shell_env.rs

  1#![cfg_attr(not(unix), allow(unused))]
  2
  3use anyhow::{Context as _, Result};
  4use std::borrow::Cow;
  5
  6/// Capture all environment variables from the login shell.
  7#[cfg(unix)]
  8pub fn capture(directory: &std::path::Path) -> Result<collections::HashMap<String, String>> {
  9    use std::os::unix::process::CommandExt;
 10    use std::process::Stdio;
 11
 12    let shell_path = std::env::var("SHELL").map(std::path::PathBuf::from)?;
 13    let shell_name = shell_path.file_name().and_then(std::ffi::OsStr::to_str);
 14
 15    let mut command = std::process::Command::new(&shell_path);
 16    command.stdin(Stdio::null());
 17    command.stdout(Stdio::piped());
 18    command.stderr(Stdio::piped());
 19
 20    let mut command_string = String::new();
 21
 22    // What we're doing here is to spawn a shell and then `cd` into
 23    // the project directory to get the env in there as if the user
 24    // `cd`'d into it. We do that because tools like direnv, asdf, ...
 25    // hook into `cd` and only set up the env after that.
 26    command_string.push_str(&format!("cd '{}';", directory.display()));
 27
 28    // In certain shells we need to execute additional_command in order to
 29    // trigger the behavior of direnv, etc.
 30    command_string.push_str(match shell_name {
 31        Some("fish") => "emit fish_prompt;",
 32        _ => "",
 33    });
 34
 35    // In some shells, file descriptors greater than 2 cannot be used in interactive mode,
 36    // so file descriptor 0 is used instead.
 37    const ENV_OUTPUT_FD: std::os::fd::RawFd = 0;
 38    command_string.push_str(&format!("sh -c 'export -p >&{ENV_OUTPUT_FD}';"));
 39
 40    // For csh/tcsh, the login shell option is set by passing `-` as
 41    // the 0th argument instead of using `-l`.
 42    if let Some("tcsh" | "csh") = shell_name {
 43        command.arg0("-");
 44    } else {
 45        command.arg("-l");
 46    }
 47
 48    command.args(["-i", "-c", &command_string]);
 49
 50    super::set_pre_exec_to_start_new_session(&mut command);
 51
 52    let (env_output, process_output) = spawn_and_read_fd(command, ENV_OUTPUT_FD)?;
 53    let env_output = String::from_utf8_lossy(&env_output);
 54
 55    anyhow::ensure!(
 56        process_output.status.success(),
 57        "login shell exited with {}. stdout: {:?}, stderr: {:?}",
 58        process_output.status,
 59        String::from_utf8_lossy(&process_output.stdout),
 60        String::from_utf8_lossy(&process_output.stderr),
 61    );
 62
 63    parse(&env_output)
 64        .filter_map(|entry| match entry {
 65            Ok((name, value)) => Some(Ok((name.into(), value?.into()))),
 66            Err(err) => Some(Err(err)),
 67        })
 68        .collect::<Result<_>>()
 69}
 70
 71#[cfg(unix)]
 72fn spawn_and_read_fd(
 73    mut command: std::process::Command,
 74    child_fd: std::os::fd::RawFd,
 75) -> anyhow::Result<(Vec<u8>, std::process::Output)> {
 76    use command_fds::{CommandFdExt, FdMapping};
 77    use std::io::Read;
 78
 79    let (mut reader, writer) = std::io::pipe()?;
 80
 81    command.fd_mappings(vec![FdMapping {
 82        parent_fd: writer.into(),
 83        child_fd,
 84    }])?;
 85
 86    let process = command.spawn()?;
 87    drop(command);
 88
 89    let mut buffer = Vec::new();
 90    reader.read_to_end(&mut buffer)?;
 91
 92    Ok((buffer, process.wait_with_output()?))
 93}
 94
 95/// Parse the result of calling `sh -c 'export -p'`.
 96///
 97/// https://www.man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/export.1p.html
 98fn parse(mut input: &str) -> impl Iterator<Item = Result<(Cow<'_, str>, Option<Cow<'_, str>>)>> {
 99    std::iter::from_fn(move || {
100        if input.is_empty() {
101            return None;
102        }
103        match parse_declaration(input) {
104            Ok((entry, rest)) => {
105                input = rest;
106                Some(Ok(entry))
107            }
108            Err(err) => Some(Err(err)),
109        }
110    })
111}
112
113fn parse_declaration(input: &str) -> Result<((Cow<'_, str>, Option<Cow<'_, str>>), &str)> {
114    let rest = input
115        .strip_prefix("export ")
116        .context("expected 'export ' prefix")?;
117
118    if let Some((name, rest)) = parse_name_and_terminator(rest, '\n') {
119        Ok(((name, None), rest))
120    } else {
121        let (name, rest) = parse_name_and_terminator(rest, '=').context("invalid name")?;
122        let (value, rest) = parse_literal_and_terminator(rest, '\n').context("invalid value")?;
123        Ok(((name, Some(value)), rest))
124    }
125}
126
127fn parse_name_and_terminator(input: &str, terminator: char) -> Option<(Cow<'_, str>, &str)> {
128    let (name, rest) = parse_literal_and_terminator(input, terminator)?;
129    (!name.is_empty() && !name.contains('=')).then_some((name, rest))
130}
131
132fn parse_literal_and_terminator(input: &str, terminator: char) -> Option<(Cow<'_, str>, &str)> {
133    if let Some((literal, rest)) = parse_literal_single_quoted(input) {
134        let rest = rest.strip_prefix(terminator)?;
135        Some((Cow::Borrowed(literal), rest))
136    } else if let Some((literal, rest)) = parse_literal_double_quoted(input) {
137        let rest = rest.strip_prefix(terminator)?;
138        Some((Cow::Owned(literal), rest))
139    } else {
140        let (literal, rest) = input.split_once(terminator)?;
141        (!literal.contains(|c: char| c.is_ascii_whitespace()))
142            .then_some((Cow::Borrowed(literal), rest))
143    }
144}
145
146/// https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/html_node/Single-Quotes.html
147fn parse_literal_single_quoted(input: &str) -> Option<(&str, &str)> {
148    input.strip_prefix('\'')?.split_once('\'')
149}
150
151/// https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/html_node/Double-Quotes.html
152fn parse_literal_double_quoted(input: &str) -> Option<(String, &str)> {
153    let rest = input.strip_prefix('"')?;
154
155    let mut char_indices = rest.char_indices();
156    let mut escaping = false;
157    let (literal, rest) = loop {
158        let (index, char) = char_indices.next()?;
159        if char == '"' && !escaping {
160            break (&rest[..index], &rest[index + 1..]);
161        } else {
162            escaping = !escaping && char == '\\';
163        }
164    };
165
166    let literal = literal
167        .replace("\\$", "$")
168        .replace("\\`", "`")
169        .replace("\\\"", "\"")
170        .replace("\\\n", "")
171        .replace("\\\\", "\\");
172
173    Some((literal, rest))
174}
175
176#[cfg(test)]
177mod tests {
178    use super::*;
179
180    #[cfg(unix)]
181    #[test]
182    fn test_spawn_and_read_fd() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
183        let mut command = std::process::Command::new("sh");
184        super::super::set_pre_exec_to_start_new_session(&mut command);
185        command.args(["-lic", "printf 'abc%.0s' $(seq 1 65536) >&0"]);
186        let (bytes, _) = spawn_and_read_fd(command, 0)?;
187        assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 65536 * 3);
188        Ok(())
189    }
190
191    #[test]
192    fn test_parse() {
193        let input = indoc::indoc! {r#"
194        export foo
195        export 'foo'
196        export "foo"
197        export foo=
198        export 'foo'=
199        export "foo"=
200        export foo=bar
201        export foo='bar'
202        export foo="bar"
203        export foo='b
204        a
205        z'
206        export foo="b
207        a
208        z"
209        export foo='b\
210        a\
211        z'
212        export foo="b\
213        a\
214        z"
215        export foo='\`Hello\`
216        \"wo\
217        rld\"\n!\\
218        !'
219        export foo="\`Hello\`
220        \"wo\
221        rld\"\n!\\
222        !"
223        "#};
224
225        let expected_values = [
226            None,
227            None,
228            None,
229            Some(""),
230            Some(""),
231            Some(""),
232            Some("bar"),
233            Some("bar"),
234            Some("bar"),
235            Some("b\na\nz"),
236            Some("b\na\nz"),
237            Some("b\\\na\\\nz"),
238            Some("baz"),
239            Some(indoc::indoc! {r#"
240            \`Hello\`
241            \"wo\
242            rld\"\n!\\
243            !"#}),
244            Some(indoc::indoc! {r#"
245            `Hello`
246            "world"\n!\!"#}),
247        ];
248        let expected = expected_values
249            .into_iter()
250            .map(|value| ("foo".into(), value.map(Into::into)))
251            .collect::<Vec<_>>();
252
253        let actual = parse(input).collect::<Result<Vec<_>>>().unwrap();
254        assert_eq!(expected, actual);
255    }
256
257    #[test]
258    fn test_parse_declaration() {
259        let ((name, value), rest) = parse_declaration("export foo\nrest").unwrap();
260        assert_eq!(name, "foo");
261        assert_eq!(value, None);
262        assert_eq!(rest, "rest");
263
264        let ((name, value), rest) = parse_declaration("export foo=bar\nrest").unwrap();
265        assert_eq!(name, "foo");
266        assert_eq!(value.as_deref(), Some("bar"));
267        assert_eq!(rest, "rest");
268    }
269
270    #[test]
271    fn test_parse_literal_single_quoted() {
272        let input = indoc::indoc! {r#"
273        '\`Hello\`
274        \"wo\
275        rld\"\n!\\
276        !'
277        rest"#};
278
279        let expected = indoc::indoc! {r#"
280        \`Hello\`
281        \"wo\
282        rld\"\n!\\
283        !"#};
284
285        let (actual, rest) = parse_literal_single_quoted(input).unwrap();
286        assert_eq!(expected, actual);
287        assert_eq!(rest, "\nrest");
288    }
289
290    #[test]
291    fn test_parse_literal_double_quoted() {
292        let input = indoc::indoc! {r#"
293        "\`Hello\`
294        \"wo\
295        rld\"\n!\\
296        !"
297        rest"#};
298
299        let expected = indoc::indoc! {r#"
300        `Hello`
301        "world"\n!\!"#};
302
303        let (actual, rest) = parse_literal_double_quoted(input).unwrap();
304        assert_eq!(expected, actual);
305        assert_eq!(rest, "\nrest");
306    }
307}