size
2067    }
2068}
2069
2070impl Borrow<Window> for WindowContext<'_> {
2071    fn borrow(&self) -> &Window {
2072        &self.window
2073    }
2074}
2075
2076impl BorrowMut<Window> for WindowContext<'_> {
2077    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Window {
2078        &mut self.window
2079    }
2080}
2081
2082impl<T> BorrowWindow for T where T: BorrowMut<AppContext> + BorrowMut<Window> {}
2083
2084pub struct ViewContext<'a, V> {
2085    window_cx: WindowContext<'a>,
2086    view: &'a View<V>,
2087}
2088
2089impl<V> Borrow<AppContext> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
2090    fn borrow(&self) -> &AppContext {
2091        &*self.window_cx.app
2092    }
2093}
2094
2095impl<V> BorrowMut<AppContext> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
2096    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut AppContext {
2097        &mut *self.window_cx.app
2098    }
2099}
2100
2101impl<V> Borrow<Window> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
2102    fn borrow(&self) -> &Window {
2103        &*self.window_cx.window
2104    }
2105}
2106
2107impl<V> BorrowMut<Window> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
2108    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Window {
2109        &mut *self.window_cx.window
2110    }
2111}
2112
2113impl<'a, V: 'static> ViewContext<'a, V> {
2114    pub(crate) fn new(app: &'a mut AppContext, window: &'a mut Window, view: &'a View<V>) -> Self {
2115        Self {
2116            window_cx: WindowContext::new(app, window),
2117            view,
2118        }
2119    }
2120
2121    pub fn entity_id(&self) -> EntityId {
2122        self.view.entity_id()
2123    }
2124
2125    pub fn view(&self) -> &View<V> {
2126        self.view
2127    }
2128
2129    pub fn model(&self) -> &Model<V> {
2130        &self.view.model
2131    }
2132
2133    /// Access the underlying window context.
2134    pub fn window_context(&mut self) -> &mut WindowContext<'a> {
2135        &mut self.window_cx
2136    }
2137
2138    pub fn with_z_index<R>(&mut self, z_index: u32, f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R) -> R {
2139        self.window.next_frame.z_index_stack.push(z_index);
2140        let result = f(self);
2141        self.window.next_frame.z_index_stack.pop();
2142        result
2143    }
2144
2145    pub fn on_next_frame(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static)
2146    where
2147        V: 'static,
2148    {
2149        let view = self.view().clone();
2150        self.window_cx.on_next_frame(move |cx| view.update(cx, f));
2151    }
2152
2153    /// Schedules the given function to be run at the end of the current effect cycle, allowing entities
2154    /// that are currently on the stack to be returned to the app.
2155    pub fn defer(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static) {
2156        let view = self.view().downgrade();
2157        self.window_cx.defer(move |cx| {
2158            view.update(cx, f).ok();
2159        });
2160    }
2161
2162    pub fn observe<V2, E>(
2163        &mut self,
2164        entity: &E,
2165        mut on_notify: impl FnMut(&mut V, E, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
2166    ) -> Subscription
2167    where
2168        V2: 'static,
2169        V: 'static,
2170        E: Entity<V2>,
2171    {
2172        let view = self.view().downgrade();
2173        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
2174        let entity = entity.downgrade();
2175        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
2176        let (subscription, activate) = self.app.observers.insert(
2177            entity_id,
2178            Box::new(move |cx| {
2179                window_handle
2180                    .update(cx, |_, cx| {
2181                        if let Some(handle) = E::upgrade_from(&entity) {
2182                            view.update(cx, |this, cx| on_notify(this, handle, cx))
2183                                .is_ok()
2184                        } else {
2185                            false
2186                        }
2187                    })
2188                    .unwrap_or(false)
2189            }),
2190        );
2191        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
2192        subscription
2193    }
2194
2195    pub fn subscribe<V2, E, Evt>(
2196        &mut self,
2197        entity: &E,
2198        mut on_event: impl FnMut(&mut V, E, &Evt, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
2199    ) -> Subscription
2200    where
2201        V2: EventEmitter<Evt>,
2202        E: Entity<V2>,
2203        Evt: 'static,
2204    {
2205        let view = self.view().downgrade();
2206        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
2207        let handle = entity.downgrade();
2208        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
2209        let (subscription, activate) = self.app.event_listeners.insert(
2210            entity_id,
2211            (
2212                TypeId::of::<Evt>(),
2213                Box::new(move |event, cx| {
2214                    window_handle
2215                        .update(cx, |_, cx| {
2216                            if let Some(handle) = E::upgrade_from(&handle) {
2217                                let event = event.downcast_ref().expect("invalid event type");
2218                                view.update(cx, |this, cx| on_event(this, handle, event, cx))
2219                                    .is_ok()
2220                            } else {
2221                                false
2222                            }
2223                        })
2224                        .unwrap_or(false)
2225                }),
2226            ),
2227        );
2228        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
2229        subscription
2230    }
2231
2232    pub fn on_release(
2233        &mut self,
2234        on_release: impl FnOnce(&mut V, &mut WindowContext) + 'static,
2235    ) -> Subscription {
2236        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
2237        let (subscription, activate) = self.app.release_listeners.insert(
2238            self.view.model.entity_id,
2239            Box::new(move |this, cx| {
2240                let this = this.downcast_mut().expect("invalid entity type");
2241                let _ = window_handle.update(cx, |_, cx| on_release(this, cx));
2242            }),
2243        );
2244        activate();
2245        subscription
2246    }
2247
2248    pub fn observe_release<V2, E>(
2249        &mut self,
2250        entity: &E,
2251        mut on_release: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut V2, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
2252    ) -> Subscription
2253    where
2254        V: 'static,
2255        V2: 'static,
2256        E: Entity<V2>,
2257    {
2258        let view = self.view().downgrade();
2259        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
2260        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
2261        let (subscription, activate) = self.app.release_listeners.insert(
2262            entity_id,
2263            Box::new(move |entity, cx| {
2264                let entity = entity.downcast_mut().expect("invalid entity type");
2265                let _ = window_handle.update(cx, |_, cx| {
2266                    view.update(cx, |this, cx| on_release(this, entity, cx))
2267                });
2268            }),
2269        );
2270        activate();
2271        subscription
2272    }
2273
2274    pub fn notify(&mut self) {
2275        self.window_cx.notify();
2276        self.window_cx.app.push_effect(Effect::Notify {
2277            emitter: self.view.model.entity_id,
2278        });
2279    }
2280
2281    pub fn observe_window_bounds(
2282        &mut self,
2283        mut callback: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
2284    ) -> Subscription {
2285        let view = self.view.downgrade();
2286        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.bounds_observers.insert(
2287            (),
2288            Box::new(move |cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| callback(view, cx)).is_ok()),
2289        );
2290        activate();
2291        subscription
2292    }
2293
2294    pub fn observe_window_activation(
2295        &mut self,
2296        mut callback: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
2297    ) -> Subscription {
2298        let view = self.view.downgrade();
2299        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.activation_observers.insert(
2300            (),
2301            Box::new(move |cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| callback(view, cx)).is_ok()),
2302        );
2303        activate();
2304        subscription
2305    }
2306
2307    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle receives focus.
2308    /// Unlike [on_focus_changed], returns a subscription and persists until the subscription
2309    /// is dropped.
2310    pub fn on_focus(
2311        &mut self,
2312        handle: &FocusHandle,
2313        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
2314    ) -> Subscription {
2315        let view = self.view.downgrade();
2316        let focus_id = handle.id;
2317        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.focus_listeners.insert(
2318            (),
2319            Box::new(move |event, cx| {
2320                view.update(cx, |view, cx| {
2321                    if event.focused.as_ref().map(|focused| focused.id) == Some(focus_id) {
2322                        listener(view, cx)
2323                    }
2324                })
2325                .is_ok()
2326            }),
2327        );
2328        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
2329        subscription
2330    }
2331
2332    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle or one of its descendants receives focus.
2333    /// Unlike [on_focus_changed], returns a subscription and persists until the subscription
2334    /// is dropped.
2335    pub fn on_focus_in(
2336        &mut self,
2337        handle: &FocusHandle,
2338        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
2339    ) -> Subscription {
2340        let view = self.view.downgrade();
2341        let focus_id = handle.id;
2342        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.focus_listeners.insert(
2343            (),
2344            Box::new(move |event, cx| {
2345                view.update(cx, |view, cx| {
2346                    if event
2347                        .focused
2348                        .as_ref()
2349                        .map_or(false, |focused| focus_id.contains(focused.id, cx))
2350                    {
2351                        listener(view, cx)
2352                    }
2353                })
2354                .is_ok()
2355            }),
2356        );
2357        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
2358        subscription
2359    }
2360
2361    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle loses focus.
2362    /// Unlike [on_focus_changed], returns a subscription and persists until the subscription
2363    /// is dropped.
2364    pub fn on_blur(
2365        &mut self,
2366        handle: &FocusHandle,
2367        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
2368    ) -> Subscription {
2369        let view = self.view.downgrade();
2370        let focus_id = handle.id;
2371        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.focus_listeners.insert(
2372            (),
2373            Box::new(move |event, cx| {
2374                view.update(cx, |view, cx| {
2375                    if event.blurred.as_ref().map(|blurred| blurred.id) == Some(focus_id) {
2376                        listener(view, cx)
2377                    }
2378                })
2379                .is_ok()
2380            }),
2381        );
2382        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
2383        subscription
2384    }
2385
2386    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle or one of its descendants loses focus.
2387    /// Unlike [on_focus_changed], returns a subscription and persists until the subscription
2388    /// is dropped.
2389    pub fn on_focus_out(
2390        &mut self,
2391        handle: &FocusHandle,
2392        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
2393    ) -> Subscription {
2394        let view = self.view.downgrade();
2395        let focus_id = handle.id;
2396        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.focus_listeners.insert(
2397            (),
2398            Box::new(move |event, cx| {
2399                view.update(cx, |view, cx| {
2400                    if event
2401                        .blurred
2402                        .as_ref()
2403                        .map_or(false, |blurred| focus_id.contains(blurred.id, cx))
2404                    {
2405                        listener(view, cx)
2406                    }
2407                })
2408                .is_ok()
2409            }),
2410        );
2411        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
2412        subscription
2413    }
2414
2415    pub fn spawn<Fut, R>(
2416        &mut self,
2417        f: impl FnOnce(WeakView<V>, AsyncWindowContext) -> Fut,
2418    ) -> Task<R>
2419    where
2420        R: 'static,
2421        Fut: Future<Output = R> + 'static,
2422    {
2423        let view = self.view().downgrade();
2424        self.window_cx.spawn(|cx| f(view, cx))
2425    }
2426
2427    pub fn update_global<G, R>(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut G, &mut Self) -> R) -> R
2428    where
2429        G: 'static,
2430    {
2431        let mut global = self.app.lease_global::<G>();
2432        let result = f(&mut global, self);
2433        self.app.end_global_lease(global);
2434        result
2435    }
2436
2437    pub fn observe_global<G: 'static>(
2438        &mut self,
2439        mut f: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
2440    ) -> Subscription {
2441        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
2442        let view = self.view().downgrade();
2443        let (subscription, activate) = self.global_observers.insert(
2444            TypeId::of::<G>(),
2445            Box::new(move |cx| {
2446                window_handle
2447                    .update(cx, |_, cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| f(view, cx)).is_ok())
2448                    .unwrap_or(false)
2449            }),
2450        );
2451        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
2452        subscription
2453    }
2454
2455    pub fn on_mouse_event<Event: 'static>(
2456        &mut self,
2457        handler: impl Fn(&mut V, &Event, DispatchPhase, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
2458    ) {
2459        let handle = self.view().clone();
2460        self.window_cx.on_mouse_event(move |event, phase, cx| {
2461            handle.update(cx, |view, cx| {
2462                handler(view, event, phase, cx);
2463            })
2464        });
2465    }
2466
2467    pub fn on_key_event<Event: 'static>(
2468        &mut self,
2469        handler: impl Fn(&mut V, &Event, DispatchPhase, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
2470    ) {
2471        let handle = self.view().clone();
2472        self.window_cx.on_key_event(move |event, phase, cx| {
2473            handle.update(cx, |view, cx| {
2474                handler(view, event, phase, cx);
2475            })
2476        });
2477    }
2478
2479    pub fn on_action(
2480        &mut self,
2481        action_type: TypeId,
2482        handler: impl Fn(&mut V, &dyn Any, DispatchPhase, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
2483    ) {
2484        let handle = self.view().clone();
2485        self.window_cx
2486            .on_action(action_type, move |action, phase, cx| {
2487                handle.update(cx, |view, cx| {
2488                    handler(view, action, phase, cx);
2489                })
2490            });
2491    }
2492
2493    pub fn emit<Evt>(&mut self, event: Evt)
2494    where
2495        Evt: 'static,
2496        V: EventEmitter<Evt>,
2497    {
2498        let emitter = self.view.model.entity_id;
2499        self.app.push_effect(Effect::Emit {
2500            emitter,
2501            event_type: TypeId::of::<Evt>(),
2502            event: Box::new(event),
2503        });
2504    }
2505
2506    pub fn focus_self(&mut self)
2507    where
2508        V: FocusableView,
2509    {
2510        self.defer(|view, cx| view.focus_handle(cx).focus(cx))
2511    }
2512
2513    pub fn dismiss_self(&mut self)
2514    where
2515        V: ManagedView,
2516    {
2517        self.defer(|_, cx| cx.emit(DismissEvent))
2518    }
2519
2520    pub fn listener<E>(
2521        &self,
2522        f: impl Fn(&mut V, &E, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
2523    ) -> impl Fn(&E, &mut WindowContext) + 'static {
2524        let view = self.view().downgrade();
2525        move |e: &E, cx: &mut WindowContext| {
2526            view.update(cx, |view, cx| f(view, e, cx)).ok();
2527        }
2528    }
2529}
2530
2531impl<V> Context for ViewContext<'_, V> {
2532    type Result<U> = U;
2533
2534    fn build_model<T: 'static>(
2535        &mut self,
2536        build_model: impl FnOnce(&mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> T,
2537    ) -> Model<T> {
2538        self.window_cx.build_model(build_model)
2539    }
2540
2541    fn update_model<T: 'static, R>(
2542        &mut self,
2543        model: &Model<T>,
2544        update: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> R,
2545    ) -> R {
2546        self.window_cx.update_model(model, update)
2547    }
2548
2549    fn update_window<T, F>(&mut self, window: AnyWindowHandle, update: F) -> Result<T>
2550    where
2551        F: FnOnce(AnyView, &mut WindowContext<'_>) -> T,
2552    {
2553        self.window_cx.update_window(window, update)
2554    }
2555
2556    fn read_model<T, R>(
2557        &self,
2558        handle: &Model<T>,
2559        read: impl FnOnce(&T, &AppContext) -> R,
2560    ) -> Self::Result<R>
2561    where
2562        T: 'static,
2563    {
2564        self.window_cx.read_model(handle, read)
2565    }
2566
2567    fn read_window<T, R>(
2568        &self,
2569        window: &WindowHandle<T>,
2570        read: impl FnOnce(View<T>, &AppContext) -> R,
2571    ) -> Result<R>
2572    where
2573        T: 'static,
2574    {
2575        self.window_cx.read_window(window, read)
2576    }
2577}
2578
2579impl<V: 'static> VisualContext for ViewContext<'_, V> {
2580    fn build_view<W: Render + 'static>(
2581        &mut self,
2582        build_view_state: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, W>) -> W,
2583    ) -> Self::Result<View<W>> {
2584        self.window_cx.build_view(build_view_state)
2585    }
2586
2587    fn update_view<V2: 'static, R>(
2588        &mut self,
2589        view: &View<V2>,
2590        update: impl FnOnce(&mut V2, &mut ViewContext<'_, V2>) -> R,
2591    ) -> Self::Result<R> {
2592        self.window_cx.update_view(view, update)
2593    }
2594
2595    fn replace_root_view<W>(
2596        &mut self,
2597        build_view: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, W>) -> W,
2598    ) -> Self::Result<View<W>>
2599    where
2600        W: 'static + Render,
2601    {
2602        self.window_cx.replace_root_view(build_view)
2603    }
2604
2605    fn focus_view<W: FocusableView>(&mut self, view: &View<W>) -> Self::Result<()> {
2606        self.window_cx.focus_view(view)
2607    }
2608
2609    fn dismiss_view<W: ManagedView>(&mut self, view: &View<W>) -> Self::Result<()> {
2610        self.window_cx.dismiss_view(view)
2611    }
2612}
2613
2614impl<'a, V> std::ops::Deref for ViewContext<'a, V> {
2615    type Target = WindowContext<'a>;
2616
2617    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
2618        &self.window_cx
2619    }
2620}
2621
2622impl<'a, V> std::ops::DerefMut for ViewContext<'a, V> {
2623    fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
2624        &mut self.window_cx
2625    }
2626}
2627
2628// #[derive(Clone, Copy, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
2629slotmap::new_key_type! { pub struct WindowId; }
2630
2631impl WindowId {
2632    pub fn as_u64(&self) -> u64 {
2633        self.0.as_ffi()
2634    }
2635}
2636
2637#[derive(Deref, DerefMut)]
2638pub struct WindowHandle<V> {
2639    #[deref]
2640    #[deref_mut]
2641    pub(crate) any_handle: AnyWindowHandle,
2642    state_type: PhantomData<V>,
2643}
2644
2645impl<V: 'static + Render> WindowHandle<V> {
2646    pub fn new(id: WindowId) -> Self {
2647        WindowHandle {
2648            any_handle: AnyWindowHandle {
2649                id,
2650                state_type: TypeId::of::<V>(),
2651            },
2652            state_type: PhantomData,
2653        }
2654    }
2655
2656    pub fn root<C>(&self, cx: &mut C) -> Result<View<V>>
2657    where
2658        C: Context,
2659    {
2660        Flatten::flatten(cx.update_window(self.any_handle, |root_view, _| {
2661            root_view
2662                .downcast::<V>()
2663                .map_err(|_| anyhow!("the type of the window's root view has changed"))
2664        }))
2665    }
2666
2667    pub fn update<C, R>(
2668        &self,
2669        cx: &mut C,
2670        update: impl FnOnce(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) -> R,
2671    ) -> Result<R>
2672    where
2673        C: Context,
2674    {
2675        cx.update_window(self.any_handle, |root_view, cx| {
2676            let view = root_view
2677                .downcast::<V>()
2678                .map_err(|_| anyhow!("the type of the window's root view has changed"))?;
2679            Ok(cx.update_view(&view, update))
2680        })?
2681    }
2682
2683    pub fn read<'a>(&self, cx: &'a AppContext) -> Result<&'a V> {
2684        let x = cx
2685            .windows
2686            .get(self.id)
2687            .and_then(|window| {
2688                window
2689                    .as_ref()
2690                    .and_then(|window| window.root_view.clone())
2691                    .map(|root_view| root_view.downcast::<V>())
2692            })
2693            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("window not found"))?
2694            .map_err(|_| anyhow!("the type of the window's root view has changed"))?;
2695
2696        Ok(x.read(cx))
2697    }
2698
2699    pub fn read_with<C, R>(&self, cx: &C, read_with: impl FnOnce(&V, &AppContext) -> R) -> Result<R>
2700    where
2701        C: Context,
2702    {
2703        cx.read_window(self, |root_view, cx| read_with(root_view.read(cx), cx))
2704    }
2705
2706    pub fn root_view<C>(&self, cx: &C) -> Result<View<V>>
2707    where
2708        C: Context,
2709    {
2710        cx.read_window(self, |root_view, _cx| root_view.clone())
2711    }
2712
2713    pub fn is_active(&self, cx: &AppContext) -> Option<bool> {
2714        cx.windows
2715            .get(self.id)
2716            .and_then(|window| window.as_ref().map(|window| window.active))
2717    }
2718}
2719
2720impl<V> Copy for WindowHandle<V> {}
2721
2722impl<V> Clone for WindowHandle<V> {
2723    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
2724        WindowHandle {
2725            any_handle: self.any_handle,
2726            state_type: PhantomData,
2727        }
2728    }
2729}
2730
2731impl<V> PartialEq for WindowHandle<V> {
2732    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
2733        self.any_handle == other.any_handle
2734    }
2735}
2736
2737impl<V> Eq for WindowHandle<V> {}
2738
2739impl<V> Hash for WindowHandle<V> {
2740    fn hash<H: Hasher>(&self, state: &mut H) {
2741        self.any_handle.hash(state);
2742    }
2743}
2744
2745impl<V: 'static> Into<AnyWindowHandle> for WindowHandle<V> {
2746    fn into(self) -> AnyWindowHandle {
2747        self.any_handle
2748    }
2749}
2750
2751#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
2752pub struct AnyWindowHandle {
2753    pub(crate) id: WindowId,
2754    state_type: TypeId,
2755}
2756
2757impl AnyWindowHandle {
2758    pub fn window_id(&self) -> WindowId {
2759        self.id
2760    }
2761
2762    pub fn downcast<T: 'static>(&self) -> Option<WindowHandle<T>> {
2763        if TypeId::of::<T>() == self.state_type {
2764            Some(WindowHandle {
2765                any_handle: *self,
2766                state_type: PhantomData,
2767            })
2768        } else {
2769            None
2770        }
2771    }
2772
2773    pub fn update<C, R>(
2774        self,
2775        cx: &mut C,
2776        update: impl FnOnce(AnyView, &mut WindowContext<'_>) -> R,
2777    ) -> Result<R>
2778    where
2779        C: Context,
2780    {
2781        cx.update_window(self, update)
2782    }
2783
2784    pub fn read<T, C, R>(self, cx: &C, read: impl FnOnce(View<T>, &AppContext) -> R) -> Result<R>
2785    where
2786        C: Context,
2787        T: 'static,
2788    {
2789        let view = self
2790            .downcast::<T>()
2791            .context("the type of the window's root view has changed")?;
2792
2793        cx.read_window(&view, read)
2794    }
2795}
2796
2797#[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-support"))]
2798impl From<SmallVec<[u32; 16]>> for StackingOrder {
2799    fn from(small_vec: SmallVec<[u32; 16]>) -> Self {
2800        StackingOrder(small_vec)
2801    }
2802}
2803
2804#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
2805pub enum ElementId {
2806    View(EntityId),
2807    Integer(usize),
2808    Name(SharedString),
2809    FocusHandle(FocusId),
2810    NamedInteger(SharedString, usize),
2811}
2812
2813impl ElementId {
2814    pub(crate) fn from_entity_id(entity_id: EntityId) -> Self {
2815        ElementId::View(entity_id)
2816    }
2817}
2818
2819impl TryInto<SharedString> for ElementId {
2820    type Error = anyhow::Error;
2821
2822    fn try_into(self) -> anyhow::Result<SharedString> {
2823        if let ElementId::Name(name) = self {
2824            Ok(name)
2825        } else {
2826            Err(anyhow!("element id is not string"))
2827        }
2828    }
2829}
2830
2831impl From<usize> for ElementId {
2832    fn from(id: usize) -> Self {
2833        ElementId::Integer(id)
2834    }
2835}
2836
2837impl From<i32> for ElementId {
2838    fn from(id: i32) -> Self {
2839        Self::Integer(id as usize)
2840    }
2841}
2842
2843impl From<SharedString> for ElementId {
2844    fn from(name: SharedString) -> Self {
2845        ElementId::Name(name)
2846    }
2847}
2848
2849impl From<&'static str> for ElementId {
2850    fn from(name: &'static str) -> Self {
2851        ElementId::Name(name.into())
2852    }
2853}
2854
2855impl<'a> From<&'a FocusHandle> for ElementId {
2856    fn from(handle: &'a FocusHandle) -> Self {
2857        ElementId::FocusHandle(handle.id)
2858    }
2859}
2860
2861impl From<(&'static str, EntityId)> for ElementId {
2862    fn from((name, id): (&'static str, EntityId)) -> Self {
2863        ElementId::NamedInteger(name.into(), id.as_u64() as usize)
2864    }
2865}
2866
2867impl From<(&'static str, usize)> for ElementId {
2868    fn from((name, id): (&'static str, usize)) -> Self {
2869        ElementId::NamedInteger(name.into(), id)
2870    }
2871}
2872
2873impl From<(&'static str, u64)> for ElementId {
2874    fn from((name, id): (&'static str, u64)) -> Self {
2875        ElementId::NamedInteger(name.into(), id as usize)
2876    }
2877}