window.rs

   1use crate::{
   2    hash, point, prelude::*, px, size, transparent_black, Action, AnyDrag, AnyElement, AnyTooltip,
   3    AnyView, AppContext, Arena, Asset, AsyncWindowContext, AvailableSpace, Bounds, BoxShadow,
   4    Context, Corners, CursorStyle, DevicePixels, DispatchActionListener, DispatchNodeId,
   5    DispatchTree, DisplayId, Edges, Effect, Entity, EntityId, EventEmitter, FileDropEvent, Flatten,
   6    FontId, Global, GlobalElementId, GlyphId, Hsla, ImageData, InputHandler, IsZero, KeyBinding,
   7    KeyContext, KeyDownEvent, KeyEvent, KeyMatch, KeymatchResult, Keystroke, KeystrokeEvent,
   8    LayoutId, LineLayoutIndex, Model, ModelContext, Modifiers, ModifiersChangedEvent,
   9    MonochromeSprite, MouseButton, MouseEvent, MouseMoveEvent, MouseUpEvent, Path, Pixels,
  10    PlatformAtlas, PlatformDisplay, PlatformInput, PlatformInputHandler, PlatformWindow, Point,
  11    PolychromeSprite, PromptLevel, Quad, Render, RenderGlyphParams, RenderImageParams,
  12    RenderSvgParams, ScaledPixels, Scene, Shadow, SharedString, Size, StrikethroughStyle, Style,
  13    SubscriberSet, Subscription, TaffyLayoutEngine, Task, TextStyle, TextStyleRefinement,
  14    TransformationMatrix, Underline, UnderlineStyle, View, VisualContext, WeakView,
  15    WindowAppearance, WindowBackgroundAppearance, WindowBounds, WindowOptions, WindowParams,
  16    WindowTextSystem, SUBPIXEL_VARIANTS,
  17};
  18use anyhow::{anyhow, Context as _, Result};
  19use collections::{FxHashMap, FxHashSet};
  20use derive_more::{Deref, DerefMut};
  21use futures::channel::oneshot;
  22use futures::{future::Shared, FutureExt};
  23#[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
  24use media::core_video::CVImageBuffer;
  25use parking_lot::RwLock;
  26use refineable::Refineable;
  27use slotmap::SlotMap;
  28use smallvec::SmallVec;
  29use std::{
  30    any::{Any, TypeId},
  31    borrow::{Borrow, BorrowMut, Cow},
  32    cell::{Cell, RefCell},
  33    cmp,
  34    fmt::{Debug, Display},
  35    future::Future,
  36    hash::{Hash, Hasher},
  37    marker::PhantomData,
  38    mem,
  39    ops::Range,
  40    rc::Rc,
  41    sync::{
  42        atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering::SeqCst},
  43        Arc, Weak,
  44    },
  45    time::{Duration, Instant},
  46};
  47use util::post_inc;
  48use util::{measure, ResultExt};
  49use uuid::Uuid;
  50
  51mod prompts;
  52
  53pub use prompts::*;
  54
  55pub(crate) const DEFAULT_WINDOW_SIZE: Size<Pixels> = size(px(1024.), px(700.));
  56
  57/// Represents the two different phases when dispatching events.
  58#[derive(Default, Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
  59pub enum DispatchPhase {
  60    /// After the capture phase comes the bubble phase, in which mouse event listeners are
  61    /// invoked front to back and keyboard event listeners are invoked from the focused element
  62    /// to the root of the element tree. This is the phase you'll most commonly want to use when
  63    /// registering event listeners.
  64    #[default]
  65    Bubble,
  66    /// During the initial capture phase, mouse event listeners are invoked back to front, and keyboard
  67    /// listeners are invoked from the root of the tree downward toward the focused element. This phase
  68    /// is used for special purposes such as clearing the "pressed" state for click events. If
  69    /// you stop event propagation during this phase, you need to know what you're doing. Handlers
  70    /// outside of the immediate region may rely on detecting non-local events during this phase.
  71    Capture,
  72}
  73
  74impl DispatchPhase {
  75    /// Returns true if this represents the "bubble" phase.
  76    pub fn bubble(self) -> bool {
  77        self == DispatchPhase::Bubble
  78    }
  79
  80    /// Returns true if this represents the "capture" phase.
  81    pub fn capture(self) -> bool {
  82        self == DispatchPhase::Capture
  83    }
  84}
  85
  86type AnyObserver = Box<dyn FnMut(&mut WindowContext) -> bool + 'static>;
  87
  88type AnyWindowFocusListener =
  89    Box<dyn FnMut(&WindowFocusEvent, &mut WindowContext) -> bool + 'static>;
  90
  91struct WindowFocusEvent {
  92    previous_focus_path: SmallVec<[FocusId; 8]>,
  93    current_focus_path: SmallVec<[FocusId; 8]>,
  94}
  95
  96/// This is provided when subscribing for `ViewContext::on_focus_out` events.
  97pub struct FocusOutEvent {
  98    /// A weak focus handle representing what was blurred.
  99    pub blurred: WeakFocusHandle,
 100}
 101
 102slotmap::new_key_type! {
 103    /// A globally unique identifier for a focusable element.
 104    pub struct FocusId;
 105}
 106
 107thread_local! {
 108    /// 8MB wasn't quite enough...
 109    pub(crate) static ELEMENT_ARENA: RefCell<Arena> = RefCell::new(Arena::new(32 * 1024 * 1024));
 110}
 111
 112impl FocusId {
 113    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle is currently focused.
 114    pub fn is_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 115        cx.window.focus == Some(*self)
 116    }
 117
 118    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle contains the focused
 119    /// element or is itself focused.
 120    pub fn contains_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 121        cx.focused()
 122            .map_or(false, |focused| self.contains(focused.id, cx))
 123    }
 124
 125    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle is contained within the
 126    /// focused element or is itself focused.
 127    pub fn within_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 128        let focused = cx.focused();
 129        focused.map_or(false, |focused| focused.id.contains(*self, cx))
 130    }
 131
 132    /// Obtains whether this handle contains the given handle in the most recently rendered frame.
 133    pub(crate) fn contains(&self, other: Self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 134        cx.window
 135            .rendered_frame
 136            .dispatch_tree
 137            .focus_contains(*self, other)
 138    }
 139}
 140
 141/// A handle which can be used to track and manipulate the focused element in a window.
 142pub struct FocusHandle {
 143    pub(crate) id: FocusId,
 144    handles: Arc<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>,
 145}
 146
 147impl std::fmt::Debug for FocusHandle {
 148    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
 149        f.write_fmt(format_args!("FocusHandle({:?})", self.id))
 150    }
 151}
 152
 153impl FocusHandle {
 154    pub(crate) fn new(handles: &Arc<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>) -> Self {
 155        let id = handles.write().insert(AtomicUsize::new(1));
 156        Self {
 157            id,
 158            handles: handles.clone(),
 159        }
 160    }
 161
 162    pub(crate) fn for_id(
 163        id: FocusId,
 164        handles: &Arc<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>,
 165    ) -> Option<Self> {
 166        let lock = handles.read();
 167        let ref_count = lock.get(id)?;
 168        if ref_count.load(SeqCst) == 0 {
 169            None
 170        } else {
 171            ref_count.fetch_add(1, SeqCst);
 172            Some(Self {
 173                id,
 174                handles: handles.clone(),
 175            })
 176        }
 177    }
 178
 179    /// Converts this focus handle into a weak variant, which does not prevent it from being released.
 180    pub fn downgrade(&self) -> WeakFocusHandle {
 181        WeakFocusHandle {
 182            id: self.id,
 183            handles: Arc::downgrade(&self.handles),
 184        }
 185    }
 186
 187    /// Moves the focus to the element associated with this handle.
 188    pub fn focus(&self, cx: &mut WindowContext) {
 189        cx.focus(self)
 190    }
 191
 192    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle is currently focused.
 193    pub fn is_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 194        self.id.is_focused(cx)
 195    }
 196
 197    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle contains the focused
 198    /// element or is itself focused.
 199    pub fn contains_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 200        self.id.contains_focused(cx)
 201    }
 202
 203    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle is contained within the
 204    /// focused element or is itself focused.
 205    pub fn within_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 206        self.id.within_focused(cx)
 207    }
 208
 209    /// Obtains whether this handle contains the given handle in the most recently rendered frame.
 210    pub fn contains(&self, other: &Self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 211        self.id.contains(other.id, cx)
 212    }
 213
 214    /// Dispatch an action on the element that rendered this focus handle
 215    pub fn dispatch_action(&self, action: &dyn Action, cx: &mut WindowContext) {
 216        if let Some(node_id) = cx
 217            .window
 218            .rendered_frame
 219            .dispatch_tree
 220            .focusable_node_id(self.id)
 221        {
 222            cx.dispatch_action_on_node(node_id, action)
 223        }
 224    }
 225}
 226
 227impl Clone for FocusHandle {
 228    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
 229        Self::for_id(self.id, &self.handles).unwrap()
 230    }
 231}
 232
 233impl PartialEq for FocusHandle {
 234    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
 235        self.id == other.id
 236    }
 237}
 238
 239impl Eq for FocusHandle {}
 240
 241impl Drop for FocusHandle {
 242    fn drop(&mut self) {
 243        self.handles
 244            .read()
 245            .get(self.id)
 246            .unwrap()
 247            .fetch_sub(1, SeqCst);
 248    }
 249}
 250
 251/// A weak reference to a focus handle.
 252#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 253pub struct WeakFocusHandle {
 254    pub(crate) id: FocusId,
 255    handles: Weak<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>,
 256}
 257
 258impl WeakFocusHandle {
 259    /// Attempts to upgrade the [WeakFocusHandle] to a [FocusHandle].
 260    pub fn upgrade(&self) -> Option<FocusHandle> {
 261        let handles = self.handles.upgrade()?;
 262        FocusHandle::for_id(self.id, &handles)
 263    }
 264}
 265
 266impl PartialEq for WeakFocusHandle {
 267    fn eq(&self, other: &WeakFocusHandle) -> bool {
 268        self.id == other.id
 269    }
 270}
 271
 272impl Eq for WeakFocusHandle {}
 273
 274impl PartialEq<FocusHandle> for WeakFocusHandle {
 275    fn eq(&self, other: &FocusHandle) -> bool {
 276        self.id == other.id
 277    }
 278}
 279
 280impl PartialEq<WeakFocusHandle> for FocusHandle {
 281    fn eq(&self, other: &WeakFocusHandle) -> bool {
 282        self.id == other.id
 283    }
 284}
 285
 286/// FocusableView allows users of your view to easily
 287/// focus it (using cx.focus_view(view))
 288pub trait FocusableView: 'static + Render {
 289    /// Returns the focus handle associated with this view.
 290    fn focus_handle(&self, cx: &AppContext) -> FocusHandle;
 291}
 292
 293/// ManagedView is a view (like a Modal, Popover, Menu, etc.)
 294/// where the lifecycle of the view is handled by another view.
 295pub trait ManagedView: FocusableView + EventEmitter<DismissEvent> {}
 296
 297impl<M: FocusableView + EventEmitter<DismissEvent>> ManagedView for M {}
 298
 299/// Emitted by implementers of [`ManagedView`] to indicate the view should be dismissed, such as when a view is presented as a modal.
 300pub struct DismissEvent;
 301
 302type FrameCallback = Box<dyn FnOnce(&mut WindowContext)>;
 303
 304pub(crate) type AnyMouseListener =
 305    Box<dyn FnMut(&dyn Any, DispatchPhase, &mut WindowContext) + 'static>;
 306
 307#[derive(Clone)]
 308pub(crate) struct CursorStyleRequest {
 309    pub(crate) hitbox_id: HitboxId,
 310    pub(crate) style: CursorStyle,
 311}
 312
 313/// An identifier for a [Hitbox].
 314#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Default, Eq, PartialEq)]
 315pub struct HitboxId(usize);
 316
 317impl HitboxId {
 318    /// Checks if the hitbox with this id is currently hovered.
 319    pub fn is_hovered(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 320        cx.window.mouse_hit_test.0.contains(self)
 321    }
 322}
 323
 324/// A rectangular region that potentially blocks hitboxes inserted prior.
 325/// See [WindowContext::insert_hitbox] for more details.
 326#[derive(Clone, Debug, Deref)]
 327pub struct Hitbox {
 328    /// A unique identifier for the hitbox.
 329    pub id: HitboxId,
 330    /// The bounds of the hitbox.
 331    #[deref]
 332    pub bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
 333    /// The content mask when the hitbox was inserted.
 334    pub content_mask: ContentMask<Pixels>,
 335    /// Whether the hitbox occludes other hitboxes inserted prior.
 336    pub opaque: bool,
 337}
 338
 339impl Hitbox {
 340    /// Checks if the hitbox is currently hovered.
 341    pub fn is_hovered(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 342        self.id.is_hovered(cx)
 343    }
 344}
 345
 346#[derive(Default, Eq, PartialEq)]
 347pub(crate) struct HitTest(SmallVec<[HitboxId; 8]>);
 348
 349/// An identifier for a tooltip.
 350#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Default, Eq, PartialEq)]
 351pub struct TooltipId(usize);
 352
 353impl TooltipId {
 354    /// Checks if the tooltip is currently hovered.
 355    pub fn is_hovered(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 356        cx.window
 357            .tooltip_bounds
 358            .as_ref()
 359            .map_or(false, |tooltip_bounds| {
 360                tooltip_bounds.id == *self && tooltip_bounds.bounds.contains(&cx.mouse_position())
 361            })
 362    }
 363}
 364
 365pub(crate) struct TooltipBounds {
 366    id: TooltipId,
 367    bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
 368}
 369
 370#[derive(Clone)]
 371pub(crate) struct TooltipRequest {
 372    id: TooltipId,
 373    tooltip: AnyTooltip,
 374}
 375
 376pub(crate) struct DeferredDraw {
 377    priority: usize,
 378    parent_node: DispatchNodeId,
 379    element_id_stack: SmallVec<[ElementId; 32]>,
 380    text_style_stack: Vec<TextStyleRefinement>,
 381    element: Option<AnyElement>,
 382    absolute_offset: Point<Pixels>,
 383    prepaint_range: Range<PrepaintStateIndex>,
 384    paint_range: Range<PaintIndex>,
 385}
 386
 387pub(crate) struct Frame {
 388    pub(crate) focus: Option<FocusId>,
 389    pub(crate) window_active: bool,
 390    pub(crate) element_states: FxHashMap<(GlobalElementId, TypeId), ElementStateBox>,
 391    accessed_element_states: Vec<(GlobalElementId, TypeId)>,
 392    pub(crate) mouse_listeners: Vec<Option<AnyMouseListener>>,
 393    pub(crate) dispatch_tree: DispatchTree,
 394    pub(crate) scene: Scene,
 395    pub(crate) hitboxes: Vec<Hitbox>,
 396    pub(crate) deferred_draws: Vec<DeferredDraw>,
 397    pub(crate) input_handlers: Vec<Option<PlatformInputHandler>>,
 398    pub(crate) tooltip_requests: Vec<Option<TooltipRequest>>,
 399    pub(crate) cursor_styles: Vec<CursorStyleRequest>,
 400    #[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-support"))]
 401    pub(crate) debug_bounds: FxHashMap<String, Bounds<Pixels>>,
 402}
 403
 404#[derive(Clone, Default)]
 405pub(crate) struct PrepaintStateIndex {
 406    hitboxes_index: usize,
 407    tooltips_index: usize,
 408    deferred_draws_index: usize,
 409    dispatch_tree_index: usize,
 410    accessed_element_states_index: usize,
 411    line_layout_index: LineLayoutIndex,
 412}
 413
 414#[derive(Clone, Default)]
 415pub(crate) struct PaintIndex {
 416    scene_index: usize,
 417    mouse_listeners_index: usize,
 418    input_handlers_index: usize,
 419    cursor_styles_index: usize,
 420    accessed_element_states_index: usize,
 421    line_layout_index: LineLayoutIndex,
 422}
 423
 424impl Frame {
 425    pub(crate) fn new(dispatch_tree: DispatchTree) -> Self {
 426        Frame {
 427            focus: None,
 428            window_active: false,
 429            element_states: FxHashMap::default(),
 430            accessed_element_states: Vec::new(),
 431            mouse_listeners: Vec::new(),
 432            dispatch_tree,
 433            scene: Scene::default(),
 434            hitboxes: Vec::new(),
 435            deferred_draws: Vec::new(),
 436            input_handlers: Vec::new(),
 437            tooltip_requests: Vec::new(),
 438            cursor_styles: Vec::new(),
 439
 440            #[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-support"))]
 441            debug_bounds: FxHashMap::default(),
 442        }
 443    }
 444
 445    pub(crate) fn clear(&mut self) {
 446        self.element_states.clear();
 447        self.accessed_element_states.clear();
 448        self.mouse_listeners.clear();
 449        self.dispatch_tree.clear();
 450        self.scene.clear();
 451        self.input_handlers.clear();
 452        self.tooltip_requests.clear();
 453        self.cursor_styles.clear();
 454        self.hitboxes.clear();
 455        self.deferred_draws.clear();
 456    }
 457
 458    pub(crate) fn hit_test(&self, position: Point<Pixels>) -> HitTest {
 459        let mut hit_test = HitTest::default();
 460        for hitbox in self.hitboxes.iter().rev() {
 461            let bounds = hitbox.bounds.intersect(&hitbox.content_mask.bounds);
 462            if bounds.contains(&position) {
 463                hit_test.0.push(hitbox.id);
 464                if hitbox.opaque {
 465                    break;
 466                }
 467            }
 468        }
 469        hit_test
 470    }
 471
 472    pub(crate) fn focus_path(&self) -> SmallVec<[FocusId; 8]> {
 473        self.focus
 474            .map(|focus_id| self.dispatch_tree.focus_path(focus_id))
 475            .unwrap_or_default()
 476    }
 477
 478    pub(crate) fn finish(&mut self, prev_frame: &mut Self) {
 479        for element_state_key in &self.accessed_element_states {
 480            if let Some((element_state_key, element_state)) =
 481                prev_frame.element_states.remove_entry(element_state_key)
 482            {
 483                self.element_states.insert(element_state_key, element_state);
 484            }
 485        }
 486
 487        self.scene.finish();
 488    }
 489}
 490
 491// Holds the state for a specific window.
 492#[doc(hidden)]
 493pub struct Window {
 494    pub(crate) handle: AnyWindowHandle,
 495    pub(crate) removed: bool,
 496    pub(crate) platform_window: Box<dyn PlatformWindow>,
 497    display_id: Option<DisplayId>,
 498    sprite_atlas: Arc<dyn PlatformAtlas>,
 499    text_system: Arc<WindowTextSystem>,
 500    rem_size: Pixels,
 501    /// The stack of override values for the window's rem size.
 502    ///
 503    /// This is used by `with_rem_size` to allow rendering an element tree with
 504    /// a given rem size.
 505    rem_size_override_stack: SmallVec<[Pixels; 8]>,
 506    pub(crate) viewport_size: Size<Pixels>,
 507    layout_engine: Option<TaffyLayoutEngine>,
 508    pub(crate) root_view: Option<AnyView>,
 509    pub(crate) element_id_stack: SmallVec<[ElementId; 32]>,
 510    pub(crate) text_style_stack: Vec<TextStyleRefinement>,
 511    pub(crate) element_offset_stack: Vec<Point<Pixels>>,
 512    pub(crate) content_mask_stack: Vec<ContentMask<Pixels>>,
 513    pub(crate) requested_autoscroll: Option<Bounds<Pixels>>,
 514    pub(crate) rendered_frame: Frame,
 515    pub(crate) next_frame: Frame,
 516    pub(crate) next_hitbox_id: HitboxId,
 517    pub(crate) next_tooltip_id: TooltipId,
 518    pub(crate) tooltip_bounds: Option<TooltipBounds>,
 519    next_frame_callbacks: Rc<RefCell<Vec<FrameCallback>>>,
 520    pub(crate) dirty_views: FxHashSet<EntityId>,
 521    pub(crate) focus_handles: Arc<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>,
 522    focus_listeners: SubscriberSet<(), AnyWindowFocusListener>,
 523    focus_lost_listeners: SubscriberSet<(), AnyObserver>,
 524    default_prevented: bool,
 525    mouse_position: Point<Pixels>,
 526    mouse_hit_test: HitTest,
 527    modifiers: Modifiers,
 528    scale_factor: f32,
 529    bounds_observers: SubscriberSet<(), AnyObserver>,
 530    appearance: WindowAppearance,
 531    appearance_observers: SubscriberSet<(), AnyObserver>,
 532    active: Rc<Cell<bool>>,
 533    pub(crate) dirty: Rc<Cell<bool>>,
 534    pub(crate) needs_present: Rc<Cell<bool>>,
 535    pub(crate) last_input_timestamp: Rc<Cell<Instant>>,
 536    pub(crate) refreshing: bool,
 537    pub(crate) draw_phase: DrawPhase,
 538    activation_observers: SubscriberSet<(), AnyObserver>,
 539    pub(crate) focus: Option<FocusId>,
 540    focus_enabled: bool,
 541    pending_input: Option<PendingInput>,
 542    prompt: Option<RenderablePromptHandle>,
 543}
 544
 545#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
 546pub(crate) enum DrawPhase {
 547    None,
 548    Prepaint,
 549    Paint,
 550    Focus,
 551}
 552
 553#[derive(Default, Debug)]
 554struct PendingInput {
 555    keystrokes: SmallVec<[Keystroke; 1]>,
 556    bindings: SmallVec<[KeyBinding; 1]>,
 557    focus: Option<FocusId>,
 558    timer: Option<Task<()>>,
 559}
 560
 561impl PendingInput {
 562    fn input(&self) -> String {
 563        self.keystrokes
 564            .iter()
 565            .flat_map(|k| k.ime_key.clone())
 566            .collect::<Vec<String>>()
 567            .join("")
 568    }
 569
 570    fn used_by_binding(&self, binding: &KeyBinding) -> bool {
 571        if self.keystrokes.is_empty() {
 572            return true;
 573        }
 574        let keystroke = &self.keystrokes[0];
 575        for candidate in keystroke.match_candidates() {
 576            if binding.match_keystrokes(&[candidate]) == KeyMatch::Pending {
 577                return true;
 578            }
 579        }
 580        false
 581    }
 582}
 583
 584pub(crate) struct ElementStateBox {
 585    pub(crate) inner: Box<dyn Any>,
 586    #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
 587    pub(crate) type_name: &'static str,
 588}
 589
 590fn default_bounds(display_id: Option<DisplayId>, cx: &mut AppContext) -> Bounds<Pixels> {
 591    const DEFAULT_WINDOW_OFFSET: Point<Pixels> = point(px(0.), px(35.));
 592
 593    cx.active_window()
 594        .and_then(|w| w.update(cx, |_, cx| cx.bounds()).ok())
 595        .map(|bounds| bounds.map_origin(|origin| origin + DEFAULT_WINDOW_OFFSET))
 596        .unwrap_or_else(|| {
 597            let display = display_id
 598                .map(|id| cx.find_display(id))
 599                .unwrap_or_else(|| cx.primary_display());
 600
 601            display
 602                .map(|display| display.default_bounds())
 603                .unwrap_or_else(|| Bounds::new(point(px(0.), px(0.)), DEFAULT_WINDOW_SIZE))
 604        })
 605}
 606
 607impl Window {
 608    pub(crate) fn new(
 609        handle: AnyWindowHandle,
 610        options: WindowOptions,
 611        cx: &mut AppContext,
 612    ) -> Result<Self> {
 613        let WindowOptions {
 614            window_bounds,
 615            titlebar,
 616            focus,
 617            show,
 618            kind,
 619            is_movable,
 620            display_id,
 621            window_background,
 622            app_id,
 623        } = options;
 624
 625        let bounds = window_bounds
 626            .map(|bounds| bounds.get_bounds())
 627            .unwrap_or_else(|| default_bounds(display_id, cx));
 628        let mut platform_window = cx.platform.open_window(
 629            handle,
 630            WindowParams {
 631                bounds,
 632                titlebar,
 633                kind,
 634                is_movable,
 635                focus,
 636                show,
 637                display_id,
 638                window_background,
 639            },
 640        )?;
 641        let display_id = platform_window.display().map(|display| display.id());
 642        let sprite_atlas = platform_window.sprite_atlas();
 643        let mouse_position = platform_window.mouse_position();
 644        let modifiers = platform_window.modifiers();
 645        let content_size = platform_window.content_size();
 646        let scale_factor = platform_window.scale_factor();
 647        let appearance = platform_window.appearance();
 648        let text_system = Arc::new(WindowTextSystem::new(cx.text_system().clone()));
 649        let dirty = Rc::new(Cell::new(true));
 650        let active = Rc::new(Cell::new(platform_window.is_active()));
 651        let needs_present = Rc::new(Cell::new(false));
 652        let next_frame_callbacks: Rc<RefCell<Vec<FrameCallback>>> = Default::default();
 653        let last_input_timestamp = Rc::new(Cell::new(Instant::now()));
 654
 655        if let Some(ref window_open_state) = window_bounds {
 656            match window_open_state {
 657                WindowBounds::Fullscreen(_) => platform_window.toggle_fullscreen(),
 658                WindowBounds::Maximized(_) => platform_window.zoom(),
 659                WindowBounds::Windowed(_) => {}
 660            }
 661        }
 662
 663        platform_window.on_close(Box::new({
 664            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 665            move || {
 666                let _ = handle.update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.remove_window());
 667            }
 668        }));
 669        platform_window.on_request_frame(Box::new({
 670            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 671            let dirty = dirty.clone();
 672            let active = active.clone();
 673            let needs_present = needs_present.clone();
 674            let next_frame_callbacks = next_frame_callbacks.clone();
 675            let last_input_timestamp = last_input_timestamp.clone();
 676            move || {
 677                let next_frame_callbacks = next_frame_callbacks.take();
 678                if !next_frame_callbacks.is_empty() {
 679                    handle
 680                        .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| {
 681                            for callback in next_frame_callbacks {
 682                                callback(cx);
 683                            }
 684                        })
 685                        .log_err();
 686                }
 687
 688                // Keep presenting the current scene for 1 extra second since the
 689                // last input to prevent the display from underclocking the refresh rate.
 690                let needs_present = needs_present.get()
 691                    || (active.get()
 692                        && last_input_timestamp.get().elapsed() < Duration::from_secs(1));
 693
 694                if dirty.get() {
 695                    measure("frame duration", || {
 696                        handle
 697                            .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| {
 698                                cx.draw();
 699                                cx.present();
 700                            })
 701                            .log_err();
 702                    })
 703                } else if needs_present {
 704                    handle.update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.present()).log_err();
 705                }
 706
 707                handle
 708                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| {
 709                        cx.complete_frame();
 710                    })
 711                    .log_err();
 712            }
 713        }));
 714        platform_window.on_resize(Box::new({
 715            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 716            move |_, _| {
 717                handle
 718                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.bounds_changed())
 719                    .log_err();
 720            }
 721        }));
 722        platform_window.on_moved(Box::new({
 723            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 724            move || {
 725                handle
 726                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.bounds_changed())
 727                    .log_err();
 728            }
 729        }));
 730        platform_window.on_appearance_changed(Box::new({
 731            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 732            move || {
 733                handle
 734                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.appearance_changed())
 735                    .log_err();
 736            }
 737        }));
 738        platform_window.on_active_status_change(Box::new({
 739            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 740            move |active| {
 741                handle
 742                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| {
 743                        cx.window.active.set(active);
 744                        cx.window
 745                            .activation_observers
 746                            .clone()
 747                            .retain(&(), |callback| callback(cx));
 748                        cx.refresh();
 749                    })
 750                    .log_err();
 751            }
 752        }));
 753
 754        platform_window.on_input({
 755            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 756            Box::new(move |event| {
 757                handle
 758                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.dispatch_event(event))
 759                    .log_err()
 760                    .unwrap_or(DispatchEventResult::default())
 761            })
 762        });
 763
 764        if let Some(app_id) = app_id {
 765            platform_window.set_app_id(&app_id);
 766        }
 767
 768        Ok(Window {
 769            handle,
 770            removed: false,
 771            platform_window,
 772            display_id,
 773            sprite_atlas,
 774            text_system,
 775            rem_size: px(16.),
 776            rem_size_override_stack: SmallVec::new(),
 777            viewport_size: content_size,
 778            layout_engine: Some(TaffyLayoutEngine::new()),
 779            root_view: None,
 780            element_id_stack: SmallVec::default(),
 781            text_style_stack: Vec::new(),
 782            element_offset_stack: Vec::new(),
 783            content_mask_stack: Vec::new(),
 784            requested_autoscroll: None,
 785            rendered_frame: Frame::new(DispatchTree::new(cx.keymap.clone(), cx.actions.clone())),
 786            next_frame: Frame::new(DispatchTree::new(cx.keymap.clone(), cx.actions.clone())),
 787            next_frame_callbacks,
 788            next_hitbox_id: HitboxId::default(),
 789            next_tooltip_id: TooltipId::default(),
 790            tooltip_bounds: None,
 791            dirty_views: FxHashSet::default(),
 792            focus_handles: Arc::new(RwLock::new(SlotMap::with_key())),
 793            focus_listeners: SubscriberSet::new(),
 794            focus_lost_listeners: SubscriberSet::new(),
 795            default_prevented: true,
 796            mouse_position,
 797            mouse_hit_test: HitTest::default(),
 798            modifiers,
 799            scale_factor,
 800            bounds_observers: SubscriberSet::new(),
 801            appearance,
 802            appearance_observers: SubscriberSet::new(),
 803            active,
 804            dirty,
 805            needs_present,
 806            last_input_timestamp,
 807            refreshing: false,
 808            draw_phase: DrawPhase::None,
 809            activation_observers: SubscriberSet::new(),
 810            focus: None,
 811            focus_enabled: true,
 812            pending_input: None,
 813            prompt: None,
 814        })
 815    }
 816    fn new_focus_listener(
 817        &mut self,
 818        value: AnyWindowFocusListener,
 819    ) -> (Subscription, impl FnOnce()) {
 820        self.focus_listeners.insert((), value)
 821    }
 822}
 823
 824#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
 825pub(crate) struct DispatchEventResult {
 826    pub propagate: bool,
 827    pub default_prevented: bool,
 828}
 829
 830/// Indicates which region of the window is visible. Content falling outside of this mask will not be
 831/// rendered. Currently, only rectangular content masks are supported, but we give the mask its own type
 832/// to leave room to support more complex shapes in the future.
 833#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
 834#[repr(C)]
 835pub struct ContentMask<P: Clone + Default + Debug> {
 836    /// The bounds
 837    pub bounds: Bounds<P>,
 838}
 839
 840impl ContentMask<Pixels> {
 841    /// Scale the content mask's pixel units by the given scaling factor.
 842    pub fn scale(&self, factor: f32) -> ContentMask<ScaledPixels> {
 843        ContentMask {
 844            bounds: self.bounds.scale(factor),
 845        }
 846    }
 847
 848    /// Intersect the content mask with the given content mask.
 849    pub fn intersect(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
 850        let bounds = self.bounds.intersect(&other.bounds);
 851        ContentMask { bounds }
 852    }
 853}
 854
 855/// Provides access to application state in the context of a single window. Derefs
 856/// to an [`AppContext`], so you can also pass a [`WindowContext`] to any method that takes
 857/// an [`AppContext`] and call any [`AppContext`] methods.
 858pub struct WindowContext<'a> {
 859    pub(crate) app: &'a mut AppContext,
 860    pub(crate) window: &'a mut Window,
 861}
 862
 863impl<'a> WindowContext<'a> {
 864    pub(crate) fn new(app: &'a mut AppContext, window: &'a mut Window) -> Self {
 865        Self { app, window }
 866    }
 867
 868    /// Obtain a handle to the window that belongs to this context.
 869    pub fn window_handle(&self) -> AnyWindowHandle {
 870        self.window.handle
 871    }
 872
 873    /// Mark the window as dirty, scheduling it to be redrawn on the next frame.
 874    pub fn refresh(&mut self) {
 875        if self.window.draw_phase == DrawPhase::None {
 876            self.window.refreshing = true;
 877            self.window.dirty.set(true);
 878        }
 879    }
 880
 881    /// Indicate that this view has changed, which will invoke any observers and also mark the window as dirty.
 882    /// If this view or any of its ancestors are *cached*, notifying it will cause it or its ancestors to be redrawn.
 883    pub fn notify(&mut self, view_id: EntityId) {
 884        for view_id in self
 885            .window
 886            .rendered_frame
 887            .dispatch_tree
 888            .view_path(view_id)
 889            .into_iter()
 890            .rev()
 891        {
 892            if !self.window.dirty_views.insert(view_id) {
 893                break;
 894            }
 895        }
 896
 897        if self.window.draw_phase == DrawPhase::None {
 898            self.window.dirty.set(true);
 899            self.app.push_effect(Effect::Notify { emitter: view_id });
 900        }
 901    }
 902
 903    /// Close this window.
 904    pub fn remove_window(&mut self) {
 905        self.window.removed = true;
 906    }
 907
 908    /// Obtain a new [`FocusHandle`], which allows you to track and manipulate the keyboard focus
 909    /// for elements rendered within this window.
 910    pub fn focus_handle(&mut self) -> FocusHandle {
 911        FocusHandle::new(&self.window.focus_handles)
 912    }
 913
 914    /// Obtain the currently focused [`FocusHandle`]. If no elements are focused, returns `None`.
 915    pub fn focused(&self) -> Option<FocusHandle> {
 916        self.window
 917            .focus
 918            .and_then(|id| FocusHandle::for_id(id, &self.window.focus_handles))
 919    }
 920
 921    /// Move focus to the element associated with the given [`FocusHandle`].
 922    pub fn focus(&mut self, handle: &FocusHandle) {
 923        if !self.window.focus_enabled || self.window.focus == Some(handle.id) {
 924            return;
 925        }
 926
 927        self.window.focus = Some(handle.id);
 928        self.window
 929            .rendered_frame
 930            .dispatch_tree
 931            .clear_pending_keystrokes();
 932        self.refresh();
 933    }
 934
 935    /// Remove focus from all elements within this context's window.
 936    pub fn blur(&mut self) {
 937        if !self.window.focus_enabled {
 938            return;
 939        }
 940
 941        self.window.focus = None;
 942        self.refresh();
 943    }
 944
 945    /// Blur the window and don't allow anything in it to be focused again.
 946    pub fn disable_focus(&mut self) {
 947        self.blur();
 948        self.window.focus_enabled = false;
 949    }
 950
 951    /// Accessor for the text system.
 952    pub fn text_system(&self) -> &Arc<WindowTextSystem> {
 953        &self.window.text_system
 954    }
 955
 956    /// The current text style. Which is composed of all the style refinements provided to `with_text_style`.
 957    pub fn text_style(&self) -> TextStyle {
 958        let mut style = TextStyle::default();
 959        for refinement in &self.window.text_style_stack {
 960            style.refine(refinement);
 961        }
 962        style
 963    }
 964
 965    /// Check if the platform window is maximized
 966    /// On some platforms (namely Windows) this is different than the bounds being the size of the display
 967    pub fn is_maximized(&self) -> bool {
 968        self.window.platform_window.is_maximized()
 969    }
 970
 971    /// Return the `WindowBounds` to indicate that how a window should be opened
 972    /// after it has been closed
 973    pub fn window_bounds(&self) -> WindowBounds {
 974        self.window.platform_window.window_bounds()
 975    }
 976
 977    /// Dispatch the given action on the currently focused element.
 978    pub fn dispatch_action(&mut self, action: Box<dyn Action>) {
 979        let focus_handle = self.focused();
 980
 981        let window = self.window.handle;
 982        self.app.defer(move |cx| {
 983            window
 984                .update(cx, |_, cx| {
 985                    let node_id = focus_handle
 986                        .and_then(|handle| {
 987                            cx.window
 988                                .rendered_frame
 989                                .dispatch_tree
 990                                .focusable_node_id(handle.id)
 991                        })
 992                        .unwrap_or_else(|| cx.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
 993
 994                    cx.dispatch_action_on_node(node_id, action.as_ref());
 995                })
 996                .log_err();
 997        })
 998    }
 999
1000    pub(crate) fn dispatch_keystroke_observers(
1001        &mut self,
1002        event: &dyn Any,
1003        action: Option<Box<dyn Action>>,
1004    ) {
1005        let Some(key_down_event) = event.downcast_ref::<KeyDownEvent>() else {
1006            return;
1007        };
1008
1009        self.keystroke_observers
1010            .clone()
1011            .retain(&(), move |callback| {
1012                (callback)(
1013                    &KeystrokeEvent {
1014                        keystroke: key_down_event.keystroke.clone(),
1015                        action: action.as_ref().map(|action| action.boxed_clone()),
1016                    },
1017                    self,
1018                );
1019                true
1020            });
1021    }
1022
1023    pub(crate) fn clear_pending_keystrokes(&mut self) {
1024        self.window
1025            .rendered_frame
1026            .dispatch_tree
1027            .clear_pending_keystrokes();
1028        self.window
1029            .next_frame
1030            .dispatch_tree
1031            .clear_pending_keystrokes();
1032    }
1033
1034    /// Schedules the given function to be run at the end of the current effect cycle, allowing entities
1035    /// that are currently on the stack to be returned to the app.
1036    pub fn defer(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut WindowContext) + 'static) {
1037        let handle = self.window.handle;
1038        self.app.defer(move |cx| {
1039            handle.update(cx, |_, cx| f(cx)).ok();
1040        });
1041    }
1042
1043    /// Subscribe to events emitted by a model or view.
1044    /// The entity to which you're subscribing must implement the [`EventEmitter`] trait.
1045    /// The callback will be invoked a handle to the emitting entity (either a [`View`] or [`Model`]), the event, and a window context for the current window.
1046    pub fn observe<E, T>(
1047        &mut self,
1048        entity: &E,
1049        mut on_notify: impl FnMut(E, &mut WindowContext<'_>) + 'static,
1050    ) -> Subscription
1051    where
1052        E: Entity<T>,
1053    {
1054        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
1055        let entity = entity.downgrade();
1056        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
1057        self.app.new_observer(
1058            entity_id,
1059            Box::new(move |cx| {
1060                window_handle
1061                    .update(cx, |_, cx| {
1062                        if let Some(handle) = E::upgrade_from(&entity) {
1063                            on_notify(handle, cx);
1064                            true
1065                        } else {
1066                            false
1067                        }
1068                    })
1069                    .unwrap_or(false)
1070            }),
1071        )
1072    }
1073
1074    /// Subscribe to events emitted by a model or view.
1075    /// The entity to which you're subscribing must implement the [`EventEmitter`] trait.
1076    /// The callback will be invoked a handle to the emitting entity (either a [`View`] or [`Model`]), the event, and a window context for the current window.
1077    pub fn subscribe<Emitter, E, Evt>(
1078        &mut self,
1079        entity: &E,
1080        mut on_event: impl FnMut(E, &Evt, &mut WindowContext<'_>) + 'static,
1081    ) -> Subscription
1082    where
1083        Emitter: EventEmitter<Evt>,
1084        E: Entity<Emitter>,
1085        Evt: 'static,
1086    {
1087        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
1088        let entity = entity.downgrade();
1089        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
1090        self.app.new_subscription(
1091            entity_id,
1092            (
1093                TypeId::of::<Evt>(),
1094                Box::new(move |event, cx| {
1095                    window_handle
1096                        .update(cx, |_, cx| {
1097                            if let Some(handle) = E::upgrade_from(&entity) {
1098                                let event = event.downcast_ref().expect("invalid event type");
1099                                on_event(handle, event, cx);
1100                                true
1101                            } else {
1102                                false
1103                            }
1104                        })
1105                        .unwrap_or(false)
1106                }),
1107            ),
1108        )
1109    }
1110
1111    /// Creates an [`AsyncWindowContext`], which has a static lifetime and can be held across
1112    /// await points in async code.
1113    pub fn to_async(&self) -> AsyncWindowContext {
1114        AsyncWindowContext::new(self.app.to_async(), self.window.handle)
1115    }
1116
1117    /// Schedule the given closure to be run directly after the current frame is rendered.
1118    pub fn on_next_frame(&mut self, callback: impl FnOnce(&mut WindowContext) + 'static) {
1119        RefCell::borrow_mut(&self.window.next_frame_callbacks).push(Box::new(callback));
1120    }
1121
1122    /// Spawn the future returned by the given closure on the application thread pool.
1123    /// The closure is provided a handle to the current window and an `AsyncWindowContext` for
1124    /// use within your future.
1125    pub fn spawn<Fut, R>(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(AsyncWindowContext) -> Fut) -> Task<R>
1126    where
1127        R: 'static,
1128        Fut: Future<Output = R> + 'static,
1129    {
1130        self.app
1131            .spawn(|app| f(AsyncWindowContext::new(app, self.window.handle)))
1132    }
1133
1134    fn bounds_changed(&mut self) {
1135        self.window.scale_factor = self.window.platform_window.scale_factor();
1136        self.window.viewport_size = self.window.platform_window.content_size();
1137        self.window.display_id = self
1138            .window
1139            .platform_window
1140            .display()
1141            .map(|display| display.id());
1142
1143        self.refresh();
1144
1145        self.window
1146            .bounds_observers
1147            .clone()
1148            .retain(&(), |callback| callback(self));
1149    }
1150
1151    /// Returns the bounds of the current window in the global coordinate space, which could span across multiple displays.
1152    pub fn bounds(&self) -> Bounds<Pixels> {
1153        self.window.platform_window.bounds()
1154    }
1155
1156    /// Returns whether or not the window is currently fullscreen
1157    pub fn is_fullscreen(&self) -> bool {
1158        self.window.platform_window.is_fullscreen()
1159    }
1160
1161    pub(crate) fn appearance_changed(&mut self) {
1162        self.window.appearance = self.window.platform_window.appearance();
1163
1164        self.window
1165            .appearance_observers
1166            .clone()
1167            .retain(&(), |callback| callback(self));
1168    }
1169
1170    /// Returns the appearance of the current window.
1171    pub fn appearance(&self) -> WindowAppearance {
1172        self.window.appearance
1173    }
1174
1175    /// Returns the size of the drawable area within the window.
1176    pub fn viewport_size(&self) -> Size<Pixels> {
1177        self.window.viewport_size
1178    }
1179
1180    /// Returns whether this window is focused by the operating system (receiving key events).
1181    pub fn is_window_active(&self) -> bool {
1182        self.window.active.get()
1183    }
1184
1185    /// Toggle zoom on the window.
1186    pub fn zoom_window(&self) {
1187        self.window.platform_window.zoom();
1188    }
1189
1190    /// Opens the native title bar context menu, useful when implementing client side decorations (Wayland and X11)
1191    pub fn show_window_menu(&self, position: Point<Pixels>) {
1192        self.window.platform_window.show_window_menu(position)
1193    }
1194
1195    /// Tells the compositor to take control of window movement (Wayland and X11)
1196    ///
1197    /// Events may not be received during a move operation.
1198    pub fn start_system_move(&self) {
1199        self.window.platform_window.start_system_move()
1200    }
1201
1202    /// Returns whether the title bar window controls need to be rendered by the application (Wayland and X11)
1203    pub fn should_render_window_controls(&self) -> bool {
1204        self.window.platform_window.should_render_window_controls()
1205    }
1206
1207    /// Updates the window's title at the platform level.
1208    pub fn set_window_title(&mut self, title: &str) {
1209        self.window.platform_window.set_title(title);
1210    }
1211
1212    /// Sets the application identifier.
1213    pub fn set_app_id(&mut self, app_id: &str) {
1214        self.window.platform_window.set_app_id(app_id);
1215    }
1216
1217    /// Sets the window background appearance.
1218    pub fn set_background_appearance(&mut self, background_appearance: WindowBackgroundAppearance) {
1219        self.window
1220            .platform_window
1221            .set_background_appearance(background_appearance);
1222    }
1223
1224    /// Mark the window as dirty at the platform level.
1225    pub fn set_window_edited(&mut self, edited: bool) {
1226        self.window.platform_window.set_edited(edited);
1227    }
1228
1229    /// Determine the display on which the window is visible.
1230    pub fn display(&self) -> Option<Rc<dyn PlatformDisplay>> {
1231        self.platform
1232            .displays()
1233            .into_iter()
1234            .find(|display| Some(display.id()) == self.window.display_id)
1235    }
1236
1237    /// Show the platform character palette.
1238    pub fn show_character_palette(&self) {
1239        self.window.platform_window.show_character_palette();
1240    }
1241
1242    /// The scale factor of the display associated with the window. For example, it could
1243    /// return 2.0 for a "retina" display, indicating that each logical pixel should actually
1244    /// be rendered as two pixels on screen.
1245    pub fn scale_factor(&self) -> f32 {
1246        self.window.scale_factor
1247    }
1248
1249    /// The size of an em for the base font of the application. Adjusting this value allows the
1250    /// UI to scale, just like zooming a web page.
1251    pub fn rem_size(&self) -> Pixels {
1252        self.window
1253            .rem_size_override_stack
1254            .last()
1255            .copied()
1256            .unwrap_or(self.window.rem_size)
1257    }
1258
1259    /// Sets the size of an em for the base font of the application. Adjusting this value allows the
1260    /// UI to scale, just like zooming a web page.
1261    pub fn set_rem_size(&mut self, rem_size: impl Into<Pixels>) {
1262        self.window.rem_size = rem_size.into();
1263    }
1264
1265    /// Executes the provided function with the specified rem size.
1266    ///
1267    /// This method must only be called as part of element drawing.
1268    pub fn with_rem_size<F, R>(&mut self, rem_size: Option<impl Into<Pixels>>, f: F) -> R
1269    where
1270        F: FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1271    {
1272        debug_assert!(
1273            matches!(
1274                self.window.draw_phase,
1275                DrawPhase::Prepaint | DrawPhase::Paint
1276            ),
1277            "this method can only be called during request_layout, prepaint, or paint"
1278        );
1279
1280        if let Some(rem_size) = rem_size {
1281            self.window.rem_size_override_stack.push(rem_size.into());
1282            let result = f(self);
1283            self.window.rem_size_override_stack.pop();
1284            result
1285        } else {
1286            f(self)
1287        }
1288    }
1289
1290    /// The line height associated with the current text style.
1291    pub fn line_height(&self) -> Pixels {
1292        let rem_size = self.rem_size();
1293        let text_style = self.text_style();
1294        text_style
1295            .line_height
1296            .to_pixels(text_style.font_size, rem_size)
1297    }
1298
1299    /// Call to prevent the default action of an event. Currently only used to prevent
1300    /// parent elements from becoming focused on mouse down.
1301    pub fn prevent_default(&mut self) {
1302        self.window.default_prevented = true;
1303    }
1304
1305    /// Obtain whether default has been prevented for the event currently being dispatched.
1306    pub fn default_prevented(&self) -> bool {
1307        self.window.default_prevented
1308    }
1309
1310    /// Determine whether the given action is available along the dispatch path to the currently focused element.
1311    pub fn is_action_available(&self, action: &dyn Action) -> bool {
1312        let target = self
1313            .focused()
1314            .and_then(|focused_handle| {
1315                self.window
1316                    .rendered_frame
1317                    .dispatch_tree
1318                    .focusable_node_id(focused_handle.id)
1319            })
1320            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
1321        self.window
1322            .rendered_frame
1323            .dispatch_tree
1324            .is_action_available(action, target)
1325    }
1326
1327    /// The position of the mouse relative to the window.
1328    pub fn mouse_position(&self) -> Point<Pixels> {
1329        self.window.mouse_position
1330    }
1331
1332    /// The current state of the keyboard's modifiers
1333    pub fn modifiers(&self) -> Modifiers {
1334        self.window.modifiers
1335    }
1336
1337    fn complete_frame(&self) {
1338        self.window.platform_window.completed_frame();
1339    }
1340
1341    /// Produces a new frame and assigns it to `rendered_frame`. To actually show
1342    /// the contents of the new [Scene], use [present].
1343    #[profiling::function]
1344    pub fn draw(&mut self) {
1345        self.window.dirty.set(false);
1346        self.window.requested_autoscroll = None;
1347
1348        // Restore the previously-used input handler.
1349        if let Some(input_handler) = self.window.platform_window.take_input_handler() {
1350            self.window
1351                .rendered_frame
1352                .input_handlers
1353                .push(Some(input_handler));
1354        }
1355
1356        self.draw_roots();
1357        self.window.dirty_views.clear();
1358
1359        self.window
1360            .next_frame
1361            .dispatch_tree
1362            .preserve_pending_keystrokes(
1363                &mut self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree,
1364                self.window.focus,
1365            );
1366        self.window.next_frame.focus = self.window.focus;
1367        self.window.next_frame.window_active = self.window.active.get();
1368
1369        // Register requested input handler with the platform window.
1370        if let Some(input_handler) = self.window.next_frame.input_handlers.pop() {
1371            self.window
1372                .platform_window
1373                .set_input_handler(input_handler.unwrap());
1374        }
1375
1376        self.window.layout_engine.as_mut().unwrap().clear();
1377        self.text_system().finish_frame();
1378        self.window
1379            .next_frame
1380            .finish(&mut self.window.rendered_frame);
1381        ELEMENT_ARENA.with_borrow_mut(|element_arena| {
1382            let percentage = (element_arena.len() as f32 / element_arena.capacity() as f32) * 100.;
1383            if percentage >= 80. {
1384                log::warn!("elevated element arena occupation: {}.", percentage);
1385            }
1386            element_arena.clear();
1387        });
1388
1389        self.window.draw_phase = DrawPhase::Focus;
1390        let previous_focus_path = self.window.rendered_frame.focus_path();
1391        let previous_window_active = self.window.rendered_frame.window_active;
1392        mem::swap(&mut self.window.rendered_frame, &mut self.window.next_frame);
1393        self.window.next_frame.clear();
1394        let current_focus_path = self.window.rendered_frame.focus_path();
1395        let current_window_active = self.window.rendered_frame.window_active;
1396
1397        if previous_focus_path != current_focus_path
1398            || previous_window_active != current_window_active
1399        {
1400            if !previous_focus_path.is_empty() && current_focus_path.is_empty() {
1401                self.window
1402                    .focus_lost_listeners
1403                    .clone()
1404                    .retain(&(), |listener| listener(self));
1405            }
1406
1407            let event = WindowFocusEvent {
1408                previous_focus_path: if previous_window_active {
1409                    previous_focus_path
1410                } else {
1411                    Default::default()
1412                },
1413                current_focus_path: if current_window_active {
1414                    current_focus_path
1415                } else {
1416                    Default::default()
1417                },
1418            };
1419            self.window
1420                .focus_listeners
1421                .clone()
1422                .retain(&(), |listener| listener(&event, self));
1423        }
1424
1425        self.reset_cursor_style();
1426        self.window.refreshing = false;
1427        self.window.draw_phase = DrawPhase::None;
1428        self.window.needs_present.set(true);
1429    }
1430
1431    #[profiling::function]
1432    fn present(&self) {
1433        self.window
1434            .platform_window
1435            .draw(&self.window.rendered_frame.scene);
1436        self.window.needs_present.set(false);
1437        profiling::finish_frame!();
1438    }
1439
1440    fn draw_roots(&mut self) {
1441        self.window.draw_phase = DrawPhase::Prepaint;
1442        self.window.tooltip_bounds.take();
1443
1444        // Layout all root elements.
1445        let mut root_element = self.window.root_view.as_ref().unwrap().clone().into_any();
1446        root_element.prepaint_as_root(Point::default(), self.window.viewport_size.into(), self);
1447
1448        let mut sorted_deferred_draws =
1449            (0..self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws.len()).collect::<SmallVec<[_; 8]>>();
1450        sorted_deferred_draws.sort_by_key(|ix| self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws[*ix].priority);
1451        self.prepaint_deferred_draws(&sorted_deferred_draws);
1452
1453        let mut prompt_element = None;
1454        let mut active_drag_element = None;
1455        let mut tooltip_element = None;
1456        if let Some(prompt) = self.window.prompt.take() {
1457            let mut element = prompt.view.any_view().into_any();
1458            element.prepaint_as_root(Point::default(), self.window.viewport_size.into(), self);
1459            prompt_element = Some(element);
1460            self.window.prompt = Some(prompt);
1461        } else if let Some(active_drag) = self.app.active_drag.take() {
1462            let mut element = active_drag.view.clone().into_any();
1463            let offset = self.mouse_position() - active_drag.cursor_offset;
1464            element.prepaint_as_root(offset, AvailableSpace::min_size(), self);
1465            active_drag_element = Some(element);
1466            self.app.active_drag = Some(active_drag);
1467        } else {
1468            tooltip_element = self.prepaint_tooltip();
1469        }
1470
1471        self.window.mouse_hit_test = self.window.next_frame.hit_test(self.window.mouse_position);
1472
1473        // Now actually paint the elements.
1474        self.window.draw_phase = DrawPhase::Paint;
1475        root_element.paint(self);
1476
1477        self.paint_deferred_draws(&sorted_deferred_draws);
1478
1479        if let Some(mut prompt_element) = prompt_element {
1480            prompt_element.paint(self)
1481        } else if let Some(mut drag_element) = active_drag_element {
1482            drag_element.paint(self);
1483        } else if let Some(mut tooltip_element) = tooltip_element {
1484            tooltip_element.paint(self);
1485        }
1486    }
1487
1488    fn prepaint_tooltip(&mut self) -> Option<AnyElement> {
1489        let tooltip_request = self.window.next_frame.tooltip_requests.last().cloned()?;
1490        let tooltip_request = tooltip_request.unwrap();
1491        let mut element = tooltip_request.tooltip.view.clone().into_any();
1492        let mouse_position = tooltip_request.tooltip.mouse_position;
1493        let tooltip_size = element.layout_as_root(AvailableSpace::min_size(), self);
1494
1495        let mut tooltip_bounds = Bounds::new(mouse_position + point(px(1.), px(1.)), tooltip_size);
1496        let window_bounds = Bounds {
1497            origin: Point::default(),
1498            size: self.viewport_size(),
1499        };
1500
1501        if tooltip_bounds.right() > window_bounds.right() {
1502            let new_x = mouse_position.x - tooltip_bounds.size.width - px(1.);
1503            if new_x >= Pixels::ZERO {
1504                tooltip_bounds.origin.x = new_x;
1505            } else {
1506                tooltip_bounds.origin.x = cmp::max(
1507                    Pixels::ZERO,
1508                    tooltip_bounds.origin.x - tooltip_bounds.right() - window_bounds.right(),
1509                );
1510            }
1511        }
1512
1513        if tooltip_bounds.bottom() > window_bounds.bottom() {
1514            let new_y = mouse_position.y - tooltip_bounds.size.height - px(1.);
1515            if new_y >= Pixels::ZERO {
1516                tooltip_bounds.origin.y = new_y;
1517            } else {
1518                tooltip_bounds.origin.y = cmp::max(
1519                    Pixels::ZERO,
1520                    tooltip_bounds.origin.y - tooltip_bounds.bottom() - window_bounds.bottom(),
1521                );
1522            }
1523        }
1524
1525        self.with_absolute_element_offset(tooltip_bounds.origin, |cx| element.prepaint(cx));
1526
1527        self.window.tooltip_bounds = Some(TooltipBounds {
1528            id: tooltip_request.id,
1529            bounds: tooltip_bounds,
1530        });
1531        Some(element)
1532    }
1533
1534    fn prepaint_deferred_draws(&mut self, deferred_draw_indices: &[usize]) {
1535        assert_eq!(self.window.element_id_stack.len(), 0);
1536
1537        let mut deferred_draws = mem::take(&mut self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws);
1538        for deferred_draw_ix in deferred_draw_indices {
1539            let deferred_draw = &mut deferred_draws[*deferred_draw_ix];
1540            self.window
1541                .element_id_stack
1542                .clone_from(&deferred_draw.element_id_stack);
1543            self.window
1544                .text_style_stack
1545                .clone_from(&deferred_draw.text_style_stack);
1546            self.window
1547                .next_frame
1548                .dispatch_tree
1549                .set_active_node(deferred_draw.parent_node);
1550
1551            let prepaint_start = self.prepaint_index();
1552            if let Some(element) = deferred_draw.element.as_mut() {
1553                self.with_absolute_element_offset(deferred_draw.absolute_offset, |cx| {
1554                    element.prepaint(cx)
1555                });
1556            } else {
1557                self.reuse_prepaint(deferred_draw.prepaint_range.clone());
1558            }
1559            let prepaint_end = self.prepaint_index();
1560            deferred_draw.prepaint_range = prepaint_start..prepaint_end;
1561        }
1562        assert_eq!(
1563            self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws.len(),
1564            0,
1565            "cannot call defer_draw during deferred drawing"
1566        );
1567        self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws = deferred_draws;
1568        self.window.element_id_stack.clear();
1569        self.window.text_style_stack.clear();
1570    }
1571
1572    fn paint_deferred_draws(&mut self, deferred_draw_indices: &[usize]) {
1573        assert_eq!(self.window.element_id_stack.len(), 0);
1574
1575        let mut deferred_draws = mem::take(&mut self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws);
1576        for deferred_draw_ix in deferred_draw_indices {
1577            let mut deferred_draw = &mut deferred_draws[*deferred_draw_ix];
1578            self.window
1579                .element_id_stack
1580                .clone_from(&deferred_draw.element_id_stack);
1581            self.window
1582                .next_frame
1583                .dispatch_tree
1584                .set_active_node(deferred_draw.parent_node);
1585
1586            let paint_start = self.paint_index();
1587            if let Some(element) = deferred_draw.element.as_mut() {
1588                element.paint(self);
1589            } else {
1590                self.reuse_paint(deferred_draw.paint_range.clone());
1591            }
1592            let paint_end = self.paint_index();
1593            deferred_draw.paint_range = paint_start..paint_end;
1594        }
1595        self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws = deferred_draws;
1596        self.window.element_id_stack.clear();
1597    }
1598
1599    pub(crate) fn prepaint_index(&self) -> PrepaintStateIndex {
1600        PrepaintStateIndex {
1601            hitboxes_index: self.window.next_frame.hitboxes.len(),
1602            tooltips_index: self.window.next_frame.tooltip_requests.len(),
1603            deferred_draws_index: self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws.len(),
1604            dispatch_tree_index: self.window.next_frame.dispatch_tree.len(),
1605            accessed_element_states_index: self.window.next_frame.accessed_element_states.len(),
1606            line_layout_index: self.window.text_system.layout_index(),
1607        }
1608    }
1609
1610    pub(crate) fn reuse_prepaint(&mut self, range: Range<PrepaintStateIndex>) {
1611        let window = &mut self.window;
1612        window.next_frame.hitboxes.extend(
1613            window.rendered_frame.hitboxes[range.start.hitboxes_index..range.end.hitboxes_index]
1614                .iter()
1615                .cloned(),
1616        );
1617        window.next_frame.tooltip_requests.extend(
1618            window.rendered_frame.tooltip_requests
1619                [range.start.tooltips_index..range.end.tooltips_index]
1620                .iter_mut()
1621                .map(|request| request.take()),
1622        );
1623        window.next_frame.accessed_element_states.extend(
1624            window.rendered_frame.accessed_element_states[range.start.accessed_element_states_index
1625                ..range.end.accessed_element_states_index]
1626                .iter()
1627                .map(|(id, type_id)| (GlobalElementId(id.0.clone()), *type_id)),
1628        );
1629        window
1630            .text_system
1631            .reuse_layouts(range.start.line_layout_index..range.end.line_layout_index);
1632
1633        let reused_subtree = window.next_frame.dispatch_tree.reuse_subtree(
1634            range.start.dispatch_tree_index..range.end.dispatch_tree_index,
1635            &mut window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree,
1636        );
1637        window.next_frame.deferred_draws.extend(
1638            window.rendered_frame.deferred_draws
1639                [range.start.deferred_draws_index..range.end.deferred_draws_index]
1640                .iter()
1641                .map(|deferred_draw| DeferredDraw {
1642                    parent_node: reused_subtree.refresh_node_id(deferred_draw.parent_node),
1643                    element_id_stack: deferred_draw.element_id_stack.clone(),
1644                    text_style_stack: deferred_draw.text_style_stack.clone(),
1645                    priority: deferred_draw.priority,
1646                    element: None,
1647                    absolute_offset: deferred_draw.absolute_offset,
1648                    prepaint_range: deferred_draw.prepaint_range.clone(),
1649                    paint_range: deferred_draw.paint_range.clone(),
1650                }),
1651        );
1652    }
1653
1654    pub(crate) fn paint_index(&self) -> PaintIndex {
1655        PaintIndex {
1656            scene_index: self.window.next_frame.scene.len(),
1657            mouse_listeners_index: self.window.next_frame.mouse_listeners.len(),
1658            input_handlers_index: self.window.next_frame.input_handlers.len(),
1659            cursor_styles_index: self.window.next_frame.cursor_styles.len(),
1660            accessed_element_states_index: self.window.next_frame.accessed_element_states.len(),
1661            line_layout_index: self.window.text_system.layout_index(),
1662        }
1663    }
1664
1665    pub(crate) fn reuse_paint(&mut self, range: Range<PaintIndex>) {
1666        let window = &mut self.window;
1667
1668        window.next_frame.cursor_styles.extend(
1669            window.rendered_frame.cursor_styles
1670                [range.start.cursor_styles_index..range.end.cursor_styles_index]
1671                .iter()
1672                .cloned(),
1673        );
1674        window.next_frame.input_handlers.extend(
1675            window.rendered_frame.input_handlers
1676                [range.start.input_handlers_index..range.end.input_handlers_index]
1677                .iter_mut()
1678                .map(|handler| handler.take()),
1679        );
1680        window.next_frame.mouse_listeners.extend(
1681            window.rendered_frame.mouse_listeners
1682                [range.start.mouse_listeners_index..range.end.mouse_listeners_index]
1683                .iter_mut()
1684                .map(|listener| listener.take()),
1685        );
1686        window.next_frame.accessed_element_states.extend(
1687            window.rendered_frame.accessed_element_states[range.start.accessed_element_states_index
1688                ..range.end.accessed_element_states_index]
1689                .iter()
1690                .map(|(id, type_id)| (GlobalElementId(id.0.clone()), *type_id)),
1691        );
1692        window
1693            .text_system
1694            .reuse_layouts(range.start.line_layout_index..range.end.line_layout_index);
1695        window.next_frame.scene.replay(
1696            range.start.scene_index..range.end.scene_index,
1697            &window.rendered_frame.scene,
1698        );
1699    }
1700
1701    /// Push a text style onto the stack, and call a function with that style active.
1702    /// Use [`AppContext::text_style`] to get the current, combined text style. This method
1703    /// should only be called as part of element drawing.
1704    pub fn with_text_style<F, R>(&mut self, style: Option<TextStyleRefinement>, f: F) -> R
1705    where
1706        F: FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1707    {
1708        debug_assert!(
1709            matches!(
1710                self.window.draw_phase,
1711                DrawPhase::Prepaint | DrawPhase::Paint
1712            ),
1713            "this method can only be called during request_layout, prepaint, or paint"
1714        );
1715        if let Some(style) = style {
1716            self.window.text_style_stack.push(style);
1717            let result = f(self);
1718            self.window.text_style_stack.pop();
1719            result
1720        } else {
1721            f(self)
1722        }
1723    }
1724
1725    /// Updates the cursor style at the platform level. This method should only be called
1726    /// during the prepaint phase of element drawing.
1727    pub fn set_cursor_style(&mut self, style: CursorStyle, hitbox: &Hitbox) {
1728        debug_assert_eq!(
1729            self.window.draw_phase,
1730            DrawPhase::Paint,
1731            "this method can only be called during paint"
1732        );
1733        self.window
1734            .next_frame
1735            .cursor_styles
1736            .push(CursorStyleRequest {
1737                hitbox_id: hitbox.id,
1738                style,
1739            });
1740    }
1741
1742    /// Sets a tooltip to be rendered for the upcoming frame. This method should only be called
1743    /// during the paint phase of element drawing.
1744    pub fn set_tooltip(&mut self, tooltip: AnyTooltip) -> TooltipId {
1745        debug_assert_eq!(
1746            self.window.draw_phase,
1747            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
1748            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
1749        );
1750        let id = TooltipId(post_inc(&mut self.window.next_tooltip_id.0));
1751        self.window
1752            .next_frame
1753            .tooltip_requests
1754            .push(Some(TooltipRequest { id, tooltip }));
1755        id
1756    }
1757
1758    /// Invoke the given function with the given content mask after intersecting it
1759    /// with the current mask. This method should only be called during element drawing.
1760    pub fn with_content_mask<R>(
1761        &mut self,
1762        mask: Option<ContentMask<Pixels>>,
1763        f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1764    ) -> R {
1765        debug_assert!(
1766            matches!(
1767                self.window.draw_phase,
1768                DrawPhase::Prepaint | DrawPhase::Paint
1769            ),
1770            "this method can only be called during request_layout, prepaint, or paint"
1771        );
1772        if let Some(mask) = mask {
1773            let mask = mask.intersect(&self.content_mask());
1774            self.window_mut().content_mask_stack.push(mask);
1775            let result = f(self);
1776            self.window_mut().content_mask_stack.pop();
1777            result
1778        } else {
1779            f(self)
1780        }
1781    }
1782
1783    /// Updates the global element offset relative to the current offset. This is used to implement
1784    /// scrolling. This method should only be called during the prepaint phase of element drawing.
1785    pub fn with_element_offset<R>(
1786        &mut self,
1787        offset: Point<Pixels>,
1788        f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1789    ) -> R {
1790        debug_assert_eq!(
1791            self.window.draw_phase,
1792            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
1793            "this method can only be called during request_layout, or prepaint"
1794        );
1795
1796        if offset.is_zero() {
1797            return f(self);
1798        };
1799
1800        let abs_offset = self.element_offset() + offset;
1801        self.with_absolute_element_offset(abs_offset, f)
1802    }
1803
1804    /// Updates the global element offset based on the given offset. This is used to implement
1805    /// drag handles and other manual painting of elements. This method should only be called during
1806    /// the prepaint phase of element drawing.
1807    pub fn with_absolute_element_offset<R>(
1808        &mut self,
1809        offset: Point<Pixels>,
1810        f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1811    ) -> R {
1812        debug_assert_eq!(
1813            self.window.draw_phase,
1814            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
1815            "this method can only be called during request_layout, or prepaint"
1816        );
1817        self.window_mut().element_offset_stack.push(offset);
1818        let result = f(self);
1819        self.window_mut().element_offset_stack.pop();
1820        result
1821    }
1822
1823    /// Perform prepaint on child elements in a "retryable" manner, so that any side effects
1824    /// of prepaints can be discarded before prepainting again. This is used to support autoscroll
1825    /// where we need to prepaint children to detect the autoscroll bounds, then adjust the
1826    /// element offset and prepaint again. See [`List`] for an example. This method should only be
1827    /// called during the prepaint phase of element drawing.
1828    pub fn transact<T, U>(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> Result<T, U>) -> Result<T, U> {
1829        debug_assert_eq!(
1830            self.window.draw_phase,
1831            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
1832            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
1833        );
1834        let index = self.prepaint_index();
1835        let result = f(self);
1836        if result.is_err() {
1837            self.window
1838                .next_frame
1839                .hitboxes
1840                .truncate(index.hitboxes_index);
1841            self.window
1842                .next_frame
1843                .tooltip_requests
1844                .truncate(index.tooltips_index);
1845            self.window
1846                .next_frame
1847                .deferred_draws
1848                .truncate(index.deferred_draws_index);
1849            self.window
1850                .next_frame
1851                .dispatch_tree
1852                .truncate(index.dispatch_tree_index);
1853            self.window
1854                .next_frame
1855                .accessed_element_states
1856                .truncate(index.accessed_element_states_index);
1857            self.window
1858                .text_system
1859                .truncate_layouts(index.line_layout_index);
1860        }
1861        result
1862    }
1863
1864    /// When you call this method during [`prepaint`], containing elements will attempt to
1865    /// scroll to cause the specified bounds to become visible. When they decide to autoscroll, they will call
1866    /// [`prepaint`] again with a new set of bounds. See [`List`] for an example of an element
1867    /// that supports this method being called on the elements it contains. This method should only be
1868    /// called during the prepaint phase of element drawing.
1869    pub fn request_autoscroll(&mut self, bounds: Bounds<Pixels>) {
1870        debug_assert_eq!(
1871            self.window.draw_phase,
1872            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
1873            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
1874        );
1875        self.window.requested_autoscroll = Some(bounds);
1876    }
1877
1878    /// This method can be called from a containing element such as [`List`] to support the autoscroll behavior
1879    /// described in [`request_autoscroll`].
1880    pub fn take_autoscroll(&mut self) -> Option<Bounds<Pixels>> {
1881        debug_assert_eq!(
1882            self.window.draw_phase,
1883            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
1884            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
1885        );
1886        self.window.requested_autoscroll.take()
1887    }
1888
1889    /// Remove an asset from GPUI's cache
1890    pub fn remove_cached_asset<A: Asset + 'static>(
1891        &mut self,
1892        source: &A::Source,
1893    ) -> Option<A::Output> {
1894        self.asset_cache.remove::<A>(source)
1895    }
1896
1897    /// Asynchronously load an asset, if the asset hasn't finished loading this will return None.
1898    /// Your view will be re-drawn once the asset has finished loading.
1899    ///
1900    /// Note that the multiple calls to this method will only result in one `Asset::load` call.
1901    /// The results of that call will be cached, and returned on subsequent uses of this API.
1902    ///
1903    /// Use [Self::remove_cached_asset] to reload your asset.
1904    pub fn use_cached_asset<A: Asset + 'static>(
1905        &mut self,
1906        source: &A::Source,
1907    ) -> Option<A::Output> {
1908        self.asset_cache.get::<A>(source).or_else(|| {
1909            if let Some(asset) = self.use_asset::<A>(source) {
1910                self.asset_cache
1911                    .insert::<A>(source.to_owned(), asset.clone());
1912                Some(asset)
1913            } else {
1914                None
1915            }
1916        })
1917    }
1918
1919    /// Asynchronously load an asset, if the asset hasn't finished loading this will return None.
1920    /// Your view will be re-drawn once the asset has finished loading.
1921    ///
1922    /// Note that the multiple calls to this method will only result in one `Asset::load` call at a
1923    /// time.
1924    ///
1925    /// This asset will not be cached by default, see [Self::use_cached_asset]
1926    pub fn use_asset<A: Asset + 'static>(&mut self, source: &A::Source) -> Option<A::Output> {
1927        let asset_id = (TypeId::of::<A>(), hash(source));
1928        let mut is_first = false;
1929        let task = self
1930            .loading_assets
1931            .remove(&asset_id)
1932            .map(|boxed_task| *boxed_task.downcast::<Shared<Task<A::Output>>>().unwrap())
1933            .unwrap_or_else(|| {
1934                is_first = true;
1935                let future = A::load(source.clone(), self);
1936                let task = self.background_executor().spawn(future).shared();
1937                task
1938            });
1939
1940        task.clone().now_or_never().or_else(|| {
1941            if is_first {
1942                let parent_id = self.parent_view_id();
1943                self.spawn({
1944                    let task = task.clone();
1945                    |mut cx| async move {
1946                        task.await;
1947
1948                        cx.on_next_frame(move |cx| {
1949                            if let Some(parent_id) = parent_id {
1950                                cx.notify(parent_id)
1951                            } else {
1952                                cx.refresh()
1953                            }
1954                        });
1955                    }
1956                })
1957                .detach();
1958            }
1959
1960            self.loading_assets.insert(asset_id, Box::new(task));
1961
1962            None
1963        })
1964    }
1965
1966    /// Obtain the current element offset. This method should only be called during the
1967    /// prepaint phase of element drawing.
1968    pub fn element_offset(&self) -> Point<Pixels> {
1969        debug_assert_eq!(
1970            self.window.draw_phase,
1971            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
1972            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
1973        );
1974        self.window()
1975            .element_offset_stack
1976            .last()
1977            .copied()
1978            .unwrap_or_default()
1979    }
1980
1981    /// Obtain the current content mask. This method should only be called during element drawing.
1982    pub fn content_mask(&self) -> ContentMask<Pixels> {
1983        debug_assert!(
1984            matches!(
1985                self.window.draw_phase,
1986                DrawPhase::Prepaint | DrawPhase::Paint
1987            ),
1988            "this method can only be called during prepaint, or paint"
1989        );
1990        self.window()
1991            .content_mask_stack
1992            .last()
1993            .cloned()
1994            .unwrap_or_else(|| ContentMask {
1995                bounds: Bounds {
1996                    origin: Point::default(),
1997                    size: self.window().viewport_size,
1998                },
1999            })
2000    }
2001
2002    /// Provide elements in the called function with a new namespace in which their identiers must be unique.
2003    /// This can be used within a custom element to distinguish multiple sets of child elements.
2004    pub fn with_element_namespace<R>(
2005        &mut self,
2006        element_id: impl Into<ElementId>,
2007        f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
2008    ) -> R {
2009        self.window.element_id_stack.push(element_id.into());
2010        let result = f(self);
2011        self.window.element_id_stack.pop();
2012        result
2013    }
2014
2015    /// Updates or initializes state for an element with the given id that lives across multiple
2016    /// frames. If an element with this ID existed in the rendered frame, its state will be passed
2017    /// to the given closure. The state returned by the closure will be stored so it can be referenced
2018    /// when drawing the next frame. This method should only be called as part of element drawing.
2019    pub fn with_element_state<S, R>(
2020        &mut self,
2021        global_id: &GlobalElementId,
2022        f: impl FnOnce(Option<S>, &mut Self) -> (R, S),
2023    ) -> R
2024    where
2025        S: 'static,
2026    {
2027        debug_assert!(
2028            matches!(
2029                self.window.draw_phase,
2030                DrawPhase::Prepaint | DrawPhase::Paint
2031            ),
2032            "this method can only be called during request_layout, prepaint, or paint"
2033        );
2034
2035        let key = (GlobalElementId(global_id.0.clone()), TypeId::of::<S>());
2036        self.window
2037            .next_frame
2038            .accessed_element_states
2039            .push((GlobalElementId(key.0.clone()), TypeId::of::<S>()));
2040
2041        if let Some(any) = self
2042            .window
2043            .next_frame
2044            .element_states
2045            .remove(&key)
2046            .or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.element_states.remove(&key))
2047        {
2048            let ElementStateBox {
2049                inner,
2050                #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
2051                type_name,
2052            } = any;
2053            // Using the extra inner option to avoid needing to reallocate a new box.
2054            let mut state_box = inner
2055                .downcast::<Option<S>>()
2056                .map_err(|_| {
2057                    #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
2058                    {
2059                        anyhow::anyhow!(
2060                            "invalid element state type for id, requested {:?}, actual: {:?}",
2061                            std::any::type_name::<S>(),
2062                            type_name
2063                        )
2064                    }
2065
2066                    #[cfg(not(debug_assertions))]
2067                    {
2068                        anyhow::anyhow!(
2069                            "invalid element state type for id, requested {:?}",
2070                            std::any::type_name::<S>(),
2071                        )
2072                    }
2073                })
2074                .unwrap();
2075
2076            let state = state_box.take().expect(
2077                "reentrant call to with_element_state for the same state type and element id",
2078            );
2079            let (result, state) = f(Some(state), self);
2080            state_box.replace(state);
2081            self.window.next_frame.element_states.insert(
2082                key,
2083                ElementStateBox {
2084                    inner: state_box,
2085                    #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
2086                    type_name,
2087                },
2088            );
2089            result
2090        } else {
2091            let (result, state) = f(None, self);
2092            self.window.next_frame.element_states.insert(
2093                key,
2094                ElementStateBox {
2095                    inner: Box::new(Some(state)),
2096                    #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
2097                    type_name: std::any::type_name::<S>(),
2098                },
2099            );
2100            result
2101        }
2102    }
2103
2104    /// A variant of `with_element_state` that allows the element's id to be optional. This is a convenience
2105    /// method for elements where the element id may or may not be assigned. Prefer using `with_element_state`
2106    /// when the element is guaranteed to have an id.
2107    pub fn with_optional_element_state<S, R>(
2108        &mut self,
2109        global_id: Option<&GlobalElementId>,
2110        f: impl FnOnce(Option<Option<S>>, &mut Self) -> (R, Option<S>),
2111    ) -> R
2112    where
2113        S: 'static,
2114    {
2115        debug_assert!(
2116            matches!(
2117                self.window.draw_phase,
2118                DrawPhase::Prepaint | DrawPhase::Paint
2119            ),
2120            "this method can only be called during request_layout, prepaint, or paint"
2121        );
2122
2123        if let Some(global_id) = global_id {
2124            self.with_element_state(global_id, |state, cx| {
2125                let (result, state) = f(Some(state), cx);
2126                let state =
2127                    state.expect("you must return some state when you pass some element id");
2128                (result, state)
2129            })
2130        } else {
2131            let (result, state) = f(None, self);
2132            debug_assert!(
2133                state.is_none(),
2134                "you must not return an element state when passing None for the global id"
2135            );
2136            result
2137        }
2138    }
2139
2140    /// Defers the drawing of the given element, scheduling it to be painted on top of the currently-drawn tree
2141    /// at a later time. The `priority` parameter determines the drawing order relative to other deferred elements,
2142    /// with higher values being drawn on top.
2143    ///
2144    /// This method should only be called as part of the prepaint phase of element drawing.
2145    pub fn defer_draw(
2146        &mut self,
2147        element: AnyElement,
2148        absolute_offset: Point<Pixels>,
2149        priority: usize,
2150    ) {
2151        let window = &mut self.window;
2152        debug_assert_eq!(
2153            window.draw_phase,
2154            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2155            "this method can only be called during request_layout or prepaint"
2156        );
2157        let parent_node = window.next_frame.dispatch_tree.active_node_id().unwrap();
2158        window.next_frame.deferred_draws.push(DeferredDraw {
2159            parent_node,
2160            element_id_stack: window.element_id_stack.clone(),
2161            text_style_stack: window.text_style_stack.clone(),
2162            priority,
2163            element: Some(element),
2164            absolute_offset,
2165            prepaint_range: PrepaintStateIndex::default()..PrepaintStateIndex::default(),
2166            paint_range: PaintIndex::default()..PaintIndex::default(),
2167        });
2168    }
2169
2170    /// Creates a new painting layer for the specified bounds. A "layer" is a batch
2171    /// of geometry that are non-overlapping and have the same draw order. This is typically used
2172    /// for performance reasons.
2173    ///
2174    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2175    pub fn paint_layer<R>(&mut self, bounds: Bounds<Pixels>, f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R) -> R {
2176        debug_assert_eq!(
2177            self.window.draw_phase,
2178            DrawPhase::Paint,
2179            "this method can only be called during paint"
2180        );
2181
2182        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2183        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
2184        let clipped_bounds = bounds.intersect(&content_mask.bounds);
2185        if !clipped_bounds.is_empty() {
2186            self.window
2187                .next_frame
2188                .scene
2189                .push_layer(clipped_bounds.scale(scale_factor));
2190        }
2191
2192        let result = f(self);
2193
2194        if !clipped_bounds.is_empty() {
2195            self.window.next_frame.scene.pop_layer();
2196        }
2197
2198        result
2199    }
2200
2201    /// Paint one or more drop shadows into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2202    ///
2203    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2204    pub fn paint_shadows(
2205        &mut self,
2206        bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
2207        corner_radii: Corners<Pixels>,
2208        shadows: &[BoxShadow],
2209    ) {
2210        debug_assert_eq!(
2211            self.window.draw_phase,
2212            DrawPhase::Paint,
2213            "this method can only be called during paint"
2214        );
2215
2216        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2217        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
2218        for shadow in shadows {
2219            let mut shadow_bounds = bounds;
2220            shadow_bounds.origin += shadow.offset;
2221            shadow_bounds.dilate(shadow.spread_radius);
2222            self.window.next_frame.scene.insert_primitive(Shadow {
2223                order: 0,
2224                blur_radius: shadow.blur_radius.scale(scale_factor),
2225                bounds: shadow_bounds.scale(scale_factor),
2226                content_mask: content_mask.scale(scale_factor),
2227                corner_radii: corner_radii.scale(scale_factor),
2228                color: shadow.color,
2229            });
2230        }
2231    }
2232
2233    /// Paint one or more quads into the scene for the next frame at the current stacking context.
2234    /// Quads are colored rectangular regions with an optional background, border, and corner radius.
2235    /// see [`fill`](crate::fill), [`outline`](crate::outline), and [`quad`](crate::quad) to construct this type.
2236    ///
2237    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2238    pub fn paint_quad(&mut self, quad: PaintQuad) {
2239        debug_assert_eq!(
2240            self.window.draw_phase,
2241            DrawPhase::Paint,
2242            "this method can only be called during paint"
2243        );
2244
2245        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2246        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
2247        self.window.next_frame.scene.insert_primitive(Quad {
2248            order: 0,
2249            pad: 0,
2250            bounds: quad.bounds.scale(scale_factor),
2251            content_mask: content_mask.scale(scale_factor),
2252            background: quad.background,
2253            border_color: quad.border_color,
2254            corner_radii: quad.corner_radii.scale(scale_factor),
2255            border_widths: quad.border_widths.scale(scale_factor),
2256        });
2257    }
2258
2259    /// Paint the given `Path` into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2260    ///
2261    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2262    pub fn paint_path(&mut self, mut path: Path<Pixels>, color: impl Into<Hsla>) {
2263        debug_assert_eq!(
2264            self.window.draw_phase,
2265            DrawPhase::Paint,
2266            "this method can only be called during paint"
2267        );
2268
2269        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2270        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
2271        path.content_mask = content_mask;
2272        path.color = color.into();
2273        self.window
2274            .next_frame
2275            .scene
2276            .insert_primitive(path.scale(scale_factor));
2277    }
2278
2279    /// Paint an underline into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2280    ///
2281    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2282    pub fn paint_underline(
2283        &mut self,
2284        origin: Point<Pixels>,
2285        width: Pixels,
2286        style: &UnderlineStyle,
2287    ) {
2288        debug_assert_eq!(
2289            self.window.draw_phase,
2290            DrawPhase::Paint,
2291            "this method can only be called during paint"
2292        );
2293
2294        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2295        let height = if style.wavy {
2296            style.thickness * 3.
2297        } else {
2298            style.thickness
2299        };
2300        let bounds = Bounds {
2301            origin,
2302            size: size(width, height),
2303        };
2304        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
2305
2306        self.window.next_frame.scene.insert_primitive(Underline {
2307            order: 0,
2308            pad: 0,
2309            bounds: bounds.scale(scale_factor),
2310            content_mask: content_mask.scale(scale_factor),
2311            color: style.color.unwrap_or_default(),
2312            thickness: style.thickness.scale(scale_factor),
2313            wavy: style.wavy,
2314        });
2315    }
2316
2317    /// Paint a strikethrough into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2318    ///
2319    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2320    pub fn paint_strikethrough(
2321        &mut self,
2322        origin: Point<Pixels>,
2323        width: Pixels,
2324        style: &StrikethroughStyle,
2325    ) {
2326        debug_assert_eq!(
2327            self.window.draw_phase,
2328            DrawPhase::Paint,
2329            "this method can only be called during paint"
2330        );
2331
2332        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2333        let height = style.thickness;
2334        let bounds = Bounds {
2335            origin,
2336            size: size(width, height),
2337        };
2338        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
2339
2340        self.window.next_frame.scene.insert_primitive(Underline {
2341            order: 0,
2342            pad: 0,
2343            bounds: bounds.scale(scale_factor),
2344            content_mask: content_mask.scale(scale_factor),
2345            thickness: style.thickness.scale(scale_factor),
2346            color: style.color.unwrap_or_default(),
2347            wavy: false,
2348        });
2349    }
2350
2351    /// Paints a monochrome (non-emoji) glyph into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2352    ///
2353    /// The y component of the origin is the baseline of the glyph.
2354    /// You should generally prefer to use the [`ShapedLine::paint`](crate::ShapedLine::paint) or
2355    /// [`WrappedLine::paint`](crate::WrappedLine::paint) methods in the [`TextSystem`](crate::TextSystem).
2356    /// This method is only useful if you need to paint a single glyph that has already been shaped.
2357    ///
2358    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2359    pub fn paint_glyph(
2360        &mut self,
2361        origin: Point<Pixels>,
2362        font_id: FontId,
2363        glyph_id: GlyphId,
2364        font_size: Pixels,
2365        color: Hsla,
2366    ) -> Result<()> {
2367        debug_assert_eq!(
2368            self.window.draw_phase,
2369            DrawPhase::Paint,
2370            "this method can only be called during paint"
2371        );
2372
2373        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2374        let glyph_origin = origin.scale(scale_factor);
2375        let subpixel_variant = Point {
2376            x: (glyph_origin.x.0.fract() * SUBPIXEL_VARIANTS as f32).floor() as u8,
2377            y: (glyph_origin.y.0.fract() * SUBPIXEL_VARIANTS as f32).floor() as u8,
2378        };
2379        let params = RenderGlyphParams {
2380            font_id,
2381            glyph_id,
2382            font_size,
2383            subpixel_variant,
2384            scale_factor,
2385            is_emoji: false,
2386        };
2387
2388        let raster_bounds = self.text_system().raster_bounds(&params)?;
2389        if !raster_bounds.is_zero() {
2390            let tile = self
2391                .window
2392                .sprite_atlas
2393                .get_or_insert_with(&params.clone().into(), &mut || {
2394                    let (size, bytes) = self.text_system().rasterize_glyph(&params)?;
2395                    Ok(Some((size, Cow::Owned(bytes))))
2396                })?
2397                .expect("Callback above only errors or returns Some");
2398            let bounds = Bounds {
2399                origin: glyph_origin.map(|px| px.floor()) + raster_bounds.origin.map(Into::into),
2400                size: tile.bounds.size.map(Into::into),
2401            };
2402            let content_mask = self.content_mask().scale(scale_factor);
2403            self.window
2404                .next_frame
2405                .scene
2406                .insert_primitive(MonochromeSprite {
2407                    order: 0,
2408                    pad: 0,
2409                    bounds,
2410                    content_mask,
2411                    color,
2412                    tile,
2413                    transformation: TransformationMatrix::unit(),
2414                });
2415        }
2416        Ok(())
2417    }
2418
2419    /// Paints an emoji glyph into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2420    ///
2421    /// The y component of the origin is the baseline of the glyph.
2422    /// You should generally prefer to use the [`ShapedLine::paint`](crate::ShapedLine::paint) or
2423    /// [`WrappedLine::paint`](crate::WrappedLine::paint) methods in the [`TextSystem`](crate::TextSystem).
2424    /// This method is only useful if you need to paint a single emoji that has already been shaped.
2425    ///
2426    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2427    pub fn paint_emoji(
2428        &mut self,
2429        origin: Point<Pixels>,
2430        font_id: FontId,
2431        glyph_id: GlyphId,
2432        font_size: Pixels,
2433    ) -> Result<()> {
2434        debug_assert_eq!(
2435            self.window.draw_phase,
2436            DrawPhase::Paint,
2437            "this method can only be called during paint"
2438        );
2439
2440        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2441        let glyph_origin = origin.scale(scale_factor);
2442        let params = RenderGlyphParams {
2443            font_id,
2444            glyph_id,
2445            font_size,
2446            // We don't render emojis with subpixel variants.
2447            subpixel_variant: Default::default(),
2448            scale_factor,
2449            is_emoji: true,
2450        };
2451
2452        let raster_bounds = self.text_system().raster_bounds(&params)?;
2453        if !raster_bounds.is_zero() {
2454            let tile = self
2455                .window
2456                .sprite_atlas
2457                .get_or_insert_with(&params.clone().into(), &mut || {
2458                    let (size, bytes) = self.text_system().rasterize_glyph(&params)?;
2459                    Ok(Some((size, Cow::Owned(bytes))))
2460                })?
2461                .expect("Callback above only errors or returns Some");
2462
2463            let bounds = Bounds {
2464                origin: glyph_origin.map(|px| px.floor()) + raster_bounds.origin.map(Into::into),
2465                size: tile.bounds.size.map(Into::into),
2466            };
2467            let content_mask = self.content_mask().scale(scale_factor);
2468
2469            self.window
2470                .next_frame
2471                .scene
2472                .insert_primitive(PolychromeSprite {
2473                    order: 0,
2474                    grayscale: false,
2475                    bounds,
2476                    corner_radii: Default::default(),
2477                    content_mask,
2478                    tile,
2479                });
2480        }
2481        Ok(())
2482    }
2483
2484    /// Paint a monochrome SVG into the scene for the next frame at the current stacking context.
2485    ///
2486    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2487    pub fn paint_svg(
2488        &mut self,
2489        bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
2490        path: SharedString,
2491        transformation: TransformationMatrix,
2492        color: Hsla,
2493    ) -> Result<()> {
2494        debug_assert_eq!(
2495            self.window.draw_phase,
2496            DrawPhase::Paint,
2497            "this method can only be called during paint"
2498        );
2499
2500        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2501        let bounds = bounds.scale(scale_factor);
2502        // Render the SVG at twice the size to get a higher quality result.
2503        let params = RenderSvgParams {
2504            path,
2505            size: bounds
2506                .size
2507                .map(|pixels| DevicePixels::from((pixels.0 * 2.).ceil() as i32)),
2508        };
2509
2510        let Some(tile) =
2511            self.window
2512                .sprite_atlas
2513                .get_or_insert_with(&params.clone().into(), &mut || {
2514                    let Some(bytes) = self.svg_renderer.render(&params)? else {
2515                        return Ok(None);
2516                    };
2517                    Ok(Some((params.size, Cow::Owned(bytes))))
2518                })?
2519        else {
2520            return Ok(());
2521        };
2522        let content_mask = self.content_mask().scale(scale_factor);
2523
2524        self.window
2525            .next_frame
2526            .scene
2527            .insert_primitive(MonochromeSprite {
2528                order: 0,
2529                pad: 0,
2530                bounds,
2531                content_mask,
2532                color,
2533                tile,
2534                transformation,
2535            });
2536
2537        Ok(())
2538    }
2539
2540    /// Paint an image into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2541    ///
2542    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2543    pub fn paint_image(
2544        &mut self,
2545        bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
2546        corner_radii: Corners<Pixels>,
2547        data: Arc<ImageData>,
2548        grayscale: bool,
2549    ) -> Result<()> {
2550        debug_assert_eq!(
2551            self.window.draw_phase,
2552            DrawPhase::Paint,
2553            "this method can only be called during paint"
2554        );
2555
2556        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2557        let bounds = bounds.scale(scale_factor);
2558        let params = RenderImageParams { image_id: data.id };
2559
2560        let tile = self
2561            .window
2562            .sprite_atlas
2563            .get_or_insert_with(&params.clone().into(), &mut || {
2564                Ok(Some((data.size(), Cow::Borrowed(data.as_bytes()))))
2565            })?
2566            .expect("Callback above only returns Some");
2567        let content_mask = self.content_mask().scale(scale_factor);
2568        let corner_radii = corner_radii.scale(scale_factor);
2569
2570        self.window
2571            .next_frame
2572            .scene
2573            .insert_primitive(PolychromeSprite {
2574                order: 0,
2575                grayscale,
2576                bounds,
2577                content_mask,
2578                corner_radii,
2579                tile,
2580            });
2581        Ok(())
2582    }
2583
2584    /// Paint a surface into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2585    ///
2586    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2587    #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
2588    pub fn paint_surface(&mut self, bounds: Bounds<Pixels>, image_buffer: CVImageBuffer) {
2589        debug_assert_eq!(
2590            self.window.draw_phase,
2591            DrawPhase::Paint,
2592            "this method can only be called during paint"
2593        );
2594
2595        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2596        let bounds = bounds.scale(scale_factor);
2597        let content_mask = self.content_mask().scale(scale_factor);
2598        self.window
2599            .next_frame
2600            .scene
2601            .insert_primitive(crate::Surface {
2602                order: 0,
2603                bounds,
2604                content_mask,
2605                image_buffer,
2606            });
2607    }
2608
2609    #[must_use]
2610    /// Add a node to the layout tree for the current frame. Takes the `Style` of the element for which
2611    /// layout is being requested, along with the layout ids of any children. This method is called during
2612    /// calls to the [`Element::request_layout`] trait method and enables any element to participate in layout.
2613    ///
2614    /// This method should only be called as part of the request_layout or prepaint phase of element drawing.
2615    pub fn request_layout(
2616        &mut self,
2617        style: Style,
2618        children: impl IntoIterator<Item = LayoutId>,
2619    ) -> LayoutId {
2620        debug_assert_eq!(
2621            self.window.draw_phase,
2622            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2623            "this method can only be called during request_layout, or prepaint"
2624        );
2625
2626        self.app.layout_id_buffer.clear();
2627        self.app.layout_id_buffer.extend(children);
2628        let rem_size = self.rem_size();
2629
2630        self.window.layout_engine.as_mut().unwrap().request_layout(
2631            style,
2632            rem_size,
2633            &self.app.layout_id_buffer,
2634        )
2635    }
2636
2637    /// Add a node to the layout tree for the current frame. Instead of taking a `Style` and children,
2638    /// this variant takes a function that is invoked during layout so you can use arbitrary logic to
2639    /// determine the element's size. One place this is used internally is when measuring text.
2640    ///
2641    /// The given closure is invoked at layout time with the known dimensions and available space and
2642    /// returns a `Size`.
2643    ///
2644    /// This method should only be called as part of the request_layout or prepaint phase of element drawing.
2645    pub fn request_measured_layout<
2646        F: FnMut(Size<Option<Pixels>>, Size<AvailableSpace>, &mut WindowContext) -> Size<Pixels>
2647            + 'static,
2648    >(
2649        &mut self,
2650        style: Style,
2651        measure: F,
2652    ) -> LayoutId {
2653        debug_assert_eq!(
2654            self.window.draw_phase,
2655            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2656            "this method can only be called during request_layout, or prepaint"
2657        );
2658
2659        let rem_size = self.rem_size();
2660        self.window
2661            .layout_engine
2662            .as_mut()
2663            .unwrap()
2664            .request_measured_layout(style, rem_size, measure)
2665    }
2666
2667    /// Compute the layout for the given id within the given available space.
2668    /// This method is called for its side effect, typically by the framework prior to painting.
2669    /// After calling it, you can request the bounds of the given layout node id or any descendant.
2670    ///
2671    /// This method should only be called as part of the prepaint phase of element drawing.
2672    pub fn compute_layout(&mut self, layout_id: LayoutId, available_space: Size<AvailableSpace>) {
2673        debug_assert_eq!(
2674            self.window.draw_phase,
2675            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2676            "this method can only be called during request_layout, or prepaint"
2677        );
2678
2679        let mut layout_engine = self.window.layout_engine.take().unwrap();
2680        layout_engine.compute_layout(layout_id, available_space, self);
2681        self.window.layout_engine = Some(layout_engine);
2682    }
2683
2684    /// Obtain the bounds computed for the given LayoutId relative to the window. This method will usually be invoked by
2685    /// GPUI itself automatically in order to pass your element its `Bounds` automatically.
2686    ///
2687    /// This method should only be called as part of element drawing.
2688    pub fn layout_bounds(&mut self, layout_id: LayoutId) -> Bounds<Pixels> {
2689        debug_assert_eq!(
2690            self.window.draw_phase,
2691            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2692            "this method can only be called during request_layout, prepaint, or paint"
2693        );
2694
2695        let mut bounds = self
2696            .window
2697            .layout_engine
2698            .as_mut()
2699            .unwrap()
2700            .layout_bounds(layout_id)
2701            .map(Into::into);
2702        bounds.origin += self.element_offset();
2703        bounds
2704    }
2705
2706    /// This method should be called during `prepaint`. You can use
2707    /// the returned [Hitbox] during `paint` or in an event handler
2708    /// to determine whether the inserted hitbox was the topmost.
2709    ///
2710    /// This method should only be called as part of the prepaint phase of element drawing.
2711    pub fn insert_hitbox(&mut self, bounds: Bounds<Pixels>, opaque: bool) -> Hitbox {
2712        debug_assert_eq!(
2713            self.window.draw_phase,
2714            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2715            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
2716        );
2717
2718        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
2719        let window = &mut self.window;
2720        let id = window.next_hitbox_id;
2721        window.next_hitbox_id.0 += 1;
2722        let hitbox = Hitbox {
2723            id,
2724            bounds,
2725            content_mask,
2726            opaque,
2727        };
2728        window.next_frame.hitboxes.push(hitbox.clone());
2729        hitbox
2730    }
2731
2732    /// Sets the key context for the current element. This context will be used to translate
2733    /// keybindings into actions.
2734    ///
2735    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2736    pub fn set_key_context(&mut self, context: KeyContext) {
2737        debug_assert_eq!(
2738            self.window.draw_phase,
2739            DrawPhase::Paint,
2740            "this method can only be called during paint"
2741        );
2742        self.window
2743            .next_frame
2744            .dispatch_tree
2745            .set_key_context(context);
2746    }
2747
2748    /// Sets the focus handle for the current element. This handle will be used to manage focus state
2749    /// and keyboard event dispatch for the element.
2750    ///
2751    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2752    pub fn set_focus_handle(&mut self, focus_handle: &FocusHandle) {
2753        debug_assert_eq!(
2754            self.window.draw_phase,
2755            DrawPhase::Paint,
2756            "this method can only be called during paint"
2757        );
2758        self.window
2759            .next_frame
2760            .dispatch_tree
2761            .set_focus_id(focus_handle.id);
2762    }
2763
2764    /// Sets the view id for the current element, which will be used to manage view caching.
2765    ///
2766    /// This method should only be called as part of element prepaint. We plan on removing this
2767    /// method eventually when we solve some issues that require us to construct editor elements
2768    /// directly instead of always using editors via views.
2769    pub fn set_view_id(&mut self, view_id: EntityId) {
2770        debug_assert_eq!(
2771            self.window.draw_phase,
2772            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2773            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
2774        );
2775        self.window.next_frame.dispatch_tree.set_view_id(view_id);
2776    }
2777
2778    /// Get the last view id for the current element
2779    pub fn parent_view_id(&mut self) -> Option<EntityId> {
2780        self.window.next_frame.dispatch_tree.parent_view_id()
2781    }
2782
2783    /// Sets an input handler, such as [`ElementInputHandler`][element_input_handler], which interfaces with the
2784    /// platform to receive textual input with proper integration with concerns such
2785    /// as IME interactions. This handler will be active for the upcoming frame until the following frame is
2786    /// rendered.
2787    ///
2788    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2789    ///
2790    /// [element_input_handler]: crate::ElementInputHandler
2791    pub fn handle_input(&mut self, focus_handle: &FocusHandle, input_handler: impl InputHandler) {
2792        debug_assert_eq!(
2793            self.window.draw_phase,
2794            DrawPhase::Paint,
2795            "this method can only be called during paint"
2796        );
2797
2798        if focus_handle.is_focused(self) {
2799            let cx = self.to_async();
2800            self.window
2801                .next_frame
2802                .input_handlers
2803                .push(Some(PlatformInputHandler::new(cx, Box::new(input_handler))));
2804        }
2805    }
2806
2807    /// Register a mouse event listener on the window for the next frame. The type of event
2808    /// is determined by the first parameter of the given listener. When the next frame is rendered
2809    /// the listener will be cleared.
2810    ///
2811    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2812    pub fn on_mouse_event<Event: MouseEvent>(
2813        &mut self,
2814        mut handler: impl FnMut(&Event, DispatchPhase, &mut WindowContext) + 'static,
2815    ) {
2816        debug_assert_eq!(
2817            self.window.draw_phase,
2818            DrawPhase::Paint,
2819            "this method can only be called during paint"
2820        );
2821
2822        self.window.next_frame.mouse_listeners.push(Some(Box::new(
2823            move |event: &dyn Any, phase: DispatchPhase, cx: &mut WindowContext<'_>| {
2824                if let Some(event) = event.downcast_ref() {
2825                    handler(event, phase, cx)
2826                }
2827            },
2828        )));
2829    }
2830
2831    /// Register a key event listener on the window for the next frame. The type of event
2832    /// is determined by the first parameter of the given listener. When the next frame is rendered
2833    /// the listener will be cleared.
2834    ///
2835    /// This is a fairly low-level method, so prefer using event handlers on elements unless you have
2836    /// a specific need to register a global listener.
2837    ///
2838    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2839    pub fn on_key_event<Event: KeyEvent>(
2840        &mut self,
2841        listener: impl Fn(&Event, DispatchPhase, &mut WindowContext) + 'static,
2842    ) {
2843        debug_assert_eq!(
2844            self.window.draw_phase,
2845            DrawPhase::Paint,
2846            "this method can only be called during paint"
2847        );
2848
2849        self.window.next_frame.dispatch_tree.on_key_event(Rc::new(
2850            move |event: &dyn Any, phase, cx: &mut WindowContext<'_>| {
2851                if let Some(event) = event.downcast_ref::<Event>() {
2852                    listener(event, phase, cx)
2853                }
2854            },
2855        ));
2856    }
2857
2858    /// Register a modifiers changed event listener on the window for the next frame.
2859    ///
2860    /// This is a fairly low-level method, so prefer using event handlers on elements unless you have
2861    /// a specific need to register a global listener.
2862    ///
2863    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2864    pub fn on_modifiers_changed(
2865        &mut self,
2866        listener: impl Fn(&ModifiersChangedEvent, &mut WindowContext) + 'static,
2867    ) {
2868        debug_assert_eq!(
2869            self.window.draw_phase,
2870            DrawPhase::Paint,
2871            "this method can only be called during paint"
2872        );
2873
2874        self.window
2875            .next_frame
2876            .dispatch_tree
2877            .on_modifiers_changed(Rc::new(
2878                move |event: &ModifiersChangedEvent, cx: &mut WindowContext<'_>| {
2879                    listener(event, cx)
2880                },
2881            ));
2882    }
2883
2884    fn reset_cursor_style(&self) {
2885        // Set the cursor only if we're the active window.
2886        if self.is_window_active() {
2887            let style = self
2888                .window
2889                .rendered_frame
2890                .cursor_styles
2891                .iter()
2892                .rev()
2893                .find(|request| request.hitbox_id.is_hovered(self))
2894                .map(|request| request.style)
2895                .unwrap_or(CursorStyle::Arrow);
2896            self.platform.set_cursor_style(style);
2897        }
2898    }
2899
2900    /// Dispatch a given keystroke as though the user had typed it.
2901    /// You can create a keystroke with Keystroke::parse("").
2902    pub fn dispatch_keystroke(&mut self, keystroke: Keystroke) -> bool {
2903        let keystroke = keystroke.with_simulated_ime();
2904        let result = self.dispatch_event(PlatformInput::KeyDown(KeyDownEvent {
2905            keystroke: keystroke.clone(),
2906            is_held: false,
2907        }));
2908        if !result.propagate {
2909            return true;
2910        }
2911
2912        if let Some(input) = keystroke.ime_key {
2913            if let Some(mut input_handler) = self.window.platform_window.take_input_handler() {
2914                input_handler.dispatch_input(&input, self);
2915                self.window.platform_window.set_input_handler(input_handler);
2916                return true;
2917            }
2918        }
2919
2920        false
2921    }
2922
2923    /// Represent this action as a key binding string, to display in the UI.
2924    pub fn keystroke_text_for(&self, action: &dyn Action) -> String {
2925        self.bindings_for_action(action)
2926            .into_iter()
2927            .next()
2928            .map(|binding| {
2929                binding
2930                    .keystrokes()
2931                    .iter()
2932                    .map(ToString::to_string)
2933                    .collect::<Vec<_>>()
2934                    .join(" ")
2935            })
2936            .unwrap_or_else(|| action.name().to_string())
2937    }
2938
2939    /// Dispatch a mouse or keyboard event on the window.
2940    #[profiling::function]
2941    pub fn dispatch_event(&mut self, event: PlatformInput) -> DispatchEventResult {
2942        self.window.last_input_timestamp.set(Instant::now());
2943        // Handlers may set this to false by calling `stop_propagation`.
2944        self.app.propagate_event = true;
2945        // Handlers may set this to true by calling `prevent_default`.
2946        self.window.default_prevented = false;
2947
2948        let event = match event {
2949            // Track the mouse position with our own state, since accessing the platform
2950            // API for the mouse position can only occur on the main thread.
2951            PlatformInput::MouseMove(mouse_move) => {
2952                self.window.mouse_position = mouse_move.position;
2953                self.window.modifiers = mouse_move.modifiers;
2954                PlatformInput::MouseMove(mouse_move)
2955            }
2956            PlatformInput::MouseDown(mouse_down) => {
2957                self.window.mouse_position = mouse_down.position;
2958                self.window.modifiers = mouse_down.modifiers;
2959                PlatformInput::MouseDown(mouse_down)
2960            }
2961            PlatformInput::MouseUp(mouse_up) => {
2962                self.window.mouse_position = mouse_up.position;
2963                self.window.modifiers = mouse_up.modifiers;
2964                PlatformInput::MouseUp(mouse_up)
2965            }
2966            PlatformInput::MouseExited(mouse_exited) => {
2967                self.window.modifiers = mouse_exited.modifiers;
2968                PlatformInput::MouseExited(mouse_exited)
2969            }
2970            PlatformInput::ModifiersChanged(modifiers_changed) => {
2971                self.window.modifiers = modifiers_changed.modifiers;
2972                PlatformInput::ModifiersChanged(modifiers_changed)
2973            }
2974            PlatformInput::ScrollWheel(scroll_wheel) => {
2975                self.window.mouse_position = scroll_wheel.position;
2976                self.window.modifiers = scroll_wheel.modifiers;
2977                PlatformInput::ScrollWheel(scroll_wheel)
2978            }
2979            // Translate dragging and dropping of external files from the operating system
2980            // to internal drag and drop events.
2981            PlatformInput::FileDrop(file_drop) => match file_drop {
2982                FileDropEvent::Entered { position, paths } => {
2983                    self.window.mouse_position = position;
2984                    if self.active_drag.is_none() {
2985                        self.active_drag = Some(AnyDrag {
2986                            value: Box::new(paths.clone()),
2987                            view: self.new_view(|_| paths).into(),
2988                            cursor_offset: position,
2989                        });
2990                    }
2991                    PlatformInput::MouseMove(MouseMoveEvent {
2992                        position,
2993                        pressed_button: Some(MouseButton::Left),
2994                        modifiers: Modifiers::default(),
2995                    })
2996                }
2997                FileDropEvent::Pending { position } => {
2998                    self.window.mouse_position = position;
2999                    PlatformInput::MouseMove(MouseMoveEvent {
3000                        position,
3001                        pressed_button: Some(MouseButton::Left),
3002                        modifiers: Modifiers::default(),
3003                    })
3004                }
3005                FileDropEvent::Submit { position } => {
3006                    self.activate(true);
3007                    self.window.mouse_position = position;
3008                    PlatformInput::MouseUp(MouseUpEvent {
3009                        button: MouseButton::Left,
3010                        position,
3011                        modifiers: Modifiers::default(),
3012                        click_count: 1,
3013                    })
3014                }
3015                FileDropEvent::Exited => {
3016                    self.active_drag.take();
3017                    PlatformInput::FileDrop(FileDropEvent::Exited)
3018                }
3019            },
3020            PlatformInput::KeyDown(_) | PlatformInput::KeyUp(_) => event,
3021        };
3022
3023        if let Some(any_mouse_event) = event.mouse_event() {
3024            self.dispatch_mouse_event(any_mouse_event);
3025        } else if let Some(any_key_event) = event.keyboard_event() {
3026            self.dispatch_key_event(any_key_event);
3027        }
3028
3029        DispatchEventResult {
3030            propagate: self.app.propagate_event,
3031            default_prevented: self.window.default_prevented,
3032        }
3033    }
3034
3035    fn dispatch_mouse_event(&mut self, event: &dyn Any) {
3036        let hit_test = self.window.rendered_frame.hit_test(self.mouse_position());
3037        if hit_test != self.window.mouse_hit_test {
3038            self.window.mouse_hit_test = hit_test;
3039            self.reset_cursor_style();
3040        }
3041
3042        let mut mouse_listeners = mem::take(&mut self.window.rendered_frame.mouse_listeners);
3043
3044        // Capture phase, events bubble from back to front. Handlers for this phase are used for
3045        // special purposes, such as detecting events outside of a given Bounds.
3046        for listener in &mut mouse_listeners {
3047            let listener = listener.as_mut().unwrap();
3048            listener(event, DispatchPhase::Capture, self);
3049            if !self.app.propagate_event {
3050                break;
3051            }
3052        }
3053
3054        // Bubble phase, where most normal handlers do their work.
3055        if self.app.propagate_event {
3056            for listener in mouse_listeners.iter_mut().rev() {
3057                let listener = listener.as_mut().unwrap();
3058                listener(event, DispatchPhase::Bubble, self);
3059                if !self.app.propagate_event {
3060                    break;
3061                }
3062            }
3063        }
3064
3065        self.window.rendered_frame.mouse_listeners = mouse_listeners;
3066
3067        if self.has_active_drag() {
3068            if event.is::<MouseMoveEvent>() {
3069                // If this was a mouse move event, redraw the window so that the
3070                // active drag can follow the mouse cursor.
3071                self.refresh();
3072            } else if event.is::<MouseUpEvent>() {
3073                // If this was a mouse up event, cancel the active drag and redraw
3074                // the window.
3075                self.active_drag = None;
3076                self.refresh();
3077            }
3078        }
3079    }
3080
3081    fn dispatch_key_event(&mut self, event: &dyn Any) {
3082        if self.window.dirty.get() {
3083            self.draw();
3084        }
3085
3086        let node_id = self
3087            .window
3088            .focus
3089            .and_then(|focus_id| {
3090                self.window
3091                    .rendered_frame
3092                    .dispatch_tree
3093                    .focusable_node_id(focus_id)
3094            })
3095            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
3096
3097        let dispatch_path = self
3098            .window
3099            .rendered_frame
3100            .dispatch_tree
3101            .dispatch_path(node_id);
3102
3103        if let Some(key_down_event) = event.downcast_ref::<KeyDownEvent>() {
3104            let KeymatchResult { bindings, pending } = self
3105                .window
3106                .rendered_frame
3107                .dispatch_tree
3108                .dispatch_key(&key_down_event.keystroke, &dispatch_path);
3109
3110            if pending {
3111                let mut currently_pending = self.window.pending_input.take().unwrap_or_default();
3112                if currently_pending.focus.is_some() && currently_pending.focus != self.window.focus
3113                {
3114                    currently_pending = PendingInput::default();
3115                }
3116                currently_pending.focus = self.window.focus;
3117                currently_pending
3118                    .keystrokes
3119                    .push(key_down_event.keystroke.clone());
3120                for binding in bindings {
3121                    currently_pending.bindings.push(binding);
3122                }
3123
3124                currently_pending.timer = Some(self.spawn(|mut cx| async move {
3125                    cx.background_executor.timer(Duration::from_secs(1)).await;
3126                    cx.update(move |cx| {
3127                        cx.clear_pending_keystrokes();
3128                        let Some(currently_pending) = cx.window.pending_input.take() else {
3129                            return;
3130                        };
3131                        cx.replay_pending_input(currently_pending)
3132                    })
3133                    .log_err();
3134                }));
3135
3136                self.window.pending_input = Some(currently_pending);
3137
3138                self.propagate_event = false;
3139                return;
3140            } else if let Some(currently_pending) = self.window.pending_input.take() {
3141                if bindings
3142                    .iter()
3143                    .all(|binding| !currently_pending.used_by_binding(binding))
3144                {
3145                    self.replay_pending_input(currently_pending)
3146                }
3147            }
3148
3149            if !bindings.is_empty() {
3150                self.clear_pending_keystrokes();
3151            }
3152
3153            self.propagate_event = true;
3154            for binding in bindings {
3155                self.dispatch_action_on_node(node_id, binding.action.as_ref());
3156                if !self.propagate_event {
3157                    self.dispatch_keystroke_observers(event, Some(binding.action));
3158                    return;
3159                }
3160            }
3161        }
3162
3163        self.dispatch_key_down_up_event(event, &dispatch_path);
3164        if !self.propagate_event {
3165            return;
3166        }
3167
3168        self.dispatch_modifiers_changed_event(event, &dispatch_path);
3169        if !self.propagate_event {
3170            return;
3171        }
3172
3173        self.dispatch_keystroke_observers(event, None);
3174    }
3175
3176    fn dispatch_key_down_up_event(
3177        &mut self,
3178        event: &dyn Any,
3179        dispatch_path: &SmallVec<[DispatchNodeId; 32]>,
3180    ) {
3181        // Capture phase
3182        for node_id in dispatch_path {
3183            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
3184
3185            for key_listener in node.key_listeners.clone() {
3186                key_listener(event, DispatchPhase::Capture, self);
3187                if !self.propagate_event {
3188                    return;
3189                }
3190            }
3191        }
3192
3193        // Bubble phase
3194        for node_id in dispatch_path.iter().rev() {
3195            // Handle low level key events
3196            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
3197            for key_listener in node.key_listeners.clone() {
3198                key_listener(event, DispatchPhase::Bubble, self);
3199                if !self.propagate_event {
3200                    return;
3201                }
3202            }
3203        }
3204    }
3205
3206    fn dispatch_modifiers_changed_event(
3207        &mut self,
3208        event: &dyn Any,
3209        dispatch_path: &SmallVec<[DispatchNodeId; 32]>,
3210    ) {
3211        let Some(event) = event.downcast_ref::<ModifiersChangedEvent>() else {
3212            return;
3213        };
3214        for node_id in dispatch_path.iter().rev() {
3215            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
3216            for listener in node.modifiers_changed_listeners.clone() {
3217                listener(event, self);
3218                if !self.propagate_event {
3219                    return;
3220                }
3221            }
3222        }
3223    }
3224
3225    /// Determine whether a potential multi-stroke key binding is in progress on this window.
3226    pub fn has_pending_keystrokes(&self) -> bool {
3227        self.window
3228            .rendered_frame
3229            .dispatch_tree
3230            .has_pending_keystrokes()
3231    }
3232
3233    fn replay_pending_input(&mut self, currently_pending: PendingInput) {
3234        let node_id = self
3235            .window
3236            .focus
3237            .and_then(|focus_id| {
3238                self.window
3239                    .rendered_frame
3240                    .dispatch_tree
3241                    .focusable_node_id(focus_id)
3242            })
3243            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
3244
3245        if self.window.focus != currently_pending.focus {
3246            return;
3247        }
3248
3249        let input = currently_pending.input();
3250
3251        self.propagate_event = true;
3252        for binding in currently_pending.bindings {
3253            self.dispatch_action_on_node(node_id, binding.action.as_ref());
3254            if !self.propagate_event {
3255                return;
3256            }
3257        }
3258
3259        let dispatch_path = self
3260            .window
3261            .rendered_frame
3262            .dispatch_tree
3263            .dispatch_path(node_id);
3264
3265        for keystroke in currently_pending.keystrokes {
3266            let event = KeyDownEvent {
3267                keystroke,
3268                is_held: false,
3269            };
3270
3271            self.dispatch_key_down_up_event(&event, &dispatch_path);
3272            if !self.propagate_event {
3273                return;
3274            }
3275        }
3276
3277        if !input.is_empty() {
3278            if let Some(mut input_handler) = self.window.platform_window.take_input_handler() {
3279                input_handler.dispatch_input(&input, self);
3280                self.window.platform_window.set_input_handler(input_handler)
3281            }
3282        }
3283    }
3284
3285    fn dispatch_action_on_node(&mut self, node_id: DispatchNodeId, action: &dyn Action) {
3286        let dispatch_path = self
3287            .window
3288            .rendered_frame
3289            .dispatch_tree
3290            .dispatch_path(node_id);
3291
3292        // Capture phase for global actions.
3293        self.propagate_event = true;
3294        if let Some(mut global_listeners) = self
3295            .global_action_listeners
3296            .remove(&action.as_any().type_id())
3297        {
3298            for listener in &global_listeners {
3299                listener(action.as_any(), DispatchPhase::Capture, self);
3300                if !self.propagate_event {
3301                    break;
3302                }
3303            }
3304
3305            global_listeners.extend(
3306                self.global_action_listeners
3307                    .remove(&action.as_any().type_id())
3308                    .unwrap_or_default(),
3309            );
3310
3311            self.global_action_listeners
3312                .insert(action.as_any().type_id(), global_listeners);
3313        }
3314
3315        if !self.propagate_event {
3316            return;
3317        }
3318
3319        // Capture phase for window actions.
3320        for node_id in &dispatch_path {
3321            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
3322            for DispatchActionListener {
3323                action_type,
3324                listener,
3325            } in node.action_listeners.clone()
3326            {
3327                let any_action = action.as_any();
3328                if action_type == any_action.type_id() {
3329                    listener(any_action, DispatchPhase::Capture, self);
3330
3331                    if !self.propagate_event {
3332                        return;
3333                    }
3334                }
3335            }
3336        }
3337
3338        // Bubble phase for window actions.
3339        for node_id in dispatch_path.iter().rev() {
3340            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
3341            for DispatchActionListener {
3342                action_type,
3343                listener,
3344            } in node.action_listeners.clone()
3345            {
3346                let any_action = action.as_any();
3347                if action_type == any_action.type_id() {
3348                    self.propagate_event = false; // Actions stop propagation by default during the bubble phase
3349                    listener(any_action, DispatchPhase::Bubble, self);
3350
3351                    if !self.propagate_event {
3352                        return;
3353                    }
3354                }
3355            }
3356        }
3357
3358        // Bubble phase for global actions.
3359        if let Some(mut global_listeners) = self
3360            .global_action_listeners
3361            .remove(&action.as_any().type_id())
3362        {
3363            for listener in global_listeners.iter().rev() {
3364                self.propagate_event = false; // Actions stop propagation by default during the bubble phase
3365
3366                listener(action.as_any(), DispatchPhase::Bubble, self);
3367                if !self.propagate_event {
3368                    break;
3369                }
3370            }
3371
3372            global_listeners.extend(
3373                self.global_action_listeners
3374                    .remove(&action.as_any().type_id())
3375                    .unwrap_or_default(),
3376            );
3377
3378            self.global_action_listeners
3379                .insert(action.as_any().type_id(), global_listeners);
3380        }
3381    }
3382
3383    /// Register the given handler to be invoked whenever the global of the given type
3384    /// is updated.
3385    pub fn observe_global<G: Global>(
3386        &mut self,
3387        f: impl Fn(&mut WindowContext<'_>) + 'static,
3388    ) -> Subscription {
3389        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
3390        let (subscription, activate) = self.global_observers.insert(
3391            TypeId::of::<G>(),
3392            Box::new(move |cx| window_handle.update(cx, |_, cx| f(cx)).is_ok()),
3393        );
3394        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
3395        subscription
3396    }
3397
3398    /// Focus the current window and bring it to the foreground at the platform level.
3399    pub fn activate_window(&self) {
3400        self.window.platform_window.activate();
3401    }
3402
3403    /// Minimize the current window at the platform level.
3404    pub fn minimize_window(&self) {
3405        self.window.platform_window.minimize();
3406    }
3407
3408    /// Toggle full screen status on the current window at the platform level.
3409    pub fn toggle_fullscreen(&self) {
3410        self.window.platform_window.toggle_fullscreen();
3411    }
3412
3413    /// Present a platform dialog.
3414    /// The provided message will be presented, along with buttons for each answer.
3415    /// When a button is clicked, the returned Receiver will receive the index of the clicked button.
3416    pub fn prompt(
3417        &mut self,
3418        level: PromptLevel,
3419        message: &str,
3420        detail: Option<&str>,
3421        answers: &[&str],
3422    ) -> oneshot::Receiver<usize> {
3423        let prompt_builder = self.app.prompt_builder.take();
3424        let Some(prompt_builder) = prompt_builder else {
3425            unreachable!("Re-entrant window prompting is not supported by GPUI");
3426        };
3427
3428        let receiver = match &prompt_builder {
3429            PromptBuilder::Default => self
3430                .window
3431                .platform_window
3432                .prompt(level, message, detail, answers)
3433                .unwrap_or_else(|| {
3434                    self.build_custom_prompt(&prompt_builder, level, message, detail, answers)
3435                }),
3436            PromptBuilder::Custom(_) => {
3437                self.build_custom_prompt(&prompt_builder, level, message, detail, answers)
3438            }
3439        };
3440
3441        self.app.prompt_builder = Some(prompt_builder);
3442
3443        receiver
3444    }
3445
3446    fn build_custom_prompt(
3447        &mut self,
3448        prompt_builder: &PromptBuilder,
3449        level: PromptLevel,
3450        message: &str,
3451        detail: Option<&str>,
3452        answers: &[&str],
3453    ) -> oneshot::Receiver<usize> {
3454        let (sender, receiver) = oneshot::channel();
3455        let handle = PromptHandle::new(sender);
3456        let handle = (prompt_builder)(level, message, detail, answers, handle, self);
3457        self.window.prompt = Some(handle);
3458        receiver
3459    }
3460
3461    /// Returns all available actions for the focused element.
3462    pub fn available_actions(&self) -> Vec<Box<dyn Action>> {
3463        let node_id = self
3464            .window
3465            .focus
3466            .and_then(|focus_id| {
3467                self.window
3468                    .rendered_frame
3469                    .dispatch_tree
3470                    .focusable_node_id(focus_id)
3471            })
3472            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
3473
3474        let mut actions = self
3475            .window
3476            .rendered_frame
3477            .dispatch_tree
3478            .available_actions(node_id);
3479        for action_type in self.global_action_listeners.keys() {
3480            if let Err(ix) = actions.binary_search_by_key(action_type, |a| a.as_any().type_id()) {
3481                let action = self.actions.build_action_type(action_type).ok();
3482                if let Some(action) = action {
3483                    actions.insert(ix, action);
3484                }
3485            }
3486        }
3487        actions
3488    }
3489
3490    /// Returns key bindings that invoke the given action on the currently focused element.
3491    pub fn bindings_for_action(&self, action: &dyn Action) -> Vec<KeyBinding> {
3492        self.window
3493            .rendered_frame
3494            .dispatch_tree
3495            .bindings_for_action(
3496                action,
3497                &self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.context_stack,
3498            )
3499    }
3500
3501    /// Returns any bindings that would invoke the given action on the given focus handle if it were focused.
3502    pub fn bindings_for_action_in(
3503        &self,
3504        action: &dyn Action,
3505        focus_handle: &FocusHandle,
3506    ) -> Vec<KeyBinding> {
3507        let dispatch_tree = &self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree;
3508
3509        let Some(node_id) = dispatch_tree.focusable_node_id(focus_handle.id) else {
3510            return vec![];
3511        };
3512        let context_stack: Vec<_> = dispatch_tree
3513            .dispatch_path(node_id)
3514            .into_iter()
3515            .filter_map(|node_id| dispatch_tree.node(node_id).context.clone())
3516            .collect();
3517        dispatch_tree.bindings_for_action(action, &context_stack)
3518    }
3519
3520    /// Returns a generic event listener that invokes the given listener with the view and context associated with the given view handle.
3521    pub fn listener_for<V: Render, E>(
3522        &self,
3523        view: &View<V>,
3524        f: impl Fn(&mut V, &E, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
3525    ) -> impl Fn(&E, &mut WindowContext) + 'static {
3526        let view = view.downgrade();
3527        move |e: &E, cx: &mut WindowContext| {
3528            view.update(cx, |view, cx| f(view, e, cx)).ok();
3529        }
3530    }
3531
3532    /// Returns a generic handler that invokes the given handler with the view and context associated with the given view handle.
3533    pub fn handler_for<V: Render>(
3534        &self,
3535        view: &View<V>,
3536        f: impl Fn(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
3537    ) -> impl Fn(&mut WindowContext) {
3538        let view = view.downgrade();
3539        move |cx: &mut WindowContext| {
3540            view.update(cx, |view, cx| f(view, cx)).ok();
3541        }
3542    }
3543
3544    /// Register a callback that can interrupt the closing of the current window based the returned boolean.
3545    /// If the callback returns false, the window won't be closed.
3546    pub fn on_window_should_close(&mut self, f: impl Fn(&mut WindowContext) -> bool + 'static) {
3547        let mut this = self.to_async();
3548        self.window
3549            .platform_window
3550            .on_should_close(Box::new(move || this.update(|cx| f(cx)).unwrap_or(true)))
3551    }
3552
3553    /// Register an action listener on the window for the next frame. The type of action
3554    /// is determined by the first parameter of the given listener. When the next frame is rendered
3555    /// the listener will be cleared.
3556    ///
3557    /// This is a fairly low-level method, so prefer using action handlers on elements unless you have
3558    /// a specific need to register a global listener.
3559    pub fn on_action(
3560        &mut self,
3561        action_type: TypeId,
3562        listener: impl Fn(&dyn Any, DispatchPhase, &mut WindowContext) + 'static,
3563    ) {
3564        self.window
3565            .next_frame
3566            .dispatch_tree
3567            .on_action(action_type, Rc::new(listener));
3568    }
3569}
3570
3571#[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
3572impl WindowContext<'_> {
3573    /// Returns the raw HWND handle for the window.
3574    pub fn get_raw_handle(&self) -> windows::Win32::Foundation::HWND {
3575        self.window.platform_window.get_raw_handle()
3576    }
3577}
3578
3579impl Context for WindowContext<'_> {
3580    type Result<T> = T;
3581
3582    fn new_model<T>(&mut self, build_model: impl FnOnce(&mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> T) -> Model<T>
3583    where
3584        T: 'static,
3585    {
3586        let slot = self.app.entities.reserve();
3587        let model = build_model(&mut ModelContext::new(&mut *self.app, slot.downgrade()));
3588        self.entities.insert(slot, model)
3589    }
3590
3591    fn reserve_model<T: 'static>(&mut self) -> Self::Result<crate::Reservation<T>> {
3592        self.app.reserve_model()
3593    }
3594
3595    fn insert_model<T: 'static>(
3596        &mut self,
3597        reservation: crate::Reservation<T>,
3598        build_model: impl FnOnce(&mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> T,
3599    ) -> Self::Result<Model<T>> {
3600        self.app.insert_model(reservation, build_model)
3601    }
3602
3603    fn update_model<T: 'static, R>(
3604        &mut self,
3605        model: &Model<T>,
3606        update: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> R,
3607    ) -> R {
3608        let mut entity = self.entities.lease(model);
3609        let result = update(
3610            &mut *entity,
3611            &mut ModelContext::new(&mut *self.app, model.downgrade()),
3612        );
3613        self.entities.end_lease(entity);
3614        result
3615    }
3616
3617    fn read_model<T, R>(
3618        &self,
3619        handle: &Model<T>,
3620        read: impl FnOnce(&T, &AppContext) -> R,
3621    ) -> Self::Result<R>
3622    where
3623        T: 'static,
3624    {
3625        let entity = self.entities.read(handle);
3626        read(entity, &*self.app)
3627    }
3628
3629    fn update_window<T, F>(&mut self, window: AnyWindowHandle, update: F) -> Result<T>
3630    where
3631        F: FnOnce(AnyView, &mut WindowContext<'_>) -> T,
3632    {
3633        if window == self.window.handle {
3634            let root_view = self.window.root_view.clone().unwrap();
3635            Ok(update(root_view, self))
3636        } else {
3637            window.update(self.app, update)
3638        }
3639    }
3640
3641    fn read_window<T, R>(
3642        &self,
3643        window: &WindowHandle<T>,
3644        read: impl FnOnce(View<T>, &AppContext) -> R,
3645    ) -> Result<R>
3646    where
3647        T: 'static,
3648    {
3649        if window.any_handle == self.window.handle {
3650            let root_view = self
3651                .window
3652                .root_view
3653                .clone()
3654                .unwrap()
3655                .downcast::<T>()
3656                .map_err(|_| anyhow!("the type of the window's root view has changed"))?;
3657            Ok(read(root_view, self))
3658        } else {
3659            self.app.read_window(window, read)
3660        }
3661    }
3662}
3663
3664impl VisualContext for WindowContext<'_> {
3665    fn new_view<V>(
3666        &mut self,
3667        build_view_state: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, V>) -> V,
3668    ) -> Self::Result<View<V>>
3669    where
3670        V: 'static + Render,
3671    {
3672        let slot = self.app.entities.reserve();
3673        let view = View {
3674            model: slot.clone(),
3675        };
3676        let mut cx = ViewContext::new(&mut *self.app, &mut *self.window, &view);
3677        let entity = build_view_state(&mut cx);
3678        cx.entities.insert(slot, entity);
3679
3680        // Non-generic part to avoid leaking SubscriberSet to invokers of `new_view`.
3681        fn notify_observers(cx: &mut WindowContext, tid: TypeId, view: AnyView) {
3682            cx.new_view_observers.clone().retain(&tid, |observer| {
3683                let any_view = view.clone();
3684                (observer)(any_view, cx);
3685                true
3686            });
3687        }
3688        notify_observers(self, TypeId::of::<V>(), AnyView::from(view.clone()));
3689
3690        view
3691    }
3692
3693    /// Updates the given view. Prefer calling [`View::update`] instead, which calls this method.
3694    fn update_view<T: 'static, R>(
3695        &mut self,
3696        view: &View<T>,
3697        update: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut ViewContext<'_, T>) -> R,
3698    ) -> Self::Result<R> {
3699        let mut lease = self.app.entities.lease(&view.model);
3700        let mut cx = ViewContext::new(&mut *self.app, &mut *self.window, view);
3701        let result = update(&mut *lease, &mut cx);
3702        cx.app.entities.end_lease(lease);
3703        result
3704    }
3705
3706    fn replace_root_view<V>(
3707        &mut self,
3708        build_view: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, V>) -> V,
3709    ) -> Self::Result<View<V>>
3710    where
3711        V: 'static + Render,
3712    {
3713        let view = self.new_view(build_view);
3714        self.window.root_view = Some(view.clone().into());
3715        self.refresh();
3716        view
3717    }
3718
3719    fn focus_view<V: crate::FocusableView>(&mut self, view: &View<V>) -> Self::Result<()> {
3720        self.update_view(view, |view, cx| {
3721            view.focus_handle(cx).clone().focus(cx);
3722        })
3723    }
3724
3725    fn dismiss_view<V>(&mut self, view: &View<V>) -> Self::Result<()>
3726    where
3727        V: ManagedView,
3728    {
3729        self.update_view(view, |_, cx| cx.emit(DismissEvent))
3730    }
3731}
3732
3733impl<'a> std::ops::Deref for WindowContext<'a> {
3734    type Target = AppContext;
3735
3736    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
3737        self.app
3738    }
3739}
3740
3741impl<'a> std::ops::DerefMut for WindowContext<'a> {
3742    fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
3743        self.app
3744    }
3745}
3746
3747impl<'a> Borrow<AppContext> for WindowContext<'a> {
3748    fn borrow(&self) -> &AppContext {
3749        self.app
3750    }
3751}
3752
3753impl<'a> BorrowMut<AppContext> for WindowContext<'a> {
3754    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut AppContext {
3755        self.app
3756    }
3757}
3758
3759/// This trait contains functionality that is shared across [`ViewContext`] and [`WindowContext`]
3760pub trait BorrowWindow: BorrowMut<Window> + BorrowMut<AppContext> {
3761    #[doc(hidden)]
3762    fn app_mut(&mut self) -> &mut AppContext {
3763        self.borrow_mut()
3764    }
3765
3766    #[doc(hidden)]
3767    fn app(&self) -> &AppContext {
3768        self.borrow()
3769    }
3770
3771    #[doc(hidden)]
3772    fn window(&self) -> &Window {
3773        self.borrow()
3774    }
3775
3776    #[doc(hidden)]
3777    fn window_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Window {
3778        self.borrow_mut()
3779    }
3780}
3781
3782impl Borrow<Window> for WindowContext<'_> {
3783    fn borrow(&self) -> &Window {
3784        self.window
3785    }
3786}
3787
3788impl BorrowMut<Window> for WindowContext<'_> {
3789    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Window {
3790        self.window
3791    }
3792}
3793
3794impl<T> BorrowWindow for T where T: BorrowMut<AppContext> + BorrowMut<Window> {}
3795
3796/// Provides access to application state that is specialized for a particular [`View`].
3797/// Allows you to interact with focus, emit events, etc.
3798/// ViewContext also derefs to [`WindowContext`], giving you access to all of its methods as well.
3799/// When you call [`View::update`], you're passed a `&mut V` and an `&mut ViewContext<V>`.
3800pub struct ViewContext<'a, V> {
3801    window_cx: WindowContext<'a>,
3802    view: &'a View<V>,
3803}
3804
3805impl<V> Borrow<AppContext> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
3806    fn borrow(&self) -> &AppContext {
3807        &*self.window_cx.app
3808    }
3809}
3810
3811impl<V> BorrowMut<AppContext> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
3812    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut AppContext {
3813        &mut *self.window_cx.app
3814    }
3815}
3816
3817impl<V> Borrow<Window> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
3818    fn borrow(&self) -> &Window {
3819        &*self.window_cx.window
3820    }
3821}
3822
3823impl<V> BorrowMut<Window> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
3824    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Window {
3825        &mut *self.window_cx.window
3826    }
3827}
3828
3829impl<'a, V: 'static> ViewContext<'a, V> {
3830    pub(crate) fn new(app: &'a mut AppContext, window: &'a mut Window, view: &'a View<V>) -> Self {
3831        Self {
3832            window_cx: WindowContext::new(app, window),
3833            view,
3834        }
3835    }
3836
3837    /// Get the entity_id of this view.
3838    pub fn entity_id(&self) -> EntityId {
3839        self.view.entity_id()
3840    }
3841
3842    /// Get the view pointer underlying this context.
3843    pub fn view(&self) -> &View<V> {
3844        self.view
3845    }
3846
3847    /// Get the model underlying this view.
3848    pub fn model(&self) -> &Model<V> {
3849        &self.view.model
3850    }
3851
3852    /// Access the underlying window context.
3853    pub fn window_context(&mut self) -> &mut WindowContext<'a> {
3854        &mut self.window_cx
3855    }
3856
3857    /// Sets a given callback to be run on the next frame.
3858    pub fn on_next_frame(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static)
3859    where
3860        V: 'static,
3861    {
3862        let view = self.view().clone();
3863        self.window_cx.on_next_frame(move |cx| view.update(cx, f));
3864    }
3865
3866    /// Schedules the given function to be run at the end of the current effect cycle, allowing entities
3867    /// that are currently on the stack to be returned to the app.
3868    pub fn defer(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static) {
3869        let view = self.view().downgrade();
3870        self.window_cx.defer(move |cx| {
3871            view.update(cx, f).ok();
3872        });
3873    }
3874
3875    /// Observe another model or view for changes to its state, as tracked by [`ModelContext::notify`].
3876    pub fn observe<V2, E>(
3877        &mut self,
3878        entity: &E,
3879        mut on_notify: impl FnMut(&mut V, E, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
3880    ) -> Subscription
3881    where
3882        V2: 'static,
3883        V: 'static,
3884        E: Entity<V2>,
3885    {
3886        let view = self.view().downgrade();
3887        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
3888        let entity = entity.downgrade();
3889        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
3890        self.app.new_observer(
3891            entity_id,
3892            Box::new(move |cx| {
3893                window_handle
3894                    .update(cx, |_, cx| {
3895                        if let Some(handle) = E::upgrade_from(&entity) {
3896                            view.update(cx, |this, cx| on_notify(this, handle, cx))
3897                                .is_ok()
3898                        } else {
3899                            false
3900                        }
3901                    })
3902                    .unwrap_or(false)
3903            }),
3904        )
3905    }
3906
3907    /// Subscribe to events emitted by another model or view.
3908    /// The entity to which you're subscribing must implement the [`EventEmitter`] trait.
3909    /// The callback will be invoked with a reference to the current view, a handle to the emitting entity (either a [`View`] or [`Model`]), the event, and a view context for the current view.
3910    pub fn subscribe<V2, E, Evt>(
3911        &mut self,
3912        entity: &E,
3913        mut on_event: impl FnMut(&mut V, E, &Evt, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
3914    ) -> Subscription
3915    where
3916        V2: EventEmitter<Evt>,
3917        E: Entity<V2>,
3918        Evt: 'static,
3919    {
3920        let view = self.view().downgrade();
3921        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
3922        let handle = entity.downgrade();
3923        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
3924        self.app.new_subscription(
3925            entity_id,
3926            (
3927                TypeId::of::<Evt>(),
3928                Box::new(move |event, cx| {
3929                    window_handle
3930                        .update(cx, |_, cx| {
3931                            if let Some(handle) = E::upgrade_from(&handle) {
3932                                let event = event.downcast_ref().expect("invalid event type");
3933                                view.update(cx, |this, cx| on_event(this, handle, event, cx))
3934                                    .is_ok()
3935                            } else {
3936                                false
3937                            }
3938                        })
3939                        .unwrap_or(false)
3940                }),
3941            ),
3942        )
3943    }
3944
3945    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the view is released.
3946    ///
3947    /// The callback receives a handle to the view's window. This handle may be
3948    /// invalid, if the window was closed before the view was released.
3949    pub fn on_release(
3950        &mut self,
3951        on_release: impl FnOnce(&mut V, AnyWindowHandle, &mut AppContext) + 'static,
3952    ) -> Subscription {
3953        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
3954        let (subscription, activate) = self.app.release_listeners.insert(
3955            self.view.model.entity_id,
3956            Box::new(move |this, cx| {
3957                let this = this.downcast_mut().expect("invalid entity type");
3958                on_release(this, window_handle, cx)
3959            }),
3960        );
3961        activate();
3962        subscription
3963    }
3964
3965    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the given Model or View is released.
3966    pub fn observe_release<V2, E>(
3967        &mut self,
3968        entity: &E,
3969        mut on_release: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut V2, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
3970    ) -> Subscription
3971    where
3972        V: 'static,
3973        V2: 'static,
3974        E: Entity<V2>,
3975    {
3976        let view = self.view().downgrade();
3977        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
3978        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
3979        let (subscription, activate) = self.app.release_listeners.insert(
3980            entity_id,
3981            Box::new(move |entity, cx| {
3982                let entity = entity.downcast_mut().expect("invalid entity type");
3983                let _ = window_handle.update(cx, |_, cx| {
3984                    view.update(cx, |this, cx| on_release(this, entity, cx))
3985                });
3986            }),
3987        );
3988        activate();
3989        subscription
3990    }
3991
3992    /// Indicate that this view has changed, which will invoke any observers and also mark the window as dirty.
3993    /// If this view or any of its ancestors are *cached*, notifying it will cause it or its ancestors to be redrawn.
3994    pub fn notify(&mut self) {
3995        self.window_cx.notify(self.view.entity_id());
3996    }
3997
3998    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the window is resized.
3999    pub fn observe_window_bounds(
4000        &mut self,
4001        mut callback: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4002    ) -> Subscription {
4003        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4004        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.bounds_observers.insert(
4005            (),
4006            Box::new(move |cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| callback(view, cx)).is_ok()),
4007        );
4008        activate();
4009        subscription
4010    }
4011
4012    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the window is activated or deactivated.
4013    pub fn observe_window_activation(
4014        &mut self,
4015        mut callback: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4016    ) -> Subscription {
4017        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4018        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.activation_observers.insert(
4019            (),
4020            Box::new(move |cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| callback(view, cx)).is_ok()),
4021        );
4022        activate();
4023        subscription
4024    }
4025
4026    /// Registers a callback to be invoked when the window appearance changes.
4027    pub fn observe_window_appearance(
4028        &mut self,
4029        mut callback: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4030    ) -> Subscription {
4031        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4032        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.appearance_observers.insert(
4033            (),
4034            Box::new(move |cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| callback(view, cx)).is_ok()),
4035        );
4036        activate();
4037        subscription
4038    }
4039
4040    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle receives focus.
4041    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
4042    pub fn on_focus(
4043        &mut self,
4044        handle: &FocusHandle,
4045        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4046    ) -> Subscription {
4047        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4048        let focus_id = handle.id;
4049        let (subscription, activate) =
4050            self.window.new_focus_listener(Box::new(move |event, cx| {
4051                view.update(cx, |view, cx| {
4052                    if event.previous_focus_path.last() != Some(&focus_id)
4053                        && event.current_focus_path.last() == Some(&focus_id)
4054                    {
4055                        listener(view, cx)
4056                    }
4057                })
4058                .is_ok()
4059            }));
4060        self.app.defer(|_| activate());
4061        subscription
4062    }
4063
4064    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle or one of its descendants receives focus.
4065    /// This does not fire if the given focus handle - or one of its descendants - was previously focused.
4066    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
4067    pub fn on_focus_in(
4068        &mut self,
4069        handle: &FocusHandle,
4070        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4071    ) -> Subscription {
4072        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4073        let focus_id = handle.id;
4074        let (subscription, activate) =
4075            self.window.new_focus_listener(Box::new(move |event, cx| {
4076                view.update(cx, |view, cx| {
4077                    if !event.previous_focus_path.contains(&focus_id)
4078                        && event.current_focus_path.contains(&focus_id)
4079                    {
4080                        listener(view, cx)
4081                    }
4082                })
4083                .is_ok()
4084            }));
4085        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
4086        subscription
4087    }
4088
4089    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle loses focus.
4090    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
4091    pub fn on_blur(
4092        &mut self,
4093        handle: &FocusHandle,
4094        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4095    ) -> Subscription {
4096        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4097        let focus_id = handle.id;
4098        let (subscription, activate) =
4099            self.window.new_focus_listener(Box::new(move |event, cx| {
4100                view.update(cx, |view, cx| {
4101                    if event.previous_focus_path.last() == Some(&focus_id)
4102                        && event.current_focus_path.last() != Some(&focus_id)
4103                    {
4104                        listener(view, cx)
4105                    }
4106                })
4107                .is_ok()
4108            }));
4109        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
4110        subscription
4111    }
4112
4113    /// Register a listener to be called when nothing in the window has focus.
4114    /// This typically happens when the node that was focused is removed from the tree,
4115    /// and this callback lets you chose a default place to restore the users focus.
4116    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
4117    pub fn on_focus_lost(
4118        &mut self,
4119        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4120    ) -> Subscription {
4121        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4122        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.focus_lost_listeners.insert(
4123            (),
4124            Box::new(move |cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| listener(view, cx)).is_ok()),
4125        );
4126        activate();
4127        subscription
4128    }
4129
4130    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle or one of its descendants loses focus.
4131    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
4132    pub fn on_focus_out(
4133        &mut self,
4134        handle: &FocusHandle,
4135        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, FocusOutEvent, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4136    ) -> Subscription {
4137        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4138        let focus_id = handle.id;
4139        let (subscription, activate) =
4140            self.window.new_focus_listener(Box::new(move |event, cx| {
4141                view.update(cx, |view, cx| {
4142                    if let Some(blurred_id) = event.previous_focus_path.last().copied() {
4143                        if event.previous_focus_path.contains(&focus_id)
4144                            && !event.current_focus_path.contains(&focus_id)
4145                        {
4146                            let event = FocusOutEvent {
4147                                blurred: WeakFocusHandle {
4148                                    id: blurred_id,
4149                                    handles: Arc::downgrade(&cx.window.focus_handles),
4150                                },
4151                            };
4152                            listener(view, event, cx)
4153                        }
4154                    }
4155                })
4156                .is_ok()
4157            }));
4158        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
4159        subscription
4160    }
4161
4162    /// Schedule a future to be run asynchronously.
4163    /// The given callback is invoked with a [`WeakView<V>`] to avoid leaking the view for a long-running process.
4164    /// It's also given an [`AsyncWindowContext`], which can be used to access the state of the view across await points.
4165    /// The returned future will be polled on the main thread.
4166    pub fn spawn<Fut, R>(
4167        &mut self,
4168        f: impl FnOnce(WeakView<V>, AsyncWindowContext) -> Fut,
4169    ) -> Task<R>
4170    where
4171        R: 'static,
4172        Fut: Future<Output = R> + 'static,
4173    {
4174        let view = self.view().downgrade();
4175        self.window_cx.spawn(|cx| f(view, cx))
4176    }
4177
4178    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the given global state changes.
4179    pub fn observe_global<G: Global>(
4180        &mut self,
4181        mut f: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
4182    ) -> Subscription {
4183        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
4184        let view = self.view().downgrade();
4185        let (subscription, activate) = self.global_observers.insert(
4186            TypeId::of::<G>(),
4187            Box::new(move |cx| {
4188                window_handle
4189                    .update(cx, |_, cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| f(view, cx)).is_ok())
4190                    .unwrap_or(false)
4191            }),
4192        );
4193        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
4194        subscription
4195    }
4196
4197    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the given Action type is dispatched to the window.
4198    pub fn on_action(
4199        &mut self,
4200        action_type: TypeId,
4201        listener: impl Fn(&mut V, &dyn Any, DispatchPhase, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4202    ) {
4203        let handle = self.view().clone();
4204        self.window_cx
4205            .on_action(action_type, move |action, phase, cx| {
4206                handle.update(cx, |view, cx| {
4207                    listener(view, action, phase, cx);
4208                })
4209            });
4210    }
4211
4212    /// Emit an event to be handled by any other views that have subscribed via [ViewContext::subscribe].
4213    pub fn emit<Evt>(&mut self, event: Evt)
4214    where
4215        Evt: 'static,
4216        V: EventEmitter<Evt>,
4217    {
4218        let emitter = self.view.model.entity_id;
4219        self.app.push_effect(Effect::Emit {
4220            emitter,
4221            event_type: TypeId::of::<Evt>(),
4222            event: Box::new(event),
4223        });
4224    }
4225
4226    /// Move focus to the current view, assuming it implements [`FocusableView`].
4227    pub fn focus_self(&mut self)
4228    where
4229        V: FocusableView,
4230    {
4231        self.defer(|view, cx| view.focus_handle(cx).focus(cx))
4232    }
4233
4234    /// Convenience method for accessing view state in an event callback.
4235    ///
4236    /// Many GPUI callbacks take the form of `Fn(&E, &mut WindowContext)`,
4237    /// but it's often useful to be able to access view state in these
4238    /// callbacks. This method provides a convenient way to do so.
4239    pub fn listener<E>(
4240        &self,
4241        f: impl Fn(&mut V, &E, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4242    ) -> impl Fn(&E, &mut WindowContext) + 'static {
4243        let view = self.view().downgrade();
4244        move |e: &E, cx: &mut WindowContext| {
4245            view.update(cx, |view, cx| f(view, e, cx)).ok();
4246        }
4247    }
4248}
4249
4250impl<V> Context for ViewContext<'_, V> {
4251    type Result<U> = U;
4252
4253    fn new_model<T: 'static>(
4254        &mut self,
4255        build_model: impl FnOnce(&mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> T,
4256    ) -> Model<T> {
4257        self.window_cx.new_model(build_model)
4258    }
4259
4260    fn reserve_model<T: 'static>(&mut self) -> Self::Result<crate::Reservation<T>> {
4261        self.window_cx.reserve_model()
4262    }
4263
4264    fn insert_model<T: 'static>(
4265        &mut self,
4266        reservation: crate::Reservation<T>,
4267        build_model: impl FnOnce(&mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> T,
4268    ) -> Self::Result<Model<T>> {
4269        self.window_cx.insert_model(reservation, build_model)
4270    }
4271
4272    fn update_model<T: 'static, R>(
4273        &mut self,
4274        model: &Model<T>,
4275        update: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> R,
4276    ) -> R {
4277        self.window_cx.update_model(model, update)
4278    }
4279
4280    fn read_model<T, R>(
4281        &self,
4282        handle: &Model<T>,
4283        read: impl FnOnce(&T, &AppContext) -> R,
4284    ) -> Self::Result<R>
4285    where
4286        T: 'static,
4287    {
4288        self.window_cx.read_model(handle, read)
4289    }
4290
4291    fn update_window<T, F>(&mut self, window: AnyWindowHandle, update: F) -> Result<T>
4292    where
4293        F: FnOnce(AnyView, &mut WindowContext<'_>) -> T,
4294    {
4295        self.window_cx.update_window(window, update)
4296    }
4297
4298    fn read_window<T, R>(
4299        &self,
4300        window: &WindowHandle<T>,
4301        read: impl FnOnce(View<T>, &AppContext) -> R,
4302    ) -> Result<R>
4303    where
4304        T: 'static,
4305    {
4306        self.window_cx.read_window(window, read)
4307    }
4308}
4309
4310impl<V: 'static> VisualContext for ViewContext<'_, V> {
4311    fn new_view<W: Render + 'static>(
4312        &mut self,
4313        build_view_state: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, W>) -> W,
4314    ) -> Self::Result<View<W>> {
4315        self.window_cx.new_view(build_view_state)
4316    }
4317
4318    fn update_view<V2: 'static, R>(
4319        &mut self,
4320        view: &View<V2>,
4321        update: impl FnOnce(&mut V2, &mut ViewContext<'_, V2>) -> R,
4322    ) -> Self::Result<R> {
4323        self.window_cx.update_view(view, update)
4324    }
4325
4326    fn replace_root_view<W>(
4327        &mut self,
4328        build_view: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, W>) -> W,
4329    ) -> Self::Result<View<W>>
4330    where
4331        W: 'static + Render,
4332    {
4333        self.window_cx.replace_root_view(build_view)
4334    }
4335
4336    fn focus_view<W: FocusableView>(&mut self, view: &View<W>) -> Self::Result<()> {
4337        self.window_cx.focus_view(view)
4338    }
4339
4340    fn dismiss_view<W: ManagedView>(&mut self, view: &View<W>) -> Self::Result<()> {
4341        self.window_cx.dismiss_view(view)
4342    }
4343}
4344
4345impl<'a, V> std::ops::Deref for ViewContext<'a, V> {
4346    type Target = WindowContext<'a>;
4347
4348    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
4349        &self.window_cx
4350    }
4351}
4352
4353impl<'a, V> std::ops::DerefMut for ViewContext<'a, V> {
4354    fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
4355        &mut self.window_cx
4356    }
4357}
4358
4359// #[derive(Clone, Copy, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
4360slotmap::new_key_type! {
4361    /// A unique identifier for a window.
4362    pub struct WindowId;
4363}
4364
4365impl WindowId {
4366    /// Converts this window ID to a `u64`.
4367    pub fn as_u64(&self) -> u64 {
4368        self.0.as_ffi()
4369    }
4370}
4371
4372/// A handle to a window with a specific root view type.
4373/// Note that this does not keep the window alive on its own.
4374#[derive(Deref, DerefMut)]
4375pub struct WindowHandle<V> {
4376    #[deref]
4377    #[deref_mut]
4378    pub(crate) any_handle: AnyWindowHandle,
4379    state_type: PhantomData<V>,
4380}
4381
4382impl<V: 'static + Render> WindowHandle<V> {
4383    /// Creates a new handle from a window ID.
4384    /// This does not check if the root type of the window is `V`.
4385    pub fn new(id: WindowId) -> Self {
4386        WindowHandle {
4387            any_handle: AnyWindowHandle {
4388                id,
4389                state_type: TypeId::of::<V>(),
4390            },
4391            state_type: PhantomData,
4392        }
4393    }
4394
4395    /// Get the root view out of this window.
4396    ///
4397    /// This will fail if the window is closed or if the root view's type does not match `V`.
4398    pub fn root<C>(&self, cx: &mut C) -> Result<View<V>>
4399    where
4400        C: Context,
4401    {
4402        Flatten::flatten(cx.update_window(self.any_handle, |root_view, _| {
4403            root_view
4404                .downcast::<V>()
4405                .map_err(|_| anyhow!("the type of the window's root view has changed"))
4406        }))
4407    }
4408
4409    /// Updates the root view of this window.
4410    ///
4411    /// This will fail if the window has been closed or if the root view's type does not match
4412    pub fn update<C, R>(
4413        &self,
4414        cx: &mut C,
4415        update: impl FnOnce(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) -> R,
4416    ) -> Result<R>
4417    where
4418        C: Context,
4419    {
4420        cx.update_window(self.any_handle, |root_view, cx| {
4421            let view = root_view
4422                .downcast::<V>()
4423                .map_err(|_| anyhow!("the type of the window's root view has changed"))?;
4424            Ok(cx.update_view(&view, update))
4425        })?
4426    }
4427
4428    /// Read the root view out of this window.
4429    ///
4430    /// This will fail if the window is closed or if the root view's type does not match `V`.
4431    pub fn read<'a>(&self, cx: &'a AppContext) -> Result<&'a V> {
4432        let x = cx
4433            .windows
4434            .get(self.id)
4435            .and_then(|window| {
4436                window
4437                    .as_ref()
4438                    .and_then(|window| window.root_view.clone())
4439                    .map(|root_view| root_view.downcast::<V>())
4440            })
4441            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("window not found"))?
4442            .map_err(|_| anyhow!("the type of the window's root view has changed"))?;
4443
4444        Ok(x.read(cx))
4445    }
4446
4447    /// Read the root view out of this window, with a callback
4448    ///
4449    /// This will fail if the window is closed or if the root view's type does not match `V`.
4450    pub fn read_with<C, R>(&self, cx: &C, read_with: impl FnOnce(&V, &AppContext) -> R) -> Result<R>
4451    where
4452        C: Context,
4453    {
4454        cx.read_window(self, |root_view, cx| read_with(root_view.read(cx), cx))
4455    }
4456
4457    /// Read the root view pointer off of this window.
4458    ///
4459    /// This will fail if the window is closed or if the root view's type does not match `V`.
4460    pub fn root_view<C>(&self, cx: &C) -> Result<View<V>>
4461    where
4462        C: Context,
4463    {
4464        cx.read_window(self, |root_view, _cx| root_view.clone())
4465    }
4466
4467    /// Check if this window is 'active'.
4468    ///
4469    /// Will return `None` if the window is closed or currently
4470    /// borrowed.
4471    pub fn is_active(&self, cx: &mut AppContext) -> Option<bool> {
4472        cx.update_window(self.any_handle, |_, cx| cx.is_window_active())
4473            .ok()
4474    }
4475}
4476
4477impl<V> Copy for WindowHandle<V> {}
4478
4479impl<V> Clone for WindowHandle<V> {
4480    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
4481        *self
4482    }
4483}
4484
4485impl<V> PartialEq for WindowHandle<V> {
4486    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
4487        self.any_handle == other.any_handle
4488    }
4489}
4490
4491impl<V> Eq for WindowHandle<V> {}
4492
4493impl<V> Hash for WindowHandle<V> {
4494    fn hash<H: Hasher>(&self, state: &mut H) {
4495        self.any_handle.hash(state);
4496    }
4497}
4498
4499impl<V: 'static> From<WindowHandle<V>> for AnyWindowHandle {
4500    fn from(val: WindowHandle<V>) -> Self {
4501        val.any_handle
4502    }
4503}
4504
4505unsafe impl<V> Send for WindowHandle<V> {}
4506unsafe impl<V> Sync for WindowHandle<V> {}
4507
4508/// A handle to a window with any root view type, which can be downcast to a window with a specific root view type.
4509#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
4510pub struct AnyWindowHandle {
4511    pub(crate) id: WindowId,
4512    state_type: TypeId,
4513}
4514
4515impl AnyWindowHandle {
4516    /// Get the ID of this window.
4517    pub fn window_id(&self) -> WindowId {
4518        self.id
4519    }
4520
4521    /// Attempt to convert this handle to a window handle with a specific root view type.
4522    /// If the types do not match, this will return `None`.
4523    pub fn downcast<T: 'static>(&self) -> Option<WindowHandle<T>> {
4524        if TypeId::of::<T>() == self.state_type {
4525            Some(WindowHandle {
4526                any_handle: *self,
4527                state_type: PhantomData,
4528            })
4529        } else {
4530            None
4531        }
4532    }
4533
4534    /// Updates the state of the root view of this window.
4535    ///
4536    /// This will fail if the window has been closed.
4537    pub fn update<C, R>(
4538        self,
4539        cx: &mut C,
4540        update: impl FnOnce(AnyView, &mut WindowContext<'_>) -> R,
4541    ) -> Result<R>
4542    where
4543        C: Context,
4544    {
4545        cx.update_window(self, update)
4546    }
4547
4548    /// Read the state of the root view of this window.
4549    ///
4550    /// This will fail if the window has been closed.
4551    pub fn read<T, C, R>(self, cx: &C, read: impl FnOnce(View<T>, &AppContext) -> R) -> Result<R>
4552    where
4553        C: Context,
4554        T: 'static,
4555    {
4556        let view = self
4557            .downcast::<T>()
4558            .context("the type of the window's root view has changed")?;
4559
4560        cx.read_window(&view, read)
4561    }
4562}
4563
4564/// An identifier for an [`Element`](crate::Element).
4565///
4566/// Can be constructed with a string, a number, or both, as well
4567/// as other internal representations.
4568#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
4569pub enum ElementId {
4570    /// The ID of a View element
4571    View(EntityId),
4572    /// An integer ID.
4573    Integer(usize),
4574    /// A string based ID.
4575    Name(SharedString),
4576    /// A UUID.
4577    Uuid(Uuid),
4578    /// An ID that's equated with a focus handle.
4579    FocusHandle(FocusId),
4580    /// A combination of a name and an integer.
4581    NamedInteger(SharedString, usize),
4582}
4583
4584impl Display for ElementId {
4585    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
4586        match self {
4587            ElementId::View(entity_id) => write!(f, "view-{}", entity_id)?,
4588            ElementId::Integer(ix) => write!(f, "{}", ix)?,
4589            ElementId::Name(name) => write!(f, "{}", name)?,
4590            ElementId::FocusHandle(_) => write!(f, "FocusHandle")?,
4591            ElementId::NamedInteger(s, i) => write!(f, "{}-{}", s, i)?,
4592            ElementId::Uuid(uuid) => write!(f, "{}", uuid)?,
4593        }
4594
4595        Ok(())
4596    }
4597}
4598
4599impl TryInto<SharedString> for ElementId {
4600    type Error = anyhow::Error;
4601
4602    fn try_into(self) -> anyhow::Result<SharedString> {
4603        if let ElementId::Name(name) = self {
4604            Ok(name)
4605        } else {
4606            Err(anyhow!("element id is not string"))
4607        }
4608    }
4609}
4610
4611impl From<usize> for ElementId {
4612    fn from(id: usize) -> Self {
4613        ElementId::Integer(id)
4614    }
4615}
4616
4617impl From<i32> for ElementId {
4618    fn from(id: i32) -> Self {
4619        Self::Integer(id as usize)
4620    }
4621}
4622
4623impl From<SharedString> for ElementId {
4624    fn from(name: SharedString) -> Self {
4625        ElementId::Name(name)
4626    }
4627}
4628
4629impl From<&'static str> for ElementId {
4630    fn from(name: &'static str) -> Self {
4631        ElementId::Name(name.into())
4632    }
4633}
4634
4635impl<'a> From<&'a FocusHandle> for ElementId {
4636    fn from(handle: &'a FocusHandle) -> Self {
4637        ElementId::FocusHandle(handle.id)
4638    }
4639}
4640
4641impl From<(&'static str, EntityId)> for ElementId {
4642    fn from((name, id): (&'static str, EntityId)) -> Self {
4643        ElementId::NamedInteger(name.into(), id.as_u64() as usize)
4644    }
4645}
4646
4647impl From<(&'static str, usize)> for ElementId {
4648    fn from((name, id): (&'static str, usize)) -> Self {
4649        ElementId::NamedInteger(name.into(), id)
4650    }
4651}
4652
4653impl From<(&'static str, u64)> for ElementId {
4654    fn from((name, id): (&'static str, u64)) -> Self {
4655        ElementId::NamedInteger(name.into(), id as usize)
4656    }
4657}
4658
4659impl From<Uuid> for ElementId {
4660    fn from(value: Uuid) -> Self {
4661        Self::Uuid(value)
4662    }
4663}
4664
4665impl From<(&'static str, u32)> for ElementId {
4666    fn from((name, id): (&'static str, u32)) -> Self {
4667        ElementId::NamedInteger(name.into(), id as usize)
4668    }
4669}
4670
4671/// A rectangle to be rendered in the window at the given position and size.
4672/// Passed as an argument [`WindowContext::paint_quad`].
4673#[derive(Clone)]
4674pub struct PaintQuad {
4675    /// The bounds of the quad within the window.
4676    pub bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
4677    /// The radii of the quad's corners.
4678    pub corner_radii: Corners<Pixels>,
4679    /// The background color of the quad.
4680    pub background: Hsla,
4681    /// The widths of the quad's borders.
4682    pub border_widths: Edges<Pixels>,
4683    /// The color of the quad's borders.
4684    pub border_color: Hsla,
4685}
4686
4687impl PaintQuad {
4688    /// Sets the corner radii of the quad.
4689    pub fn corner_radii(self, corner_radii: impl Into<Corners<Pixels>>) -> Self {
4690        PaintQuad {
4691            corner_radii: corner_radii.into(),
4692            ..self
4693        }
4694    }
4695
4696    /// Sets the border widths of the quad.
4697    pub fn border_widths(self, border_widths: impl Into<Edges<Pixels>>) -> Self {
4698        PaintQuad {
4699            border_widths: border_widths.into(),
4700            ..self
4701        }
4702    }
4703
4704    /// Sets the border color of the quad.
4705    pub fn border_color(self, border_color: impl Into<Hsla>) -> Self {
4706        PaintQuad {
4707            border_color: border_color.into(),
4708            ..self
4709        }
4710    }
4711
4712    /// Sets the background color of the quad.
4713    pub fn background(self, background: impl Into<Hsla>) -> Self {
4714        PaintQuad {
4715            background: background.into(),
4716            ..self
4717        }
4718    }
4719}
4720
4721/// Creates a quad with the given parameters.
4722pub fn quad(
4723    bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
4724    corner_radii: impl Into<Corners<Pixels>>,
4725    background: impl Into<Hsla>,
4726    border_widths: impl Into<Edges<Pixels>>,
4727    border_color: impl Into<Hsla>,
4728) -> PaintQuad {
4729    PaintQuad {
4730        bounds,
4731        corner_radii: corner_radii.into(),
4732        background: background.into(),
4733        border_widths: border_widths.into(),
4734        border_color: border_color.into(),
4735    }
4736}
4737
4738/// Creates a filled quad with the given bounds and background color.
4739pub fn fill(bounds: impl Into<Bounds<Pixels>>, background: impl Into<Hsla>) -> PaintQuad {
4740    PaintQuad {
4741        bounds: bounds.into(),
4742        corner_radii: (0.).into(),
4743        background: background.into(),
4744        border_widths: (0.).into(),
4745        border_color: transparent_black(),
4746    }
4747}
4748
4749/// Creates a rectangle outline with the given bounds, border color, and a 1px border width
4750pub fn outline(bounds: impl Into<Bounds<Pixels>>, border_color: impl Into<Hsla>) -> PaintQuad {
4751    PaintQuad {
4752        bounds: bounds.into(),
4753        corner_radii: (0.).into(),
4754        background: transparent_black(),
4755        border_widths: (1.).into(),
4756        border_color: border_color.into(),
4757    }
4758}