util.rs

   1pub mod arc_cow;
   2pub mod archive;
   3pub mod command;
   4pub mod fs;
   5pub mod markdown;
   6pub mod paths;
   7pub mod serde;
   8pub mod shell_env;
   9pub mod size;
  10#[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-support"))]
  11pub mod test;
  12pub mod time;
  13
  14use anyhow::Result;
  15use futures::Future;
  16use itertools::Either;
  17use regex::Regex;
  18use std::sync::{LazyLock, OnceLock};
  19use std::{
  20    borrow::Cow,
  21    cmp::{self, Ordering},
  22    env,
  23    ops::{AddAssign, Range, RangeInclusive},
  24    panic::Location,
  25    pin::Pin,
  26    task::{Context, Poll},
  27    time::Instant,
  28};
  29use unicase::UniCase;
  30
  31pub use take_until::*;
  32#[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-support"))]
  33pub use util_macros::{line_endings, path, uri};
  34
  35#[macro_export]
  36macro_rules! debug_panic {
  37    ( $($fmt_arg:tt)* ) => {
  38        if cfg!(debug_assertions) {
  39            panic!( $($fmt_arg)* );
  40        } else {
  41            let backtrace = std::backtrace::Backtrace::capture();
  42            log::error!("{}\n{:?}", format_args!($($fmt_arg)*), backtrace);
  43        }
  44    };
  45}
  46
  47pub fn truncate(s: &str, max_chars: usize) -> &str {
  48    match s.char_indices().nth(max_chars) {
  49        None => s,
  50        Some((idx, _)) => &s[..idx],
  51    }
  52}
  53
  54/// Removes characters from the end of the string if its length is greater than `max_chars` and
  55/// appends "..." to the string. Returns string unchanged if its length is smaller than max_chars.
  56pub fn truncate_and_trailoff(s: &str, max_chars: usize) -> String {
  57    debug_assert!(max_chars >= 5);
  58
  59    // If the string's byte length is <= max_chars, walking the string can be skipped since the
  60    // number of chars is <= the number of bytes.
  61    if s.len() <= max_chars {
  62        return s.to_string();
  63    }
  64    let truncation_ix = s.char_indices().map(|(i, _)| i).nth(max_chars);
  65    match truncation_ix {
  66        Some(index) => s[..index].to_string() + "…",
  67        _ => s.to_string(),
  68    }
  69}
  70
  71/// Removes characters from the front of the string if its length is greater than `max_chars` and
  72/// prepends the string with "...". Returns string unchanged if its length is smaller than max_chars.
  73pub fn truncate_and_remove_front(s: &str, max_chars: usize) -> String {
  74    debug_assert!(max_chars >= 5);
  75
  76    // If the string's byte length is <= max_chars, walking the string can be skipped since the
  77    // number of chars is <= the number of bytes.
  78    if s.len() <= max_chars {
  79        return s.to_string();
  80    }
  81    let suffix_char_length = max_chars.saturating_sub(1);
  82    let truncation_ix = s
  83        .char_indices()
  84        .map(|(i, _)| i)
  85        .nth_back(suffix_char_length);
  86    match truncation_ix {
  87        Some(index) if index > 0 => "…".to_string() + &s[index..],
  88        _ => s.to_string(),
  89    }
  90}
  91
  92/// Takes only `max_lines` from the string and, if there were more than `max_lines-1`, appends a
  93/// a newline and "..." to the string, so that `max_lines` are returned.
  94/// Returns string unchanged if its length is smaller than max_lines.
  95pub fn truncate_lines_and_trailoff(s: &str, max_lines: usize) -> String {
  96    let mut lines = s.lines().take(max_lines).collect::<Vec<_>>();
  97    if lines.len() > max_lines - 1 {
  98        lines.pop();
  99        lines.join("\n") + "\n…"
 100    } else {
 101        lines.join("\n")
 102    }
 103}
 104
 105/// Truncates the string at a character boundary, such that the result is less than `max_bytes` in
 106/// length.
 107pub fn truncate_to_byte_limit(s: &str, max_bytes: usize) -> &str {
 108    if s.len() < max_bytes {
 109        return s;
 110    }
 111
 112    for i in (0..max_bytes).rev() {
 113        if s.is_char_boundary(i) {
 114            return &s[..i];
 115        }
 116    }
 117
 118    ""
 119}
 120
 121/// Takes a prefix of complete lines which fit within the byte limit. If the first line is longer
 122/// than the limit, truncates at a character boundary.
 123pub fn truncate_lines_to_byte_limit(s: &str, max_bytes: usize) -> &str {
 124    if s.len() < max_bytes {
 125        return s;
 126    }
 127
 128    for i in (0..max_bytes).rev() {
 129        if s.is_char_boundary(i) {
 130            if s.as_bytes()[i] == b'\n' {
 131                // Since the i-th character is \n, valid to slice at i + 1.
 132                return &s[..i + 1];
 133            }
 134        }
 135    }
 136
 137    truncate_to_byte_limit(s, max_bytes)
 138}
 139
 140#[test]
 141fn test_truncate_lines_to_byte_limit() {
 142    let text = "Line 1\nLine 2\nLine 3\nLine 4";
 143
 144    // Limit that includes all lines
 145    assert_eq!(truncate_lines_to_byte_limit(text, 100), text);
 146
 147    // Exactly the first line
 148    assert_eq!(truncate_lines_to_byte_limit(text, 7), "Line 1\n");
 149
 150    // Limit between lines
 151    assert_eq!(truncate_lines_to_byte_limit(text, 13), "Line 1\n");
 152    assert_eq!(truncate_lines_to_byte_limit(text, 20), "Line 1\nLine 2\n");
 153
 154    // Limit before first newline
 155    assert_eq!(truncate_lines_to_byte_limit(text, 6), "Line ");
 156
 157    // Test with non-ASCII characters
 158    let text_utf8 = "Line 1\nLΓ­ne 2\nLine 3";
 159    assert_eq!(
 160        truncate_lines_to_byte_limit(text_utf8, 15),
 161        "Line 1\nLΓ­ne 2\n"
 162    );
 163}
 164
 165pub fn post_inc<T: From<u8> + AddAssign<T> + Copy>(value: &mut T) -> T {
 166    let prev = *value;
 167    *value += T::from(1);
 168    prev
 169}
 170
 171/// Extend a sorted vector with a sorted sequence of items, maintaining the vector's sort order and
 172/// enforcing a maximum length. This also de-duplicates items. Sort the items according to the given callback. Before calling this,
 173/// both `vec` and `new_items` should already be sorted according to the `cmp` comparator.
 174pub fn extend_sorted<T, I, F>(vec: &mut Vec<T>, new_items: I, limit: usize, mut cmp: F)
 175where
 176    I: IntoIterator<Item = T>,
 177    F: FnMut(&T, &T) -> Ordering,
 178{
 179    let mut start_index = 0;
 180    for new_item in new_items {
 181        if let Err(i) = vec[start_index..].binary_search_by(|m| cmp(m, &new_item)) {
 182            let index = start_index + i;
 183            if vec.len() < limit {
 184                vec.insert(index, new_item);
 185            } else if index < vec.len() {
 186                vec.pop();
 187                vec.insert(index, new_item);
 188            }
 189            start_index = index;
 190        }
 191    }
 192}
 193
 194pub fn truncate_to_bottom_n_sorted_by<T, F>(items: &mut Vec<T>, limit: usize, compare: &F)
 195where
 196    F: Fn(&T, &T) -> Ordering,
 197{
 198    if limit == 0 {
 199        items.truncate(0);
 200    }
 201    if items.len() <= limit {
 202        items.sort_by(compare);
 203        return;
 204    }
 205    // When limit is near to items.len() it may be more efficient to sort the whole list and
 206    // truncate, rather than always doing selection first as is done below. It's hard to analyze
 207    // where the threshold for this should be since the quickselect style algorithm used by
 208    // `select_nth_unstable_by` makes the prefix partially sorted, and so its work is not wasted -
 209    // the expected number of comparisons needed by `sort_by` is less than it is for some arbitrary
 210    // unsorted input.
 211    items.select_nth_unstable_by(limit, compare);
 212    items.truncate(limit);
 213    items.sort_by(compare);
 214}
 215
 216/// Prevents execution of the application with root privileges on Unix systems.
 217///
 218/// This function checks if the current process is running with root privileges
 219/// and terminates the program with an error message unless explicitly allowed via the
 220/// `ZED_ALLOW_ROOT` environment variable.
 221#[cfg(unix)]
 222pub fn prevent_root_execution() {
 223    let is_root = nix::unistd::geteuid().is_root();
 224    let allow_root = std::env::var("ZED_ALLOW_ROOT").is_ok_and(|val| val == "true");
 225
 226    if is_root && !allow_root {
 227        eprintln!(
 228            "\
 229Error: Running Zed as root or via sudo is unsupported.
 230       Doing so (even once) may subtly break things for all subsequent non-root usage of Zed.
 231       It is untested and not recommended, don't complain when things break.
 232       If you wish to proceed anyways, set `ZED_ALLOW_ROOT=true` in your environment."
 233        );
 234        std::process::exit(1);
 235    }
 236}
 237
 238#[cfg(unix)]
 239fn load_shell_from_passwd() -> Result<()> {
 240    let buflen = match unsafe { libc::sysconf(libc::_SC_GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX) } {
 241        n if n < 0 => 1024,
 242        n => n as usize,
 243    };
 244    let mut buffer = Vec::with_capacity(buflen);
 245
 246    let mut pwd: std::mem::MaybeUninit<libc::passwd> = std::mem::MaybeUninit::uninit();
 247    let mut result: *mut libc::passwd = std::ptr::null_mut();
 248
 249    let uid = unsafe { libc::getuid() };
 250    let status = unsafe {
 251        libc::getpwuid_r(
 252            uid,
 253            pwd.as_mut_ptr(),
 254            buffer.as_mut_ptr() as *mut libc::c_char,
 255            buflen,
 256            &mut result,
 257        )
 258    };
 259    let entry = unsafe { pwd.assume_init() };
 260
 261    anyhow::ensure!(
 262        status == 0,
 263        "call to getpwuid_r failed. uid: {}, status: {}",
 264        uid,
 265        status
 266    );
 267    anyhow::ensure!(!result.is_null(), "passwd entry for uid {} not found", uid);
 268    anyhow::ensure!(
 269        entry.pw_uid == uid,
 270        "passwd entry has different uid ({}) than getuid ({}) returned",
 271        entry.pw_uid,
 272        uid,
 273    );
 274
 275    let shell = unsafe { std::ffi::CStr::from_ptr(entry.pw_shell).to_str().unwrap() };
 276    if env::var("SHELL").map_or(true, |shell_env| shell_env != shell) {
 277        log::info!(
 278            "updating SHELL environment variable to value from passwd entry: {:?}",
 279            shell,
 280        );
 281        unsafe { env::set_var("SHELL", shell) };
 282    }
 283
 284    Ok(())
 285}
 286
 287#[cfg(unix)]
 288/// Returns a shell escaped path for the current zed executable
 289pub fn get_shell_safe_zed_path() -> anyhow::Result<String> {
 290    use anyhow::Context;
 291
 292    let zed_path = std::env::current_exe()
 293        .context("Failed to determine current zed executable path.")?
 294        .to_string_lossy()
 295        .trim_end_matches(" (deleted)") // see https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/69343
 296        .to_string();
 297
 298    // As of writing, this can only be fail if the path contains a null byte, which shouldn't be possible
 299    // but shlex has annotated the error as #[non_exhaustive] so we can't make it a compile error if other
 300    // errors are introduced in the future :(
 301    let zed_path_escaped =
 302        shlex::try_quote(&zed_path).context("Failed to shell-escape Zed executable path.")?;
 303
 304    return Ok(zed_path_escaped.to_string());
 305}
 306
 307#[cfg(unix)]
 308pub fn load_login_shell_environment() -> Result<()> {
 309    load_shell_from_passwd().log_err();
 310
 311    // If possible, we want to `cd` in the user's `$HOME` to trigger programs
 312    // such as direnv, asdf, mise, ... to adjust the PATH. These tools often hook
 313    // into shell's `cd` command (and hooks) to manipulate env.
 314    // We do this so that we get the env a user would have when spawning a shell
 315    // in home directory.
 316    for (name, value) in shell_env::capture(paths::home_dir())? {
 317        unsafe { env::set_var(&name, &value) };
 318    }
 319
 320    log::info!(
 321        "set environment variables from shell:{}, path:{}",
 322        std::env::var("SHELL").unwrap_or_default(),
 323        std::env::var("PATH").unwrap_or_default(),
 324    );
 325
 326    Ok(())
 327}
 328
 329/// Configures the process to start a new session, to prevent interactive shells from taking control
 330/// of the terminal.
 331///
 332/// For more details: https://registerspill.thorstenball.com/p/how-to-lose-control-of-your-shell
 333pub fn set_pre_exec_to_start_new_session(
 334    command: &mut std::process::Command,
 335) -> &mut std::process::Command {
 336    // safety: code in pre_exec should be signal safe.
 337    // https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man7/signal-safety.7.html
 338    #[cfg(not(target_os = "windows"))]
 339    unsafe {
 340        use std::os::unix::process::CommandExt;
 341        command.pre_exec(|| {
 342            libc::setsid();
 343            Ok(())
 344        });
 345    };
 346    command
 347}
 348
 349pub fn merge_json_lenient_value_into(
 350    source: serde_json_lenient::Value,
 351    target: &mut serde_json_lenient::Value,
 352) {
 353    match (source, target) {
 354        (serde_json_lenient::Value::Object(source), serde_json_lenient::Value::Object(target)) => {
 355            for (key, value) in source {
 356                if let Some(target) = target.get_mut(&key) {
 357                    merge_json_lenient_value_into(value, target);
 358                } else {
 359                    target.insert(key, value);
 360                }
 361            }
 362        }
 363
 364        (serde_json_lenient::Value::Array(source), serde_json_lenient::Value::Array(target)) => {
 365            for value in source {
 366                target.push(value);
 367            }
 368        }
 369
 370        (source, target) => *target = source,
 371    }
 372}
 373
 374pub fn merge_json_value_into(source: serde_json::Value, target: &mut serde_json::Value) {
 375    use serde_json::Value;
 376
 377    match (source, target) {
 378        (Value::Object(source), Value::Object(target)) => {
 379            for (key, value) in source {
 380                if let Some(target) = target.get_mut(&key) {
 381                    merge_json_value_into(value, target);
 382                } else {
 383                    target.insert(key, value);
 384                }
 385            }
 386        }
 387
 388        (Value::Array(source), Value::Array(target)) => {
 389            for value in source {
 390                target.push(value);
 391            }
 392        }
 393
 394        (source, target) => *target = source,
 395    }
 396}
 397
 398pub fn merge_non_null_json_value_into(source: serde_json::Value, target: &mut serde_json::Value) {
 399    use serde_json::Value;
 400    if let Value::Object(source_object) = source {
 401        let target_object = if let Value::Object(target) = target {
 402            target
 403        } else {
 404            *target = Value::Object(Default::default());
 405            target.as_object_mut().unwrap()
 406        };
 407        for (key, value) in source_object {
 408            if let Some(target) = target_object.get_mut(&key) {
 409                merge_non_null_json_value_into(value, target);
 410            } else if !value.is_null() {
 411                target_object.insert(key, value);
 412            }
 413        }
 414    } else if !source.is_null() {
 415        *target = source
 416    }
 417}
 418
 419pub fn measure<R>(label: &str, f: impl FnOnce() -> R) -> R {
 420    static ZED_MEASUREMENTS: OnceLock<bool> = OnceLock::new();
 421    let zed_measurements = ZED_MEASUREMENTS.get_or_init(|| {
 422        env::var("ZED_MEASUREMENTS")
 423            .map(|measurements| measurements == "1" || measurements == "true")
 424            .unwrap_or(false)
 425    });
 426
 427    if *zed_measurements {
 428        let start = Instant::now();
 429        let result = f();
 430        let elapsed = start.elapsed();
 431        eprintln!("{}: {:?}", label, elapsed);
 432        result
 433    } else {
 434        f()
 435    }
 436}
 437
 438pub fn expanded_and_wrapped_usize_range(
 439    range: Range<usize>,
 440    additional_before: usize,
 441    additional_after: usize,
 442    wrap_length: usize,
 443) -> impl Iterator<Item = usize> {
 444    let start_wraps = range.start < additional_before;
 445    let end_wraps = wrap_length < range.end + additional_after;
 446    if start_wraps && end_wraps {
 447        Either::Left(0..wrap_length)
 448    } else if start_wraps {
 449        let wrapped_start = (range.start + wrap_length).saturating_sub(additional_before);
 450        if wrapped_start <= range.end {
 451            Either::Left(0..wrap_length)
 452        } else {
 453            Either::Right((0..range.end + additional_after).chain(wrapped_start..wrap_length))
 454        }
 455    } else if end_wraps {
 456        let wrapped_end = range.end + additional_after - wrap_length;
 457        if range.start <= wrapped_end {
 458            Either::Left(0..wrap_length)
 459        } else {
 460            Either::Right((0..wrapped_end).chain(range.start - additional_before..wrap_length))
 461        }
 462    } else {
 463        Either::Left((range.start - additional_before)..(range.end + additional_after))
 464    }
 465}
 466
 467/// Yields `[i, i + 1, i - 1, i + 2, ..]`, each modulo `wrap_length` and bounded by
 468/// `additional_before` and `additional_after`. If the wrapping causes overlap, duplicates are not
 469/// emitted. If wrap_length is 0, nothing is yielded.
 470pub fn wrapped_usize_outward_from(
 471    start: usize,
 472    additional_before: usize,
 473    additional_after: usize,
 474    wrap_length: usize,
 475) -> impl Iterator<Item = usize> {
 476    let mut count = 0;
 477    let mut after_offset = 1;
 478    let mut before_offset = 1;
 479
 480    std::iter::from_fn(move || {
 481        count += 1;
 482        if count > wrap_length {
 483            None
 484        } else if count == 1 {
 485            Some(start % wrap_length)
 486        } else if after_offset <= additional_after && after_offset <= before_offset {
 487            let value = (start + after_offset) % wrap_length;
 488            after_offset += 1;
 489            Some(value)
 490        } else if before_offset <= additional_before {
 491            let value = (start + wrap_length - before_offset) % wrap_length;
 492            before_offset += 1;
 493            Some(value)
 494        } else if after_offset <= additional_after {
 495            let value = (start + after_offset) % wrap_length;
 496            after_offset += 1;
 497            Some(value)
 498        } else {
 499            None
 500        }
 501    })
 502}
 503
 504#[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
 505pub fn get_windows_system_shell() -> String {
 506    use std::path::PathBuf;
 507
 508    fn find_pwsh_in_programfiles(find_alternate: bool, find_preview: bool) -> Option<PathBuf> {
 509        #[cfg(target_pointer_width = "64")]
 510        let env_var = if find_alternate {
 511            "ProgramFiles(x86)"
 512        } else {
 513            "ProgramFiles"
 514        };
 515
 516        #[cfg(target_pointer_width = "32")]
 517        let env_var = if find_alternate {
 518            "ProgramW6432"
 519        } else {
 520            "ProgramFiles"
 521        };
 522
 523        let install_base_dir = PathBuf::from(std::env::var_os(env_var)?).join("PowerShell");
 524        install_base_dir
 525            .read_dir()
 526            .ok()?
 527            .filter_map(Result::ok)
 528            .filter(|entry| matches!(entry.file_type(), Ok(ft) if ft.is_dir()))
 529            .filter_map(|entry| {
 530                let dir_name = entry.file_name();
 531                let dir_name = dir_name.to_string_lossy();
 532
 533                let version = if find_preview {
 534                    let dash_index = dir_name.find('-')?;
 535                    if &dir_name[dash_index + 1..] != "preview" {
 536                        return None;
 537                    };
 538                    dir_name[..dash_index].parse::<u32>().ok()?
 539                } else {
 540                    dir_name.parse::<u32>().ok()?
 541                };
 542
 543                let exe_path = entry.path().join("pwsh.exe");
 544                if exe_path.exists() {
 545                    Some((version, exe_path))
 546                } else {
 547                    None
 548                }
 549            })
 550            .max_by_key(|(version, _)| *version)
 551            .map(|(_, path)| path)
 552    }
 553
 554    fn find_pwsh_in_msix(find_preview: bool) -> Option<PathBuf> {
 555        let msix_app_dir =
 556            PathBuf::from(std::env::var_os("LOCALAPPDATA")?).join("Microsoft\\WindowsApps");
 557        if !msix_app_dir.exists() {
 558            return None;
 559        }
 560
 561        let prefix = if find_preview {
 562            "Microsoft.PowerShellPreview_"
 563        } else {
 564            "Microsoft.PowerShell_"
 565        };
 566        msix_app_dir
 567            .read_dir()
 568            .ok()?
 569            .filter_map(|entry| {
 570                let entry = entry.ok()?;
 571                if !matches!(entry.file_type(), Ok(ft) if ft.is_dir()) {
 572                    return None;
 573                }
 574
 575                if !entry.file_name().to_string_lossy().starts_with(prefix) {
 576                    return None;
 577                }
 578
 579                let exe_path = entry.path().join("pwsh.exe");
 580                exe_path.exists().then_some(exe_path)
 581            })
 582            .next()
 583    }
 584
 585    fn find_pwsh_in_scoop() -> Option<PathBuf> {
 586        let pwsh_exe =
 587            PathBuf::from(std::env::var_os("USERPROFILE")?).join("scoop\\shims\\pwsh.exe");
 588        pwsh_exe.exists().then_some(pwsh_exe)
 589    }
 590
 591    static SYSTEM_SHELL: LazyLock<String> = LazyLock::new(|| {
 592        find_pwsh_in_programfiles(false, false)
 593            .or_else(|| find_pwsh_in_programfiles(true, false))
 594            .or_else(|| find_pwsh_in_msix(false))
 595            .or_else(|| find_pwsh_in_programfiles(false, true))
 596            .or_else(|| find_pwsh_in_msix(true))
 597            .or_else(|| find_pwsh_in_programfiles(true, true))
 598            .or_else(find_pwsh_in_scoop)
 599            .map(|p| p.to_string_lossy().to_string())
 600            .unwrap_or("powershell.exe".to_string())
 601    });
 602
 603    (*SYSTEM_SHELL).clone()
 604}
 605
 606pub trait ResultExt<E> {
 607    type Ok;
 608
 609    fn log_err(self) -> Option<Self::Ok>;
 610    /// Assert that this result should never be an error in development or tests.
 611    fn debug_assert_ok(self, reason: &str) -> Self;
 612    fn warn_on_err(self) -> Option<Self::Ok>;
 613    fn log_with_level(self, level: log::Level) -> Option<Self::Ok>;
 614    fn anyhow(self) -> anyhow::Result<Self::Ok>
 615    where
 616        E: Into<anyhow::Error>;
 617}
 618
 619impl<T, E> ResultExt<E> for Result<T, E>
 620where
 621    E: std::fmt::Debug,
 622{
 623    type Ok = T;
 624
 625    #[track_caller]
 626    fn log_err(self) -> Option<T> {
 627        self.log_with_level(log::Level::Error)
 628    }
 629
 630    #[track_caller]
 631    fn debug_assert_ok(self, reason: &str) -> Self {
 632        if let Err(error) = &self {
 633            debug_panic!("{reason} - {error:?}");
 634        }
 635        self
 636    }
 637
 638    #[track_caller]
 639    fn warn_on_err(self) -> Option<T> {
 640        self.log_with_level(log::Level::Warn)
 641    }
 642
 643    #[track_caller]
 644    fn log_with_level(self, level: log::Level) -> Option<T> {
 645        match self {
 646            Ok(value) => Some(value),
 647            Err(error) => {
 648                log_error_with_caller(*Location::caller(), error, level);
 649                None
 650            }
 651        }
 652    }
 653
 654    fn anyhow(self) -> anyhow::Result<T>
 655    where
 656        E: Into<anyhow::Error>,
 657    {
 658        self.map_err(Into::into)
 659    }
 660}
 661
 662fn log_error_with_caller<E>(caller: core::panic::Location<'_>, error: E, level: log::Level)
 663where
 664    E: std::fmt::Debug,
 665{
 666    #[cfg(not(target_os = "windows"))]
 667    let file = caller.file();
 668    #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
 669    let file = caller.file().replace('\\', "/");
 670    // In this codebase, the first segment of the file path is
 671    // the 'crates' folder, followed by the crate name.
 672    let target = file.split('/').nth(1);
 673
 674    log::logger().log(
 675        &log::Record::builder()
 676            .target(target.unwrap_or(""))
 677            .module_path(target)
 678            .args(format_args!("{:?}", error))
 679            .file(Some(caller.file()))
 680            .line(Some(caller.line()))
 681            .level(level)
 682            .build(),
 683    );
 684}
 685
 686pub fn log_err<E: std::fmt::Debug>(error: &E) {
 687    log_error_with_caller(*Location::caller(), error, log::Level::Warn);
 688}
 689
 690pub trait TryFutureExt {
 691    fn log_err(self) -> LogErrorFuture<Self>
 692    where
 693        Self: Sized;
 694
 695    fn log_tracked_err(self, location: core::panic::Location<'static>) -> LogErrorFuture<Self>
 696    where
 697        Self: Sized;
 698
 699    fn warn_on_err(self) -> LogErrorFuture<Self>
 700    where
 701        Self: Sized;
 702    fn unwrap(self) -> UnwrapFuture<Self>
 703    where
 704        Self: Sized;
 705}
 706
 707impl<F, T, E> TryFutureExt for F
 708where
 709    F: Future<Output = Result<T, E>>,
 710    E: std::fmt::Debug,
 711{
 712    #[track_caller]
 713    fn log_err(self) -> LogErrorFuture<Self>
 714    where
 715        Self: Sized,
 716    {
 717        let location = Location::caller();
 718        LogErrorFuture(self, log::Level::Error, *location)
 719    }
 720
 721    fn log_tracked_err(self, location: core::panic::Location<'static>) -> LogErrorFuture<Self>
 722    where
 723        Self: Sized,
 724    {
 725        LogErrorFuture(self, log::Level::Error, location)
 726    }
 727
 728    #[track_caller]
 729    fn warn_on_err(self) -> LogErrorFuture<Self>
 730    where
 731        Self: Sized,
 732    {
 733        let location = Location::caller();
 734        LogErrorFuture(self, log::Level::Warn, *location)
 735    }
 736
 737    fn unwrap(self) -> UnwrapFuture<Self>
 738    where
 739        Self: Sized,
 740    {
 741        UnwrapFuture(self)
 742    }
 743}
 744
 745#[must_use]
 746pub struct LogErrorFuture<F>(F, log::Level, core::panic::Location<'static>);
 747
 748impl<F, T, E> Future for LogErrorFuture<F>
 749where
 750    F: Future<Output = Result<T, E>>,
 751    E: std::fmt::Debug,
 752{
 753    type Output = Option<T>;
 754
 755    fn poll(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context) -> Poll<Self::Output> {
 756        let level = self.1;
 757        let location = self.2;
 758        let inner = unsafe { Pin::new_unchecked(&mut self.get_unchecked_mut().0) };
 759        match inner.poll(cx) {
 760            Poll::Ready(output) => Poll::Ready(match output {
 761                Ok(output) => Some(output),
 762                Err(error) => {
 763                    log_error_with_caller(location, error, level);
 764                    None
 765                }
 766            }),
 767            Poll::Pending => Poll::Pending,
 768        }
 769    }
 770}
 771
 772pub struct UnwrapFuture<F>(F);
 773
 774impl<F, T, E> Future for UnwrapFuture<F>
 775where
 776    F: Future<Output = Result<T, E>>,
 777    E: std::fmt::Debug,
 778{
 779    type Output = T;
 780
 781    fn poll(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context) -> Poll<Self::Output> {
 782        let inner = unsafe { Pin::new_unchecked(&mut self.get_unchecked_mut().0) };
 783        match inner.poll(cx) {
 784            Poll::Ready(result) => Poll::Ready(result.unwrap()),
 785            Poll::Pending => Poll::Pending,
 786        }
 787    }
 788}
 789
 790pub struct Deferred<F: FnOnce()>(Option<F>);
 791
 792impl<F: FnOnce()> Deferred<F> {
 793    /// Drop without running the deferred function.
 794    pub fn abort(mut self) {
 795        self.0.take();
 796    }
 797}
 798
 799impl<F: FnOnce()> Drop for Deferred<F> {
 800    fn drop(&mut self) {
 801        if let Some(f) = self.0.take() {
 802            f()
 803        }
 804    }
 805}
 806
 807/// Run the given function when the returned value is dropped (unless it's cancelled).
 808#[must_use]
 809pub fn defer<F: FnOnce()>(f: F) -> Deferred<F> {
 810    Deferred(Some(f))
 811}
 812
 813#[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-support"))]
 814mod rng {
 815    use rand::{Rng, seq::SliceRandom};
 816    pub struct RandomCharIter<T: Rng> {
 817        rng: T,
 818        simple_text: bool,
 819    }
 820
 821    impl<T: Rng> RandomCharIter<T> {
 822        pub fn new(rng: T) -> Self {
 823            Self {
 824                rng,
 825                simple_text: std::env::var("SIMPLE_TEXT").map_or(false, |v| !v.is_empty()),
 826            }
 827        }
 828
 829        pub fn with_simple_text(mut self) -> Self {
 830            self.simple_text = true;
 831            self
 832        }
 833    }
 834
 835    impl<T: Rng> Iterator for RandomCharIter<T> {
 836        type Item = char;
 837
 838        fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
 839            if self.simple_text {
 840                return if self.rng.gen_range(0..100) < 5 {
 841                    Some('\n')
 842                } else {
 843                    Some(self.rng.gen_range(b'a'..b'z' + 1).into())
 844                };
 845            }
 846
 847            match self.rng.gen_range(0..100) {
 848                // whitespace
 849                0..=19 => [' ', '\n', '\r', '\t'].choose(&mut self.rng).copied(),
 850                // two-byte greek letters
 851                20..=32 => char::from_u32(self.rng.gen_range(('Ξ±' as u32)..('Ο‰' as u32 + 1))),
 852                // // three-byte characters
 853                33..=45 => ['βœ‹', 'βœ…', '❌', '❎', '⭐']
 854                    .choose(&mut self.rng)
 855                    .copied(),
 856                // // four-byte characters
 857                46..=58 => ['🍐', 'πŸ€', 'πŸ—', 'πŸŽ‰'].choose(&mut self.rng).copied(),
 858                // ascii letters
 859                _ => Some(self.rng.gen_range(b'a'..b'z' + 1).into()),
 860            }
 861        }
 862    }
 863}
 864#[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-support"))]
 865pub use rng::RandomCharIter;
 866
 867/// Get an embedded file as a string.
 868pub fn asset_str<A: rust_embed::RustEmbed>(path: &str) -> Cow<'static, str> {
 869    match A::get(path).expect(path).data {
 870        Cow::Borrowed(bytes) => Cow::Borrowed(std::str::from_utf8(bytes).unwrap()),
 871        Cow::Owned(bytes) => Cow::Owned(String::from_utf8(bytes).unwrap()),
 872    }
 873}
 874
 875/// Expands to an immediately-invoked function expression. Good for using the ? operator
 876/// in functions which do not return an Option or Result.
 877///
 878/// Accepts a normal block, an async block, or an async move block.
 879#[macro_export]
 880macro_rules! maybe {
 881    ($block:block) => {
 882        (|| $block)()
 883    };
 884    (async $block:block) => {
 885        (|| async $block)()
 886    };
 887    (async move $block:block) => {
 888        (|| async move $block)()
 889    };
 890}
 891
 892pub trait RangeExt<T> {
 893    fn sorted(&self) -> Self;
 894    fn to_inclusive(&self) -> RangeInclusive<T>;
 895    fn overlaps(&self, other: &Range<T>) -> bool;
 896    fn contains_inclusive(&self, other: &Range<T>) -> bool;
 897}
 898
 899impl<T: Ord + Clone> RangeExt<T> for Range<T> {
 900    fn sorted(&self) -> Self {
 901        cmp::min(&self.start, &self.end).clone()..cmp::max(&self.start, &self.end).clone()
 902    }
 903
 904    fn to_inclusive(&self) -> RangeInclusive<T> {
 905        self.start.clone()..=self.end.clone()
 906    }
 907
 908    fn overlaps(&self, other: &Range<T>) -> bool {
 909        self.start < other.end && other.start < self.end
 910    }
 911
 912    fn contains_inclusive(&self, other: &Range<T>) -> bool {
 913        self.start <= other.start && other.end <= self.end
 914    }
 915}
 916
 917impl<T: Ord + Clone> RangeExt<T> for RangeInclusive<T> {
 918    fn sorted(&self) -> Self {
 919        cmp::min(self.start(), self.end()).clone()..=cmp::max(self.start(), self.end()).clone()
 920    }
 921
 922    fn to_inclusive(&self) -> RangeInclusive<T> {
 923        self.clone()
 924    }
 925
 926    fn overlaps(&self, other: &Range<T>) -> bool {
 927        self.start() < &other.end && &other.start <= self.end()
 928    }
 929
 930    fn contains_inclusive(&self, other: &Range<T>) -> bool {
 931        self.start() <= &other.start && &other.end <= self.end()
 932    }
 933}
 934
 935/// A way to sort strings with starting numbers numerically first, falling back to alphanumeric one,
 936/// case-insensitive.
 937///
 938/// This is useful for turning regular alphanumerically sorted sequences as `1-abc, 10, 11-def, .., 2, 21-abc`
 939/// into `1-abc, 2, 10, 11-def, .., 21-abc`
 940#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
 941pub struct NumericPrefixWithSuffix<'a>(Option<u64>, &'a str);
 942
 943impl<'a> NumericPrefixWithSuffix<'a> {
 944    pub fn from_numeric_prefixed_str(str: &'a str) -> Self {
 945        let i = str.chars().take_while(|c| c.is_ascii_digit()).count();
 946        let (prefix, remainder) = str.split_at(i);
 947
 948        let prefix = prefix.parse().ok();
 949        Self(prefix, remainder)
 950    }
 951}
 952
 953/// When dealing with equality, we need to consider the case of the strings to achieve strict equality
 954/// to handle cases like "a" < "A" instead of "a" == "A".
 955impl Ord for NumericPrefixWithSuffix<'_> {
 956    fn cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Ordering {
 957        match (self.0, other.0) {
 958            (None, None) => UniCase::new(self.1)
 959                .cmp(&UniCase::new(other.1))
 960                .then_with(|| self.1.cmp(other.1).reverse()),
 961            (None, Some(_)) => Ordering::Greater,
 962            (Some(_), None) => Ordering::Less,
 963            (Some(a), Some(b)) => a.cmp(&b).then_with(|| {
 964                UniCase::new(self.1)
 965                    .cmp(&UniCase::new(other.1))
 966                    .then_with(|| self.1.cmp(other.1).reverse())
 967            }),
 968        }
 969    }
 970}
 971
 972impl PartialOrd for NumericPrefixWithSuffix<'_> {
 973    fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Option<Ordering> {
 974        Some(self.cmp(other))
 975    }
 976}
 977
 978/// Capitalizes the first character of a string.
 979///
 980/// This function takes a string slice as input and returns a new `String` with the first character
 981/// capitalized.
 982///
 983/// # Examples
 984///
 985/// ```
 986/// use util::capitalize;
 987///
 988/// assert_eq!(capitalize("hello"), "Hello");
 989/// assert_eq!(capitalize("WORLD"), "WORLD");
 990/// assert_eq!(capitalize(""), "");
 991/// ```
 992pub fn capitalize(str: &str) -> String {
 993    let mut chars = str.chars();
 994    match chars.next() {
 995        None => String::new(),
 996        Some(first_char) => first_char.to_uppercase().collect::<String>() + chars.as_str(),
 997    }
 998}
 999
1000fn emoji_regex() -> &'static Regex {
1001    static EMOJI_REGEX: LazyLock<Regex> =
1002        LazyLock::new(|| Regex::new("(\\p{Emoji}|\u{200D})").unwrap());
1003    &EMOJI_REGEX
1004}
1005
1006/// Returns true if the given string consists of emojis only.
1007/// E.g. "πŸ‘¨β€πŸ‘©β€πŸ‘§β€πŸ‘§πŸ‘‹" will return true, but "πŸ‘‹!" will return false.
1008pub fn word_consists_of_emojis(s: &str) -> bool {
1009    let mut prev_end = 0;
1010    for capture in emoji_regex().find_iter(s) {
1011        if capture.start() != prev_end {
1012            return false;
1013        }
1014        prev_end = capture.end();
1015    }
1016    prev_end == s.len()
1017}
1018
1019/// Similar to `str::split`, but also provides byte-offset ranges of the results. Unlike
1020/// `str::split`, this is not generic on pattern types and does not return an `Iterator`.
1021pub fn split_str_with_ranges(s: &str, pat: impl Fn(char) -> bool) -> Vec<(Range<usize>, &str)> {
1022    let mut result = Vec::new();
1023    let mut start = 0;
1024
1025    for (i, ch) in s.char_indices() {
1026        if pat(ch) {
1027            if i > start {
1028                result.push((start..i, &s[start..i]));
1029            }
1030            start = i + ch.len_utf8();
1031        }
1032    }
1033
1034    if s.len() > start {
1035        result.push((start..s.len(), &s[start..s.len()]));
1036    }
1037
1038    result
1039}
1040
1041pub fn default<D: Default>() -> D {
1042    Default::default()
1043}
1044
1045pub fn get_system_shell() -> String {
1046    #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
1047    {
1048        get_windows_system_shell()
1049    }
1050
1051    #[cfg(not(target_os = "windows"))]
1052    {
1053        std::env::var("SHELL").unwrap_or("/bin/sh".to_string())
1054    }
1055}
1056
1057#[derive(Debug)]
1058pub enum ConnectionResult<O> {
1059    Timeout,
1060    ConnectionReset,
1061    Result(anyhow::Result<O>),
1062}
1063
1064impl<O> ConnectionResult<O> {
1065    pub fn into_response(self) -> anyhow::Result<O> {
1066        match self {
1067            ConnectionResult::Timeout => anyhow::bail!("Request timed out"),
1068            ConnectionResult::ConnectionReset => anyhow::bail!("Server reset the connection"),
1069            ConnectionResult::Result(r) => r,
1070        }
1071    }
1072}
1073
1074impl<O> From<anyhow::Result<O>> for ConnectionResult<O> {
1075    fn from(result: anyhow::Result<O>) -> Self {
1076        ConnectionResult::Result(result)
1077    }
1078}
1079
1080#[cfg(test)]
1081mod tests {
1082    use super::*;
1083
1084    #[test]
1085    fn test_extend_sorted() {
1086        let mut vec = vec![];
1087
1088        extend_sorted(&mut vec, vec![21, 17, 13, 8, 1, 0], 5, |a, b| b.cmp(a));
1089        assert_eq!(vec, &[21, 17, 13, 8, 1]);
1090
1091        extend_sorted(&mut vec, vec![101, 19, 17, 8, 2], 8, |a, b| b.cmp(a));
1092        assert_eq!(vec, &[101, 21, 19, 17, 13, 8, 2, 1]);
1093
1094        extend_sorted(&mut vec, vec![1000, 19, 17, 9, 5], 8, |a, b| b.cmp(a));
1095        assert_eq!(vec, &[1000, 101, 21, 19, 17, 13, 9, 8]);
1096    }
1097
1098    #[test]
1099    fn test_get_shell_safe_zed_path_with_spaces() {
1100        // Test that shlex::try_quote handles paths with spaces correctly
1101        let path_with_spaces = "/Applications/Zed Nightly.app/Contents/MacOS/zed";
1102        let quoted = shlex::try_quote(path_with_spaces).unwrap();
1103
1104        // The quoted path should be properly escaped for shell use
1105        assert!(quoted.contains(path_with_spaces));
1106
1107        // When used in a shell command, it should not be split at spaces
1108        let command = format!("sh -c '{} --printenv'", quoted);
1109        println!("Command would be: {}", command);
1110
1111        // Test that shlex can parse it back correctly
1112        let parsed = shlex::split(&format!("{} --printenv", quoted)).unwrap();
1113        assert_eq!(parsed.len(), 2);
1114        assert_eq!(parsed[0], path_with_spaces);
1115        assert_eq!(parsed[1], "--printenv");
1116    }
1117
1118    #[test]
1119    fn test_shell_command_construction_with_quoted_path() {
1120        // Test the specific pattern used in shell_env.rs to ensure proper quoting
1121        let path_with_spaces = "/Applications/Zed Nightly.app/Contents/MacOS/zed";
1122        let quoted_path = shlex::try_quote(path_with_spaces).unwrap();
1123
1124        // This should be: '/Applications/Zed Nightly.app/Contents/MacOS/zed'
1125        assert_eq!(
1126            quoted_path,
1127            "'/Applications/Zed Nightly.app/Contents/MacOS/zed'"
1128        );
1129
1130        // Test the command construction pattern from shell_env.rs
1131        // The fixed version should use double quotes around the entire sh -c argument
1132        let env_fd = 0;
1133        let command = format!("sh -c \"{} --printenv >&{}\";", quoted_path, env_fd);
1134
1135        // This should produce: sh -c "'/Applications/Zed Nightly.app/Contents/MacOS/zed' --printenv >&0";
1136        let expected =
1137            "sh -c \"'/Applications/Zed Nightly.app/Contents/MacOS/zed' --printenv >&0\";";
1138        assert_eq!(command, expected);
1139
1140        // The command should not contain the problematic double single-quote pattern
1141        assert!(!command.contains("''"));
1142    }
1143
1144    #[test]
1145    fn test_truncate_to_bottom_n_sorted_by() {
1146        let mut vec: Vec<u32> = vec![5, 2, 3, 4, 1];
1147        truncate_to_bottom_n_sorted_by(&mut vec, 10, &u32::cmp);
1148        assert_eq!(vec, &[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);
1149
1150        vec = vec![5, 2, 3, 4, 1];
1151        truncate_to_bottom_n_sorted_by(&mut vec, 5, &u32::cmp);
1152        assert_eq!(vec, &[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);
1153
1154        vec = vec![5, 2, 3, 4, 1];
1155        truncate_to_bottom_n_sorted_by(&mut vec, 4, &u32::cmp);
1156        assert_eq!(vec, &[1, 2, 3, 4]);
1157
1158        vec = vec![5, 2, 3, 4, 1];
1159        truncate_to_bottom_n_sorted_by(&mut vec, 1, &u32::cmp);
1160        assert_eq!(vec, &[1]);
1161
1162        vec = vec![5, 2, 3, 4, 1];
1163        truncate_to_bottom_n_sorted_by(&mut vec, 0, &u32::cmp);
1164        assert!(vec.is_empty());
1165    }
1166
1167    #[test]
1168    fn test_iife() {
1169        fn option_returning_function() -> Option<()> {
1170            None
1171        }
1172
1173        let foo = maybe!({
1174            option_returning_function()?;
1175            Some(())
1176        });
1177
1178        assert_eq!(foo, None);
1179    }
1180
1181    #[test]
1182    fn test_truncate_and_trailoff() {
1183        assert_eq!(truncate_and_trailoff("", 5), "");
1184        assert_eq!(truncate_and_trailoff("aaaaaa", 7), "aaaaaa");
1185        assert_eq!(truncate_and_trailoff("aaaaaa", 6), "aaaaaa");
1186        assert_eq!(truncate_and_trailoff("aaaaaa", 5), "aaaaa…");
1187        assert_eq!(truncate_and_trailoff("èèèèèè", 7), "èèèèèè");
1188        assert_eq!(truncate_and_trailoff("èèèèèè", 6), "èèèèèè");
1189        assert_eq!(truncate_and_trailoff("èèèèèè", 5), "èèèèè…");
1190    }
1191
1192    #[test]
1193    fn test_truncate_and_remove_front() {
1194        assert_eq!(truncate_and_remove_front("", 5), "");
1195        assert_eq!(truncate_and_remove_front("aaaaaa", 7), "aaaaaa");
1196        assert_eq!(truncate_and_remove_front("aaaaaa", 6), "aaaaaa");
1197        assert_eq!(truncate_and_remove_front("aaaaaa", 5), "…aaaaa");
1198        assert_eq!(truncate_and_remove_front("èèèèèè", 7), "èèèèèè");
1199        assert_eq!(truncate_and_remove_front("èèèèèè", 6), "èèèèèè");
1200        assert_eq!(truncate_and_remove_front("èèèèèè", 5), "…èèèèè");
1201    }
1202
1203    #[test]
1204    fn test_numeric_prefix_str_method() {
1205        let target = "1a";
1206        assert_eq!(
1207            NumericPrefixWithSuffix::from_numeric_prefixed_str(target),
1208            NumericPrefixWithSuffix(Some(1), "a")
1209        );
1210
1211        let target = "12ab";
1212        assert_eq!(
1213            NumericPrefixWithSuffix::from_numeric_prefixed_str(target),
1214            NumericPrefixWithSuffix(Some(12), "ab")
1215        );
1216
1217        let target = "12_ab";
1218        assert_eq!(
1219            NumericPrefixWithSuffix::from_numeric_prefixed_str(target),
1220            NumericPrefixWithSuffix(Some(12), "_ab")
1221        );
1222
1223        let target = "1_2ab";
1224        assert_eq!(
1225            NumericPrefixWithSuffix::from_numeric_prefixed_str(target),
1226            NumericPrefixWithSuffix(Some(1), "_2ab")
1227        );
1228
1229        let target = "1.2";
1230        assert_eq!(
1231            NumericPrefixWithSuffix::from_numeric_prefixed_str(target),
1232            NumericPrefixWithSuffix(Some(1), ".2")
1233        );
1234
1235        let target = "1.2_a";
1236        assert_eq!(
1237            NumericPrefixWithSuffix::from_numeric_prefixed_str(target),
1238            NumericPrefixWithSuffix(Some(1), ".2_a")
1239        );
1240
1241        let target = "12.2_a";
1242        assert_eq!(
1243            NumericPrefixWithSuffix::from_numeric_prefixed_str(target),
1244            NumericPrefixWithSuffix(Some(12), ".2_a")
1245        );
1246
1247        let target = "12a.2_a";
1248        assert_eq!(
1249            NumericPrefixWithSuffix::from_numeric_prefixed_str(target),
1250            NumericPrefixWithSuffix(Some(12), "a.2_a")
1251        );
1252    }
1253
1254    #[test]
1255    fn test_numeric_prefix_with_suffix() {
1256        let mut sorted = vec!["1-abc", "10", "11def", "2", "21-abc"];
1257        sorted.sort_by_key(|s| NumericPrefixWithSuffix::from_numeric_prefixed_str(s));
1258        assert_eq!(sorted, ["1-abc", "2", "10", "11def", "21-abc"]);
1259
1260        for numeric_prefix_less in ["numeric_prefix_less", "aaa", "~β„’Β£"] {
1261            assert_eq!(
1262                NumericPrefixWithSuffix::from_numeric_prefixed_str(numeric_prefix_less),
1263                NumericPrefixWithSuffix(None, numeric_prefix_less),
1264                "String without numeric prefix `{numeric_prefix_less}` should not be converted into NumericPrefixWithSuffix"
1265            )
1266        }
1267    }
1268
1269    #[test]
1270    fn test_word_consists_of_emojis() {
1271        let words_to_test = vec![
1272            ("πŸ‘¨β€πŸ‘©β€πŸ‘§β€πŸ‘§πŸ‘‹πŸ₯’", true),
1273            ("πŸ‘‹", true),
1274            ("!πŸ‘‹", false),
1275            ("πŸ‘‹!", false),
1276            ("πŸ‘‹ ", false),
1277            (" πŸ‘‹", false),
1278            ("Test", false),
1279        ];
1280
1281        for (text, expected_result) in words_to_test {
1282            assert_eq!(word_consists_of_emojis(text), expected_result);
1283        }
1284    }
1285
1286    #[test]
1287    fn test_truncate_lines_and_trailoff() {
1288        let text = r#"Line 1
1289Line 2
1290Line 3"#;
1291
1292        assert_eq!(
1293            truncate_lines_and_trailoff(text, 2),
1294            r#"Line 1
1295…"#
1296        );
1297
1298        assert_eq!(
1299            truncate_lines_and_trailoff(text, 3),
1300            r#"Line 1
1301Line 2
1302…"#
1303        );
1304
1305        assert_eq!(
1306            truncate_lines_and_trailoff(text, 4),
1307            r#"Line 1
1308Line 2
1309Line 3"#
1310        );
1311    }
1312
1313    #[test]
1314    fn test_expanded_and_wrapped_usize_range() {
1315        // Neither wrap
1316        assert_eq!(
1317            expanded_and_wrapped_usize_range(2..4, 1, 1, 8).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1318            (1..5).collect::<Vec<usize>>()
1319        );
1320        // Start wraps
1321        assert_eq!(
1322            expanded_and_wrapped_usize_range(2..4, 3, 1, 8).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1323            ((0..5).chain(7..8)).collect::<Vec<usize>>()
1324        );
1325        // Start wraps all the way around
1326        assert_eq!(
1327            expanded_and_wrapped_usize_range(2..4, 5, 1, 8).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1328            (0..8).collect::<Vec<usize>>()
1329        );
1330        // Start wraps all the way around and past 0
1331        assert_eq!(
1332            expanded_and_wrapped_usize_range(2..4, 10, 1, 8).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1333            (0..8).collect::<Vec<usize>>()
1334        );
1335        // End wraps
1336        assert_eq!(
1337            expanded_and_wrapped_usize_range(3..5, 1, 4, 8).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1338            (0..1).chain(2..8).collect::<Vec<usize>>()
1339        );
1340        // End wraps all the way around
1341        assert_eq!(
1342            expanded_and_wrapped_usize_range(3..5, 1, 5, 8).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1343            (0..8).collect::<Vec<usize>>()
1344        );
1345        // End wraps all the way around and past the end
1346        assert_eq!(
1347            expanded_and_wrapped_usize_range(3..5, 1, 10, 8).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1348            (0..8).collect::<Vec<usize>>()
1349        );
1350        // Both start and end wrap
1351        assert_eq!(
1352            expanded_and_wrapped_usize_range(3..5, 4, 4, 8).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1353            (0..8).collect::<Vec<usize>>()
1354        );
1355    }
1356
1357    #[test]
1358    fn test_wrapped_usize_outward_from() {
1359        // No wrapping
1360        assert_eq!(
1361            wrapped_usize_outward_from(4, 2, 2, 10).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1362            vec![4, 5, 3, 6, 2]
1363        );
1364        // Wrapping at end
1365        assert_eq!(
1366            wrapped_usize_outward_from(8, 2, 3, 10).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1367            vec![8, 9, 7, 0, 6, 1]
1368        );
1369        // Wrapping at start
1370        assert_eq!(
1371            wrapped_usize_outward_from(1, 3, 2, 10).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1372            vec![1, 2, 0, 3, 9, 8]
1373        );
1374        // All values wrap around
1375        assert_eq!(
1376            wrapped_usize_outward_from(5, 10, 10, 8).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1377            vec![5, 6, 4, 7, 3, 0, 2, 1]
1378        );
1379        // None before / after
1380        assert_eq!(
1381            wrapped_usize_outward_from(3, 0, 0, 8).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1382            vec![3]
1383        );
1384        // Starting point already wrapped
1385        assert_eq!(
1386            wrapped_usize_outward_from(15, 2, 2, 10).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1387            vec![5, 6, 4, 7, 3]
1388        );
1389        // wrap_length of 0
1390        assert_eq!(
1391            wrapped_usize_outward_from(4, 2, 2, 0).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1392            Vec::<usize>::new()
1393        );
1394    }
1395
1396    #[test]
1397    fn test_split_with_ranges() {
1398        let input = "hi";
1399        let result = split_str_with_ranges(input, |c| c == ' ');
1400
1401        assert_eq!(result.len(), 1);
1402        assert_eq!(result[0], (0..2, "hi"));
1403
1404        let input = "hΓ©lloπŸ¦€world";
1405        let result = split_str_with_ranges(input, |c| c == 'πŸ¦€');
1406
1407        assert_eq!(result.len(), 2);
1408        assert_eq!(result[0], (0..6, "hΓ©llo")); // 'Γ©' is 2 bytes
1409        assert_eq!(result[1], (10..15, "world")); // 'πŸ¦€' is 4 bytes
1410    }
1411}