util.rs

   1pub mod arc_cow;
   2pub mod archive;
   3pub mod command;
   4pub mod fs;
   5pub mod markdown;
   6pub mod paths;
   7pub mod redact;
   8pub mod rel_path;
   9pub mod schemars;
  10pub mod serde;
  11pub mod shell_env;
  12pub mod size;
  13#[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-support"))]
  14pub mod test;
  15pub mod time;
  16
  17use anyhow::Result;
  18use futures::Future;
  19use itertools::Either;
  20use regex::Regex;
  21use std::sync::{LazyLock, OnceLock};
  22use std::{
  23    borrow::Cow,
  24    cmp::{self, Ordering},
  25    env,
  26    ops::{AddAssign, Range, RangeInclusive},
  27    panic::Location,
  28    pin::Pin,
  29    task::{Context, Poll},
  30    time::Instant,
  31};
  32use unicase::UniCase;
  33
  34pub use take_until::*;
  35#[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-support"))]
  36pub use util_macros::{line_endings, path, uri};
  37
  38#[macro_export]
  39macro_rules! debug_panic {
  40    ( $($fmt_arg:tt)* ) => {
  41        if cfg!(debug_assertions) {
  42            panic!( $($fmt_arg)* );
  43        } else {
  44            let backtrace = std::backtrace::Backtrace::capture();
  45            log::error!("{}\n{:?}", format_args!($($fmt_arg)*), backtrace);
  46        }
  47    };
  48}
  49
  50pub fn truncate(s: &str, max_chars: usize) -> &str {
  51    match s.char_indices().nth(max_chars) {
  52        None => s,
  53        Some((idx, _)) => &s[..idx],
  54    }
  55}
  56
  57/// Removes characters from the end of the string if its length is greater than `max_chars` and
  58/// appends "..." to the string. Returns string unchanged if its length is smaller than max_chars.
  59pub fn truncate_and_trailoff(s: &str, max_chars: usize) -> String {
  60    debug_assert!(max_chars >= 5);
  61
  62    // If the string's byte length is <= max_chars, walking the string can be skipped since the
  63    // number of chars is <= the number of bytes.
  64    if s.len() <= max_chars {
  65        return s.to_string();
  66    }
  67    let truncation_ix = s.char_indices().map(|(i, _)| i).nth(max_chars);
  68    match truncation_ix {
  69        Some(index) => s[..index].to_string() + "…",
  70        _ => s.to_string(),
  71    }
  72}
  73
  74/// Removes characters from the front of the string if its length is greater than `max_chars` and
  75/// prepends the string with "...". Returns string unchanged if its length is smaller than max_chars.
  76pub fn truncate_and_remove_front(s: &str, max_chars: usize) -> String {
  77    debug_assert!(max_chars >= 5);
  78
  79    // If the string's byte length is <= max_chars, walking the string can be skipped since the
  80    // number of chars is <= the number of bytes.
  81    if s.len() <= max_chars {
  82        return s.to_string();
  83    }
  84    let suffix_char_length = max_chars.saturating_sub(1);
  85    let truncation_ix = s
  86        .char_indices()
  87        .map(|(i, _)| i)
  88        .nth_back(suffix_char_length);
  89    match truncation_ix {
  90        Some(index) if index > 0 => "…".to_string() + &s[index..],
  91        _ => s.to_string(),
  92    }
  93}
  94
  95/// Takes only `max_lines` from the string and, if there were more than `max_lines-1`, appends a
  96/// a newline and "..." to the string, so that `max_lines` are returned.
  97/// Returns string unchanged if its length is smaller than max_lines.
  98pub fn truncate_lines_and_trailoff(s: &str, max_lines: usize) -> String {
  99    let mut lines = s.lines().take(max_lines).collect::<Vec<_>>();
 100    if lines.len() > max_lines - 1 {
 101        lines.pop();
 102        lines.join("\n") + "\n…"
 103    } else {
 104        lines.join("\n")
 105    }
 106}
 107
 108/// Truncates the string at a character boundary, such that the result is less than `max_bytes` in
 109/// length.
 110pub fn truncate_to_byte_limit(s: &str, max_bytes: usize) -> &str {
 111    if s.len() < max_bytes {
 112        return s;
 113    }
 114
 115    for i in (0..max_bytes).rev() {
 116        if s.is_char_boundary(i) {
 117            return &s[..i];
 118        }
 119    }
 120
 121    ""
 122}
 123
 124/// Takes a prefix of complete lines which fit within the byte limit. If the first line is longer
 125/// than the limit, truncates at a character boundary.
 126pub fn truncate_lines_to_byte_limit(s: &str, max_bytes: usize) -> &str {
 127    if s.len() < max_bytes {
 128        return s;
 129    }
 130
 131    for i in (0..max_bytes).rev() {
 132        if s.is_char_boundary(i) {
 133            if s.as_bytes()[i] == b'\n' {
 134                // Since the i-th character is \n, valid to slice at i + 1.
 135                return &s[..i + 1];
 136            }
 137        }
 138    }
 139
 140    truncate_to_byte_limit(s, max_bytes)
 141}
 142
 143#[test]
 144fn test_truncate_lines_to_byte_limit() {
 145    let text = "Line 1\nLine 2\nLine 3\nLine 4";
 146
 147    // Limit that includes all lines
 148    assert_eq!(truncate_lines_to_byte_limit(text, 100), text);
 149
 150    // Exactly the first line
 151    assert_eq!(truncate_lines_to_byte_limit(text, 7), "Line 1\n");
 152
 153    // Limit between lines
 154    assert_eq!(truncate_lines_to_byte_limit(text, 13), "Line 1\n");
 155    assert_eq!(truncate_lines_to_byte_limit(text, 20), "Line 1\nLine 2\n");
 156
 157    // Limit before first newline
 158    assert_eq!(truncate_lines_to_byte_limit(text, 6), "Line ");
 159
 160    // Test with non-ASCII characters
 161    let text_utf8 = "Line 1\nLΓ­ne 2\nLine 3";
 162    assert_eq!(
 163        truncate_lines_to_byte_limit(text_utf8, 15),
 164        "Line 1\nLΓ­ne 2\n"
 165    );
 166}
 167
 168pub fn post_inc<T: From<u8> + AddAssign<T> + Copy>(value: &mut T) -> T {
 169    let prev = *value;
 170    *value += T::from(1);
 171    prev
 172}
 173
 174/// Extend a sorted vector with a sorted sequence of items, maintaining the vector's sort order and
 175/// enforcing a maximum length. This also de-duplicates items. Sort the items according to the given callback. Before calling this,
 176/// both `vec` and `new_items` should already be sorted according to the `cmp` comparator.
 177pub fn extend_sorted<T, I, F>(vec: &mut Vec<T>, new_items: I, limit: usize, mut cmp: F)
 178where
 179    I: IntoIterator<Item = T>,
 180    F: FnMut(&T, &T) -> Ordering,
 181{
 182    let mut start_index = 0;
 183    for new_item in new_items {
 184        if let Err(i) = vec[start_index..].binary_search_by(|m| cmp(m, &new_item)) {
 185            let index = start_index + i;
 186            if vec.len() < limit {
 187                vec.insert(index, new_item);
 188            } else if index < vec.len() {
 189                vec.pop();
 190                vec.insert(index, new_item);
 191            }
 192            start_index = index;
 193        }
 194    }
 195}
 196
 197pub fn truncate_to_bottom_n_sorted_by<T, F>(items: &mut Vec<T>, limit: usize, compare: &F)
 198where
 199    F: Fn(&T, &T) -> Ordering,
 200{
 201    if limit == 0 {
 202        items.truncate(0);
 203    }
 204    if items.len() <= limit {
 205        items.sort_by(compare);
 206        return;
 207    }
 208    // When limit is near to items.len() it may be more efficient to sort the whole list and
 209    // truncate, rather than always doing selection first as is done below. It's hard to analyze
 210    // where the threshold for this should be since the quickselect style algorithm used by
 211    // `select_nth_unstable_by` makes the prefix partially sorted, and so its work is not wasted -
 212    // the expected number of comparisons needed by `sort_by` is less than it is for some arbitrary
 213    // unsorted input.
 214    items.select_nth_unstable_by(limit, compare);
 215    items.truncate(limit);
 216    items.sort_by(compare);
 217}
 218
 219/// Prevents execution of the application with root privileges on Unix systems.
 220///
 221/// This function checks if the current process is running with root privileges
 222/// and terminates the program with an error message unless explicitly allowed via the
 223/// `ZED_ALLOW_ROOT` environment variable.
 224#[cfg(unix)]
 225pub fn prevent_root_execution() {
 226    let is_root = nix::unistd::geteuid().is_root();
 227    let allow_root = std::env::var("ZED_ALLOW_ROOT").is_ok_and(|val| val == "true");
 228
 229    if is_root && !allow_root {
 230        eprintln!(
 231            "\
 232Error: Running Zed as root or via sudo is unsupported.
 233       Doing so (even once) may subtly break things for all subsequent non-root usage of Zed.
 234       It is untested and not recommended, don't complain when things break.
 235       If you wish to proceed anyways, set `ZED_ALLOW_ROOT=true` in your environment."
 236        );
 237        std::process::exit(1);
 238    }
 239}
 240
 241#[cfg(unix)]
 242fn load_shell_from_passwd() -> Result<()> {
 243    let buflen = match unsafe { libc::sysconf(libc::_SC_GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX) } {
 244        n if n < 0 => 1024,
 245        n => n as usize,
 246    };
 247    let mut buffer = Vec::with_capacity(buflen);
 248
 249    let mut pwd: std::mem::MaybeUninit<libc::passwd> = std::mem::MaybeUninit::uninit();
 250    let mut result: *mut libc::passwd = std::ptr::null_mut();
 251
 252    let uid = unsafe { libc::getuid() };
 253    let status = unsafe {
 254        libc::getpwuid_r(
 255            uid,
 256            pwd.as_mut_ptr(),
 257            buffer.as_mut_ptr() as *mut libc::c_char,
 258            buflen,
 259            &mut result,
 260        )
 261    };
 262    let entry = unsafe { pwd.assume_init() };
 263
 264    anyhow::ensure!(
 265        status == 0,
 266        "call to getpwuid_r failed. uid: {}, status: {}",
 267        uid,
 268        status
 269    );
 270    anyhow::ensure!(!result.is_null(), "passwd entry for uid {} not found", uid);
 271    anyhow::ensure!(
 272        entry.pw_uid == uid,
 273        "passwd entry has different uid ({}) than getuid ({}) returned",
 274        entry.pw_uid,
 275        uid,
 276    );
 277
 278    let shell = unsafe { std::ffi::CStr::from_ptr(entry.pw_shell).to_str().unwrap() };
 279    if env::var("SHELL").map_or(true, |shell_env| shell_env != shell) {
 280        log::info!(
 281            "updating SHELL environment variable to value from passwd entry: {:?}",
 282            shell,
 283        );
 284        unsafe { env::set_var("SHELL", shell) };
 285    }
 286
 287    Ok(())
 288}
 289
 290#[cfg(unix)]
 291/// Returns a shell escaped path for the current zed executable
 292pub fn get_shell_safe_zed_path() -> anyhow::Result<String> {
 293    use anyhow::Context;
 294
 295    let zed_path = std::env::current_exe()
 296        .context("Failed to determine current zed executable path.")?
 297        .to_string_lossy()
 298        .trim_end_matches(" (deleted)") // see https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/69343
 299        .to_string();
 300
 301    // As of writing, this can only be fail if the path contains a null byte, which shouldn't be possible
 302    // but shlex has annotated the error as #[non_exhaustive] so we can't make it a compile error if other
 303    // errors are introduced in the future :(
 304    let zed_path_escaped =
 305        shlex::try_quote(&zed_path).context("Failed to shell-escape Zed executable path.")?;
 306
 307    return Ok(zed_path_escaped.to_string());
 308}
 309
 310#[cfg(unix)]
 311pub fn load_login_shell_environment() -> Result<()> {
 312    load_shell_from_passwd().log_err();
 313
 314    // If possible, we want to `cd` in the user's `$HOME` to trigger programs
 315    // such as direnv, asdf, mise, ... to adjust the PATH. These tools often hook
 316    // into shell's `cd` command (and hooks) to manipulate env.
 317    // We do this so that we get the env a user would have when spawning a shell
 318    // in home directory.
 319    for (name, value) in shell_env::capture(paths::home_dir())? {
 320        unsafe { env::set_var(&name, &value) };
 321    }
 322
 323    log::info!(
 324        "set environment variables from shell:{}, path:{}",
 325        std::env::var("SHELL").unwrap_or_default(),
 326        std::env::var("PATH").unwrap_or_default(),
 327    );
 328
 329    Ok(())
 330}
 331
 332/// Configures the process to start a new session, to prevent interactive shells from taking control
 333/// of the terminal.
 334///
 335/// For more details: https://registerspill.thorstenball.com/p/how-to-lose-control-of-your-shell
 336pub fn set_pre_exec_to_start_new_session(
 337    command: &mut std::process::Command,
 338) -> &mut std::process::Command {
 339    // safety: code in pre_exec should be signal safe.
 340    // https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man7/signal-safety.7.html
 341    #[cfg(not(target_os = "windows"))]
 342    unsafe {
 343        use std::os::unix::process::CommandExt;
 344        command.pre_exec(|| {
 345            libc::setsid();
 346            Ok(())
 347        });
 348    };
 349    command
 350}
 351
 352pub fn merge_json_lenient_value_into(
 353    source: serde_json_lenient::Value,
 354    target: &mut serde_json_lenient::Value,
 355) {
 356    match (source, target) {
 357        (serde_json_lenient::Value::Object(source), serde_json_lenient::Value::Object(target)) => {
 358            for (key, value) in source {
 359                if let Some(target) = target.get_mut(&key) {
 360                    merge_json_lenient_value_into(value, target);
 361                } else {
 362                    target.insert(key, value);
 363                }
 364            }
 365        }
 366
 367        (serde_json_lenient::Value::Array(source), serde_json_lenient::Value::Array(target)) => {
 368            for value in source {
 369                target.push(value);
 370            }
 371        }
 372
 373        (source, target) => *target = source,
 374    }
 375}
 376
 377pub fn merge_json_value_into(source: serde_json::Value, target: &mut serde_json::Value) {
 378    use serde_json::Value;
 379
 380    match (source, target) {
 381        (Value::Object(source), Value::Object(target)) => {
 382            for (key, value) in source {
 383                if let Some(target) = target.get_mut(&key) {
 384                    merge_json_value_into(value, target);
 385                } else {
 386                    target.insert(key, value);
 387                }
 388            }
 389        }
 390
 391        (Value::Array(source), Value::Array(target)) => {
 392            for value in source {
 393                target.push(value);
 394            }
 395        }
 396
 397        (source, target) => *target = source,
 398    }
 399}
 400
 401pub fn merge_non_null_json_value_into(source: serde_json::Value, target: &mut serde_json::Value) {
 402    use serde_json::Value;
 403    if let Value::Object(source_object) = source {
 404        let target_object = if let Value::Object(target) = target {
 405            target
 406        } else {
 407            *target = Value::Object(Default::default());
 408            target.as_object_mut().unwrap()
 409        };
 410        for (key, value) in source_object {
 411            if let Some(target) = target_object.get_mut(&key) {
 412                merge_non_null_json_value_into(value, target);
 413            } else if !value.is_null() {
 414                target_object.insert(key, value);
 415            }
 416        }
 417    } else if !source.is_null() {
 418        *target = source
 419    }
 420}
 421
 422pub fn measure<R>(label: &str, f: impl FnOnce() -> R) -> R {
 423    static ZED_MEASUREMENTS: OnceLock<bool> = OnceLock::new();
 424    let zed_measurements = ZED_MEASUREMENTS.get_or_init(|| {
 425        env::var("ZED_MEASUREMENTS")
 426            .map(|measurements| measurements == "1" || measurements == "true")
 427            .unwrap_or(false)
 428    });
 429
 430    if *zed_measurements {
 431        let start = Instant::now();
 432        let result = f();
 433        let elapsed = start.elapsed();
 434        eprintln!("{}: {:?}", label, elapsed);
 435        result
 436    } else {
 437        f()
 438    }
 439}
 440
 441pub fn expanded_and_wrapped_usize_range(
 442    range: Range<usize>,
 443    additional_before: usize,
 444    additional_after: usize,
 445    wrap_length: usize,
 446) -> impl Iterator<Item = usize> {
 447    let start_wraps = range.start < additional_before;
 448    let end_wraps = wrap_length < range.end + additional_after;
 449    if start_wraps && end_wraps {
 450        Either::Left(0..wrap_length)
 451    } else if start_wraps {
 452        let wrapped_start = (range.start + wrap_length).saturating_sub(additional_before);
 453        if wrapped_start <= range.end {
 454            Either::Left(0..wrap_length)
 455        } else {
 456            Either::Right((0..range.end + additional_after).chain(wrapped_start..wrap_length))
 457        }
 458    } else if end_wraps {
 459        let wrapped_end = range.end + additional_after - wrap_length;
 460        if range.start <= wrapped_end {
 461            Either::Left(0..wrap_length)
 462        } else {
 463            Either::Right((0..wrapped_end).chain(range.start - additional_before..wrap_length))
 464        }
 465    } else {
 466        Either::Left((range.start - additional_before)..(range.end + additional_after))
 467    }
 468}
 469
 470/// Yields `[i, i + 1, i - 1, i + 2, ..]`, each modulo `wrap_length` and bounded by
 471/// `additional_before` and `additional_after`. If the wrapping causes overlap, duplicates are not
 472/// emitted. If wrap_length is 0, nothing is yielded.
 473pub fn wrapped_usize_outward_from(
 474    start: usize,
 475    additional_before: usize,
 476    additional_after: usize,
 477    wrap_length: usize,
 478) -> impl Iterator<Item = usize> {
 479    let mut count = 0;
 480    let mut after_offset = 1;
 481    let mut before_offset = 1;
 482
 483    std::iter::from_fn(move || {
 484        count += 1;
 485        if count > wrap_length {
 486            None
 487        } else if count == 1 {
 488            Some(start % wrap_length)
 489        } else if after_offset <= additional_after && after_offset <= before_offset {
 490            let value = (start + after_offset) % wrap_length;
 491            after_offset += 1;
 492            Some(value)
 493        } else if before_offset <= additional_before {
 494            let value = (start + wrap_length - before_offset) % wrap_length;
 495            before_offset += 1;
 496            Some(value)
 497        } else if after_offset <= additional_after {
 498            let value = (start + after_offset) % wrap_length;
 499            after_offset += 1;
 500            Some(value)
 501        } else {
 502            None
 503        }
 504    })
 505}
 506
 507#[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
 508pub fn get_windows_system_shell() -> String {
 509    use std::path::PathBuf;
 510
 511    fn find_pwsh_in_programfiles(find_alternate: bool, find_preview: bool) -> Option<PathBuf> {
 512        #[cfg(target_pointer_width = "64")]
 513        let env_var = if find_alternate {
 514            "ProgramFiles(x86)"
 515        } else {
 516            "ProgramFiles"
 517        };
 518
 519        #[cfg(target_pointer_width = "32")]
 520        let env_var = if find_alternate {
 521            "ProgramW6432"
 522        } else {
 523            "ProgramFiles"
 524        };
 525
 526        let install_base_dir = PathBuf::from(std::env::var_os(env_var)?).join("PowerShell");
 527        install_base_dir
 528            .read_dir()
 529            .ok()?
 530            .filter_map(Result::ok)
 531            .filter(|entry| matches!(entry.file_type(), Ok(ft) if ft.is_dir()))
 532            .filter_map(|entry| {
 533                let dir_name = entry.file_name();
 534                let dir_name = dir_name.to_string_lossy();
 535
 536                let version = if find_preview {
 537                    let dash_index = dir_name.find('-')?;
 538                    if &dir_name[dash_index + 1..] != "preview" {
 539                        return None;
 540                    };
 541                    dir_name[..dash_index].parse::<u32>().ok()?
 542                } else {
 543                    dir_name.parse::<u32>().ok()?
 544                };
 545
 546                let exe_path = entry.path().join("pwsh.exe");
 547                if exe_path.exists() {
 548                    Some((version, exe_path))
 549                } else {
 550                    None
 551                }
 552            })
 553            .max_by_key(|(version, _)| *version)
 554            .map(|(_, path)| path)
 555    }
 556
 557    fn find_pwsh_in_msix(find_preview: bool) -> Option<PathBuf> {
 558        let msix_app_dir =
 559            PathBuf::from(std::env::var_os("LOCALAPPDATA")?).join("Microsoft\\WindowsApps");
 560        if !msix_app_dir.exists() {
 561            return None;
 562        }
 563
 564        let prefix = if find_preview {
 565            "Microsoft.PowerShellPreview_"
 566        } else {
 567            "Microsoft.PowerShell_"
 568        };
 569        msix_app_dir
 570            .read_dir()
 571            .ok()?
 572            .filter_map(|entry| {
 573                let entry = entry.ok()?;
 574                if !matches!(entry.file_type(), Ok(ft) if ft.is_dir()) {
 575                    return None;
 576                }
 577
 578                if !entry.file_name().to_string_lossy().starts_with(prefix) {
 579                    return None;
 580                }
 581
 582                let exe_path = entry.path().join("pwsh.exe");
 583                exe_path.exists().then_some(exe_path)
 584            })
 585            .next()
 586    }
 587
 588    fn find_pwsh_in_scoop() -> Option<PathBuf> {
 589        let pwsh_exe =
 590            PathBuf::from(std::env::var_os("USERPROFILE")?).join("scoop\\shims\\pwsh.exe");
 591        pwsh_exe.exists().then_some(pwsh_exe)
 592    }
 593
 594    static SYSTEM_SHELL: LazyLock<String> = LazyLock::new(|| {
 595        find_pwsh_in_programfiles(false, false)
 596            .or_else(|| find_pwsh_in_programfiles(true, false))
 597            .or_else(|| find_pwsh_in_msix(false))
 598            .or_else(|| find_pwsh_in_programfiles(false, true))
 599            .or_else(|| find_pwsh_in_msix(true))
 600            .or_else(|| find_pwsh_in_programfiles(true, true))
 601            .or_else(find_pwsh_in_scoop)
 602            .map(|p| p.to_string_lossy().to_string())
 603            .unwrap_or("powershell.exe".to_string())
 604    });
 605
 606    (*SYSTEM_SHELL).clone()
 607}
 608
 609pub trait ResultExt<E> {
 610    type Ok;
 611
 612    fn log_err(self) -> Option<Self::Ok>;
 613    /// Assert that this result should never be an error in development or tests.
 614    fn debug_assert_ok(self, reason: &str) -> Self;
 615    fn warn_on_err(self) -> Option<Self::Ok>;
 616    fn log_with_level(self, level: log::Level) -> Option<Self::Ok>;
 617    fn anyhow(self) -> anyhow::Result<Self::Ok>
 618    where
 619        E: Into<anyhow::Error>;
 620}
 621
 622impl<T, E> ResultExt<E> for Result<T, E>
 623where
 624    E: std::fmt::Debug,
 625{
 626    type Ok = T;
 627
 628    #[track_caller]
 629    fn log_err(self) -> Option<T> {
 630        self.log_with_level(log::Level::Error)
 631    }
 632
 633    #[track_caller]
 634    fn debug_assert_ok(self, reason: &str) -> Self {
 635        if let Err(error) = &self {
 636            debug_panic!("{reason} - {error:?}");
 637        }
 638        self
 639    }
 640
 641    #[track_caller]
 642    fn warn_on_err(self) -> Option<T> {
 643        self.log_with_level(log::Level::Warn)
 644    }
 645
 646    #[track_caller]
 647    fn log_with_level(self, level: log::Level) -> Option<T> {
 648        match self {
 649            Ok(value) => Some(value),
 650            Err(error) => {
 651                log_error_with_caller(*Location::caller(), error, level);
 652                None
 653            }
 654        }
 655    }
 656
 657    fn anyhow(self) -> anyhow::Result<T>
 658    where
 659        E: Into<anyhow::Error>,
 660    {
 661        self.map_err(Into::into)
 662    }
 663}
 664
 665fn log_error_with_caller<E>(caller: core::panic::Location<'_>, error: E, level: log::Level)
 666where
 667    E: std::fmt::Debug,
 668{
 669    #[cfg(not(target_os = "windows"))]
 670    let file = caller.file();
 671    #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
 672    let file = caller.file().replace('\\', "/");
 673    // In this codebase, the first segment of the file path is
 674    // the 'crates' folder, followed by the crate name.
 675    let target = file.split('/').nth(1);
 676
 677    log::logger().log(
 678        &log::Record::builder()
 679            .target(target.unwrap_or(""))
 680            .module_path(target)
 681            .args(format_args!("{:?}", error))
 682            .file(Some(caller.file()))
 683            .line(Some(caller.line()))
 684            .level(level)
 685            .build(),
 686    );
 687}
 688
 689pub fn log_err<E: std::fmt::Debug>(error: &E) {
 690    log_error_with_caller(*Location::caller(), error, log::Level::Warn);
 691}
 692
 693pub trait TryFutureExt {
 694    fn log_err(self) -> LogErrorFuture<Self>
 695    where
 696        Self: Sized;
 697
 698    fn log_tracked_err(self, location: core::panic::Location<'static>) -> LogErrorFuture<Self>
 699    where
 700        Self: Sized;
 701
 702    fn warn_on_err(self) -> LogErrorFuture<Self>
 703    where
 704        Self: Sized;
 705    fn unwrap(self) -> UnwrapFuture<Self>
 706    where
 707        Self: Sized;
 708}
 709
 710impl<F, T, E> TryFutureExt for F
 711where
 712    F: Future<Output = Result<T, E>>,
 713    E: std::fmt::Debug,
 714{
 715    #[track_caller]
 716    fn log_err(self) -> LogErrorFuture<Self>
 717    where
 718        Self: Sized,
 719    {
 720        let location = Location::caller();
 721        LogErrorFuture(self, log::Level::Error, *location)
 722    }
 723
 724    fn log_tracked_err(self, location: core::panic::Location<'static>) -> LogErrorFuture<Self>
 725    where
 726        Self: Sized,
 727    {
 728        LogErrorFuture(self, log::Level::Error, location)
 729    }
 730
 731    #[track_caller]
 732    fn warn_on_err(self) -> LogErrorFuture<Self>
 733    where
 734        Self: Sized,
 735    {
 736        let location = Location::caller();
 737        LogErrorFuture(self, log::Level::Warn, *location)
 738    }
 739
 740    fn unwrap(self) -> UnwrapFuture<Self>
 741    where
 742        Self: Sized,
 743    {
 744        UnwrapFuture(self)
 745    }
 746}
 747
 748#[must_use]
 749pub struct LogErrorFuture<F>(F, log::Level, core::panic::Location<'static>);
 750
 751impl<F, T, E> Future for LogErrorFuture<F>
 752where
 753    F: Future<Output = Result<T, E>>,
 754    E: std::fmt::Debug,
 755{
 756    type Output = Option<T>;
 757
 758    fn poll(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context) -> Poll<Self::Output> {
 759        let level = self.1;
 760        let location = self.2;
 761        let inner = unsafe { Pin::new_unchecked(&mut self.get_unchecked_mut().0) };
 762        match inner.poll(cx) {
 763            Poll::Ready(output) => Poll::Ready(match output {
 764                Ok(output) => Some(output),
 765                Err(error) => {
 766                    log_error_with_caller(location, error, level);
 767                    None
 768                }
 769            }),
 770            Poll::Pending => Poll::Pending,
 771        }
 772    }
 773}
 774
 775pub struct UnwrapFuture<F>(F);
 776
 777impl<F, T, E> Future for UnwrapFuture<F>
 778where
 779    F: Future<Output = Result<T, E>>,
 780    E: std::fmt::Debug,
 781{
 782    type Output = T;
 783
 784    fn poll(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context) -> Poll<Self::Output> {
 785        let inner = unsafe { Pin::new_unchecked(&mut self.get_unchecked_mut().0) };
 786        match inner.poll(cx) {
 787            Poll::Ready(result) => Poll::Ready(result.unwrap()),
 788            Poll::Pending => Poll::Pending,
 789        }
 790    }
 791}
 792
 793pub struct Deferred<F: FnOnce()>(Option<F>);
 794
 795impl<F: FnOnce()> Deferred<F> {
 796    /// Drop without running the deferred function.
 797    pub fn abort(mut self) {
 798        self.0.take();
 799    }
 800}
 801
 802impl<F: FnOnce()> Drop for Deferred<F> {
 803    fn drop(&mut self) {
 804        if let Some(f) = self.0.take() {
 805            f()
 806        }
 807    }
 808}
 809
 810/// Run the given function when the returned value is dropped (unless it's cancelled).
 811#[must_use]
 812pub fn defer<F: FnOnce()>(f: F) -> Deferred<F> {
 813    Deferred(Some(f))
 814}
 815
 816#[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-support"))]
 817mod rng {
 818    use rand::{Rng, seq::SliceRandom};
 819    pub struct RandomCharIter<T: Rng> {
 820        rng: T,
 821        simple_text: bool,
 822    }
 823
 824    impl<T: Rng> RandomCharIter<T> {
 825        pub fn new(rng: T) -> Self {
 826            Self {
 827                rng,
 828                simple_text: std::env::var("SIMPLE_TEXT").map_or(false, |v| !v.is_empty()),
 829            }
 830        }
 831
 832        pub fn with_simple_text(mut self) -> Self {
 833            self.simple_text = true;
 834            self
 835        }
 836    }
 837
 838    impl<T: Rng> Iterator for RandomCharIter<T> {
 839        type Item = char;
 840
 841        fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
 842            if self.simple_text {
 843                return if self.rng.gen_range(0..100) < 5 {
 844                    Some('\n')
 845                } else {
 846                    Some(self.rng.gen_range(b'a'..b'z' + 1).into())
 847                };
 848            }
 849
 850            match self.rng.gen_range(0..100) {
 851                // whitespace
 852                0..=19 => [' ', '\n', '\r', '\t'].choose(&mut self.rng).copied(),
 853                // two-byte greek letters
 854                20..=32 => char::from_u32(self.rng.gen_range(('Ξ±' as u32)..('Ο‰' as u32 + 1))),
 855                // // three-byte characters
 856                33..=45 => ['βœ‹', 'βœ…', '❌', '❎', '⭐']
 857                    .choose(&mut self.rng)
 858                    .copied(),
 859                // // four-byte characters
 860                46..=58 => ['🍐', 'πŸ€', 'πŸ—', 'πŸŽ‰'].choose(&mut self.rng).copied(),
 861                // ascii letters
 862                _ => Some(self.rng.gen_range(b'a'..b'z' + 1).into()),
 863            }
 864        }
 865    }
 866}
 867#[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-support"))]
 868pub use rng::RandomCharIter;
 869
 870/// Get an embedded file as a string.
 871pub fn asset_str<A: rust_embed::RustEmbed>(path: &str) -> Cow<'static, str> {
 872    match A::get(path).expect(path).data {
 873        Cow::Borrowed(bytes) => Cow::Borrowed(std::str::from_utf8(bytes).unwrap()),
 874        Cow::Owned(bytes) => Cow::Owned(String::from_utf8(bytes).unwrap()),
 875    }
 876}
 877
 878/// Expands to an immediately-invoked function expression. Good for using the ? operator
 879/// in functions which do not return an Option or Result.
 880///
 881/// Accepts a normal block, an async block, or an async move block.
 882#[macro_export]
 883macro_rules! maybe {
 884    ($block:block) => {
 885        (|| $block)()
 886    };
 887    (async $block:block) => {
 888        (|| async $block)()
 889    };
 890    (async move $block:block) => {
 891        (|| async move $block)()
 892    };
 893}
 894
 895pub trait RangeExt<T> {
 896    fn sorted(&self) -> Self;
 897    fn to_inclusive(&self) -> RangeInclusive<T>;
 898    fn overlaps(&self, other: &Range<T>) -> bool;
 899    fn contains_inclusive(&self, other: &Range<T>) -> bool;
 900}
 901
 902impl<T: Ord + Clone> RangeExt<T> for Range<T> {
 903    fn sorted(&self) -> Self {
 904        cmp::min(&self.start, &self.end).clone()..cmp::max(&self.start, &self.end).clone()
 905    }
 906
 907    fn to_inclusive(&self) -> RangeInclusive<T> {
 908        self.start.clone()..=self.end.clone()
 909    }
 910
 911    fn overlaps(&self, other: &Range<T>) -> bool {
 912        self.start < other.end && other.start < self.end
 913    }
 914
 915    fn contains_inclusive(&self, other: &Range<T>) -> bool {
 916        self.start <= other.start && other.end <= self.end
 917    }
 918}
 919
 920impl<T: Ord + Clone> RangeExt<T> for RangeInclusive<T> {
 921    fn sorted(&self) -> Self {
 922        cmp::min(self.start(), self.end()).clone()..=cmp::max(self.start(), self.end()).clone()
 923    }
 924
 925    fn to_inclusive(&self) -> RangeInclusive<T> {
 926        self.clone()
 927    }
 928
 929    fn overlaps(&self, other: &Range<T>) -> bool {
 930        self.start() < &other.end && &other.start <= self.end()
 931    }
 932
 933    fn contains_inclusive(&self, other: &Range<T>) -> bool {
 934        self.start() <= &other.start && &other.end <= self.end()
 935    }
 936}
 937
 938/// A way to sort strings with starting numbers numerically first, falling back to alphanumeric one,
 939/// case-insensitive.
 940///
 941/// This is useful for turning regular alphanumerically sorted sequences as `1-abc, 10, 11-def, .., 2, 21-abc`
 942/// into `1-abc, 2, 10, 11-def, .., 21-abc`
 943#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
 944pub struct NumericPrefixWithSuffix<'a>(Option<u64>, &'a str);
 945
 946impl<'a> NumericPrefixWithSuffix<'a> {
 947    pub fn from_numeric_prefixed_str(str: &'a str) -> Self {
 948        let i = str.chars().take_while(|c| c.is_ascii_digit()).count();
 949        let (prefix, remainder) = str.split_at(i);
 950
 951        let prefix = prefix.parse().ok();
 952        Self(prefix, remainder)
 953    }
 954}
 955
 956/// When dealing with equality, we need to consider the case of the strings to achieve strict equality
 957/// to handle cases like "a" < "A" instead of "a" == "A".
 958impl Ord for NumericPrefixWithSuffix<'_> {
 959    fn cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Ordering {
 960        match (self.0, other.0) {
 961            (None, None) => UniCase::new(self.1)
 962                .cmp(&UniCase::new(other.1))
 963                .then_with(|| self.1.cmp(other.1).reverse()),
 964            (None, Some(_)) => Ordering::Greater,
 965            (Some(_), None) => Ordering::Less,
 966            (Some(a), Some(b)) => a.cmp(&b).then_with(|| {
 967                UniCase::new(self.1)
 968                    .cmp(&UniCase::new(other.1))
 969                    .then_with(|| self.1.cmp(other.1).reverse())
 970            }),
 971        }
 972    }
 973}
 974
 975impl PartialOrd for NumericPrefixWithSuffix<'_> {
 976    fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Option<Ordering> {
 977        Some(self.cmp(other))
 978    }
 979}
 980
 981/// Capitalizes the first character of a string.
 982///
 983/// This function takes a string slice as input and returns a new `String` with the first character
 984/// capitalized.
 985///
 986/// # Examples
 987///
 988/// ```
 989/// use util::capitalize;
 990///
 991/// assert_eq!(capitalize("hello"), "Hello");
 992/// assert_eq!(capitalize("WORLD"), "WORLD");
 993/// assert_eq!(capitalize(""), "");
 994/// ```
 995pub fn capitalize(str: &str) -> String {
 996    let mut chars = str.chars();
 997    match chars.next() {
 998        None => String::new(),
 999        Some(first_char) => first_char.to_uppercase().collect::<String>() + chars.as_str(),
1000    }
1001}
1002
1003fn emoji_regex() -> &'static Regex {
1004    static EMOJI_REGEX: LazyLock<Regex> =
1005        LazyLock::new(|| Regex::new("(\\p{Emoji}|\u{200D})").unwrap());
1006    &EMOJI_REGEX
1007}
1008
1009/// Returns true if the given string consists of emojis only.
1010/// E.g. "πŸ‘¨β€πŸ‘©β€πŸ‘§β€πŸ‘§πŸ‘‹" will return true, but "πŸ‘‹!" will return false.
1011pub fn word_consists_of_emojis(s: &str) -> bool {
1012    let mut prev_end = 0;
1013    for capture in emoji_regex().find_iter(s) {
1014        if capture.start() != prev_end {
1015            return false;
1016        }
1017        prev_end = capture.end();
1018    }
1019    prev_end == s.len()
1020}
1021
1022/// Similar to `str::split`, but also provides byte-offset ranges of the results. Unlike
1023/// `str::split`, this is not generic on pattern types and does not return an `Iterator`.
1024pub fn split_str_with_ranges(s: &str, pat: impl Fn(char) -> bool) -> Vec<(Range<usize>, &str)> {
1025    let mut result = Vec::new();
1026    let mut start = 0;
1027
1028    for (i, ch) in s.char_indices() {
1029        if pat(ch) {
1030            if i > start {
1031                result.push((start..i, &s[start..i]));
1032            }
1033            start = i + ch.len_utf8();
1034        }
1035    }
1036
1037    if s.len() > start {
1038        result.push((start..s.len(), &s[start..s.len()]));
1039    }
1040
1041    result
1042}
1043
1044pub fn default<D: Default>() -> D {
1045    Default::default()
1046}
1047
1048pub fn get_system_shell() -> String {
1049    #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
1050    {
1051        get_windows_system_shell()
1052    }
1053
1054    #[cfg(not(target_os = "windows"))]
1055    {
1056        std::env::var("SHELL").unwrap_or("/bin/sh".to_string())
1057    }
1058}
1059
1060#[derive(Debug)]
1061pub enum ConnectionResult<O> {
1062    Timeout,
1063    ConnectionReset,
1064    Result(anyhow::Result<O>),
1065}
1066
1067impl<O> ConnectionResult<O> {
1068    pub fn into_response(self) -> anyhow::Result<O> {
1069        match self {
1070            ConnectionResult::Timeout => anyhow::bail!("Request timed out"),
1071            ConnectionResult::ConnectionReset => anyhow::bail!("Server reset the connection"),
1072            ConnectionResult::Result(r) => r,
1073        }
1074    }
1075}
1076
1077impl<O> From<anyhow::Result<O>> for ConnectionResult<O> {
1078    fn from(result: anyhow::Result<O>) -> Self {
1079        ConnectionResult::Result(result)
1080    }
1081}
1082
1083#[cfg(test)]
1084mod tests {
1085    use super::*;
1086
1087    #[test]
1088    fn test_extend_sorted() {
1089        let mut vec = vec![];
1090
1091        extend_sorted(&mut vec, vec![21, 17, 13, 8, 1, 0], 5, |a, b| b.cmp(a));
1092        assert_eq!(vec, &[21, 17, 13, 8, 1]);
1093
1094        extend_sorted(&mut vec, vec![101, 19, 17, 8, 2], 8, |a, b| b.cmp(a));
1095        assert_eq!(vec, &[101, 21, 19, 17, 13, 8, 2, 1]);
1096
1097        extend_sorted(&mut vec, vec![1000, 19, 17, 9, 5], 8, |a, b| b.cmp(a));
1098        assert_eq!(vec, &[1000, 101, 21, 19, 17, 13, 9, 8]);
1099    }
1100
1101    #[test]
1102    fn test_truncate_to_bottom_n_sorted_by() {
1103        let mut vec: Vec<u32> = vec![5, 2, 3, 4, 1];
1104        truncate_to_bottom_n_sorted_by(&mut vec, 10, &u32::cmp);
1105        assert_eq!(vec, &[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);
1106
1107        vec = vec![5, 2, 3, 4, 1];
1108        truncate_to_bottom_n_sorted_by(&mut vec, 5, &u32::cmp);
1109        assert_eq!(vec, &[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);
1110
1111        vec = vec![5, 2, 3, 4, 1];
1112        truncate_to_bottom_n_sorted_by(&mut vec, 4, &u32::cmp);
1113        assert_eq!(vec, &[1, 2, 3, 4]);
1114
1115        vec = vec![5, 2, 3, 4, 1];
1116        truncate_to_bottom_n_sorted_by(&mut vec, 1, &u32::cmp);
1117        assert_eq!(vec, &[1]);
1118
1119        vec = vec![5, 2, 3, 4, 1];
1120        truncate_to_bottom_n_sorted_by(&mut vec, 0, &u32::cmp);
1121        assert!(vec.is_empty());
1122    }
1123
1124    #[test]
1125    fn test_iife() {
1126        fn option_returning_function() -> Option<()> {
1127            None
1128        }
1129
1130        let foo = maybe!({
1131            option_returning_function()?;
1132            Some(())
1133        });
1134
1135        assert_eq!(foo, None);
1136    }
1137
1138    #[test]
1139    fn test_truncate_and_trailoff() {
1140        assert_eq!(truncate_and_trailoff("", 5), "");
1141        assert_eq!(truncate_and_trailoff("aaaaaa", 7), "aaaaaa");
1142        assert_eq!(truncate_and_trailoff("aaaaaa", 6), "aaaaaa");
1143        assert_eq!(truncate_and_trailoff("aaaaaa", 5), "aaaaa…");
1144        assert_eq!(truncate_and_trailoff("èèèèèè", 7), "èèèèèè");
1145        assert_eq!(truncate_and_trailoff("èèèèèè", 6), "èèèèèè");
1146        assert_eq!(truncate_and_trailoff("èèèèèè", 5), "èèèèè…");
1147    }
1148
1149    #[test]
1150    fn test_truncate_and_remove_front() {
1151        assert_eq!(truncate_and_remove_front("", 5), "");
1152        assert_eq!(truncate_and_remove_front("aaaaaa", 7), "aaaaaa");
1153        assert_eq!(truncate_and_remove_front("aaaaaa", 6), "aaaaaa");
1154        assert_eq!(truncate_and_remove_front("aaaaaa", 5), "…aaaaa");
1155        assert_eq!(truncate_and_remove_front("èèèèèè", 7), "èèèèèè");
1156        assert_eq!(truncate_and_remove_front("èèèèèè", 6), "èèèèèè");
1157        assert_eq!(truncate_and_remove_front("èèèèèè", 5), "…èèèèè");
1158    }
1159
1160    #[test]
1161    fn test_numeric_prefix_str_method() {
1162        let target = "1a";
1163        assert_eq!(
1164            NumericPrefixWithSuffix::from_numeric_prefixed_str(target),
1165            NumericPrefixWithSuffix(Some(1), "a")
1166        );
1167
1168        let target = "12ab";
1169        assert_eq!(
1170            NumericPrefixWithSuffix::from_numeric_prefixed_str(target),
1171            NumericPrefixWithSuffix(Some(12), "ab")
1172        );
1173
1174        let target = "12_ab";
1175        assert_eq!(
1176            NumericPrefixWithSuffix::from_numeric_prefixed_str(target),
1177            NumericPrefixWithSuffix(Some(12), "_ab")
1178        );
1179
1180        let target = "1_2ab";
1181        assert_eq!(
1182            NumericPrefixWithSuffix::from_numeric_prefixed_str(target),
1183            NumericPrefixWithSuffix(Some(1), "_2ab")
1184        );
1185
1186        let target = "1.2";
1187        assert_eq!(
1188            NumericPrefixWithSuffix::from_numeric_prefixed_str(target),
1189            NumericPrefixWithSuffix(Some(1), ".2")
1190        );
1191
1192        let target = "1.2_a";
1193        assert_eq!(
1194            NumericPrefixWithSuffix::from_numeric_prefixed_str(target),
1195            NumericPrefixWithSuffix(Some(1), ".2_a")
1196        );
1197
1198        let target = "12.2_a";
1199        assert_eq!(
1200            NumericPrefixWithSuffix::from_numeric_prefixed_str(target),
1201            NumericPrefixWithSuffix(Some(12), ".2_a")
1202        );
1203
1204        let target = "12a.2_a";
1205        assert_eq!(
1206            NumericPrefixWithSuffix::from_numeric_prefixed_str(target),
1207            NumericPrefixWithSuffix(Some(12), "a.2_a")
1208        );
1209    }
1210
1211    #[test]
1212    fn test_numeric_prefix_with_suffix() {
1213        let mut sorted = vec!["1-abc", "10", "11def", "2", "21-abc"];
1214        sorted.sort_by_key(|s| NumericPrefixWithSuffix::from_numeric_prefixed_str(s));
1215        assert_eq!(sorted, ["1-abc", "2", "10", "11def", "21-abc"]);
1216
1217        for numeric_prefix_less in ["numeric_prefix_less", "aaa", "~β„’Β£"] {
1218            assert_eq!(
1219                NumericPrefixWithSuffix::from_numeric_prefixed_str(numeric_prefix_less),
1220                NumericPrefixWithSuffix(None, numeric_prefix_less),
1221                "String without numeric prefix `{numeric_prefix_less}` should not be converted into NumericPrefixWithSuffix"
1222            )
1223        }
1224    }
1225
1226    #[test]
1227    fn test_word_consists_of_emojis() {
1228        let words_to_test = vec![
1229            ("πŸ‘¨β€πŸ‘©β€πŸ‘§β€πŸ‘§πŸ‘‹πŸ₯’", true),
1230            ("πŸ‘‹", true),
1231            ("!πŸ‘‹", false),
1232            ("πŸ‘‹!", false),
1233            ("πŸ‘‹ ", false),
1234            (" πŸ‘‹", false),
1235            ("Test", false),
1236        ];
1237
1238        for (text, expected_result) in words_to_test {
1239            assert_eq!(word_consists_of_emojis(text), expected_result);
1240        }
1241    }
1242
1243    #[test]
1244    fn test_truncate_lines_and_trailoff() {
1245        let text = r#"Line 1
1246Line 2
1247Line 3"#;
1248
1249        assert_eq!(
1250            truncate_lines_and_trailoff(text, 2),
1251            r#"Line 1
1252…"#
1253        );
1254
1255        assert_eq!(
1256            truncate_lines_and_trailoff(text, 3),
1257            r#"Line 1
1258Line 2
1259…"#
1260        );
1261
1262        assert_eq!(
1263            truncate_lines_and_trailoff(text, 4),
1264            r#"Line 1
1265Line 2
1266Line 3"#
1267        );
1268    }
1269
1270    #[test]
1271    fn test_expanded_and_wrapped_usize_range() {
1272        // Neither wrap
1273        assert_eq!(
1274            expanded_and_wrapped_usize_range(2..4, 1, 1, 8).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1275            (1..5).collect::<Vec<usize>>()
1276        );
1277        // Start wraps
1278        assert_eq!(
1279            expanded_and_wrapped_usize_range(2..4, 3, 1, 8).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1280            ((0..5).chain(7..8)).collect::<Vec<usize>>()
1281        );
1282        // Start wraps all the way around
1283        assert_eq!(
1284            expanded_and_wrapped_usize_range(2..4, 5, 1, 8).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1285            (0..8).collect::<Vec<usize>>()
1286        );
1287        // Start wraps all the way around and past 0
1288        assert_eq!(
1289            expanded_and_wrapped_usize_range(2..4, 10, 1, 8).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1290            (0..8).collect::<Vec<usize>>()
1291        );
1292        // End wraps
1293        assert_eq!(
1294            expanded_and_wrapped_usize_range(3..5, 1, 4, 8).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1295            (0..1).chain(2..8).collect::<Vec<usize>>()
1296        );
1297        // End wraps all the way around
1298        assert_eq!(
1299            expanded_and_wrapped_usize_range(3..5, 1, 5, 8).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1300            (0..8).collect::<Vec<usize>>()
1301        );
1302        // End wraps all the way around and past the end
1303        assert_eq!(
1304            expanded_and_wrapped_usize_range(3..5, 1, 10, 8).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1305            (0..8).collect::<Vec<usize>>()
1306        );
1307        // Both start and end wrap
1308        assert_eq!(
1309            expanded_and_wrapped_usize_range(3..5, 4, 4, 8).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1310            (0..8).collect::<Vec<usize>>()
1311        );
1312    }
1313
1314    #[test]
1315    fn test_wrapped_usize_outward_from() {
1316        // No wrapping
1317        assert_eq!(
1318            wrapped_usize_outward_from(4, 2, 2, 10).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1319            vec![4, 5, 3, 6, 2]
1320        );
1321        // Wrapping at end
1322        assert_eq!(
1323            wrapped_usize_outward_from(8, 2, 3, 10).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1324            vec![8, 9, 7, 0, 6, 1]
1325        );
1326        // Wrapping at start
1327        assert_eq!(
1328            wrapped_usize_outward_from(1, 3, 2, 10).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1329            vec![1, 2, 0, 3, 9, 8]
1330        );
1331        // All values wrap around
1332        assert_eq!(
1333            wrapped_usize_outward_from(5, 10, 10, 8).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1334            vec![5, 6, 4, 7, 3, 0, 2, 1]
1335        );
1336        // None before / after
1337        assert_eq!(
1338            wrapped_usize_outward_from(3, 0, 0, 8).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1339            vec![3]
1340        );
1341        // Starting point already wrapped
1342        assert_eq!(
1343            wrapped_usize_outward_from(15, 2, 2, 10).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1344            vec![5, 6, 4, 7, 3]
1345        );
1346        // wrap_length of 0
1347        assert_eq!(
1348            wrapped_usize_outward_from(4, 2, 2, 0).collect::<Vec<usize>>(),
1349            Vec::<usize>::new()
1350        );
1351    }
1352
1353    #[test]
1354    fn test_split_with_ranges() {
1355        let input = "hi";
1356        let result = split_str_with_ranges(input, |c| c == ' ');
1357
1358        assert_eq!(result.len(), 1);
1359        assert_eq!(result[0], (0..2, "hi"));
1360
1361        let input = "hΓ©lloπŸ¦€world";
1362        let result = split_str_with_ranges(input, |c| c == 'πŸ¦€');
1363
1364        assert_eq!(result.len(), 2);
1365        assert_eq!(result[0], (0..6, "hΓ©llo")); // 'Γ©' is 2 bytes
1366        assert_eq!(result[1], (10..15, "world")); // 'πŸ¦€' is 4 bytes
1367    }
1368}