app.rs

   1mod async_context;
   2mod entity_map;
   3mod model_context;
   4#[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-support"))]
   5mod test_context;
   6
   7pub use async_context::*;
   8pub use entity_map::*;
   9pub use model_context::*;
  10use refineable::Refineable;
  11use smallvec::SmallVec;
  12#[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-support"))]
  13pub use test_context::*;
  14use uuid::Uuid;
  15
  16use crate::{
  17    current_platform, image_cache::ImageCache, Action, AnyBox, AnyView, AnyWindowHandle,
  18    AppMetadata, AssetSource, ClipboardItem, Context, DispatchPhase, DisplayId, Entity, Executor,
  19    FocusEvent, FocusHandle, FocusId, KeyBinding, Keymap, LayoutId, MainThread, MainThreadOnly,
  20    Pixels, Platform, PlatformDisplay, Point, Render, SharedString, SubscriberSet, Subscription,
  21    SvgRenderer, Task, TextStyle, TextStyleRefinement, TextSystem, View, ViewContext, Window,
  22    WindowContext, WindowHandle, WindowId,
  23};
  24use anyhow::{anyhow, Result};
  25use collections::{HashMap, HashSet, VecDeque};
  26use futures::{future::BoxFuture, Future};
  27use parking_lot::Mutex;
  28use slotmap::SlotMap;
  29use std::{
  30    any::{type_name, Any, TypeId},
  31    borrow::Borrow,
  32    marker::PhantomData,
  33    mem,
  34    ops::{Deref, DerefMut},
  35    path::PathBuf,
  36    rc::Rc,
  37    sync::{atomic::Ordering::SeqCst, Arc, Weak},
  38    time::Duration,
  39};
  40use util::http::{self, HttpClient};
  41
  42pub struct App(Arc<Mutex<AppContext>>);
  43
  44/// Represents an application before it is fully launched. Once your app is
  45/// configured, you'll start the app with `App::run`.
  46impl App {
  47    /// Builds an app with the given asset source.
  48    pub fn production(asset_source: Arc<dyn AssetSource>) -> Self {
  49        Self(AppContext::new(
  50            current_platform(),
  51            asset_source,
  52            http::client(),
  53        ))
  54    }
  55
  56    /// Start the application. The provided callback will be called once the
  57    /// app is fully launched.
  58    pub fn run<F>(self, on_finish_launching: F)
  59    where
  60        F: 'static + FnOnce(&mut MainThread<AppContext>),
  61    {
  62        let this = self.0.clone();
  63        let platform = self.0.lock().platform.clone();
  64        platform.borrow_on_main_thread().run(Box::new(move || {
  65            let cx = &mut *this.lock();
  66            let cx = unsafe { mem::transmute::<&mut AppContext, &mut MainThread<AppContext>>(cx) };
  67            on_finish_launching(cx);
  68        }));
  69    }
  70
  71    /// Register a handler to be invoked when the platform instructs the application
  72    /// to open one or more URLs.
  73    pub fn on_open_urls<F>(&self, mut callback: F) -> &Self
  74    where
  75        F: 'static + FnMut(Vec<String>, &mut AppContext),
  76    {
  77        let this = Arc::downgrade(&self.0);
  78        self.0
  79            .lock()
  80            .platform
  81            .borrow_on_main_thread()
  82            .on_open_urls(Box::new(move |urls| {
  83                if let Some(app) = this.upgrade() {
  84                    callback(urls, &mut app.lock());
  85                }
  86            }));
  87        self
  88    }
  89
  90    pub fn on_reopen<F>(&self, mut callback: F) -> &Self
  91    where
  92        F: 'static + FnMut(&mut AppContext),
  93    {
  94        let this = Arc::downgrade(&self.0);
  95        self.0
  96            .lock()
  97            .platform
  98            .borrow_on_main_thread()
  99            .on_reopen(Box::new(move || {
 100                if let Some(app) = this.upgrade() {
 101                    callback(&mut app.lock());
 102                }
 103            }));
 104        self
 105    }
 106
 107    pub fn metadata(&self) -> AppMetadata {
 108        self.0.lock().app_metadata.clone()
 109    }
 110
 111    pub fn executor(&self) -> Executor {
 112        self.0.lock().executor.clone()
 113    }
 114
 115    pub fn text_system(&self) -> Arc<TextSystem> {
 116        self.0.lock().text_system.clone()
 117    }
 118}
 119
 120type ActionBuilder = fn(json: Option<serde_json::Value>) -> anyhow::Result<Box<dyn Action>>;
 121type FrameCallback = Box<dyn FnOnce(&mut WindowContext) + Send>;
 122type Handler = Box<dyn FnMut(&mut AppContext) -> bool + Send + 'static>;
 123type Listener = Box<dyn FnMut(&dyn Any, &mut AppContext) -> bool + Send + 'static>;
 124type QuitHandler = Box<dyn FnMut(&mut AppContext) -> BoxFuture<'static, ()> + Send + 'static>;
 125type ReleaseListener = Box<dyn FnOnce(&mut dyn Any, &mut AppContext) + Send + 'static>;
 126
 127pub struct AppContext {
 128    this: Weak<Mutex<AppContext>>,
 129    pub(crate) platform: MainThreadOnly<dyn Platform>,
 130    app_metadata: AppMetadata,
 131    text_system: Arc<TextSystem>,
 132    flushing_effects: bool,
 133    pending_updates: usize,
 134    pub(crate) active_drag: Option<AnyDrag>,
 135    pub(crate) next_frame_callbacks: HashMap<DisplayId, Vec<FrameCallback>>,
 136    pub(crate) executor: Executor,
 137    pub(crate) svg_renderer: SvgRenderer,
 138    asset_source: Arc<dyn AssetSource>,
 139    pub(crate) image_cache: ImageCache,
 140    pub(crate) text_style_stack: Vec<TextStyleRefinement>,
 141    pub(crate) globals_by_type: HashMap<TypeId, AnyBox>,
 142    pub(crate) entities: EntityMap,
 143    pub(crate) windows: SlotMap<WindowId, Option<Window>>,
 144    pub(crate) keymap: Arc<Mutex<Keymap>>,
 145    pub(crate) global_action_listeners:
 146        HashMap<TypeId, Vec<Box<dyn Fn(&dyn Action, DispatchPhase, &mut Self) + Send>>>,
 147    action_builders: HashMap<SharedString, ActionBuilder>,
 148    pending_effects: VecDeque<Effect>,
 149    pub(crate) pending_notifications: HashSet<EntityId>,
 150    pub(crate) pending_global_notifications: HashSet<TypeId>,
 151    pub(crate) observers: SubscriberSet<EntityId, Handler>,
 152    pub(crate) event_listeners: SubscriberSet<EntityId, Listener>,
 153    pub(crate) release_listeners: SubscriberSet<EntityId, ReleaseListener>,
 154    pub(crate) global_observers: SubscriberSet<TypeId, Handler>,
 155    pub(crate) quit_observers: SubscriberSet<(), QuitHandler>,
 156    pub(crate) layout_id_buffer: Vec<LayoutId>, // We recycle this memory across layout requests.
 157    pub(crate) propagate_event: bool,
 158}
 159
 160impl AppContext {
 161    pub(crate) fn new(
 162        platform: Arc<dyn Platform>,
 163        asset_source: Arc<dyn AssetSource>,
 164        http_client: Arc<dyn HttpClient>,
 165    ) -> Arc<Mutex<Self>> {
 166        let executor = platform.executor();
 167        assert!(
 168            executor.is_main_thread(),
 169            "must construct App on main thread"
 170        );
 171
 172        let text_system = Arc::new(TextSystem::new(platform.text_system()));
 173        let entities = EntityMap::new();
 174
 175        let app_metadata = AppMetadata {
 176            os_name: platform.os_name(),
 177            os_version: platform.os_version().ok(),
 178            app_version: platform.app_version().ok(),
 179        };
 180
 181        Arc::new_cyclic(|this| {
 182            Mutex::new(AppContext {
 183                this: this.clone(),
 184                text_system,
 185                platform: MainThreadOnly::new(platform, executor.clone()),
 186                app_metadata,
 187                flushing_effects: false,
 188                pending_updates: 0,
 189                next_frame_callbacks: Default::default(),
 190                executor,
 191                svg_renderer: SvgRenderer::new(asset_source.clone()),
 192                asset_source,
 193                image_cache: ImageCache::new(http_client),
 194                text_style_stack: Vec::new(),
 195                globals_by_type: HashMap::default(),
 196                entities,
 197                windows: SlotMap::with_key(),
 198                keymap: Arc::new(Mutex::new(Keymap::default())),
 199                global_action_listeners: HashMap::default(),
 200                action_builders: HashMap::default(),
 201                pending_effects: VecDeque::new(),
 202                pending_notifications: HashSet::default(),
 203                pending_global_notifications: HashSet::default(),
 204                observers: SubscriberSet::new(),
 205                event_listeners: SubscriberSet::new(),
 206                release_listeners: SubscriberSet::new(),
 207                global_observers: SubscriberSet::new(),
 208                quit_observers: SubscriberSet::new(),
 209                layout_id_buffer: Default::default(),
 210                propagate_event: true,
 211                active_drag: None,
 212            })
 213        })
 214    }
 215
 216    /// Quit the application gracefully. Handlers registered with `ModelContext::on_app_quit`
 217    /// will be given 100ms to complete before exiting.
 218    pub fn quit(&mut self) {
 219        let mut futures = Vec::new();
 220
 221        self.quit_observers.clone().retain(&(), |observer| {
 222            futures.push(observer(self));
 223            true
 224        });
 225
 226        self.windows.clear();
 227        self.flush_effects();
 228
 229        let futures = futures::future::join_all(futures);
 230        if self
 231            .executor
 232            .block_with_timeout(Duration::from_millis(100), futures)
 233            .is_err()
 234        {
 235            log::error!("timed out waiting on app_will_quit");
 236        }
 237
 238        self.globals_by_type.clear();
 239    }
 240
 241    pub fn app_metadata(&self) -> AppMetadata {
 242        self.app_metadata.clone()
 243    }
 244
 245    /// Schedules all windows in the application to be redrawn. This can be called
 246    /// multiple times in an update cycle and still result in a single redraw.
 247    pub fn refresh(&mut self) {
 248        self.pending_effects.push_back(Effect::Refresh);
 249    }
 250
 251    pub(crate) fn update<R>(&mut self, update: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R) -> R {
 252        self.pending_updates += 1;
 253        let result = update(self);
 254        if !self.flushing_effects && self.pending_updates == 1 {
 255            self.flushing_effects = true;
 256            self.flush_effects();
 257            self.flushing_effects = false;
 258        }
 259        self.pending_updates -= 1;
 260        result
 261    }
 262
 263    pub fn windows(&self) -> Vec<AnyWindowHandle> {
 264        self.windows
 265            .values()
 266            .filter_map(|window| Some(window.as_ref()?.handle.clone()))
 267            .collect()
 268    }
 269
 270    pub(crate) fn read_window<R>(
 271        &mut self,
 272        handle: AnyWindowHandle,
 273        read: impl FnOnce(&WindowContext) -> R,
 274    ) -> Result<R> {
 275        let window = self
 276            .windows
 277            .get(handle.id)
 278            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("window not found"))?
 279            .as_ref()
 280            .unwrap();
 281        Ok(read(&WindowContext::immutable(self, &window)))
 282    }
 283
 284    pub(crate) fn update_window<R>(
 285        &mut self,
 286        handle: AnyWindowHandle,
 287        update: impl FnOnce(&mut WindowContext) -> R,
 288    ) -> Result<R> {
 289        self.update(|cx| {
 290            let mut window = cx
 291                .windows
 292                .get_mut(handle.id)
 293                .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("window not found"))?
 294                .take()
 295                .unwrap();
 296
 297            let result = update(&mut WindowContext::mutable(cx, &mut window));
 298
 299            cx.windows
 300                .get_mut(handle.id)
 301                .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("window not found"))?
 302                .replace(window);
 303
 304            Ok(result)
 305        })
 306    }
 307
 308    pub fn update_window_root<V, R>(
 309        &mut self,
 310        handle: &WindowHandle<V>,
 311        update: impl FnOnce(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<'_, '_, V>) -> R,
 312    ) -> Result<R>
 313    where
 314        V: 'static + Send,
 315    {
 316        self.update_window(handle.any_handle, |cx| {
 317            let root_view = cx
 318                .window
 319                .root_view
 320                .as_ref()
 321                .unwrap()
 322                .clone()
 323                .downcast()
 324                .unwrap();
 325            root_view.update(cx, update)
 326        })
 327    }
 328
 329    pub(crate) fn push_effect(&mut self, effect: Effect) {
 330        match &effect {
 331            Effect::Notify { emitter } => {
 332                if !self.pending_notifications.insert(*emitter) {
 333                    return;
 334                }
 335            }
 336            Effect::NotifyGlobalObservers { global_type } => {
 337                if !self.pending_global_notifications.insert(*global_type) {
 338                    return;
 339                }
 340            }
 341            _ => {}
 342        };
 343
 344        self.pending_effects.push_back(effect);
 345    }
 346
 347    /// Called at the end of AppContext::update to complete any side effects
 348    /// such as notifying observers, emitting events, etc. Effects can themselves
 349    /// cause effects, so we continue looping until all effects are processed.
 350    fn flush_effects(&mut self) {
 351        loop {
 352            self.release_dropped_entities();
 353            self.release_dropped_focus_handles();
 354            if let Some(effect) = self.pending_effects.pop_front() {
 355                match effect {
 356                    Effect::Notify { emitter } => {
 357                        self.apply_notify_effect(emitter);
 358                    }
 359                    Effect::Emit { emitter, event } => self.apply_emit_effect(emitter, event),
 360                    Effect::FocusChanged {
 361                        window_handle,
 362                        focused,
 363                    } => {
 364                        self.apply_focus_changed_effect(window_handle, focused);
 365                    }
 366                    Effect::Refresh => {
 367                        self.apply_refresh_effect();
 368                    }
 369                    Effect::NotifyGlobalObservers { global_type } => {
 370                        self.apply_notify_global_observers_effect(global_type);
 371                    }
 372                    Effect::Defer { callback } => {
 373                        self.apply_defer_effect(callback);
 374                    }
 375                }
 376            } else {
 377                break;
 378            }
 379        }
 380
 381        let dirty_window_ids = self
 382            .windows
 383            .iter()
 384            .filter_map(|(_, window)| {
 385                let window = window.as_ref().unwrap();
 386                if window.dirty {
 387                    Some(window.handle.clone())
 388                } else {
 389                    None
 390                }
 391            })
 392            .collect::<SmallVec<[_; 8]>>();
 393
 394        for dirty_window_handle in dirty_window_ids {
 395            self.update_window(dirty_window_handle, |cx| cx.draw())
 396                .unwrap();
 397        }
 398    }
 399
 400    /// Repeatedly called during `flush_effects` to release any entities whose
 401    /// reference count has become zero. We invoke any release observers before dropping
 402    /// each entity.
 403    fn release_dropped_entities(&mut self) {
 404        loop {
 405            let dropped = self.entities.take_dropped();
 406            if dropped.is_empty() {
 407                break;
 408            }
 409
 410            for (entity_id, mut entity) in dropped {
 411                self.observers.remove(&entity_id);
 412                self.event_listeners.remove(&entity_id);
 413                for release_callback in self.release_listeners.remove(&entity_id) {
 414                    release_callback(&mut entity, self);
 415                }
 416            }
 417        }
 418    }
 419
 420    /// Repeatedly called during `flush_effects` to handle a focused handle being dropped.
 421    /// For now, we simply blur the window if this happens, but we may want to support invoking
 422    /// a window blur handler to restore focus to some logical element.
 423    fn release_dropped_focus_handles(&mut self) {
 424        for window_handle in self.windows() {
 425            self.update_window(window_handle, |cx| {
 426                let mut blur_window = false;
 427                let focus = cx.window.focus;
 428                cx.window.focus_handles.write().retain(|handle_id, count| {
 429                    if count.load(SeqCst) == 0 {
 430                        if focus == Some(handle_id) {
 431                            blur_window = true;
 432                        }
 433                        false
 434                    } else {
 435                        true
 436                    }
 437                });
 438
 439                if blur_window {
 440                    cx.blur();
 441                }
 442            })
 443            .unwrap();
 444        }
 445    }
 446
 447    fn apply_notify_effect(&mut self, emitter: EntityId) {
 448        self.pending_notifications.remove(&emitter);
 449        self.observers
 450            .clone()
 451            .retain(&emitter, |handler| handler(self));
 452    }
 453
 454    fn apply_emit_effect(&mut self, emitter: EntityId, event: Box<dyn Any>) {
 455        self.event_listeners
 456            .clone()
 457            .retain(&emitter, |handler| handler(event.as_ref(), self));
 458    }
 459
 460    fn apply_focus_changed_effect(
 461        &mut self,
 462        window_handle: AnyWindowHandle,
 463        focused: Option<FocusId>,
 464    ) {
 465        self.update_window(window_handle, |cx| {
 466            if cx.window.focus == focused {
 467                let mut listeners = mem::take(&mut cx.window.focus_listeners);
 468                let focused =
 469                    focused.map(|id| FocusHandle::for_id(id, &cx.window.focus_handles).unwrap());
 470                let blurred = cx
 471                    .window
 472                    .last_blur
 473                    .take()
 474                    .unwrap()
 475                    .and_then(|id| FocusHandle::for_id(id, &cx.window.focus_handles));
 476                if focused.is_some() || blurred.is_some() {
 477                    let event = FocusEvent { focused, blurred };
 478                    for listener in &listeners {
 479                        listener(&event, cx);
 480                    }
 481                }
 482
 483                listeners.extend(cx.window.focus_listeners.drain(..));
 484                cx.window.focus_listeners = listeners;
 485            }
 486        })
 487        .ok();
 488    }
 489
 490    fn apply_refresh_effect(&mut self) {
 491        for window in self.windows.values_mut() {
 492            if let Some(window) = window.as_mut() {
 493                window.dirty = true;
 494            }
 495        }
 496    }
 497
 498    fn apply_notify_global_observers_effect(&mut self, type_id: TypeId) {
 499        self.pending_global_notifications.remove(&type_id);
 500        self.global_observers
 501            .clone()
 502            .retain(&type_id, |observer| observer(self));
 503    }
 504
 505    fn apply_defer_effect(&mut self, callback: Box<dyn FnOnce(&mut Self) + Send + 'static>) {
 506        callback(self);
 507    }
 508
 509    /// Creates an `AsyncAppContext`, which can be cloned and has a static lifetime
 510    /// so it can be held across `await` points.
 511    pub fn to_async(&self) -> AsyncAppContext {
 512        AsyncAppContext {
 513            app: unsafe { mem::transmute(self.this.clone()) },
 514            executor: self.executor.clone(),
 515        }
 516    }
 517
 518    /// Obtains a reference to the executor, which can be used to spawn futures.
 519    pub fn executor(&self) -> &Executor {
 520        &self.executor
 521    }
 522
 523    /// Runs the given closure on the main thread, where interaction with the platform
 524    /// is possible. The given closure will be invoked with a `MainThread<AppContext>`, which
 525    /// has platform-specific methods that aren't present on `AppContext`.
 526    pub fn run_on_main<R>(
 527        &mut self,
 528        f: impl FnOnce(&mut MainThread<AppContext>) -> R + Send + 'static,
 529    ) -> Task<R>
 530    where
 531        R: Send + 'static,
 532    {
 533        if self.executor.is_main_thread() {
 534            Task::ready(f(unsafe {
 535                mem::transmute::<&mut AppContext, &mut MainThread<AppContext>>(self)
 536            }))
 537        } else {
 538            let this = self.this.upgrade().unwrap();
 539            self.executor.run_on_main(move || {
 540                let cx = &mut *this.lock();
 541                cx.update(|cx| f(unsafe { mem::transmute::<&mut Self, &mut MainThread<Self>>(cx) }))
 542            })
 543        }
 544    }
 545
 546    /// Spawns the future returned by the given function on the main thread, where interaction with
 547    /// the platform is possible. The given closure will be invoked with a `MainThread<AsyncAppContext>`,
 548    /// which has platform-specific methods that aren't present on `AsyncAppContext`. The future will be
 549    /// polled exclusively on the main thread.
 550    // todo!("I think we need somehow to prevent the MainThread<AsyncAppContext> from implementing Send")
 551    pub fn spawn_on_main<F, R>(
 552        &self,
 553        f: impl FnOnce(MainThread<AsyncAppContext>) -> F + Send + 'static,
 554    ) -> Task<R>
 555    where
 556        F: Future<Output = R> + 'static,
 557        R: Send + 'static,
 558    {
 559        let cx = self.to_async();
 560        self.executor.spawn_on_main(move || f(MainThread(cx)))
 561    }
 562
 563    /// Spawns the future returned by the given function on the thread pool. The closure will be invoked
 564    /// with AsyncAppContext, which allows the application state to be accessed across await points.
 565    pub fn spawn<Fut, R>(&self, f: impl FnOnce(AsyncAppContext) -> Fut + Send + 'static) -> Task<R>
 566    where
 567        Fut: Future<Output = R> + Send + 'static,
 568        R: Send + 'static,
 569    {
 570        let cx = self.to_async();
 571        self.executor.spawn(async move {
 572            let future = f(cx);
 573            future.await
 574        })
 575    }
 576
 577    /// Schedules the given function to be run at the end of the current effect cycle, allowing entities
 578    /// that are currently on the stack to be returned to the app.
 579    pub fn defer(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut AppContext) + 'static + Send) {
 580        self.push_effect(Effect::Defer {
 581            callback: Box::new(f),
 582        });
 583    }
 584
 585    /// Accessor for the application's asset source, which is provided when constructing the `App`.
 586    pub fn asset_source(&self) -> &Arc<dyn AssetSource> {
 587        &self.asset_source
 588    }
 589
 590    /// Accessor for the text system.
 591    pub fn text_system(&self) -> &Arc<TextSystem> {
 592        &self.text_system
 593    }
 594
 595    /// The current text style. Which is composed of all the style refinements provided to `with_text_style`.
 596    pub fn text_style(&self) -> TextStyle {
 597        let mut style = TextStyle::default();
 598        for refinement in &self.text_style_stack {
 599            style.refine(refinement);
 600        }
 601        style
 602    }
 603
 604    /// Check whether a global of the given type has been assigned.
 605    pub fn has_global<G: 'static>(&self) -> bool {
 606        self.globals_by_type.contains_key(&TypeId::of::<G>())
 607    }
 608
 609    /// Access the global of the given type. Panics if a global for that type has not been assigned.
 610    pub fn global<G: 'static>(&self) -> &G {
 611        self.globals_by_type
 612            .get(&TypeId::of::<G>())
 613            .map(|any_state| any_state.downcast_ref::<G>().unwrap())
 614            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("no state of type {} exists", type_name::<G>()))
 615            .unwrap()
 616    }
 617
 618    /// Access the global of the given type if a value has been assigned.
 619    pub fn try_global<G: 'static>(&self) -> Option<&G> {
 620        self.globals_by_type
 621            .get(&TypeId::of::<G>())
 622            .map(|any_state| any_state.downcast_ref::<G>().unwrap())
 623    }
 624
 625    /// Access the global of the given type mutably. Panics if a global for that type has not been assigned.
 626    pub fn global_mut<G: 'static>(&mut self) -> &mut G {
 627        let global_type = TypeId::of::<G>();
 628        self.push_effect(Effect::NotifyGlobalObservers { global_type });
 629        self.globals_by_type
 630            .get_mut(&global_type)
 631            .and_then(|any_state| any_state.downcast_mut::<G>())
 632            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("no state of type {} exists", type_name::<G>()))
 633            .unwrap()
 634    }
 635
 636    /// Access the global of the given type mutably. A default value is assigned if a global of this type has not
 637    /// yet been assigned.
 638    pub fn default_global<G: 'static + Default + Send>(&mut self) -> &mut G {
 639        let global_type = TypeId::of::<G>();
 640        self.push_effect(Effect::NotifyGlobalObservers { global_type });
 641        self.globals_by_type
 642            .entry(global_type)
 643            .or_insert_with(|| Box::new(G::default()))
 644            .downcast_mut::<G>()
 645            .unwrap()
 646    }
 647
 648    /// Set the value of the global of the given type.
 649    pub fn set_global<G: Any + Send>(&mut self, global: G) {
 650        let global_type = TypeId::of::<G>();
 651        self.push_effect(Effect::NotifyGlobalObservers { global_type });
 652        self.globals_by_type.insert(global_type, Box::new(global));
 653    }
 654
 655    /// Update the global of the given type with a closure. Unlike `global_mut`, this method provides
 656    /// your closure with mutable access to the `AppContext` and the global simultaneously.
 657    pub fn update_global<G: 'static, R>(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut G, &mut Self) -> R) -> R {
 658        let mut global = self.lease_global::<G>();
 659        let result = f(&mut global, self);
 660        self.end_global_lease(global);
 661        result
 662    }
 663
 664    /// Register a callback to be invoked when a global of the given type is updated.
 665    pub fn observe_global<G: 'static>(
 666        &mut self,
 667        mut f: impl FnMut(&mut Self) + Send + 'static,
 668    ) -> Subscription {
 669        self.global_observers.insert(
 670            TypeId::of::<G>(),
 671            Box::new(move |cx| {
 672                f(cx);
 673                true
 674            }),
 675        )
 676    }
 677
 678    pub fn all_action_names<'a>(&'a self) -> impl Iterator<Item = SharedString> + 'a {
 679        self.action_builders.keys().cloned()
 680    }
 681
 682    /// Move the global of the given type to the stack.
 683    pub(crate) fn lease_global<G: 'static>(&mut self) -> GlobalLease<G> {
 684        GlobalLease::new(
 685            self.globals_by_type
 686                .remove(&TypeId::of::<G>())
 687                .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("no global registered of type {}", type_name::<G>()))
 688                .unwrap(),
 689        )
 690    }
 691
 692    /// Restore the global of the given type after it is moved to the stack.
 693    pub(crate) fn end_global_lease<G: 'static>(&mut self, lease: GlobalLease<G>) {
 694        let global_type = TypeId::of::<G>();
 695        self.push_effect(Effect::NotifyGlobalObservers { global_type });
 696        self.globals_by_type.insert(global_type, lease.global);
 697    }
 698
 699    pub fn observe_release<E, T>(
 700        &mut self,
 701        handle: &E,
 702        on_release: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut AppContext) + Send + 'static,
 703    ) -> Subscription
 704    where
 705        E: Entity<T>,
 706        T: 'static,
 707    {
 708        self.release_listeners.insert(
 709            handle.entity_id(),
 710            Box::new(move |entity, cx| {
 711                let entity = entity.downcast_mut().expect("invalid entity type");
 712                on_release(entity, cx)
 713            }),
 714        )
 715    }
 716
 717    pub(crate) fn push_text_style(&mut self, text_style: TextStyleRefinement) {
 718        self.text_style_stack.push(text_style);
 719    }
 720
 721    pub(crate) fn pop_text_style(&mut self) {
 722        self.text_style_stack.pop();
 723    }
 724
 725    /// Register key bindings.
 726    pub fn bind_keys(&mut self, bindings: impl IntoIterator<Item = KeyBinding>) {
 727        self.keymap.lock().add_bindings(bindings);
 728        self.pending_effects.push_back(Effect::Refresh);
 729    }
 730
 731    /// Register a global listener for actions invoked via the keyboard.
 732    pub fn on_action<A: Action>(&mut self, listener: impl Fn(&A, &mut Self) + Send + 'static) {
 733        self.global_action_listeners
 734            .entry(TypeId::of::<A>())
 735            .or_default()
 736            .push(Box::new(move |action, phase, cx| {
 737                if phase == DispatchPhase::Bubble {
 738                    let action = action.as_any().downcast_ref().unwrap();
 739                    listener(action, cx)
 740                }
 741            }));
 742    }
 743
 744    /// Register an action type to allow it to be referenced in keymaps.
 745    pub fn register_action_type<A: Action>(&mut self) {
 746        self.action_builders.insert(A::qualified_name(), A::build);
 747    }
 748
 749    /// Construct an action based on its name and parameters.
 750    pub fn build_action(
 751        &mut self,
 752        name: &str,
 753        params: Option<serde_json::Value>,
 754    ) -> Result<Box<dyn Action>> {
 755        let build = self
 756            .action_builders
 757            .get(name)
 758            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("no action type registered for {}", name))?;
 759        (build)(params)
 760    }
 761
 762    /// Halt propagation of a mouse event, keyboard event, or action. This prevents listeners
 763    /// that have not yet been invoked from receiving the event.
 764    pub fn stop_propagation(&mut self) {
 765        self.propagate_event = false;
 766    }
 767}
 768
 769impl Context for AppContext {
 770    type ModelContext<'a, T> = ModelContext<'a, T>;
 771    type Result<T> = T;
 772
 773    /// Build an entity that is owned by the application. The given function will be invoked with
 774    /// a `ModelContext` and must return an object representing the entity. A `Model` will be returned
 775    /// which can be used to access the entity in a context.
 776    fn build_model<T: 'static + Send>(
 777        &mut self,
 778        build_model: impl FnOnce(&mut Self::ModelContext<'_, T>) -> T,
 779    ) -> Model<T> {
 780        self.update(|cx| {
 781            let slot = cx.entities.reserve();
 782            let entity = build_model(&mut ModelContext::mutable(cx, slot.downgrade()));
 783            cx.entities.insert(slot, entity)
 784        })
 785    }
 786
 787    /// Update the entity referenced by the given model. The function is passed a mutable reference to the
 788    /// entity along with a `ModelContext` for the entity.
 789    fn update_model<T: 'static, R>(
 790        &mut self,
 791        model: &Model<T>,
 792        update: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut Self::ModelContext<'_, T>) -> R,
 793    ) -> R {
 794        self.update(|cx| {
 795            let mut entity = cx.entities.lease(model);
 796            let result = update(
 797                &mut entity,
 798                &mut ModelContext::mutable(cx, model.downgrade()),
 799            );
 800            cx.entities.end_lease(entity);
 801            result
 802        })
 803    }
 804}
 805
 806impl<C> MainThread<C>
 807where
 808    C: Borrow<AppContext>,
 809{
 810    pub(crate) fn platform(&self) -> &dyn Platform {
 811        self.0.borrow().platform.borrow_on_main_thread()
 812    }
 813
 814    /// Instructs the platform to activate the application by bringing it to the foreground.
 815    pub fn activate(&self, ignoring_other_apps: bool) {
 816        self.platform().activate(ignoring_other_apps);
 817    }
 818
 819    /// Writes data to the platform clipboard.
 820    pub fn write_to_clipboard(&self, item: ClipboardItem) {
 821        self.platform().write_to_clipboard(item)
 822    }
 823
 824    /// Reads data from the platform clipboard.
 825    pub fn read_from_clipboard(&self) -> Option<ClipboardItem> {
 826        self.platform().read_from_clipboard()
 827    }
 828
 829    /// Writes credentials to the platform keychain.
 830    pub fn write_credentials(&self, url: &str, username: &str, password: &[u8]) -> Result<()> {
 831        self.platform().write_credentials(url, username, password)
 832    }
 833
 834    /// Reads credentials from the platform keychain.
 835    pub fn read_credentials(&self, url: &str) -> Result<Option<(String, Vec<u8>)>> {
 836        self.platform().read_credentials(url)
 837    }
 838
 839    /// Deletes credentials from the platform keychain.
 840    pub fn delete_credentials(&self, url: &str) -> Result<()> {
 841        self.platform().delete_credentials(url)
 842    }
 843
 844    /// Directs the platform's default browser to open the given URL.
 845    pub fn open_url(&self, url: &str) {
 846        self.platform().open_url(url);
 847    }
 848
 849    pub fn path_for_auxiliary_executable(&self, name: &str) -> Result<PathBuf> {
 850        self.platform().path_for_auxiliary_executable(name)
 851    }
 852
 853    pub fn display_for_uuid(&self, uuid: Uuid) -> Option<Rc<dyn PlatformDisplay>> {
 854        self.platform()
 855            .displays()
 856            .into_iter()
 857            .find(|display| display.uuid().ok() == Some(uuid))
 858    }
 859}
 860
 861impl MainThread<AppContext> {
 862    fn update<R>(&mut self, update: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R) -> R {
 863        self.0.update(|cx| {
 864            update(unsafe {
 865                std::mem::transmute::<&mut AppContext, &mut MainThread<AppContext>>(cx)
 866            })
 867        })
 868    }
 869
 870    pub fn update_window<R>(
 871        &mut self,
 872        handle: AnyWindowHandle,
 873        update: impl FnOnce(&mut MainThread<WindowContext>) -> R,
 874    ) -> Result<R> {
 875        self.0.update_window(handle, |cx| {
 876            update(unsafe {
 877                std::mem::transmute::<&mut WindowContext, &mut MainThread<WindowContext>>(cx)
 878            })
 879        })
 880    }
 881
 882    pub fn update_window_root<V, R>(
 883        &mut self,
 884        handle: &WindowHandle<V>,
 885        update: impl FnOnce(&mut V, &mut MainThread<ViewContext<'_, '_, V>>) -> R,
 886    ) -> Result<R>
 887    where
 888        V: 'static + Send,
 889    {
 890        self.update_window(handle.any_handle, |cx| {
 891            let root_view = cx
 892                .window
 893                .root_view
 894                .as_ref()
 895                .unwrap()
 896                .clone()
 897                .downcast()
 898                .unwrap();
 899            root_view.update(cx, update)
 900        })
 901    }
 902
 903    /// Opens a new window with the given option and the root view returned by the given function.
 904    /// The function is invoked with a `WindowContext`, which can be used to interact with window-specific
 905    /// functionality.
 906    pub fn open_window<V: Render>(
 907        &mut self,
 908        options: crate::WindowOptions,
 909        build_root_view: impl FnOnce(&mut WindowContext) -> View<V> + Send + 'static,
 910    ) -> WindowHandle<V> {
 911        self.update(|cx| {
 912            let id = cx.windows.insert(None);
 913            let handle = WindowHandle::new(id);
 914            let mut window = Window::new(handle.into(), options, cx);
 915            let root_view = build_root_view(&mut WindowContext::mutable(cx, &mut window));
 916            window.root_view.replace(root_view.into());
 917            cx.windows.get_mut(id).unwrap().replace(window);
 918            handle
 919        })
 920    }
 921
 922    /// Update the global of the given type with a closure. Unlike `global_mut`, this method provides
 923    /// your closure with mutable access to the `MainThread<AppContext>` and the global simultaneously.
 924    pub fn update_global<G: 'static + Send, R>(
 925        &mut self,
 926        update: impl FnOnce(&mut G, &mut MainThread<AppContext>) -> R,
 927    ) -> R {
 928        self.0.update_global(|global, cx| {
 929            let cx = unsafe { mem::transmute::<&mut AppContext, &mut MainThread<AppContext>>(cx) };
 930            update(global, cx)
 931        })
 932    }
 933}
 934
 935/// These effects are processed at the end of each application update cycle.
 936pub(crate) enum Effect {
 937    Notify {
 938        emitter: EntityId,
 939    },
 940    Emit {
 941        emitter: EntityId,
 942        event: Box<dyn Any + Send + 'static>,
 943    },
 944    FocusChanged {
 945        window_handle: AnyWindowHandle,
 946        focused: Option<FocusId>,
 947    },
 948    Refresh,
 949    NotifyGlobalObservers {
 950        global_type: TypeId,
 951    },
 952    Defer {
 953        callback: Box<dyn FnOnce(&mut AppContext) + Send + 'static>,
 954    },
 955}
 956
 957/// Wraps a global variable value during `update_global` while the value has been moved to the stack.
 958pub(crate) struct GlobalLease<G: 'static> {
 959    global: AnyBox,
 960    global_type: PhantomData<G>,
 961}
 962
 963impl<G: 'static> GlobalLease<G> {
 964    fn new(global: AnyBox) -> Self {
 965        GlobalLease {
 966            global,
 967            global_type: PhantomData,
 968        }
 969    }
 970}
 971
 972impl<G: 'static> Deref for GlobalLease<G> {
 973    type Target = G;
 974
 975    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
 976        self.global.downcast_ref().unwrap()
 977    }
 978}
 979
 980impl<G: 'static> DerefMut for GlobalLease<G> {
 981    fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
 982        self.global.downcast_mut().unwrap()
 983    }
 984}
 985
 986/// Contains state associated with an active drag operation, started by dragging an element
 987/// within the window or by dragging into the app from the underlying platform.
 988pub(crate) struct AnyDrag {
 989    pub view: AnyView,
 990    pub cursor_offset: Point<Pixels>,
 991}
 992
 993#[cfg(test)]
 994mod tests {
 995    use super::AppContext;
 996
 997    #[test]
 998    fn test_app_context_send_sync() {
 999        // This will not compile if `AppContext` does not implement `Send`
1000        fn assert_send<T: Send>() {}
1001        assert_send::<AppContext>();
1002    }
1003}