window.rs

   1use crate::{
   2    px, size, Action, AnyBox, AnyDrag, AnyView, AppContext, AsyncWindowContext, AvailableSpace,
   3    Bounds, BoxShadow, Context, Corners, DevicePixels, DispatchContext, DisplayId, Edges, Effect,
   4    Entity, EntityId, EventEmitter, FileDropEvent, FocusEvent, FontId, GlobalElementId, GlyphId,
   5    Hsla, ImageData, InputEvent, IsZero, KeyListener, KeyMatch, KeyMatcher, Keystroke, LayoutId,
   6    Model, ModelContext, Modifiers, MonochromeSprite, MouseButton, MouseDownEvent, MouseMoveEvent,
   7    MouseUpEvent, Path, Pixels, PlatformAtlas, PlatformWindow, Point, PolychromeSprite,
   8    PromptLevel, Quad, Render, RenderGlyphParams, RenderImageParams, RenderSvgParams, ScaledPixels,
   9    SceneBuilder, Shadow, SharedString, Size, Style, Subscription, TaffyLayoutEngine, Task,
  10    Underline, UnderlineStyle, View, VisualContext, WeakView, WindowOptions, SUBPIXEL_VARIANTS,
  11};
  12use anyhow::{anyhow, Result};
  13use collections::HashMap;
  14use derive_more::{Deref, DerefMut};
  15use futures::channel::oneshot;
  16use parking_lot::RwLock;
  17use slotmap::SlotMap;
  18use smallvec::SmallVec;
  19use std::{
  20    any::{Any, TypeId},
  21    borrow::{Borrow, BorrowMut, Cow},
  22    fmt::Debug,
  23    future::Future,
  24    hash::{Hash, Hasher},
  25    marker::PhantomData,
  26    mem,
  27    sync::{
  28        atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering::SeqCst},
  29        Arc,
  30    },
  31};
  32use util::ResultExt;
  33
  34/// A global stacking order, which is created by stacking successive z-index values.
  35/// Each z-index will always be interpreted in the context of its parent z-index.
  36#[derive(Deref, DerefMut, Ord, PartialOrd, Eq, PartialEq, Clone, Default)]
  37pub(crate) struct StackingOrder(pub(crate) SmallVec<[u32; 16]>);
  38
  39/// Represents the two different phases when dispatching events.
  40#[derive(Default, Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
  41pub enum DispatchPhase {
  42    /// After the capture phase comes the bubble phase, in which mouse event listeners are
  43    /// invoked front to back and keyboard event listeners are invoked from the focused element
  44    /// to the root of the element tree. This is the phase you'll most commonly want to use when
  45    /// registering event listeners.
  46    #[default]
  47    Bubble,
  48    /// During the initial capture phase, mouse event listeners are invoked back to front, and keyboard
  49    /// listeners are invoked from the root of the tree downward toward the focused element. This phase
  50    /// is used for special purposes such as clearing the "pressed" state for click events. If
  51    /// you stop event propagation during this phase, you need to know what you're doing. Handlers
  52    /// outside of the immediate region may rely on detecting non-local events during this phase.
  53    Capture,
  54}
  55
  56type AnyListener = Box<dyn Fn(&dyn Any, DispatchPhase, &mut WindowContext) + 'static>;
  57type AnyKeyListener = Box<
  58    dyn Fn(
  59            &dyn Any,
  60            &[&DispatchContext],
  61            DispatchPhase,
  62            &mut WindowContext,
  63        ) -> Option<Box<dyn Action>>
  64        + 'static,
  65>;
  66type AnyFocusListener = Box<dyn Fn(&FocusEvent, &mut WindowContext) + 'static>;
  67
  68slotmap::new_key_type! { pub struct FocusId; }
  69
  70/// A handle which can be used to track and manipulate the focused element in a window.
  71pub struct FocusHandle {
  72    pub(crate) id: FocusId,
  73    handles: Arc<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>,
  74}
  75
  76impl FocusHandle {
  77    pub(crate) fn new(handles: &Arc<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>) -> Self {
  78        let id = handles.write().insert(AtomicUsize::new(1));
  79        Self {
  80            id,
  81            handles: handles.clone(),
  82        }
  83    }
  84
  85    pub(crate) fn for_id(
  86        id: FocusId,
  87        handles: &Arc<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>,
  88    ) -> Option<Self> {
  89        let lock = handles.read();
  90        let ref_count = lock.get(id)?;
  91        if ref_count.load(SeqCst) == 0 {
  92            None
  93        } else {
  94            ref_count.fetch_add(1, SeqCst);
  95            Some(Self {
  96                id,
  97                handles: handles.clone(),
  98            })
  99        }
 100    }
 101
 102    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle is currently focused.
 103    pub fn is_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 104        cx.window.focus == Some(self.id)
 105    }
 106
 107    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle contains the focused
 108    /// element or is itself focused.
 109    pub fn contains_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 110        cx.focused()
 111            .map_or(false, |focused| self.contains(&focused, cx))
 112    }
 113
 114    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle is contained within the
 115    /// focused element or is itself focused.
 116    pub fn within_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 117        let focused = cx.focused();
 118        focused.map_or(false, |focused| focused.contains(self, cx))
 119    }
 120
 121    /// Obtains whether this handle contains the given handle in the most recently rendered frame.
 122    pub(crate) fn contains(&self, other: &Self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 123        let mut ancestor = Some(other.id);
 124        while let Some(ancestor_id) = ancestor {
 125            if self.id == ancestor_id {
 126                return true;
 127            } else {
 128                ancestor = cx.window.focus_parents_by_child.get(&ancestor_id).copied();
 129            }
 130        }
 131        false
 132    }
 133}
 134
 135impl Clone for FocusHandle {
 136    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
 137        Self::for_id(self.id, &self.handles).unwrap()
 138    }
 139}
 140
 141impl PartialEq for FocusHandle {
 142    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
 143        self.id == other.id
 144    }
 145}
 146
 147impl Eq for FocusHandle {}
 148
 149impl Drop for FocusHandle {
 150    fn drop(&mut self) {
 151        self.handles
 152            .read()
 153            .get(self.id)
 154            .unwrap()
 155            .fetch_sub(1, SeqCst);
 156    }
 157}
 158
 159// Holds the state for a specific window.
 160pub struct Window {
 161    pub(crate) handle: AnyWindowHandle,
 162    platform_window: Box<dyn PlatformWindow>,
 163    display_id: DisplayId,
 164    sprite_atlas: Arc<dyn PlatformAtlas>,
 165    rem_size: Pixels,
 166    content_size: Size<Pixels>,
 167    pub(crate) layout_engine: TaffyLayoutEngine,
 168    pub(crate) root_view: Option<AnyView>,
 169    pub(crate) element_id_stack: GlobalElementId,
 170    prev_frame_element_states: HashMap<GlobalElementId, AnyBox>,
 171    element_states: HashMap<GlobalElementId, AnyBox>,
 172    prev_frame_key_matchers: HashMap<GlobalElementId, KeyMatcher>,
 173    key_matchers: HashMap<GlobalElementId, KeyMatcher>,
 174    z_index_stack: StackingOrder,
 175    content_mask_stack: Vec<ContentMask<Pixels>>,
 176    element_offset_stack: Vec<Point<Pixels>>,
 177    mouse_listeners: HashMap<TypeId, Vec<(StackingOrder, AnyListener)>>,
 178    key_dispatch_stack: Vec<KeyDispatchStackFrame>,
 179    freeze_key_dispatch_stack: bool,
 180    focus_stack: Vec<FocusId>,
 181    focus_parents_by_child: HashMap<FocusId, FocusId>,
 182    pub(crate) focus_listeners: Vec<AnyFocusListener>,
 183    pub(crate) focus_handles: Arc<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>,
 184    default_prevented: bool,
 185    mouse_position: Point<Pixels>,
 186    scale_factor: f32,
 187    pub(crate) scene_builder: SceneBuilder,
 188    pub(crate) dirty: bool,
 189    pub(crate) last_blur: Option<Option<FocusId>>,
 190    pub(crate) focus: Option<FocusId>,
 191}
 192
 193impl Window {
 194    pub(crate) fn new(
 195        handle: AnyWindowHandle,
 196        options: WindowOptions,
 197        cx: &mut AppContext,
 198    ) -> Self {
 199        let platform_window = cx.platform.open_window(handle, options);
 200        let display_id = platform_window.display().id();
 201        let sprite_atlas = platform_window.sprite_atlas();
 202        let mouse_position = platform_window.mouse_position();
 203        let content_size = platform_window.content_size();
 204        let scale_factor = platform_window.scale_factor();
 205        platform_window.on_resize(Box::new({
 206            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 207            move |content_size, scale_factor| {
 208                handle
 209                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| {
 210                        cx.window.scale_factor = scale_factor;
 211                        cx.window.scene_builder = SceneBuilder::new();
 212                        cx.window.content_size = content_size;
 213                        cx.window.display_id = cx.window.platform_window.display().id();
 214                        cx.window.dirty = true;
 215                    })
 216                    .log_err();
 217            }
 218        }));
 219
 220        platform_window.on_input({
 221            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 222            Box::new(move |event| {
 223                handle
 224                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.dispatch_event(event))
 225                    .log_err()
 226                    .unwrap_or(true)
 227            })
 228        });
 229
 230        Window {
 231            handle,
 232            platform_window,
 233            display_id,
 234            sprite_atlas,
 235            rem_size: px(16.),
 236            content_size,
 237            layout_engine: TaffyLayoutEngine::new(),
 238            root_view: None,
 239            element_id_stack: GlobalElementId::default(),
 240            prev_frame_element_states: HashMap::default(),
 241            element_states: HashMap::default(),
 242            prev_frame_key_matchers: HashMap::default(),
 243            key_matchers: HashMap::default(),
 244            z_index_stack: StackingOrder(SmallVec::new()),
 245            content_mask_stack: Vec::new(),
 246            element_offset_stack: Vec::new(),
 247            mouse_listeners: HashMap::default(),
 248            key_dispatch_stack: Vec::new(),
 249            freeze_key_dispatch_stack: false,
 250            focus_stack: Vec::new(),
 251            focus_parents_by_child: HashMap::default(),
 252            focus_listeners: Vec::new(),
 253            focus_handles: Arc::new(RwLock::new(SlotMap::with_key())),
 254            default_prevented: true,
 255            mouse_position,
 256            scale_factor,
 257            scene_builder: SceneBuilder::new(),
 258            dirty: true,
 259            last_blur: None,
 260            focus: None,
 261        }
 262    }
 263}
 264
 265/// When constructing the element tree, we maintain a stack of key dispatch frames until we
 266/// find the focused element. We interleave key listeners with dispatch contexts so we can use the
 267/// contexts when matching key events against the keymap.
 268enum KeyDispatchStackFrame {
 269    Listener {
 270        event_type: TypeId,
 271        listener: AnyKeyListener,
 272    },
 273    Context(DispatchContext),
 274}
 275
 276/// Indicates which region of the window is visible. Content falling outside of this mask will not be
 277/// rendered. Currently, only rectangular content masks are supported, but we give the mask its own type
 278/// to leave room to support more complex shapes in the future.
 279#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
 280#[repr(C)]
 281pub struct ContentMask<P: Clone + Default + Debug> {
 282    pub bounds: Bounds<P>,
 283}
 284
 285impl ContentMask<Pixels> {
 286    /// Scale the content mask's pixel units by the given scaling factor.
 287    pub fn scale(&self, factor: f32) -> ContentMask<ScaledPixels> {
 288        ContentMask {
 289            bounds: self.bounds.scale(factor),
 290        }
 291    }
 292
 293    /// Intersect the content mask with the given content mask.
 294    pub fn intersect(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
 295        let bounds = self.bounds.intersect(&other.bounds);
 296        ContentMask { bounds }
 297    }
 298}
 299
 300/// Provides access to application state in the context of a single window. Derefs
 301/// to an `AppContext`, so you can also pass a `WindowContext` to any method that takes
 302/// an `AppContext` and call any `AppContext` methods.
 303pub struct WindowContext<'a> {
 304    pub(crate) app: &'a mut AppContext,
 305    pub(crate) window: &'a mut Window,
 306}
 307
 308impl<'a> WindowContext<'a> {
 309    pub(crate) fn new(app: &'a mut AppContext, window: &'a mut Window) -> Self {
 310        Self { app, window }
 311    }
 312
 313    /// Obtain a handle to the window that belongs to this context.
 314    pub fn window_handle(&self) -> AnyWindowHandle {
 315        self.window.handle
 316    }
 317
 318    /// Mark the window as dirty, scheduling it to be redrawn on the next frame.
 319    pub fn notify(&mut self) {
 320        self.window.dirty = true;
 321    }
 322
 323    /// Obtain a new `FocusHandle`, which allows you to track and manipulate the keyboard focus
 324    /// for elements rendered within this window.
 325    pub fn focus_handle(&mut self) -> FocusHandle {
 326        FocusHandle::new(&self.window.focus_handles)
 327    }
 328
 329    /// Obtain the currently focused `FocusHandle`. If no elements are focused, returns `None`.
 330    pub fn focused(&self) -> Option<FocusHandle> {
 331        self.window
 332            .focus
 333            .and_then(|id| FocusHandle::for_id(id, &self.window.focus_handles))
 334    }
 335
 336    /// Move focus to the element associated with the given `FocusHandle`.
 337    pub fn focus(&mut self, handle: &FocusHandle) {
 338        if self.window.last_blur.is_none() {
 339            self.window.last_blur = Some(self.window.focus);
 340        }
 341
 342        self.window.focus = Some(handle.id);
 343        self.app.push_effect(Effect::FocusChanged {
 344            window_handle: self.window.handle,
 345            focused: Some(handle.id),
 346        });
 347        self.notify();
 348    }
 349
 350    /// Remove focus from all elements within this context's window.
 351    pub fn blur(&mut self) {
 352        if self.window.last_blur.is_none() {
 353            self.window.last_blur = Some(self.window.focus);
 354        }
 355
 356        self.window.focus = None;
 357        self.app.push_effect(Effect::FocusChanged {
 358            window_handle: self.window.handle,
 359            focused: None,
 360        });
 361        self.notify();
 362    }
 363
 364    /// Schedules the given function to be run at the end of the current effect cycle, allowing entities
 365    /// that are currently on the stack to be returned to the app.
 366    pub fn defer(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut WindowContext) + 'static) {
 367        let handle = self.window.handle;
 368        self.app.defer(move |cx| {
 369            handle.update(cx, |_, cx| f(cx)).ok();
 370        });
 371    }
 372
 373    pub fn subscribe<Emitter, E>(
 374        &mut self,
 375        entity: &E,
 376        mut on_event: impl FnMut(E, &Emitter::Event, &mut WindowContext<'_>) + 'static,
 377    ) -> Subscription
 378    where
 379        Emitter: EventEmitter,
 380        E: Entity<Emitter>,
 381    {
 382        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
 383        let entity = entity.downgrade();
 384        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
 385        self.app.event_listeners.insert(
 386            entity_id,
 387            Box::new(move |event, cx| {
 388                window_handle
 389                    .update(cx, |_, cx| {
 390                        if let Some(handle) = E::upgrade_from(&entity) {
 391                            let event = event.downcast_ref().expect("invalid event type");
 392                            on_event(handle, event, cx);
 393                            true
 394                        } else {
 395                            false
 396                        }
 397                    })
 398                    .unwrap_or(false)
 399            }),
 400        )
 401    }
 402
 403    /// Create an `AsyncWindowContext`, which has a static lifetime and can be held across
 404    /// await points in async code.
 405    pub fn to_async(&self) -> AsyncWindowContext {
 406        AsyncWindowContext::new(self.app.to_async(), self.window.handle)
 407    }
 408
 409    /// Schedule the given closure to be run directly after the current frame is rendered.
 410    pub fn on_next_frame(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut WindowContext) + 'static) {
 411        let f = Box::new(f);
 412        let display_id = self.window.display_id;
 413
 414        if let Some(callbacks) = self.next_frame_callbacks.get_mut(&display_id) {
 415            callbacks.push(f);
 416            // If there was already a callback, it means that we already scheduled a frame.
 417            if callbacks.len() > 1 {
 418                return;
 419            }
 420        } else {
 421            let mut async_cx = self.to_async();
 422            self.next_frame_callbacks.insert(display_id, vec![f]);
 423            self.platform.set_display_link_output_callback(
 424                display_id,
 425                Box::new(move |_current_time, _output_time| {
 426                    let _ = async_cx.update(|_, cx| {
 427                        let callbacks = cx
 428                            .next_frame_callbacks
 429                            .get_mut(&display_id)
 430                            .unwrap()
 431                            .drain(..)
 432                            .collect::<Vec<_>>();
 433                        for callback in callbacks {
 434                            callback(cx);
 435                        }
 436
 437                        if cx.next_frame_callbacks.get(&display_id).unwrap().is_empty() {
 438                            cx.platform.stop_display_link(display_id);
 439                        }
 440                    });
 441                }),
 442            );
 443        }
 444
 445        self.platform.start_display_link(display_id);
 446    }
 447
 448    /// Spawn the future returned by the given closure on the application thread pool.
 449    /// The closure is provided a handle to the current window and an `AsyncWindowContext` for
 450    /// use within your future.
 451    pub fn spawn<Fut, R>(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(AsyncWindowContext) -> Fut) -> Task<R>
 452    where
 453        R: 'static,
 454        Fut: Future<Output = R> + 'static,
 455    {
 456        self.app
 457            .spawn(|app| f(AsyncWindowContext::new(app, self.window.handle)))
 458    }
 459
 460    /// Update the global of the given type. The given closure is given simultaneous mutable
 461    /// access both to the global and the context.
 462    pub fn update_global<G, R>(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut G, &mut Self) -> R) -> R
 463    where
 464        G: 'static,
 465    {
 466        let mut global = self.app.lease_global::<G>();
 467        let result = f(&mut global, self);
 468        self.app.end_global_lease(global);
 469        result
 470    }
 471
 472    /// Add a node to the layout tree for the current frame. Takes the `Style` of the element for which
 473    /// layout is being requested, along with the layout ids of any children. This method is called during
 474    /// calls to the `Element::layout` trait method and enables any element to participate in layout.
 475    pub fn request_layout(
 476        &mut self,
 477        style: &Style,
 478        children: impl IntoIterator<Item = LayoutId>,
 479    ) -> LayoutId {
 480        self.app.layout_id_buffer.clear();
 481        self.app.layout_id_buffer.extend(children.into_iter());
 482        let rem_size = self.rem_size();
 483
 484        self.window
 485            .layout_engine
 486            .request_layout(style, rem_size, &self.app.layout_id_buffer)
 487    }
 488
 489    /// Add a node to the layout tree for the current frame. Instead of taking a `Style` and children,
 490    /// this variant takes a function that is invoked during layout so you can use arbitrary logic to
 491    /// determine the element's size. One place this is used internally is when measuring text.
 492    ///
 493    /// The given closure is invoked at layout time with the known dimensions and available space and
 494    /// returns a `Size`.
 495    pub fn request_measured_layout<
 496        F: Fn(Size<Option<Pixels>>, Size<AvailableSpace>) -> Size<Pixels> + Send + Sync + 'static,
 497    >(
 498        &mut self,
 499        style: Style,
 500        rem_size: Pixels,
 501        measure: F,
 502    ) -> LayoutId {
 503        self.window
 504            .layout_engine
 505            .request_measured_layout(style, rem_size, measure)
 506    }
 507
 508    /// Obtain the bounds computed for the given LayoutId relative to the window. This method should not
 509    /// be invoked until the paint phase begins, and will usually be invoked by GPUI itself automatically
 510    /// in order to pass your element its `Bounds` automatically.
 511    pub fn layout_bounds(&mut self, layout_id: LayoutId) -> Bounds<Pixels> {
 512        let mut bounds = self
 513            .window
 514            .layout_engine
 515            .layout_bounds(layout_id)
 516            .map(Into::into);
 517        bounds.origin += self.element_offset();
 518        bounds
 519    }
 520
 521    /// The scale factor of the display associated with the window. For example, it could
 522    /// return 2.0 for a "retina" display, indicating that each logical pixel should actually
 523    /// be rendered as two pixels on screen.
 524    pub fn scale_factor(&self) -> f32 {
 525        self.window.scale_factor
 526    }
 527
 528    /// The size of an em for the base font of the application. Adjusting this value allows the
 529    /// UI to scale, just like zooming a web page.
 530    pub fn rem_size(&self) -> Pixels {
 531        self.window.rem_size
 532    }
 533
 534    /// Sets the size of an em for the base font of the application. Adjusting this value allows the
 535    /// UI to scale, just like zooming a web page.
 536    pub fn set_rem_size(&mut self, rem_size: impl Into<Pixels>) {
 537        self.window.rem_size = rem_size.into();
 538    }
 539
 540    /// The line height associated with the current text style.
 541    pub fn line_height(&self) -> Pixels {
 542        let rem_size = self.rem_size();
 543        let text_style = self.text_style();
 544        text_style
 545            .line_height
 546            .to_pixels(text_style.font_size.into(), rem_size)
 547    }
 548
 549    /// Call to prevent the default action of an event. Currently only used to prevent
 550    /// parent elements from becoming focused on mouse down.
 551    pub fn prevent_default(&mut self) {
 552        self.window.default_prevented = true;
 553    }
 554
 555    /// Obtain whether default has been prevented for the event currently being dispatched.
 556    pub fn default_prevented(&self) -> bool {
 557        self.window.default_prevented
 558    }
 559
 560    /// Register a mouse event listener on the window for the current frame. The type of event
 561    /// is determined by the first parameter of the given listener. When the next frame is rendered
 562    /// the listener will be cleared.
 563    ///
 564    /// This is a fairly low-level method, so prefer using event handlers on elements unless you have
 565    /// a specific need to register a global listener.
 566    pub fn on_mouse_event<Event: 'static>(
 567        &mut self,
 568        handler: impl Fn(&Event, DispatchPhase, &mut WindowContext) + 'static,
 569    ) {
 570        let order = self.window.z_index_stack.clone();
 571        self.window
 572            .mouse_listeners
 573            .entry(TypeId::of::<Event>())
 574            .or_default()
 575            .push((
 576                order,
 577                Box::new(move |event: &dyn Any, phase, cx| {
 578                    handler(event.downcast_ref().unwrap(), phase, cx)
 579                }),
 580            ))
 581    }
 582
 583    /// The position of the mouse relative to the window.
 584    pub fn mouse_position(&self) -> Point<Pixels> {
 585        self.window.mouse_position
 586    }
 587
 588    /// Called during painting to invoke the given closure in a new stacking context. The given
 589    /// z-index is interpreted relative to the previous call to `stack`.
 590    pub fn stack<R>(&mut self, z_index: u32, f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R) -> R {
 591        self.window.z_index_stack.push(z_index);
 592        let result = f(self);
 593        self.window.z_index_stack.pop();
 594        result
 595    }
 596
 597    /// Paint one or more drop shadows into the scene for the current frame at the current z-index.
 598    pub fn paint_shadows(
 599        &mut self,
 600        bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
 601        corner_radii: Corners<Pixels>,
 602        shadows: &[BoxShadow],
 603    ) {
 604        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
 605        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
 606        let window = &mut *self.window;
 607        for shadow in shadows {
 608            let mut shadow_bounds = bounds;
 609            shadow_bounds.origin += shadow.offset;
 610            shadow_bounds.dilate(shadow.spread_radius);
 611            window.scene_builder.insert(
 612                &window.z_index_stack,
 613                Shadow {
 614                    order: 0,
 615                    bounds: shadow_bounds.scale(scale_factor),
 616                    content_mask: content_mask.scale(scale_factor),
 617                    corner_radii: corner_radii.scale(scale_factor),
 618                    color: shadow.color,
 619                    blur_radius: shadow.blur_radius.scale(scale_factor),
 620                },
 621            );
 622        }
 623    }
 624
 625    /// Paint one or more quads into the scene for the current frame at the current stacking context.
 626    /// Quads are colored rectangular regions with an optional background, border, and corner radius.
 627    pub fn paint_quad(
 628        &mut self,
 629        bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
 630        corner_radii: Corners<Pixels>,
 631        background: impl Into<Hsla>,
 632        border_widths: Edges<Pixels>,
 633        border_color: impl Into<Hsla>,
 634    ) {
 635        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
 636        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
 637
 638        let window = &mut *self.window;
 639        window.scene_builder.insert(
 640            &window.z_index_stack,
 641            Quad {
 642                order: 0,
 643                bounds: bounds.scale(scale_factor),
 644                content_mask: content_mask.scale(scale_factor),
 645                background: background.into(),
 646                border_color: border_color.into(),
 647                corner_radii: corner_radii.scale(scale_factor),
 648                border_widths: border_widths.scale(scale_factor),
 649            },
 650        );
 651    }
 652
 653    /// Paint the given `Path` into the scene for the current frame at the current z-index.
 654    pub fn paint_path(&mut self, mut path: Path<Pixels>, color: impl Into<Hsla>) {
 655        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
 656        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
 657        path.content_mask = content_mask;
 658        path.color = color.into();
 659        let window = &mut *self.window;
 660        window
 661            .scene_builder
 662            .insert(&window.z_index_stack, path.scale(scale_factor));
 663    }
 664
 665    /// Paint an underline into the scene for the current frame at the current z-index.
 666    pub fn paint_underline(
 667        &mut self,
 668        origin: Point<Pixels>,
 669        width: Pixels,
 670        style: &UnderlineStyle,
 671    ) -> Result<()> {
 672        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
 673        let height = if style.wavy {
 674            style.thickness * 3.
 675        } else {
 676            style.thickness
 677        };
 678        let bounds = Bounds {
 679            origin,
 680            size: size(width, height),
 681        };
 682        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
 683        let window = &mut *self.window;
 684        window.scene_builder.insert(
 685            &window.z_index_stack,
 686            Underline {
 687                order: 0,
 688                bounds: bounds.scale(scale_factor),
 689                content_mask: content_mask.scale(scale_factor),
 690                thickness: style.thickness.scale(scale_factor),
 691                color: style.color.unwrap_or_default(),
 692                wavy: style.wavy,
 693            },
 694        );
 695        Ok(())
 696    }
 697
 698    /// Paint a monochrome (non-emoji) glyph into the scene for the current frame at the current z-index.
 699    pub fn paint_glyph(
 700        &mut self,
 701        origin: Point<Pixels>,
 702        font_id: FontId,
 703        glyph_id: GlyphId,
 704        font_size: Pixels,
 705        color: Hsla,
 706    ) -> Result<()> {
 707        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
 708        let glyph_origin = origin.scale(scale_factor);
 709        let subpixel_variant = Point {
 710            x: (glyph_origin.x.0.fract() * SUBPIXEL_VARIANTS as f32).floor() as u8,
 711            y: (glyph_origin.y.0.fract() * SUBPIXEL_VARIANTS as f32).floor() as u8,
 712        };
 713        let params = RenderGlyphParams {
 714            font_id,
 715            glyph_id,
 716            font_size,
 717            subpixel_variant,
 718            scale_factor,
 719            is_emoji: false,
 720        };
 721
 722        let raster_bounds = self.text_system().raster_bounds(&params)?;
 723        if !raster_bounds.is_zero() {
 724            let tile =
 725                self.window
 726                    .sprite_atlas
 727                    .get_or_insert_with(&params.clone().into(), &mut || {
 728                        let (size, bytes) = self.text_system().rasterize_glyph(&params)?;
 729                        Ok((size, Cow::Owned(bytes)))
 730                    })?;
 731            let bounds = Bounds {
 732                origin: glyph_origin.map(|px| px.floor()) + raster_bounds.origin.map(Into::into),
 733                size: tile.bounds.size.map(Into::into),
 734            };
 735            let content_mask = self.content_mask().scale(scale_factor);
 736            let window = &mut *self.window;
 737            window.scene_builder.insert(
 738                &window.z_index_stack,
 739                MonochromeSprite {
 740                    order: 0,
 741                    bounds,
 742                    content_mask,
 743                    color,
 744                    tile,
 745                },
 746            );
 747        }
 748        Ok(())
 749    }
 750
 751    /// Paint an emoji glyph into the scene for the current frame at the current z-index.
 752    pub fn paint_emoji(
 753        &mut self,
 754        origin: Point<Pixels>,
 755        font_id: FontId,
 756        glyph_id: GlyphId,
 757        font_size: Pixels,
 758    ) -> Result<()> {
 759        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
 760        let glyph_origin = origin.scale(scale_factor);
 761        let params = RenderGlyphParams {
 762            font_id,
 763            glyph_id,
 764            font_size,
 765            // We don't render emojis with subpixel variants.
 766            subpixel_variant: Default::default(),
 767            scale_factor,
 768            is_emoji: true,
 769        };
 770
 771        let raster_bounds = self.text_system().raster_bounds(&params)?;
 772        if !raster_bounds.is_zero() {
 773            let tile =
 774                self.window
 775                    .sprite_atlas
 776                    .get_or_insert_with(&params.clone().into(), &mut || {
 777                        let (size, bytes) = self.text_system().rasterize_glyph(&params)?;
 778                        Ok((size, Cow::Owned(bytes)))
 779                    })?;
 780            let bounds = Bounds {
 781                origin: glyph_origin.map(|px| px.floor()) + raster_bounds.origin.map(Into::into),
 782                size: tile.bounds.size.map(Into::into),
 783            };
 784            let content_mask = self.content_mask().scale(scale_factor);
 785            let window = &mut *self.window;
 786
 787            window.scene_builder.insert(
 788                &window.z_index_stack,
 789                PolychromeSprite {
 790                    order: 0,
 791                    bounds,
 792                    corner_radii: Default::default(),
 793                    content_mask,
 794                    tile,
 795                    grayscale: false,
 796                },
 797            );
 798        }
 799        Ok(())
 800    }
 801
 802    /// Paint a monochrome SVG into the scene for the current frame at the current stacking context.
 803    pub fn paint_svg(
 804        &mut self,
 805        bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
 806        path: SharedString,
 807        color: Hsla,
 808    ) -> Result<()> {
 809        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
 810        let bounds = bounds.scale(scale_factor);
 811        // Render the SVG at twice the size to get a higher quality result.
 812        let params = RenderSvgParams {
 813            path,
 814            size: bounds
 815                .size
 816                .map(|pixels| DevicePixels::from((pixels.0 * 2.).ceil() as i32)),
 817        };
 818
 819        let tile =
 820            self.window
 821                .sprite_atlas
 822                .get_or_insert_with(&params.clone().into(), &mut || {
 823                    let bytes = self.svg_renderer.render(&params)?;
 824                    Ok((params.size, Cow::Owned(bytes)))
 825                })?;
 826        let content_mask = self.content_mask().scale(scale_factor);
 827
 828        let window = &mut *self.window;
 829        window.scene_builder.insert(
 830            &window.z_index_stack,
 831            MonochromeSprite {
 832                order: 0,
 833                bounds,
 834                content_mask,
 835                color,
 836                tile,
 837            },
 838        );
 839
 840        Ok(())
 841    }
 842
 843    /// Paint an image into the scene for the current frame at the current z-index.
 844    pub fn paint_image(
 845        &mut self,
 846        bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
 847        corner_radii: Corners<Pixels>,
 848        data: Arc<ImageData>,
 849        grayscale: bool,
 850    ) -> Result<()> {
 851        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
 852        let bounds = bounds.scale(scale_factor);
 853        let params = RenderImageParams { image_id: data.id };
 854
 855        let tile = self
 856            .window
 857            .sprite_atlas
 858            .get_or_insert_with(&params.clone().into(), &mut || {
 859                Ok((data.size(), Cow::Borrowed(data.as_bytes())))
 860            })?;
 861        let content_mask = self.content_mask().scale(scale_factor);
 862        let corner_radii = corner_radii.scale(scale_factor);
 863
 864        let window = &mut *self.window;
 865        window.scene_builder.insert(
 866            &window.z_index_stack,
 867            PolychromeSprite {
 868                order: 0,
 869                bounds,
 870                content_mask,
 871                corner_radii,
 872                tile,
 873                grayscale,
 874            },
 875        );
 876        Ok(())
 877    }
 878
 879    /// Draw pixels to the display for this window based on the contents of its scene.
 880    pub(crate) fn draw(&mut self) {
 881        let root_view = self.window.root_view.take().unwrap();
 882
 883        self.start_frame();
 884
 885        self.stack(0, |cx| {
 886            let available_space = cx.window.content_size.map(Into::into);
 887            root_view.draw(available_space, cx);
 888        });
 889
 890        if let Some(active_drag) = self.app.active_drag.take() {
 891            self.stack(1, |cx| {
 892                let offset = cx.mouse_position() - active_drag.cursor_offset;
 893                cx.with_element_offset(Some(offset), |cx| {
 894                    let available_space =
 895                        size(AvailableSpace::MinContent, AvailableSpace::MinContent);
 896                    active_drag.view.draw(available_space, cx);
 897                    cx.active_drag = Some(active_drag);
 898                });
 899            });
 900        }
 901
 902        self.window.root_view = Some(root_view);
 903        let scene = self.window.scene_builder.build();
 904
 905        self.window.platform_window.draw(scene);
 906        self.window.dirty = false;
 907    }
 908
 909    fn start_frame(&mut self) {
 910        self.text_system().start_frame();
 911
 912        let window = &mut *self.window;
 913
 914        // Move the current frame element states to the previous frame.
 915        // The new empty element states map will be populated for any element states we
 916        // reference during the upcoming frame.
 917        mem::swap(
 918            &mut window.element_states,
 919            &mut window.prev_frame_element_states,
 920        );
 921        window.element_states.clear();
 922
 923        // Make the current key matchers the previous, and then clear the current.
 924        // An empty key matcher map will be created for every identified element in the
 925        // upcoming frame.
 926        mem::swap(
 927            &mut window.key_matchers,
 928            &mut window.prev_frame_key_matchers,
 929        );
 930        window.key_matchers.clear();
 931
 932        // Clear mouse event listeners, because elements add new element listeners
 933        // when the upcoming frame is painted.
 934        window.mouse_listeners.values_mut().for_each(Vec::clear);
 935
 936        // Clear focus state, because we determine what is focused when the new elements
 937        // in the upcoming frame are initialized.
 938        window.focus_listeners.clear();
 939        window.key_dispatch_stack.clear();
 940        window.focus_parents_by_child.clear();
 941        window.freeze_key_dispatch_stack = false;
 942    }
 943
 944    /// Dispatch a mouse or keyboard event on the window.
 945    fn dispatch_event(&mut self, event: InputEvent) -> bool {
 946        let event = match event {
 947            // Track the mouse position with our own state, since accessing the platform
 948            // API for the mouse position can only occur on the main thread.
 949            InputEvent::MouseMove(mouse_move) => {
 950                self.window.mouse_position = mouse_move.position;
 951                InputEvent::MouseMove(mouse_move)
 952            }
 953            // Translate dragging and dropping of external files from the operating system
 954            // to internal drag and drop events.
 955            InputEvent::FileDrop(file_drop) => match file_drop {
 956                FileDropEvent::Entered { position, files } => {
 957                    self.window.mouse_position = position;
 958                    if self.active_drag.is_none() {
 959                        self.active_drag = Some(AnyDrag {
 960                            view: self.build_view(|_| files).into(),
 961                            cursor_offset: position,
 962                        });
 963                    }
 964                    InputEvent::MouseDown(MouseDownEvent {
 965                        position,
 966                        button: MouseButton::Left,
 967                        click_count: 1,
 968                        modifiers: Modifiers::default(),
 969                    })
 970                }
 971                FileDropEvent::Pending { position } => {
 972                    self.window.mouse_position = position;
 973                    InputEvent::MouseMove(MouseMoveEvent {
 974                        position,
 975                        pressed_button: Some(MouseButton::Left),
 976                        modifiers: Modifiers::default(),
 977                    })
 978                }
 979                FileDropEvent::Submit { position } => {
 980                    self.window.mouse_position = position;
 981                    InputEvent::MouseUp(MouseUpEvent {
 982                        button: MouseButton::Left,
 983                        position,
 984                        modifiers: Modifiers::default(),
 985                        click_count: 1,
 986                    })
 987                }
 988                FileDropEvent::Exited => InputEvent::MouseUp(MouseUpEvent {
 989                    button: MouseButton::Left,
 990                    position: Point::default(),
 991                    modifiers: Modifiers::default(),
 992                    click_count: 1,
 993                }),
 994            },
 995            _ => event,
 996        };
 997
 998        if let Some(any_mouse_event) = event.mouse_event() {
 999            // Handlers may set this to false by calling `stop_propagation`
1000            self.app.propagate_event = true;
1001            self.window.default_prevented = false;
1002
1003            if let Some(mut handlers) = self
1004                .window
1005                .mouse_listeners
1006                .remove(&any_mouse_event.type_id())
1007            {
1008                // Because handlers may add other handlers, we sort every time.
1009                handlers.sort_by(|(a, _), (b, _)| a.cmp(b));
1010
1011                // Capture phase, events bubble from back to front. Handlers for this phase are used for
1012                // special purposes, such as detecting events outside of a given Bounds.
1013                for (_, handler) in &handlers {
1014                    handler(any_mouse_event, DispatchPhase::Capture, self);
1015                    if !self.app.propagate_event {
1016                        break;
1017                    }
1018                }
1019
1020                // Bubble phase, where most normal handlers do their work.
1021                if self.app.propagate_event {
1022                    for (_, handler) in handlers.iter().rev() {
1023                        handler(any_mouse_event, DispatchPhase::Bubble, self);
1024                        if !self.app.propagate_event {
1025                            break;
1026                        }
1027                    }
1028                }
1029
1030                if self.app.propagate_event
1031                    && any_mouse_event.downcast_ref::<MouseUpEvent>().is_some()
1032                {
1033                    self.active_drag = None;
1034                }
1035
1036                // Just in case any handlers added new handlers, which is weird, but possible.
1037                handlers.extend(
1038                    self.window
1039                        .mouse_listeners
1040                        .get_mut(&any_mouse_event.type_id())
1041                        .into_iter()
1042                        .flat_map(|handlers| handlers.drain(..)),
1043                );
1044                self.window
1045                    .mouse_listeners
1046                    .insert(any_mouse_event.type_id(), handlers);
1047            }
1048        } else if let Some(any_key_event) = event.keyboard_event() {
1049            let key_dispatch_stack = mem::take(&mut self.window.key_dispatch_stack);
1050            let key_event_type = any_key_event.type_id();
1051            let mut context_stack = SmallVec::<[&DispatchContext; 16]>::new();
1052
1053            for (ix, frame) in key_dispatch_stack.iter().enumerate() {
1054                match frame {
1055                    KeyDispatchStackFrame::Listener {
1056                        event_type,
1057                        listener,
1058                    } => {
1059                        if key_event_type == *event_type {
1060                            if let Some(action) = listener(
1061                                any_key_event,
1062                                &context_stack,
1063                                DispatchPhase::Capture,
1064                                self,
1065                            ) {
1066                                self.dispatch_action(action, &key_dispatch_stack[..ix]);
1067                            }
1068                            if !self.app.propagate_event {
1069                                break;
1070                            }
1071                        }
1072                    }
1073                    KeyDispatchStackFrame::Context(context) => {
1074                        context_stack.push(&context);
1075                    }
1076                }
1077            }
1078
1079            if self.app.propagate_event {
1080                for (ix, frame) in key_dispatch_stack.iter().enumerate().rev() {
1081                    match frame {
1082                        KeyDispatchStackFrame::Listener {
1083                            event_type,
1084                            listener,
1085                        } => {
1086                            if key_event_type == *event_type {
1087                                if let Some(action) = listener(
1088                                    any_key_event,
1089                                    &context_stack,
1090                                    DispatchPhase::Bubble,
1091                                    self,
1092                                ) {
1093                                    self.dispatch_action(action, &key_dispatch_stack[..ix]);
1094                                }
1095
1096                                if !self.app.propagate_event {
1097                                    break;
1098                                }
1099                            }
1100                        }
1101                        KeyDispatchStackFrame::Context(_) => {
1102                            context_stack.pop();
1103                        }
1104                    }
1105                }
1106            }
1107
1108            drop(context_stack);
1109            self.window.key_dispatch_stack = key_dispatch_stack;
1110        }
1111
1112        true
1113    }
1114
1115    /// Attempt to map a keystroke to an action based on the keymap.
1116    pub fn match_keystroke(
1117        &mut self,
1118        element_id: &GlobalElementId,
1119        keystroke: &Keystroke,
1120        context_stack: &[&DispatchContext],
1121    ) -> KeyMatch {
1122        let key_match = self
1123            .window
1124            .key_matchers
1125            .get_mut(element_id)
1126            .unwrap()
1127            .match_keystroke(keystroke, context_stack);
1128
1129        if key_match.is_some() {
1130            for matcher in self.window.key_matchers.values_mut() {
1131                matcher.clear_pending();
1132            }
1133        }
1134
1135        key_match
1136    }
1137
1138    /// Register the given handler to be invoked whenever the global of the given type
1139    /// is updated.
1140    pub fn observe_global<G: 'static>(
1141        &mut self,
1142        f: impl Fn(&mut WindowContext<'_>) + 'static,
1143    ) -> Subscription {
1144        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
1145        self.global_observers.insert(
1146            TypeId::of::<G>(),
1147            Box::new(move |cx| window_handle.update(cx, |_, cx| f(cx)).is_ok()),
1148        )
1149    }
1150
1151    pub fn activate_window(&self) {
1152        self.window.platform_window.activate();
1153    }
1154
1155    pub fn prompt(
1156        &self,
1157        level: PromptLevel,
1158        msg: &str,
1159        answers: &[&str],
1160    ) -> oneshot::Receiver<usize> {
1161        self.window.platform_window.prompt(level, msg, answers)
1162    }
1163
1164    fn dispatch_action(
1165        &mut self,
1166        action: Box<dyn Action>,
1167        dispatch_stack: &[KeyDispatchStackFrame],
1168    ) {
1169        let action_type = action.as_any().type_id();
1170
1171        if let Some(mut global_listeners) = self.app.global_action_listeners.remove(&action_type) {
1172            for listener in &global_listeners {
1173                listener(action.as_ref(), DispatchPhase::Capture, self);
1174                if !self.app.propagate_event {
1175                    break;
1176                }
1177            }
1178            global_listeners.extend(
1179                self.global_action_listeners
1180                    .remove(&action_type)
1181                    .unwrap_or_default(),
1182            );
1183            self.global_action_listeners
1184                .insert(action_type, global_listeners);
1185        }
1186
1187        if self.app.propagate_event {
1188            for stack_frame in dispatch_stack {
1189                if let KeyDispatchStackFrame::Listener {
1190                    event_type,
1191                    listener,
1192                } = stack_frame
1193                {
1194                    if action_type == *event_type {
1195                        listener(action.as_any(), &[], DispatchPhase::Capture, self);
1196                        if !self.app.propagate_event {
1197                            break;
1198                        }
1199                    }
1200                }
1201            }
1202        }
1203
1204        if self.app.propagate_event {
1205            for stack_frame in dispatch_stack.iter().rev() {
1206                if let KeyDispatchStackFrame::Listener {
1207                    event_type,
1208                    listener,
1209                } = stack_frame
1210                {
1211                    if action_type == *event_type {
1212                        listener(action.as_any(), &[], DispatchPhase::Bubble, self);
1213                        if !self.app.propagate_event {
1214                            break;
1215                        }
1216                    }
1217                }
1218            }
1219        }
1220
1221        if self.app.propagate_event {
1222            if let Some(mut global_listeners) =
1223                self.app.global_action_listeners.remove(&action_type)
1224            {
1225                for listener in global_listeners.iter().rev() {
1226                    listener(action.as_ref(), DispatchPhase::Bubble, self);
1227                    if !self.app.propagate_event {
1228                        break;
1229                    }
1230                }
1231                global_listeners.extend(
1232                    self.global_action_listeners
1233                        .remove(&action_type)
1234                        .unwrap_or_default(),
1235                );
1236                self.global_action_listeners
1237                    .insert(action_type, global_listeners);
1238            }
1239        }
1240    }
1241}
1242
1243impl Context for WindowContext<'_> {
1244    type Result<T> = T;
1245
1246    fn build_model<T>(
1247        &mut self,
1248        build_model: impl FnOnce(&mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> T,
1249    ) -> Model<T>
1250    where
1251        T: 'static,
1252    {
1253        let slot = self.app.entities.reserve();
1254        let model = build_model(&mut ModelContext::new(&mut *self.app, slot.downgrade()));
1255        self.entities.insert(slot, model)
1256    }
1257
1258    fn update_model<T: 'static, R>(
1259        &mut self,
1260        model: &Model<T>,
1261        update: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> R,
1262    ) -> R {
1263        let mut entity = self.entities.lease(model);
1264        let result = update(
1265            &mut *entity,
1266            &mut ModelContext::new(&mut *self.app, model.downgrade()),
1267        );
1268        self.entities.end_lease(entity);
1269        result
1270    }
1271
1272    fn update_window<T, F>(&mut self, window: AnyWindowHandle, update: F) -> Result<T>
1273    where
1274        F: FnOnce(AnyView, &mut WindowContext<'_>) -> T,
1275    {
1276        if window == self.window.handle {
1277            let root_view = self.window.root_view.clone().unwrap();
1278            Ok(update(root_view, self))
1279        } else {
1280            window.update(self.app, update)
1281        }
1282    }
1283}
1284
1285impl VisualContext for WindowContext<'_> {
1286    fn build_view<V>(
1287        &mut self,
1288        build_view_state: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, V>) -> V,
1289    ) -> Self::Result<View<V>>
1290    where
1291        V: 'static,
1292    {
1293        let slot = self.app.entities.reserve();
1294        let view = View {
1295            model: slot.clone(),
1296        };
1297        let mut cx = ViewContext::new(&mut *self.app, &mut *self.window, &view);
1298        let entity = build_view_state(&mut cx);
1299        self.entities.insert(slot, entity);
1300        view
1301    }
1302
1303    /// Update the given view. Prefer calling `View::update` instead, which calls this method.
1304    fn update_view<T: 'static, R>(
1305        &mut self,
1306        view: &View<T>,
1307        update: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut ViewContext<'_, T>) -> R,
1308    ) -> Self::Result<R> {
1309        let mut lease = self.app.entities.lease(&view.model);
1310        let mut cx = ViewContext::new(&mut *self.app, &mut *self.window, &view);
1311        let result = update(&mut *lease, &mut cx);
1312        cx.app.entities.end_lease(lease);
1313        result
1314    }
1315
1316    fn replace_root_view<V>(
1317        &mut self,
1318        build_view: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, V>) -> V,
1319    ) -> Self::Result<View<V>>
1320    where
1321        V: Render,
1322    {
1323        let slot = self.app.entities.reserve();
1324        let view = View {
1325            model: slot.clone(),
1326        };
1327        let mut cx = ViewContext::new(&mut *self.app, &mut *self.window, &view);
1328        let entity = build_view(&mut cx);
1329        self.entities.insert(slot, entity);
1330        self.window.root_view = Some(view.clone().into());
1331        view
1332    }
1333}
1334
1335impl<'a> std::ops::Deref for WindowContext<'a> {
1336    type Target = AppContext;
1337
1338    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
1339        &self.app
1340    }
1341}
1342
1343impl<'a> std::ops::DerefMut for WindowContext<'a> {
1344    fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
1345        &mut self.app
1346    }
1347}
1348
1349impl<'a> Borrow<AppContext> for WindowContext<'a> {
1350    fn borrow(&self) -> &AppContext {
1351        &self.app
1352    }
1353}
1354
1355impl<'a> BorrowMut<AppContext> for WindowContext<'a> {
1356    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut AppContext {
1357        &mut self.app
1358    }
1359}
1360
1361pub trait BorrowWindow: BorrowMut<Window> + BorrowMut<AppContext> {
1362    fn app_mut(&mut self) -> &mut AppContext {
1363        self.borrow_mut()
1364    }
1365
1366    fn window(&self) -> &Window {
1367        self.borrow()
1368    }
1369
1370    fn window_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Window {
1371        self.borrow_mut()
1372    }
1373
1374    /// Pushes the given element id onto the global stack and invokes the given closure
1375    /// with a `GlobalElementId`, which disambiguates the given id in the context of its ancestor
1376    /// ids. Because elements are discarded and recreated on each frame, the `GlobalElementId` is
1377    /// used to associate state with identified elements across separate frames.
1378    fn with_element_id<R>(
1379        &mut self,
1380        id: impl Into<ElementId>,
1381        f: impl FnOnce(GlobalElementId, &mut Self) -> R,
1382    ) -> R {
1383        let keymap = self.app_mut().keymap.clone();
1384        let window = self.window_mut();
1385        window.element_id_stack.push(id.into());
1386        let global_id = window.element_id_stack.clone();
1387
1388        if window.key_matchers.get(&global_id).is_none() {
1389            window.key_matchers.insert(
1390                global_id.clone(),
1391                window
1392                    .prev_frame_key_matchers
1393                    .remove(&global_id)
1394                    .unwrap_or_else(|| KeyMatcher::new(keymap)),
1395            );
1396        }
1397
1398        let result = f(global_id, self);
1399        let window: &mut Window = self.borrow_mut();
1400        window.element_id_stack.pop();
1401        result
1402    }
1403
1404    /// Invoke the given function with the given content mask after intersecting it
1405    /// with the current mask.
1406    fn with_content_mask<R>(
1407        &mut self,
1408        mask: ContentMask<Pixels>,
1409        f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1410    ) -> R {
1411        let mask = mask.intersect(&self.content_mask());
1412        self.window_mut().content_mask_stack.push(mask);
1413        let result = f(self);
1414        self.window_mut().content_mask_stack.pop();
1415        result
1416    }
1417
1418    /// Update the global element offset based on the given offset. This is used to implement
1419    /// scrolling and position drag handles.
1420    fn with_element_offset<R>(
1421        &mut self,
1422        offset: Option<Point<Pixels>>,
1423        f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1424    ) -> R {
1425        let Some(offset) = offset else {
1426            return f(self);
1427        };
1428
1429        let offset = self.element_offset() + offset;
1430        self.window_mut().element_offset_stack.push(offset);
1431        let result = f(self);
1432        self.window_mut().element_offset_stack.pop();
1433        result
1434    }
1435
1436    /// Obtain the current element offset.
1437    fn element_offset(&self) -> Point<Pixels> {
1438        self.window()
1439            .element_offset_stack
1440            .last()
1441            .copied()
1442            .unwrap_or_default()
1443    }
1444
1445    /// Update or intialize state for an element with the given id that lives across multiple
1446    /// frames. If an element with this id existed in the previous frame, its state will be passed
1447    /// to the given closure. The state returned by the closure will be stored so it can be referenced
1448    /// when drawing the next frame.
1449    fn with_element_state<S, R>(
1450        &mut self,
1451        id: ElementId,
1452        f: impl FnOnce(Option<S>, &mut Self) -> (R, S),
1453    ) -> R
1454    where
1455        S: 'static,
1456    {
1457        self.with_element_id(id, |global_id, cx| {
1458            if let Some(any) = cx
1459                .window_mut()
1460                .element_states
1461                .remove(&global_id)
1462                .or_else(|| cx.window_mut().prev_frame_element_states.remove(&global_id))
1463            {
1464                // Using the extra inner option to avoid needing to reallocate a new box.
1465                let mut state_box = any
1466                    .downcast::<Option<S>>()
1467                    .expect("invalid element state type for id");
1468                let state = state_box
1469                    .take()
1470                    .expect("element state is already on the stack");
1471                let (result, state) = f(Some(state), cx);
1472                state_box.replace(state);
1473                cx.window_mut().element_states.insert(global_id, state_box);
1474                result
1475            } else {
1476                let (result, state) = f(None, cx);
1477                cx.window_mut()
1478                    .element_states
1479                    .insert(global_id, Box::new(Some(state)));
1480                result
1481            }
1482        })
1483    }
1484
1485    /// Like `with_element_state`, but for situations where the element_id is optional. If the
1486    /// id is `None`, no state will be retrieved or stored.
1487    fn with_optional_element_state<S, R>(
1488        &mut self,
1489        element_id: Option<ElementId>,
1490        f: impl FnOnce(Option<S>, &mut Self) -> (R, S),
1491    ) -> R
1492    where
1493        S: 'static,
1494    {
1495        if let Some(element_id) = element_id {
1496            self.with_element_state(element_id, f)
1497        } else {
1498            f(None, self).0
1499        }
1500    }
1501
1502    /// Obtain the current content mask.
1503    fn content_mask(&self) -> ContentMask<Pixels> {
1504        self.window()
1505            .content_mask_stack
1506            .last()
1507            .cloned()
1508            .unwrap_or_else(|| ContentMask {
1509                bounds: Bounds {
1510                    origin: Point::default(),
1511                    size: self.window().content_size,
1512                },
1513            })
1514    }
1515
1516    /// The size of an em for the base font of the application. Adjusting this value allows the
1517    /// UI to scale, just like zooming a web page.
1518    fn rem_size(&self) -> Pixels {
1519        self.window().rem_size
1520    }
1521}
1522
1523impl Borrow<Window> for WindowContext<'_> {
1524    fn borrow(&self) -> &Window {
1525        &self.window
1526    }
1527}
1528
1529impl BorrowMut<Window> for WindowContext<'_> {
1530    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Window {
1531        &mut self.window
1532    }
1533}
1534
1535impl<T> BorrowWindow for T where T: BorrowMut<AppContext> + BorrowMut<Window> {}
1536
1537pub struct ViewContext<'a, V> {
1538    window_cx: WindowContext<'a>,
1539    view: &'a View<V>,
1540}
1541
1542impl<V> Borrow<AppContext> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
1543    fn borrow(&self) -> &AppContext {
1544        &*self.window_cx.app
1545    }
1546}
1547
1548impl<V> BorrowMut<AppContext> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
1549    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut AppContext {
1550        &mut *self.window_cx.app
1551    }
1552}
1553
1554impl<V> Borrow<Window> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
1555    fn borrow(&self) -> &Window {
1556        &*self.window_cx.window
1557    }
1558}
1559
1560impl<V> BorrowMut<Window> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
1561    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Window {
1562        &mut *self.window_cx.window
1563    }
1564}
1565
1566impl<'a, V: 'static> ViewContext<'a, V> {
1567    pub(crate) fn new(app: &'a mut AppContext, window: &'a mut Window, view: &'a View<V>) -> Self {
1568        Self {
1569            window_cx: WindowContext::new(app, window),
1570            view,
1571        }
1572    }
1573
1574    pub fn view(&self) -> View<V> {
1575        self.view.clone()
1576    }
1577
1578    pub fn model(&self) -> Model<V> {
1579        self.view.model.clone()
1580    }
1581
1582    pub fn stack<R>(&mut self, order: u32, f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R) -> R {
1583        self.window.z_index_stack.push(order);
1584        let result = f(self);
1585        self.window.z_index_stack.pop();
1586        result
1587    }
1588
1589    pub fn on_next_frame(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static)
1590    where
1591        V: 'static,
1592    {
1593        let view = self.view();
1594        self.window_cx.on_next_frame(move |cx| view.update(cx, f));
1595    }
1596
1597    /// Schedules the given function to be run at the end of the current effect cycle, allowing entities
1598    /// that are currently on the stack to be returned to the app.
1599    pub fn defer(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static) {
1600        let view = self.view().downgrade();
1601        self.window_cx.defer(move |cx| {
1602            view.update(cx, f).ok();
1603        });
1604    }
1605
1606    pub fn observe<V2, E>(
1607        &mut self,
1608        entity: &E,
1609        mut on_notify: impl FnMut(&mut V, E, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
1610    ) -> Subscription
1611    where
1612        V2: 'static,
1613        V: 'static,
1614        E: Entity<V2>,
1615    {
1616        let view = self.view().downgrade();
1617        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
1618        let entity = entity.downgrade();
1619        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
1620        self.app.observers.insert(
1621            entity_id,
1622            Box::new(move |cx| {
1623                window_handle
1624                    .update(cx, |_, cx| {
1625                        if let Some(handle) = E::upgrade_from(&entity) {
1626                            view.update(cx, |this, cx| on_notify(this, handle, cx))
1627                                .is_ok()
1628                        } else {
1629                            false
1630                        }
1631                    })
1632                    .unwrap_or(false)
1633            }),
1634        )
1635    }
1636
1637    pub fn subscribe<V2, E>(
1638        &mut self,
1639        entity: &E,
1640        mut on_event: impl FnMut(&mut V, E, &V2::Event, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
1641    ) -> Subscription
1642    where
1643        V2: EventEmitter,
1644        E: Entity<V2>,
1645    {
1646        let view = self.view().downgrade();
1647        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
1648        let handle = entity.downgrade();
1649        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
1650        self.app.event_listeners.insert(
1651            entity_id,
1652            Box::new(move |event, cx| {
1653                window_handle
1654                    .update(cx, |_, cx| {
1655                        if let Some(handle) = E::upgrade_from(&handle) {
1656                            let event = event.downcast_ref().expect("invalid event type");
1657                            view.update(cx, |this, cx| on_event(this, handle, event, cx))
1658                                .is_ok()
1659                        } else {
1660                            false
1661                        }
1662                    })
1663                    .unwrap_or(false)
1664            }),
1665        )
1666    }
1667
1668    pub fn on_release(
1669        &mut self,
1670        on_release: impl FnOnce(&mut V, &mut WindowContext) + 'static,
1671    ) -> Subscription {
1672        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
1673        self.app.release_listeners.insert(
1674            self.view.model.entity_id,
1675            Box::new(move |this, cx| {
1676                let this = this.downcast_mut().expect("invalid entity type");
1677                let _ = window_handle.update(cx, |_, cx| on_release(this, cx));
1678            }),
1679        )
1680    }
1681
1682    pub fn observe_release<V2, E>(
1683        &mut self,
1684        entity: &E,
1685        mut on_release: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut V2, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
1686    ) -> Subscription
1687    where
1688        V: 'static,
1689        V2: 'static,
1690        E: Entity<V2>,
1691    {
1692        let view = self.view().downgrade();
1693        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
1694        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
1695        self.app.release_listeners.insert(
1696            entity_id,
1697            Box::new(move |entity, cx| {
1698                let entity = entity.downcast_mut().expect("invalid entity type");
1699                let _ = window_handle.update(cx, |_, cx| {
1700                    view.update(cx, |this, cx| on_release(this, entity, cx))
1701                });
1702            }),
1703        )
1704    }
1705
1706    pub fn notify(&mut self) {
1707        self.window_cx.notify();
1708        self.window_cx.app.push_effect(Effect::Notify {
1709            emitter: self.view.model.entity_id,
1710        });
1711    }
1712
1713    pub fn on_focus_changed(
1714        &mut self,
1715        listener: impl Fn(&mut V, &FocusEvent, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
1716    ) {
1717        let handle = self.view().downgrade();
1718        self.window.focus_listeners.push(Box::new(move |event, cx| {
1719            handle
1720                .update(cx, |view, cx| listener(view, event, cx))
1721                .log_err();
1722        }));
1723    }
1724
1725    pub fn with_key_listeners<R>(
1726        &mut self,
1727        key_listeners: impl IntoIterator<Item = (TypeId, KeyListener<V>)>,
1728        f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1729    ) -> R {
1730        let old_stack_len = self.window.key_dispatch_stack.len();
1731        if !self.window.freeze_key_dispatch_stack {
1732            for (event_type, listener) in key_listeners {
1733                let handle = self.view().downgrade();
1734                let listener = Box::new(
1735                    move |event: &dyn Any,
1736                          context_stack: &[&DispatchContext],
1737                          phase: DispatchPhase,
1738                          cx: &mut WindowContext<'_>| {
1739                        handle
1740                            .update(cx, |view, cx| {
1741                                listener(view, event, context_stack, phase, cx)
1742                            })
1743                            .log_err()
1744                            .flatten()
1745                    },
1746                );
1747                self.window
1748                    .key_dispatch_stack
1749                    .push(KeyDispatchStackFrame::Listener {
1750                        event_type,
1751                        listener,
1752                    });
1753            }
1754        }
1755
1756        let result = f(self);
1757
1758        if !self.window.freeze_key_dispatch_stack {
1759            self.window.key_dispatch_stack.truncate(old_stack_len);
1760        }
1761
1762        result
1763    }
1764
1765    pub fn with_key_dispatch_context<R>(
1766        &mut self,
1767        context: DispatchContext,
1768        f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1769    ) -> R {
1770        if context.is_empty() {
1771            return f(self);
1772        }
1773
1774        if !self.window.freeze_key_dispatch_stack {
1775            self.window
1776                .key_dispatch_stack
1777                .push(KeyDispatchStackFrame::Context(context));
1778        }
1779
1780        let result = f(self);
1781
1782        if !self.window.freeze_key_dispatch_stack {
1783            self.window.key_dispatch_stack.pop();
1784        }
1785
1786        result
1787    }
1788
1789    pub fn with_focus<R>(
1790        &mut self,
1791        focus_handle: FocusHandle,
1792        f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1793    ) -> R {
1794        if let Some(parent_focus_id) = self.window.focus_stack.last().copied() {
1795            self.window
1796                .focus_parents_by_child
1797                .insert(focus_handle.id, parent_focus_id);
1798        }
1799        self.window.focus_stack.push(focus_handle.id);
1800
1801        if Some(focus_handle.id) == self.window.focus {
1802            self.window.freeze_key_dispatch_stack = true;
1803        }
1804
1805        let result = f(self);
1806
1807        self.window.focus_stack.pop();
1808        result
1809    }
1810
1811    pub fn spawn<Fut, R>(
1812        &mut self,
1813        f: impl FnOnce(WeakView<V>, AsyncWindowContext) -> Fut,
1814    ) -> Task<R>
1815    where
1816        R: 'static,
1817        Fut: Future<Output = R> + 'static,
1818    {
1819        let view = self.view().downgrade();
1820        self.window_cx.spawn(|cx| f(view, cx))
1821    }
1822
1823    pub fn update_global<G, R>(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut G, &mut Self) -> R) -> R
1824    where
1825        G: 'static,
1826    {
1827        let mut global = self.app.lease_global::<G>();
1828        let result = f(&mut global, self);
1829        self.app.end_global_lease(global);
1830        result
1831    }
1832
1833    pub fn observe_global<G: 'static>(
1834        &mut self,
1835        f: impl Fn(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
1836    ) -> Subscription {
1837        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
1838        let view = self.view().downgrade();
1839        self.global_observers.insert(
1840            TypeId::of::<G>(),
1841            Box::new(move |cx| {
1842                window_handle
1843                    .update(cx, |_, cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| f(view, cx)).is_ok())
1844                    .unwrap_or(false)
1845            }),
1846        )
1847    }
1848
1849    pub fn on_mouse_event<Event: 'static>(
1850        &mut self,
1851        handler: impl Fn(&mut V, &Event, DispatchPhase, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
1852    ) {
1853        let handle = self.view();
1854        self.window_cx.on_mouse_event(move |event, phase, cx| {
1855            handle.update(cx, |view, cx| {
1856                handler(view, event, phase, cx);
1857            })
1858        });
1859    }
1860}
1861
1862impl<V> ViewContext<'_, V>
1863where
1864    V: EventEmitter,
1865    V::Event: 'static,
1866{
1867    pub fn emit(&mut self, event: V::Event) {
1868        let emitter = self.view.model.entity_id;
1869        self.app.push_effect(Effect::Emit {
1870            emitter,
1871            event: Box::new(event),
1872        });
1873    }
1874}
1875
1876impl<V> Context for ViewContext<'_, V> {
1877    type Result<U> = U;
1878
1879    fn build_model<T: 'static>(
1880        &mut self,
1881        build_model: impl FnOnce(&mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> T,
1882    ) -> Model<T> {
1883        self.window_cx.build_model(build_model)
1884    }
1885
1886    fn update_model<T: 'static, R>(
1887        &mut self,
1888        model: &Model<T>,
1889        update: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> R,
1890    ) -> R {
1891        self.window_cx.update_model(model, update)
1892    }
1893
1894    fn update_window<T, F>(&mut self, window: AnyWindowHandle, update: F) -> Result<T>
1895    where
1896        F: FnOnce(AnyView, &mut WindowContext<'_>) -> T,
1897    {
1898        self.window_cx.update_window(window, update)
1899    }
1900}
1901
1902impl<V: 'static> VisualContext for ViewContext<'_, V> {
1903    fn build_view<W: 'static>(
1904        &mut self,
1905        build_view: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, W>) -> W,
1906    ) -> Self::Result<View<W>> {
1907        self.window_cx.build_view(build_view)
1908    }
1909
1910    fn update_view<V2: 'static, R>(
1911        &mut self,
1912        view: &View<V2>,
1913        update: impl FnOnce(&mut V2, &mut ViewContext<'_, V2>) -> R,
1914    ) -> Self::Result<R> {
1915        self.window_cx.update_view(view, update)
1916    }
1917
1918    fn replace_root_view<W>(
1919        &mut self,
1920        build_view: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, W>) -> W,
1921    ) -> Self::Result<View<W>>
1922    where
1923        W: Render,
1924    {
1925        self.window_cx.replace_root_view(build_view)
1926    }
1927}
1928
1929impl<'a, V> std::ops::Deref for ViewContext<'a, V> {
1930    type Target = WindowContext<'a>;
1931
1932    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
1933        &self.window_cx
1934    }
1935}
1936
1937impl<'a, V> std::ops::DerefMut for ViewContext<'a, V> {
1938    fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
1939        &mut self.window_cx
1940    }
1941}
1942
1943// #[derive(Clone, Copy, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
1944slotmap::new_key_type! { pub struct WindowId; }
1945
1946impl WindowId {
1947    pub fn as_u64(&self) -> u64 {
1948        self.0.as_ffi()
1949    }
1950}
1951
1952#[derive(Deref, DerefMut)]
1953pub struct WindowHandle<V> {
1954    #[deref]
1955    #[deref_mut]
1956    pub(crate) any_handle: AnyWindowHandle,
1957    state_type: PhantomData<V>,
1958}
1959
1960impl<V: 'static + Render> WindowHandle<V> {
1961    pub fn new(id: WindowId) -> Self {
1962        WindowHandle {
1963            any_handle: AnyWindowHandle {
1964                id,
1965                state_type: TypeId::of::<V>(),
1966            },
1967            state_type: PhantomData,
1968        }
1969    }
1970
1971    pub fn update<C, R>(
1972        self,
1973        cx: &mut C,
1974        update: impl FnOnce(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) -> R,
1975    ) -> Result<R>
1976    where
1977        C: Context,
1978    {
1979        cx.update_window(self.any_handle, |root_view, cx| {
1980            let view = root_view
1981                .downcast::<V>()
1982                .map_err(|_| anyhow!("the type of the window's root view has changed"))?;
1983            Ok(cx.update_view(&view, update))
1984        })?
1985    }
1986}
1987
1988impl<V> Copy for WindowHandle<V> {}
1989
1990impl<V> Clone for WindowHandle<V> {
1991    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
1992        WindowHandle {
1993            any_handle: self.any_handle,
1994            state_type: PhantomData,
1995        }
1996    }
1997}
1998
1999impl<V> PartialEq for WindowHandle<V> {
2000    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
2001        self.any_handle == other.any_handle
2002    }
2003}
2004
2005impl<V> Eq for WindowHandle<V> {}
2006
2007impl<V> Hash for WindowHandle<V> {
2008    fn hash<H: Hasher>(&self, state: &mut H) {
2009        self.any_handle.hash(state);
2010    }
2011}
2012
2013impl<V: 'static> Into<AnyWindowHandle> for WindowHandle<V> {
2014    fn into(self) -> AnyWindowHandle {
2015        self.any_handle
2016    }
2017}
2018
2019#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
2020pub struct AnyWindowHandle {
2021    pub(crate) id: WindowId,
2022    state_type: TypeId,
2023}
2024
2025impl AnyWindowHandle {
2026    pub fn window_id(&self) -> WindowId {
2027        self.id
2028    }
2029
2030    pub fn downcast<T: 'static>(&self) -> Option<WindowHandle<T>> {
2031        if TypeId::of::<T>() == self.state_type {
2032            Some(WindowHandle {
2033                any_handle: *self,
2034                state_type: PhantomData,
2035            })
2036        } else {
2037            None
2038        }
2039    }
2040
2041    pub fn update<C, R>(
2042        self,
2043        cx: &mut C,
2044        update: impl FnOnce(AnyView, &mut WindowContext<'_>) -> R,
2045    ) -> Result<R>
2046    where
2047        C: Context,
2048    {
2049        cx.update_window(self, update)
2050    }
2051}
2052
2053#[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-support"))]
2054impl From<SmallVec<[u32; 16]>> for StackingOrder {
2055    fn from(small_vec: SmallVec<[u32; 16]>) -> Self {
2056        StackingOrder(small_vec)
2057    }
2058}
2059
2060#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
2061pub enum ElementId {
2062    View(EntityId),
2063    Number(usize),
2064    Name(SharedString),
2065    FocusHandle(FocusId),
2066}
2067
2068impl From<EntityId> for ElementId {
2069    fn from(id: EntityId) -> Self {
2070        ElementId::View(id)
2071    }
2072}
2073
2074impl From<usize> for ElementId {
2075    fn from(id: usize) -> Self {
2076        ElementId::Number(id)
2077    }
2078}
2079
2080impl From<i32> for ElementId {
2081    fn from(id: i32) -> Self {
2082        Self::Number(id as usize)
2083    }
2084}
2085
2086impl From<SharedString> for ElementId {
2087    fn from(name: SharedString) -> Self {
2088        ElementId::Name(name)
2089    }
2090}
2091
2092impl From<&'static str> for ElementId {
2093    fn from(name: &'static str) -> Self {
2094        ElementId::Name(name.into())
2095    }
2096}
2097
2098impl<'a> From<&'a FocusHandle> for ElementId {
2099    fn from(handle: &'a FocusHandle) -> Self {
2100        ElementId::FocusHandle(handle.id)
2101    }
2102}