window.rs

   1use crate::{
   2    px, size, transparent_black, Action, AnyDrag, AnyView, AppContext, Arena, AsyncWindowContext,
   3    AvailableSpace, Bounds, Context, Corners, CursorStyle, DispatchActionListener, DispatchNodeId,
   4    DispatchTree, DisplayId, Edges, Effect, Entity, EntityId, EventEmitter, FileDropEvent, Flatten,
   5    Global, GlobalElementId, Hsla, KeyBinding, KeyContext, KeyDownEvent, KeyMatch, KeymatchMode,
   6    KeymatchResult, Keystroke, KeystrokeEvent, Model, ModelContext, Modifiers, MouseButton,
   7    MouseMoveEvent, MouseUpEvent, Pixels, PlatformAtlas, PlatformDisplay, PlatformInput,
   8    PlatformWindow, Point, PromptLevel, Render, ScaledPixels, SharedString, Size, SubscriberSet,
   9    Subscription, TaffyLayoutEngine, Task, View, VisualContext, WeakView, WindowBounds,
  10    WindowOptions,
  11};
  12use anyhow::{anyhow, Context as _, Result};
  13use collections::FxHashSet;
  14use derive_more::{Deref, DerefMut};
  15use futures::{
  16    channel::{mpsc, oneshot},
  17    StreamExt,
  18};
  19use parking_lot::RwLock;
  20use slotmap::SlotMap;
  21use smallvec::SmallVec;
  22use std::{
  23    any::{Any, TypeId},
  24    borrow::{Borrow, BorrowMut},
  25    cell::{Cell, RefCell},
  26    collections::hash_map::Entry,
  27    fmt::{Debug, Display},
  28    future::Future,
  29    hash::{Hash, Hasher},
  30    marker::PhantomData,
  31    mem,
  32    rc::Rc,
  33    sync::{
  34        atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering::SeqCst},
  35        Arc,
  36    },
  37    time::{Duration, Instant},
  38};
  39use util::{measure, ResultExt};
  40
  41mod element_cx;
  42pub use element_cx::*;
  43
  44const ACTIVE_DRAG_Z_INDEX: u16 = 1;
  45
  46/// A global stacking order, which is created by stacking successive z-index values.
  47/// Each z-index will always be interpreted in the context of its parent z-index.
  48#[derive(Debug, Deref, DerefMut, Clone, Ord, PartialOrd, PartialEq, Eq, Default)]
  49pub struct StackingOrder(SmallVec<[StackingContext; 64]>);
  50
  51/// A single entry in a primitive's z-index stacking order
  52#[derive(Clone, Ord, PartialOrd, PartialEq, Eq, Default)]
  53pub struct StackingContext {
  54    pub(crate) z_index: u16,
  55    pub(crate) id: u16,
  56}
  57
  58impl std::fmt::Debug for StackingContext {
  59    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
  60        write!(f, "{{{}.{}}} ", self.z_index, self.id)
  61    }
  62}
  63
  64/// Represents the two different phases when dispatching events.
  65#[derive(Default, Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
  66pub enum DispatchPhase {
  67    /// After the capture phase comes the bubble phase, in which mouse event listeners are
  68    /// invoked front to back and keyboard event listeners are invoked from the focused element
  69    /// to the root of the element tree. This is the phase you'll most commonly want to use when
  70    /// registering event listeners.
  71    #[default]
  72    Bubble,
  73    /// During the initial capture phase, mouse event listeners are invoked back to front, and keyboard
  74    /// listeners are invoked from the root of the tree downward toward the focused element. This phase
  75    /// is used for special purposes such as clearing the "pressed" state for click events. If
  76    /// you stop event propagation during this phase, you need to know what you're doing. Handlers
  77    /// outside of the immediate region may rely on detecting non-local events during this phase.
  78    Capture,
  79}
  80
  81impl DispatchPhase {
  82    /// Returns true if this represents the "bubble" phase.
  83    pub fn bubble(self) -> bool {
  84        self == DispatchPhase::Bubble
  85    }
  86
  87    /// Returns true if this represents the "capture" phase.
  88    pub fn capture(self) -> bool {
  89        self == DispatchPhase::Capture
  90    }
  91}
  92
  93type AnyObserver = Box<dyn FnMut(&mut WindowContext) -> bool + 'static>;
  94
  95type AnyWindowFocusListener = Box<dyn FnMut(&FocusEvent, &mut WindowContext) -> bool + 'static>;
  96
  97struct FocusEvent {
  98    previous_focus_path: SmallVec<[FocusId; 8]>,
  99    current_focus_path: SmallVec<[FocusId; 8]>,
 100}
 101
 102slotmap::new_key_type! {
 103    /// A globally unique identifier for a focusable element.
 104    pub struct FocusId;
 105}
 106
 107thread_local! {
 108    pub(crate) static ELEMENT_ARENA: RefCell<Arena> = RefCell::new(Arena::new(8 * 1024 * 1024));
 109}
 110
 111impl FocusId {
 112    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle is currently focused.
 113    pub fn is_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 114        cx.window.focus == Some(*self)
 115    }
 116
 117    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle contains the focused
 118    /// element or is itself focused.
 119    pub fn contains_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 120        cx.focused()
 121            .map_or(false, |focused| self.contains(focused.id, cx))
 122    }
 123
 124    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle is contained within the
 125    /// focused element or is itself focused.
 126    pub fn within_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 127        let focused = cx.focused();
 128        focused.map_or(false, |focused| focused.id.contains(*self, cx))
 129    }
 130
 131    /// Obtains whether this handle contains the given handle in the most recently rendered frame.
 132    pub(crate) fn contains(&self, other: Self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 133        cx.window
 134            .rendered_frame
 135            .dispatch_tree
 136            .focus_contains(*self, other)
 137    }
 138}
 139
 140/// A handle which can be used to track and manipulate the focused element in a window.
 141pub struct FocusHandle {
 142    pub(crate) id: FocusId,
 143    handles: Arc<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>,
 144}
 145
 146impl std::fmt::Debug for FocusHandle {
 147    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
 148        f.write_fmt(format_args!("FocusHandle({:?})", self.id))
 149    }
 150}
 151
 152impl FocusHandle {
 153    pub(crate) fn new(handles: &Arc<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>) -> Self {
 154        let id = handles.write().insert(AtomicUsize::new(1));
 155        Self {
 156            id,
 157            handles: handles.clone(),
 158        }
 159    }
 160
 161    pub(crate) fn for_id(
 162        id: FocusId,
 163        handles: &Arc<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>,
 164    ) -> Option<Self> {
 165        let lock = handles.read();
 166        let ref_count = lock.get(id)?;
 167        if ref_count.load(SeqCst) == 0 {
 168            None
 169        } else {
 170            ref_count.fetch_add(1, SeqCst);
 171            Some(Self {
 172                id,
 173                handles: handles.clone(),
 174            })
 175        }
 176    }
 177
 178    /// Moves the focus to the element associated with this handle.
 179    pub fn focus(&self, cx: &mut WindowContext) {
 180        cx.focus(self)
 181    }
 182
 183    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle is currently focused.
 184    pub fn is_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 185        self.id.is_focused(cx)
 186    }
 187
 188    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle contains the focused
 189    /// element or is itself focused.
 190    pub fn contains_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 191        self.id.contains_focused(cx)
 192    }
 193
 194    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle is contained within the
 195    /// focused element or is itself focused.
 196    pub fn within_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 197        self.id.within_focused(cx)
 198    }
 199
 200    /// Obtains whether this handle contains the given handle in the most recently rendered frame.
 201    pub fn contains(&self, other: &Self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 202        self.id.contains(other.id, cx)
 203    }
 204}
 205
 206impl Clone for FocusHandle {
 207    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
 208        Self::for_id(self.id, &self.handles).unwrap()
 209    }
 210}
 211
 212impl PartialEq for FocusHandle {
 213    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
 214        self.id == other.id
 215    }
 216}
 217
 218impl Eq for FocusHandle {}
 219
 220impl Drop for FocusHandle {
 221    fn drop(&mut self) {
 222        self.handles
 223            .read()
 224            .get(self.id)
 225            .unwrap()
 226            .fetch_sub(1, SeqCst);
 227    }
 228}
 229
 230/// FocusableView allows users of your view to easily
 231/// focus it (using cx.focus_view(view))
 232pub trait FocusableView: 'static + Render {
 233    /// Returns the focus handle associated with this view.
 234    fn focus_handle(&self, cx: &AppContext) -> FocusHandle;
 235}
 236
 237/// ManagedView is a view (like a Modal, Popover, Menu, etc.)
 238/// where the lifecycle of the view is handled by another view.
 239pub trait ManagedView: FocusableView + EventEmitter<DismissEvent> {}
 240
 241impl<M: FocusableView + EventEmitter<DismissEvent>> ManagedView for M {}
 242
 243/// Emitted by implementers of [`ManagedView`] to indicate the view should be dismissed, such as when a view is presented as a modal.
 244pub struct DismissEvent;
 245
 246// Holds the state for a specific window.
 247#[doc(hidden)]
 248pub struct Window {
 249    pub(crate) handle: AnyWindowHandle,
 250    pub(crate) removed: bool,
 251    pub(crate) platform_window: Box<dyn PlatformWindow>,
 252    display_id: DisplayId,
 253    sprite_atlas: Arc<dyn PlatformAtlas>,
 254    pub(crate) rem_size: Pixels,
 255    pub(crate) viewport_size: Size<Pixels>,
 256    layout_engine: Option<TaffyLayoutEngine>,
 257    pub(crate) root_view: Option<AnyView>,
 258    pub(crate) element_id_stack: GlobalElementId,
 259    pub(crate) rendered_frame: Frame,
 260    pub(crate) next_frame: Frame,
 261    pub(crate) dirty_views: FxHashSet<EntityId>,
 262    pub(crate) focus_handles: Arc<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>,
 263    focus_listeners: SubscriberSet<(), AnyWindowFocusListener>,
 264    focus_lost_listeners: SubscriberSet<(), AnyObserver>,
 265    default_prevented: bool,
 266    mouse_position: Point<Pixels>,
 267    modifiers: Modifiers,
 268    scale_factor: f32,
 269    bounds: WindowBounds,
 270    bounds_observers: SubscriberSet<(), AnyObserver>,
 271    active: bool,
 272    pub(crate) dirty: Rc<Cell<bool>>,
 273    pub(crate) last_input_timestamp: Rc<Cell<Instant>>,
 274    pub(crate) refreshing: bool,
 275    pub(crate) drawing: bool,
 276    activation_observers: SubscriberSet<(), AnyObserver>,
 277    pub(crate) focus: Option<FocusId>,
 278    focus_enabled: bool,
 279    pending_input: Option<PendingInput>,
 280}
 281
 282#[derive(Default, Debug)]
 283struct PendingInput {
 284    keystrokes: SmallVec<[Keystroke; 1]>,
 285    bindings: SmallVec<[KeyBinding; 1]>,
 286    focus: Option<FocusId>,
 287    timer: Option<Task<()>>,
 288}
 289
 290impl PendingInput {
 291    fn is_noop(&self) -> bool {
 292        self.bindings.is_empty() && (self.keystrokes.iter().all(|k| k.ime_key.is_none()))
 293    }
 294
 295    fn input(&self) -> String {
 296        self.keystrokes
 297            .iter()
 298            .flat_map(|k| k.ime_key.clone())
 299            .collect::<Vec<String>>()
 300            .join("")
 301    }
 302
 303    fn used_by_binding(&self, binding: &KeyBinding) -> bool {
 304        if self.keystrokes.is_empty() {
 305            return true;
 306        }
 307        let keystroke = &self.keystrokes[0];
 308        for candidate in keystroke.match_candidates() {
 309            if binding.match_keystrokes(&[candidate]) == KeyMatch::Pending {
 310                return true;
 311            }
 312        }
 313        false
 314    }
 315}
 316
 317pub(crate) struct ElementStateBox {
 318    pub(crate) inner: Box<dyn Any>,
 319    pub(crate) parent_view_id: EntityId,
 320    #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
 321    pub(crate) type_name: &'static str,
 322}
 323
 324impl Window {
 325    pub(crate) fn new(
 326        handle: AnyWindowHandle,
 327        options: WindowOptions,
 328        cx: &mut AppContext,
 329    ) -> Self {
 330        let platform_window = cx.platform.open_window(handle, options);
 331        let display_id = platform_window.display().id();
 332        let sprite_atlas = platform_window.sprite_atlas();
 333        let mouse_position = platform_window.mouse_position();
 334        let modifiers = platform_window.modifiers();
 335        let content_size = platform_window.content_size();
 336        let scale_factor = platform_window.scale_factor();
 337        let bounds = platform_window.bounds();
 338        let text_system = Arc::new(WindowTextSystem::new(cx.text_system().clone()));
 339        let dirty = Rc::new(Cell::new(false));
 340        let last_input_timestamp = Rc::new(Cell::new(Instant::now()));
 341
 342        platform_window.on_request_frame(Box::new({
 343            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 344            let dirty = dirty.clone();
 345            let last_input_timestamp = last_input_timestamp.clone();
 346            move || {
 347                if dirty.get() {
 348                    measure("frame duration", || {
 349                        handle
 350                            .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| {
 351                                cx.draw();
 352                                cx.present();
 353                            })
 354                            .log_err();
 355                    })
 356                } else if last_input_timestamp.get().elapsed() < Duration::from_secs(1) {
 357                    // Keep presenting the current scene for 1 extra second since the
 358                    // last input to prevent the display from underclocking the refresh rate.
 359                    handle.update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.present()).log_err();
 360                }
 361            }
 362        }));
 363        platform_window.on_resize(Box::new({
 364            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 365            move |_, _| {
 366                handle
 367                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.window_bounds_changed())
 368                    .log_err();
 369            }
 370        }));
 371        platform_window.on_moved(Box::new({
 372            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 373            move || {
 374                handle
 375                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.window_bounds_changed())
 376                    .log_err();
 377            }
 378        }));
 379        platform_window.on_active_status_change(Box::new({
 380            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 381            move |active| {
 382                handle
 383                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| {
 384                        cx.window.active = active;
 385                        cx.window
 386                            .activation_observers
 387                            .clone()
 388                            .retain(&(), |callback| callback(cx));
 389                    })
 390                    .log_err();
 391            }
 392        }));
 393
 394        platform_window.on_input({
 395            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 396            Box::new(move |event| {
 397                handle
 398                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.dispatch_event(event))
 399                    .log_err()
 400                    .unwrap_or(false)
 401            })
 402        });
 403
 404        Window {
 405            handle,
 406            removed: false,
 407            platform_window,
 408            display_id,
 409            sprite_atlas,
 410            rem_size: px(16.),
 411            viewport_size: content_size,
 412            layout_engine: Some(TaffyLayoutEngine::new()),
 413            root_view: None,
 414            element_id_stack: GlobalElementId::default(),
 415            rendered_frame: Frame::new(DispatchTree::new(cx.keymap.clone(), cx.actions.clone())),
 416            next_frame: Frame::new(DispatchTree::new(cx.keymap.clone(), cx.actions.clone())),
 417            dirty_views: FxHashSet::default(),
 418            focus_handles: Arc::new(RwLock::new(SlotMap::with_key())),
 419            focus_listeners: SubscriberSet::new(),
 420            focus_lost_listeners: SubscriberSet::new(),
 421            default_prevented: true,
 422            mouse_position,
 423            modifiers,
 424            scale_factor,
 425            bounds,
 426            bounds_observers: SubscriberSet::new(),
 427            active: false,
 428            dirty,
 429            last_input_timestamp,
 430            refreshing: false,
 431            drawing: false,
 432            activation_observers: SubscriberSet::new(),
 433            focus: None,
 434            focus_enabled: true,
 435            pending_input: None,
 436        }
 437    }
 438}
 439
 440/// Indicates which region of the window is visible. Content falling outside of this mask will not be
 441/// rendered. Currently, only rectangular content masks are supported, but we give the mask its own type
 442/// to leave room to support more complex shapes in the future.
 443#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
 444#[repr(C)]
 445pub struct ContentMask<P: Clone + Default + Debug> {
 446    /// The bounds
 447    pub bounds: Bounds<P>,
 448}
 449
 450impl ContentMask<Pixels> {
 451    /// Scale the content mask's pixel units by the given scaling factor.
 452    pub fn scale(&self, factor: f32) -> ContentMask<ScaledPixels> {
 453        ContentMask {
 454            bounds: self.bounds.scale(factor),
 455        }
 456    }
 457
 458    /// Intersect the content mask with the given content mask.
 459    pub fn intersect(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
 460        let bounds = self.bounds.intersect(&other.bounds);
 461        ContentMask { bounds }
 462    }
 463}
 464
 465/// Provides access to application state in the context of a single window. Derefs
 466/// to an [`AppContext`], so you can also pass a [`WindowContext`] to any method that takes
 467/// an [`AppContext`] and call any [`AppContext`] methods.
 468pub struct WindowContext<'a> {
 469    pub(crate) app: &'a mut AppContext,
 470    pub(crate) window: &'a mut Window,
 471}
 472
 473impl<'a> WindowContext<'a> {
 474    pub(crate) fn new(app: &'a mut AppContext, window: &'a mut Window) -> Self {
 475        Self { app, window }
 476    }
 477
 478    /// Obtain a handle to the window that belongs to this context.
 479    pub fn window_handle(&self) -> AnyWindowHandle {
 480        self.window.handle
 481    }
 482
 483    /// Mark the window as dirty, scheduling it to be redrawn on the next frame.
 484    pub fn refresh(&mut self) {
 485        if !self.window.drawing {
 486            self.window.refreshing = true;
 487            self.window.dirty.set(true);
 488        }
 489    }
 490
 491    /// Close this window.
 492    pub fn remove_window(&mut self) {
 493        self.window.removed = true;
 494    }
 495
 496    /// Obtain a new [`FocusHandle`], which allows you to track and manipulate the keyboard focus
 497    /// for elements rendered within this window.
 498    pub fn focus_handle(&mut self) -> FocusHandle {
 499        FocusHandle::new(&self.window.focus_handles)
 500    }
 501
 502    /// Obtain the currently focused [`FocusHandle`]. If no elements are focused, returns `None`.
 503    pub fn focused(&self) -> Option<FocusHandle> {
 504        self.window
 505            .focus
 506            .and_then(|id| FocusHandle::for_id(id, &self.window.focus_handles))
 507    }
 508
 509    /// Move focus to the element associated with the given [`FocusHandle`].
 510    pub fn focus(&mut self, handle: &FocusHandle) {
 511        if !self.window.focus_enabled || self.window.focus == Some(handle.id) {
 512            return;
 513        }
 514
 515        self.window.focus = Some(handle.id);
 516        self.window
 517            .rendered_frame
 518            .dispatch_tree
 519            .clear_pending_keystrokes();
 520        self.refresh();
 521    }
 522
 523    /// Remove focus from all elements within this context's window.
 524    pub fn blur(&mut self) {
 525        if !self.window.focus_enabled {
 526            return;
 527        }
 528
 529        self.window.focus = None;
 530        self.refresh();
 531    }
 532
 533    /// Blur the window and don't allow anything in it to be focused again.
 534    pub fn disable_focus(&mut self) {
 535        self.blur();
 536        self.window.focus_enabled = false;
 537    }
 538
 539    /// Dispatch the given action on the currently focused element.
 540    pub fn dispatch_action(&mut self, action: Box<dyn Action>) {
 541        let focus_handle = self.focused();
 542
 543        self.defer(move |cx| {
 544            let node_id = focus_handle
 545                .and_then(|handle| {
 546                    cx.window
 547                        .rendered_frame
 548                        .dispatch_tree
 549                        .focusable_node_id(handle.id)
 550                })
 551                .unwrap_or_else(|| cx.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
 552
 553            cx.propagate_event = true;
 554            cx.dispatch_action_on_node(node_id, action);
 555        })
 556    }
 557
 558    pub(crate) fn dispatch_keystroke_observers(
 559        &mut self,
 560        event: &dyn Any,
 561        action: Option<Box<dyn Action>>,
 562    ) {
 563        let Some(key_down_event) = event.downcast_ref::<KeyDownEvent>() else {
 564            return;
 565        };
 566
 567        self.keystroke_observers
 568            .clone()
 569            .retain(&(), move |callback| {
 570                (callback)(
 571                    &KeystrokeEvent {
 572                        keystroke: key_down_event.keystroke.clone(),
 573                        action: action.as_ref().map(|action| action.boxed_clone()),
 574                    },
 575                    self,
 576                );
 577                true
 578            });
 579    }
 580
 581    pub(crate) fn clear_pending_keystrokes(&mut self) {
 582        self.window
 583            .rendered_frame
 584            .dispatch_tree
 585            .clear_pending_keystrokes();
 586        self.window
 587            .next_frame
 588            .dispatch_tree
 589            .clear_pending_keystrokes();
 590    }
 591
 592    /// Schedules the given function to be run at the end of the current effect cycle, allowing entities
 593    /// that are currently on the stack to be returned to the app.
 594    pub fn defer(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut WindowContext) + 'static) {
 595        let handle = self.window.handle;
 596        self.app.defer(move |cx| {
 597            handle.update(cx, |_, cx| f(cx)).ok();
 598        });
 599    }
 600
 601    /// Subscribe to events emitted by a model or view.
 602    /// The entity to which you're subscribing must implement the [`EventEmitter`] trait.
 603    /// The callback will be invoked a handle to the emitting entity (either a [`View`] or [`Model`]), the event, and a window context for the current window.
 604    pub fn subscribe<Emitter, E, Evt>(
 605        &mut self,
 606        entity: &E,
 607        mut on_event: impl FnMut(E, &Evt, &mut WindowContext<'_>) + 'static,
 608    ) -> Subscription
 609    where
 610        Emitter: EventEmitter<Evt>,
 611        E: Entity<Emitter>,
 612        Evt: 'static,
 613    {
 614        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
 615        let entity = entity.downgrade();
 616        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
 617        let (subscription, activate) = self.app.event_listeners.insert(
 618            entity_id,
 619            (
 620                TypeId::of::<Evt>(),
 621                Box::new(move |event, cx| {
 622                    window_handle
 623                        .update(cx, |_, cx| {
 624                            if let Some(handle) = E::upgrade_from(&entity) {
 625                                let event = event.downcast_ref().expect("invalid event type");
 626                                on_event(handle, event, cx);
 627                                true
 628                            } else {
 629                                false
 630                            }
 631                        })
 632                        .unwrap_or(false)
 633                }),
 634            ),
 635        );
 636        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
 637        subscription
 638    }
 639
 640    /// Creates an [`AsyncWindowContext`], which has a static lifetime and can be held across
 641    /// await points in async code.
 642    pub fn to_async(&self) -> AsyncWindowContext {
 643        AsyncWindowContext::new(self.app.to_async(), self.window.handle)
 644    }
 645
 646    /// Schedule the given closure to be run directly after the current frame is rendered.
 647    pub fn on_next_frame(&mut self, callback: impl FnOnce(&mut WindowContext) + 'static) {
 648        let handle = self.window.handle;
 649        let display_id = self.window.display_id;
 650
 651        let mut frame_consumers = std::mem::take(&mut self.app.frame_consumers);
 652        if let Entry::Vacant(e) = frame_consumers.entry(display_id) {
 653            let (tx, mut rx) = mpsc::unbounded::<()>();
 654            self.platform.set_display_link_output_callback(
 655                display_id,
 656                Box::new(move || _ = tx.unbounded_send(())),
 657            );
 658
 659            let consumer_task = self.app.spawn(|cx| async move {
 660                while rx.next().await.is_some() {
 661                    cx.update(|cx| {
 662                        for callback in cx
 663                            .next_frame_callbacks
 664                            .get_mut(&display_id)
 665                            .unwrap()
 666                            .drain(..)
 667                            .collect::<SmallVec<[_; 32]>>()
 668                        {
 669                            callback(cx);
 670                        }
 671                    })
 672                    .ok();
 673
 674                    // Flush effects, then stop the display link if no new next_frame_callbacks have been added.
 675
 676                    cx.update(|cx| {
 677                        if cx.next_frame_callbacks.is_empty() {
 678                            cx.platform.stop_display_link(display_id);
 679                        }
 680                    })
 681                    .ok();
 682                }
 683            });
 684            e.insert(consumer_task);
 685        }
 686        debug_assert!(self.app.frame_consumers.is_empty());
 687        self.app.frame_consumers = frame_consumers;
 688
 689        if self.next_frame_callbacks.is_empty() {
 690            self.platform.start_display_link(display_id);
 691        }
 692
 693        self.next_frame_callbacks
 694            .entry(display_id)
 695            .or_default()
 696            .push(Box::new(move |cx: &mut AppContext| {
 697                cx.update_window(handle, |_root_view, cx| callback(cx)).ok();
 698            }));
 699    }
 700
 701    /// Spawn the future returned by the given closure on the application thread pool.
 702    /// The closure is provided a handle to the current window and an `AsyncWindowContext` for
 703    /// use within your future.
 704    pub fn spawn<Fut, R>(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(AsyncWindowContext) -> Fut) -> Task<R>
 705    where
 706        R: 'static,
 707        Fut: Future<Output = R> + 'static,
 708    {
 709        self.app
 710            .spawn(|app| f(AsyncWindowContext::new(app, self.window.handle)))
 711    }
 712
 713    /// Updates the global of the given type. The given closure is given simultaneous mutable
 714    /// access both to the global and the context.
 715    pub fn update_global<G, R>(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut G, &mut Self) -> R) -> R
 716    where
 717        G: Global,
 718    {
 719        let mut global = self.app.lease_global::<G>();
 720        let result = f(&mut global, self);
 721        self.app.end_global_lease(global);
 722        result
 723    }
 724
 725    fn window_bounds_changed(&mut self) {
 726        self.window.scale_factor = self.window.platform_window.scale_factor();
 727        self.window.viewport_size = self.window.platform_window.content_size();
 728        self.window.bounds = self.window.platform_window.bounds();
 729        self.window.display_id = self.window.platform_window.display().id();
 730        self.refresh();
 731
 732        self.window
 733            .bounds_observers
 734            .clone()
 735            .retain(&(), |callback| callback(self));
 736    }
 737
 738    /// Returns the bounds of the current window in the global coordinate space, which could span across multiple displays.
 739    pub fn window_bounds(&self) -> WindowBounds {
 740        self.window.bounds
 741    }
 742
 743    /// Returns the size of the drawable area within the window.
 744    pub fn viewport_size(&self) -> Size<Pixels> {
 745        self.window.viewport_size
 746    }
 747
 748    /// Returns whether this window is focused by the operating system (receiving key events).
 749    pub fn is_window_active(&self) -> bool {
 750        self.window.active
 751    }
 752
 753    /// Toggle zoom on the window.
 754    pub fn zoom_window(&self) {
 755        self.window.platform_window.zoom();
 756    }
 757
 758    /// Updates the window's title at the platform level.
 759    pub fn set_window_title(&mut self, title: &str) {
 760        self.window.platform_window.set_title(title);
 761    }
 762
 763    /// Mark the window as dirty at the platform level.
 764    pub fn set_window_edited(&mut self, edited: bool) {
 765        self.window.platform_window.set_edited(edited);
 766    }
 767
 768    /// Determine the display on which the window is visible.
 769    pub fn display(&self) -> Option<Rc<dyn PlatformDisplay>> {
 770        self.platform
 771            .displays()
 772            .into_iter()
 773            .find(|display| display.id() == self.window.display_id)
 774    }
 775
 776    /// Show the platform character palette.
 777    pub fn show_character_palette(&self) {
 778        self.window.platform_window.show_character_palette();
 779    }
 780
 781    /// The scale factor of the display associated with the window. For example, it could
 782    /// return 2.0 for a "retina" display, indicating that each logical pixel should actually
 783    /// be rendered as two pixels on screen.
 784    pub fn scale_factor(&self) -> f32 {
 785        self.window.scale_factor
 786    }
 787
 788    /// The size of an em for the base font of the application. Adjusting this value allows the
 789    /// UI to scale, just like zooming a web page.
 790    pub fn rem_size(&self) -> Pixels {
 791        self.window.rem_size
 792    }
 793
 794    /// Sets the size of an em for the base font of the application. Adjusting this value allows the
 795    /// UI to scale, just like zooming a web page.
 796    pub fn set_rem_size(&mut self, rem_size: impl Into<Pixels>) {
 797        self.window.rem_size = rem_size.into();
 798    }
 799
 800    /// The line height associated with the current text style.
 801    pub fn line_height(&self) -> Pixels {
 802        let rem_size = self.rem_size();
 803        let text_style = self.text_style();
 804        text_style
 805            .line_height
 806            .to_pixels(text_style.font_size, rem_size)
 807    }
 808
 809    /// Call to prevent the default action of an event. Currently only used to prevent
 810    /// parent elements from becoming focused on mouse down.
 811    pub fn prevent_default(&mut self) {
 812        self.window.default_prevented = true;
 813    }
 814
 815    /// Obtain whether default has been prevented for the event currently being dispatched.
 816    pub fn default_prevented(&self) -> bool {
 817        self.window.default_prevented
 818    }
 819
 820    /// Determine whether the given action is available along the dispatch path to the currently focused element.
 821    pub fn is_action_available(&self, action: &dyn Action) -> bool {
 822        let target = self
 823            .focused()
 824            .and_then(|focused_handle| {
 825                self.window
 826                    .rendered_frame
 827                    .dispatch_tree
 828                    .focusable_node_id(focused_handle.id)
 829            })
 830            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
 831        self.window
 832            .rendered_frame
 833            .dispatch_tree
 834            .is_action_available(action, target)
 835    }
 836
 837    /// The position of the mouse relative to the window.
 838    pub fn mouse_position(&self) -> Point<Pixels> {
 839        self.window.mouse_position
 840    }
 841
 842    /// The current state of the keyboard's modifiers
 843    pub fn modifiers(&self) -> Modifiers {
 844        self.window.modifiers
 845    }
 846
 847    /// Returns true if there is no opaque layer containing the given point
 848    /// on top of the given level. Layers who are extensions of the queried layer
 849    /// are not considered to be on top of queried layer.
 850    pub fn was_top_layer(&self, point: &Point<Pixels>, layer: &StackingOrder) -> bool {
 851        // Precondition: the depth map is ordered from topmost to bottomost.
 852
 853        for (opaque_layer, _, bounds) in self.window.rendered_frame.depth_map.iter() {
 854            if layer >= opaque_layer {
 855                // The queried layer is either above or is the same as the this opaque layer.
 856                // Anything after this point is guaranteed to be below the queried layer.
 857                return true;
 858            }
 859
 860            if !bounds.contains(point) {
 861                // This opaque layer is above the queried layer but it doesn't contain
 862                // the given position, so we can ignore it even if it's above.
 863                continue;
 864            }
 865
 866            // At this point, we've established that this opaque layer is on top of the queried layer
 867            // and contains the position:
 868            // If neither the opaque layer or the queried layer is an extension of the other then
 869            // we know they are on different stacking orders, and return false.
 870            let is_on_same_layer = opaque_layer
 871                .iter()
 872                .zip(layer.iter())
 873                .all(|(a, b)| a.z_index == b.z_index);
 874
 875            if !is_on_same_layer {
 876                return false;
 877            }
 878        }
 879
 880        true
 881    }
 882
 883    pub(crate) fn was_top_layer_under_active_drag(
 884        &self,
 885        point: &Point<Pixels>,
 886        layer: &StackingOrder,
 887    ) -> bool {
 888        // Precondition: the depth map is ordered from topmost to bottomost.
 889
 890        for (opaque_layer, _, bounds) in self.window.rendered_frame.depth_map.iter() {
 891            if layer >= opaque_layer {
 892                // The queried layer is either above or is the same as the this opaque layer.
 893                // Anything after this point is guaranteed to be below the queried layer.
 894                return true;
 895            }
 896
 897            if !bounds.contains(point) {
 898                // This opaque layer is above the queried layer but it doesn't contain
 899                // the given position, so we can ignore it even if it's above.
 900                continue;
 901            }
 902
 903            // All normal content is rendered with a base z-index of 0, we know that if the root of this opaque layer
 904            // equals `ACTIVE_DRAG_Z_INDEX` then it must be the drag layer and we can ignore it as we are
 905            // looking to see if the queried layer was the topmost underneath the drag layer.
 906            if opaque_layer
 907                .first()
 908                .map(|c| c.z_index == ACTIVE_DRAG_Z_INDEX)
 909                .unwrap_or(false)
 910            {
 911                continue;
 912            }
 913
 914            // At this point, we've established that this opaque layer is on top of the queried layer
 915            // and contains the position:
 916            // If neither the opaque layer or the queried layer is an extension of the other then
 917            // we know they are on different stacking orders, and return false.
 918            let is_on_same_layer = opaque_layer
 919                .iter()
 920                .zip(layer.iter())
 921                .all(|(a, b)| a.z_index == b.z_index);
 922
 923            if !is_on_same_layer {
 924                return false;
 925            }
 926        }
 927
 928        true
 929    }
 930
 931    /// Called during painting to get the current stacking order.
 932    pub fn stacking_order(&self) -> &StackingOrder {
 933        &self.window.next_frame.z_index_stack
 934    }
 935
 936    /// Produces a new frame and assigns it to `rendered_frame`. To actually show
 937    /// the contents of the new [Scene], use [present].
 938    pub(crate) fn draw(&mut self) {
 939        self.window.dirty.set(false);
 940        self.window.drawing = true;
 941
 942        if let Some(requested_handler) = self.window.rendered_frame.requested_input_handler.as_mut()
 943        {
 944            let input_handler = self.window.platform_window.take_input_handler();
 945            requested_handler.handler = input_handler;
 946        }
 947
 948        let root_view = self.window.root_view.take().unwrap();
 949        self.with_element_context(|cx| {
 950            cx.with_z_index(0, |cx| {
 951                cx.with_key_dispatch(Some(KeyContext::default()), None, |_, cx| {
 952                    // We need to use cx.cx here so we can utilize borrow splitting
 953                    for (action_type, action_listeners) in &cx.cx.app.global_action_listeners {
 954                        for action_listener in action_listeners.iter().cloned() {
 955                            cx.cx.window.next_frame.dispatch_tree.on_action(
 956                                *action_type,
 957                                Rc::new(
 958                                    move |action: &dyn Any, phase, cx: &mut WindowContext<'_>| {
 959                                        action_listener(action, phase, cx)
 960                                    },
 961                                ),
 962                            )
 963                        }
 964                    }
 965
 966                    let available_space = cx.window.viewport_size.map(Into::into);
 967                    root_view.draw(Point::default(), available_space, cx);
 968                })
 969            })
 970        });
 971
 972        if let Some(active_drag) = self.app.active_drag.take() {
 973            self.with_element_context(|cx| {
 974                cx.with_z_index(ACTIVE_DRAG_Z_INDEX, |cx| {
 975                    let offset = cx.mouse_position() - active_drag.cursor_offset;
 976                    let available_space =
 977                        size(AvailableSpace::MinContent, AvailableSpace::MinContent);
 978                    active_drag.view.draw(offset, available_space, cx);
 979                })
 980            });
 981            self.active_drag = Some(active_drag);
 982        } else if let Some(tooltip_request) = self.window.next_frame.tooltip_request.take() {
 983            self.with_element_context(|cx| {
 984                cx.with_z_index(1, |cx| {
 985                    let available_space =
 986                        size(AvailableSpace::MinContent, AvailableSpace::MinContent);
 987                    tooltip_request.tooltip.view.draw(
 988                        tooltip_request.tooltip.cursor_offset,
 989                        available_space,
 990                        cx,
 991                    );
 992                })
 993            });
 994            self.window.next_frame.tooltip_request = Some(tooltip_request);
 995        }
 996        self.window.dirty_views.clear();
 997
 998        self.window
 999            .next_frame
1000            .dispatch_tree
1001            .preserve_pending_keystrokes(
1002                &mut self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree,
1003                self.window.focus,
1004            );
1005        self.window.next_frame.focus = self.window.focus;
1006        self.window.next_frame.window_active = self.window.active;
1007        self.window.root_view = Some(root_view);
1008
1009        // Set the cursor only if we're the active window.
1010        let cursor_style = self
1011            .window
1012            .next_frame
1013            .requested_cursor_style
1014            .take()
1015            .unwrap_or(CursorStyle::Arrow);
1016        if self.is_window_active() {
1017            self.platform.set_cursor_style(cursor_style);
1018        }
1019
1020        // Register requested input handler with the platform window.
1021        if let Some(requested_input) = self.window.next_frame.requested_input_handler.as_mut() {
1022            if let Some(handler) = requested_input.handler.take() {
1023                self.window.platform_window.set_input_handler(handler);
1024            }
1025        }
1026
1027        self.window.layout_engine.as_mut().unwrap().clear();
1028        self.text_system()
1029            .finish_frame(&self.window.next_frame.reused_views);
1030        self.window
1031            .next_frame
1032            .finish(&mut self.window.rendered_frame);
1033        ELEMENT_ARENA.with_borrow_mut(|element_arena| {
1034            let percentage = (element_arena.len() as f32 / element_arena.capacity() as f32) * 100.;
1035            if percentage >= 80. {
1036                log::warn!("elevated element arena occupation: {}.", percentage);
1037            }
1038            element_arena.clear();
1039        });
1040
1041        let previous_focus_path = self.window.rendered_frame.focus_path();
1042        let previous_window_active = self.window.rendered_frame.window_active;
1043        mem::swap(&mut self.window.rendered_frame, &mut self.window.next_frame);
1044        self.window.next_frame.clear();
1045        let current_focus_path = self.window.rendered_frame.focus_path();
1046        let current_window_active = self.window.rendered_frame.window_active;
1047
1048        if previous_focus_path != current_focus_path
1049            || previous_window_active != current_window_active
1050        {
1051            if !previous_focus_path.is_empty() && current_focus_path.is_empty() {
1052                self.window
1053                    .focus_lost_listeners
1054                    .clone()
1055                    .retain(&(), |listener| listener(self));
1056            }
1057
1058            let event = FocusEvent {
1059                previous_focus_path: if previous_window_active {
1060                    previous_focus_path
1061                } else {
1062                    Default::default()
1063                },
1064                current_focus_path: if current_window_active {
1065                    current_focus_path
1066                } else {
1067                    Default::default()
1068                },
1069            };
1070            self.window
1071                .focus_listeners
1072                .clone()
1073                .retain(&(), |listener| listener(&event, self));
1074        }
1075        self.window.refreshing = false;
1076        self.window.drawing = false;
1077    }
1078
1079    fn present(&self) {
1080        self.window
1081            .platform_window
1082            .draw(&self.window.rendered_frame.scene);
1083    }
1084
1085    /// Dispatch a mouse or keyboard event on the window.
1086    pub fn dispatch_event(&mut self, event: PlatformInput) -> bool {
1087        self.window.last_input_timestamp.set(Instant::now());
1088        // Handlers may set this to false by calling `stop_propagation`.
1089        self.app.propagate_event = true;
1090        // Handlers may set this to true by calling `prevent_default`.
1091        self.window.default_prevented = false;
1092
1093        let event = match event {
1094            // Track the mouse position with our own state, since accessing the platform
1095            // API for the mouse position can only occur on the main thread.
1096            PlatformInput::MouseMove(mouse_move) => {
1097                self.window.mouse_position = mouse_move.position;
1098                self.window.modifiers = mouse_move.modifiers;
1099                PlatformInput::MouseMove(mouse_move)
1100            }
1101            PlatformInput::MouseDown(mouse_down) => {
1102                self.window.mouse_position = mouse_down.position;
1103                self.window.modifiers = mouse_down.modifiers;
1104                PlatformInput::MouseDown(mouse_down)
1105            }
1106            PlatformInput::MouseUp(mouse_up) => {
1107                self.window.mouse_position = mouse_up.position;
1108                self.window.modifiers = mouse_up.modifiers;
1109                PlatformInput::MouseUp(mouse_up)
1110            }
1111            PlatformInput::MouseExited(mouse_exited) => {
1112                self.window.modifiers = mouse_exited.modifiers;
1113                PlatformInput::MouseExited(mouse_exited)
1114            }
1115            PlatformInput::ModifiersChanged(modifiers_changed) => {
1116                self.window.modifiers = modifiers_changed.modifiers;
1117                PlatformInput::ModifiersChanged(modifiers_changed)
1118            }
1119            PlatformInput::ScrollWheel(scroll_wheel) => {
1120                self.window.mouse_position = scroll_wheel.position;
1121                self.window.modifiers = scroll_wheel.modifiers;
1122                PlatformInput::ScrollWheel(scroll_wheel)
1123            }
1124            // Translate dragging and dropping of external files from the operating system
1125            // to internal drag and drop events.
1126            PlatformInput::FileDrop(file_drop) => match file_drop {
1127                FileDropEvent::Entered { position, paths } => {
1128                    self.window.mouse_position = position;
1129                    if self.active_drag.is_none() {
1130                        self.active_drag = Some(AnyDrag {
1131                            value: Box::new(paths.clone()),
1132                            view: self.new_view(|_| paths).into(),
1133                            cursor_offset: position,
1134                        });
1135                    }
1136                    PlatformInput::MouseMove(MouseMoveEvent {
1137                        position,
1138                        pressed_button: Some(MouseButton::Left),
1139                        modifiers: Modifiers::default(),
1140                    })
1141                }
1142                FileDropEvent::Pending { position } => {
1143                    self.window.mouse_position = position;
1144                    PlatformInput::MouseMove(MouseMoveEvent {
1145                        position,
1146                        pressed_button: Some(MouseButton::Left),
1147                        modifiers: Modifiers::default(),
1148                    })
1149                }
1150                FileDropEvent::Submit { position } => {
1151                    self.activate(true);
1152                    self.window.mouse_position = position;
1153                    PlatformInput::MouseUp(MouseUpEvent {
1154                        button: MouseButton::Left,
1155                        position,
1156                        modifiers: Modifiers::default(),
1157                        click_count: 1,
1158                    })
1159                }
1160                FileDropEvent::Exited => PlatformInput::MouseUp(MouseUpEvent {
1161                    button: MouseButton::Left,
1162                    position: Point::default(),
1163                    modifiers: Modifiers::default(),
1164                    click_count: 1,
1165                }),
1166            },
1167            PlatformInput::KeyDown(_) | PlatformInput::KeyUp(_) => event,
1168        };
1169
1170        if let Some(any_mouse_event) = event.mouse_event() {
1171            self.dispatch_mouse_event(any_mouse_event);
1172        } else if let Some(any_key_event) = event.keyboard_event() {
1173            self.dispatch_key_event(any_key_event);
1174        }
1175
1176        !self.app.propagate_event
1177    }
1178
1179    fn dispatch_mouse_event(&mut self, event: &dyn Any) {
1180        if let Some(mut handlers) = self
1181            .window
1182            .rendered_frame
1183            .mouse_listeners
1184            .remove(&event.type_id())
1185        {
1186            // Because handlers may add other handlers, we sort every time.
1187            handlers.sort_by(|(a, _, _), (b, _, _)| a.cmp(b));
1188
1189            // Capture phase, events bubble from back to front. Handlers for this phase are used for
1190            // special purposes, such as detecting events outside of a given Bounds.
1191            for (_, _, handler) in &mut handlers {
1192                self.with_element_context(|cx| {
1193                    handler(event, DispatchPhase::Capture, cx);
1194                });
1195                if !self.app.propagate_event {
1196                    break;
1197                }
1198            }
1199
1200            // Bubble phase, where most normal handlers do their work.
1201            if self.app.propagate_event {
1202                for (_, _, handler) in handlers.iter_mut().rev() {
1203                    self.with_element_context(|cx| {
1204                        handler(event, DispatchPhase::Bubble, cx);
1205                    });
1206                    if !self.app.propagate_event {
1207                        break;
1208                    }
1209                }
1210            }
1211
1212            self.window
1213                .rendered_frame
1214                .mouse_listeners
1215                .insert(event.type_id(), handlers);
1216        }
1217
1218        if self.app.propagate_event && self.has_active_drag() {
1219            if event.is::<MouseMoveEvent>() {
1220                // If this was a mouse move event, redraw the window so that the
1221                // active drag can follow the mouse cursor.
1222                self.refresh();
1223            } else if event.is::<MouseUpEvent>() {
1224                // If this was a mouse up event, cancel the active drag and redraw
1225                // the window.
1226                self.active_drag = None;
1227                self.refresh();
1228            }
1229        }
1230    }
1231
1232    fn dispatch_key_event(&mut self, event: &dyn Any) {
1233        let node_id = self
1234            .window
1235            .focus
1236            .and_then(|focus_id| {
1237                self.window
1238                    .rendered_frame
1239                    .dispatch_tree
1240                    .focusable_node_id(focus_id)
1241            })
1242            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
1243
1244        let dispatch_path = self
1245            .window
1246            .rendered_frame
1247            .dispatch_tree
1248            .dispatch_path(node_id);
1249
1250        if let Some(key_down_event) = event.downcast_ref::<KeyDownEvent>() {
1251            let KeymatchResult {
1252                bindings,
1253                mut pending,
1254            } = self
1255                .window
1256                .rendered_frame
1257                .dispatch_tree
1258                .dispatch_key(&key_down_event.keystroke, &dispatch_path);
1259
1260            if self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.keymatch_mode == KeymatchMode::Immediate
1261                && !bindings.is_empty()
1262            {
1263                pending = false;
1264            }
1265
1266            if pending {
1267                let mut currently_pending = self.window.pending_input.take().unwrap_or_default();
1268                if currently_pending.focus.is_some() && currently_pending.focus != self.window.focus
1269                {
1270                    currently_pending = PendingInput::default();
1271                }
1272                currently_pending.focus = self.window.focus;
1273                currently_pending
1274                    .keystrokes
1275                    .push(key_down_event.keystroke.clone());
1276                for binding in bindings {
1277                    currently_pending.bindings.push(binding);
1278                }
1279
1280                // for vim compatibility, we also should check "is input handler enabled"
1281                if !currently_pending.is_noop() {
1282                    currently_pending.timer = Some(self.spawn(|mut cx| async move {
1283                        cx.background_executor.timer(Duration::from_secs(1)).await;
1284                        cx.update(move |cx| {
1285                            cx.clear_pending_keystrokes();
1286                            let Some(currently_pending) = cx.window.pending_input.take() else {
1287                                return;
1288                            };
1289                            cx.replay_pending_input(currently_pending)
1290                        })
1291                        .log_err();
1292                    }));
1293                } else {
1294                    currently_pending.timer = None;
1295                }
1296                self.window.pending_input = Some(currently_pending);
1297
1298                self.propagate_event = false;
1299                return;
1300            } else if let Some(currently_pending) = self.window.pending_input.take() {
1301                if bindings
1302                    .iter()
1303                    .all(|binding| !currently_pending.used_by_binding(binding))
1304                {
1305                    self.replay_pending_input(currently_pending)
1306                }
1307            }
1308
1309            if !bindings.is_empty() {
1310                self.clear_pending_keystrokes();
1311            }
1312
1313            self.propagate_event = true;
1314            for binding in bindings {
1315                self.dispatch_action_on_node(node_id, binding.action.boxed_clone());
1316                if !self.propagate_event {
1317                    self.dispatch_keystroke_observers(event, Some(binding.action));
1318                    return;
1319                }
1320            }
1321        }
1322
1323        // Capture phase
1324        for node_id in &dispatch_path {
1325            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
1326
1327            for key_listener in node.key_listeners.clone() {
1328                self.with_element_context(|cx| {
1329                    key_listener(event, DispatchPhase::Capture, cx);
1330                });
1331                if !self.propagate_event {
1332                    return;
1333                }
1334            }
1335        }
1336
1337        // Bubble phase
1338        for node_id in dispatch_path.iter().rev() {
1339            // Handle low level key events
1340            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
1341            for key_listener in node.key_listeners.clone() {
1342                self.with_element_context(|cx| {
1343                    key_listener(event, DispatchPhase::Bubble, cx);
1344                });
1345                if !self.propagate_event {
1346                    return;
1347                }
1348            }
1349        }
1350
1351        self.dispatch_keystroke_observers(event, None);
1352    }
1353
1354    /// Determine whether a potential multi-stroke key binding is in progress on this window.
1355    pub fn has_pending_keystrokes(&self) -> bool {
1356        self.window
1357            .rendered_frame
1358            .dispatch_tree
1359            .has_pending_keystrokes()
1360    }
1361
1362    fn replay_pending_input(&mut self, currently_pending: PendingInput) {
1363        let node_id = self
1364            .window
1365            .focus
1366            .and_then(|focus_id| {
1367                self.window
1368                    .rendered_frame
1369                    .dispatch_tree
1370                    .focusable_node_id(focus_id)
1371            })
1372            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
1373
1374        if self.window.focus != currently_pending.focus {
1375            return;
1376        }
1377
1378        let input = currently_pending.input();
1379
1380        self.propagate_event = true;
1381        for binding in currently_pending.bindings {
1382            self.dispatch_action_on_node(node_id, binding.action.boxed_clone());
1383            if !self.propagate_event {
1384                return;
1385            }
1386        }
1387
1388        if !input.is_empty() {
1389            if let Some(mut input_handler) = self.window.platform_window.take_input_handler() {
1390                input_handler.flush_pending_input(&input, self);
1391                self.window.platform_window.set_input_handler(input_handler)
1392            }
1393        }
1394    }
1395
1396    fn dispatch_action_on_node(&mut self, node_id: DispatchNodeId, action: Box<dyn Action>) {
1397        let dispatch_path = self
1398            .window
1399            .rendered_frame
1400            .dispatch_tree
1401            .dispatch_path(node_id);
1402
1403        // Capture phase
1404        for node_id in &dispatch_path {
1405            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
1406            for DispatchActionListener {
1407                action_type,
1408                listener,
1409            } in node.action_listeners.clone()
1410            {
1411                let any_action = action.as_any();
1412                if action_type == any_action.type_id() {
1413                    self.with_element_context(|cx| {
1414                        listener(any_action, DispatchPhase::Capture, cx);
1415                    });
1416
1417                    if !self.propagate_event {
1418                        return;
1419                    }
1420                }
1421            }
1422        }
1423        // Bubble phase
1424        for node_id in dispatch_path.iter().rev() {
1425            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
1426            for DispatchActionListener {
1427                action_type,
1428                listener,
1429            } in node.action_listeners.clone()
1430            {
1431                let any_action = action.as_any();
1432                if action_type == any_action.type_id() {
1433                    self.propagate_event = false; // Actions stop propagation by default during the bubble phase
1434
1435                    self.with_element_context(|cx| {
1436                        listener(any_action, DispatchPhase::Bubble, cx);
1437                    });
1438
1439                    if !self.propagate_event {
1440                        return;
1441                    }
1442                }
1443            }
1444        }
1445    }
1446
1447    /// Register the given handler to be invoked whenever the global of the given type
1448    /// is updated.
1449    pub fn observe_global<G: Global>(
1450        &mut self,
1451        f: impl Fn(&mut WindowContext<'_>) + 'static,
1452    ) -> Subscription {
1453        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
1454        let (subscription, activate) = self.global_observers.insert(
1455            TypeId::of::<G>(),
1456            Box::new(move |cx| window_handle.update(cx, |_, cx| f(cx)).is_ok()),
1457        );
1458        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
1459        subscription
1460    }
1461
1462    /// Focus the current window and bring it to the foreground at the platform level.
1463    pub fn activate_window(&self) {
1464        self.window.platform_window.activate();
1465    }
1466
1467    /// Minimize the current window at the platform level.
1468    pub fn minimize_window(&self) {
1469        self.window.platform_window.minimize();
1470    }
1471
1472    /// Toggle full screen status on the current window at the platform level.
1473    pub fn toggle_full_screen(&self) {
1474        self.window.platform_window.toggle_full_screen();
1475    }
1476
1477    /// Present a platform dialog.
1478    /// The provided message will be presented, along with buttons for each answer.
1479    /// When a button is clicked, the returned Receiver will receive the index of the clicked button.
1480    pub fn prompt(
1481        &self,
1482        level: PromptLevel,
1483        message: &str,
1484        detail: Option<&str>,
1485        answers: &[&str],
1486    ) -> oneshot::Receiver<usize> {
1487        self.window
1488            .platform_window
1489            .prompt(level, message, detail, answers)
1490    }
1491
1492    /// Returns all available actions for the focused element.
1493    pub fn available_actions(&self) -> Vec<Box<dyn Action>> {
1494        let node_id = self
1495            .window
1496            .focus
1497            .and_then(|focus_id| {
1498                self.window
1499                    .rendered_frame
1500                    .dispatch_tree
1501                    .focusable_node_id(focus_id)
1502            })
1503            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
1504
1505        self.window
1506            .rendered_frame
1507            .dispatch_tree
1508            .available_actions(node_id)
1509    }
1510
1511    /// Returns key bindings that invoke the given action on the currently focused element.
1512    pub fn bindings_for_action(&self, action: &dyn Action) -> Vec<KeyBinding> {
1513        self.window
1514            .rendered_frame
1515            .dispatch_tree
1516            .bindings_for_action(
1517                action,
1518                &self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.context_stack,
1519            )
1520    }
1521
1522    /// Returns any bindings that would invoke the given action on the given focus handle if it were focused.
1523    pub fn bindings_for_action_in(
1524        &self,
1525        action: &dyn Action,
1526        focus_handle: &FocusHandle,
1527    ) -> Vec<KeyBinding> {
1528        let dispatch_tree = &self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree;
1529
1530        let Some(node_id) = dispatch_tree.focusable_node_id(focus_handle.id) else {
1531            return vec![];
1532        };
1533        let context_stack = dispatch_tree
1534            .dispatch_path(node_id)
1535            .into_iter()
1536            .filter_map(|node_id| dispatch_tree.node(node_id).context.clone())
1537            .collect();
1538        dispatch_tree.bindings_for_action(action, &context_stack)
1539    }
1540
1541    /// Returns a generic event listener that invokes the given listener with the view and context associated with the given view handle.
1542    pub fn listener_for<V: Render, E>(
1543        &self,
1544        view: &View<V>,
1545        f: impl Fn(&mut V, &E, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
1546    ) -> impl Fn(&E, &mut WindowContext) + 'static {
1547        let view = view.downgrade();
1548        move |e: &E, cx: &mut WindowContext| {
1549            view.update(cx, |view, cx| f(view, e, cx)).ok();
1550        }
1551    }
1552
1553    /// Returns a generic handler that invokes the given handler with the view and context associated with the given view handle.
1554    pub fn handler_for<V: Render>(
1555        &self,
1556        view: &View<V>,
1557        f: impl Fn(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
1558    ) -> impl Fn(&mut WindowContext) {
1559        let view = view.downgrade();
1560        move |cx: &mut WindowContext| {
1561            view.update(cx, |view, cx| f(view, cx)).ok();
1562        }
1563    }
1564
1565    /// Register a callback that can interrupt the closing of the current window based the returned boolean.
1566    /// If the callback returns false, the window won't be closed.
1567    pub fn on_window_should_close(&mut self, f: impl Fn(&mut WindowContext) -> bool + 'static) {
1568        let mut this = self.to_async();
1569        self.window
1570            .platform_window
1571            .on_should_close(Box::new(move || {
1572                this.update(|cx| {
1573                    // Ensure that the window is removed from the app if it's been closed
1574                    // by always pre-empting the system close event.
1575                    if f(cx) {
1576                        cx.remove_window();
1577                    }
1578                    false
1579                })
1580                .unwrap_or(true)
1581            }))
1582    }
1583
1584    pub(crate) fn parent_view_id(&self) -> EntityId {
1585        *self
1586            .window
1587            .next_frame
1588            .view_stack
1589            .last()
1590            .expect("a view should always be on the stack while drawing")
1591    }
1592
1593    /// Register an action listener on the window for the next frame. The type of action
1594    /// is determined by the first parameter of the given listener. When the next frame is rendered
1595    /// the listener will be cleared.
1596    ///
1597    /// This is a fairly low-level method, so prefer using action handlers on elements unless you have
1598    /// a specific need to register a global listener.
1599    pub fn on_action(
1600        &mut self,
1601        action_type: TypeId,
1602        listener: impl Fn(&dyn Any, DispatchPhase, &mut WindowContext) + 'static,
1603    ) {
1604        self.window
1605            .next_frame
1606            .dispatch_tree
1607            .on_action(action_type, Rc::new(listener));
1608    }
1609}
1610
1611impl Context for WindowContext<'_> {
1612    type Result<T> = T;
1613
1614    fn new_model<T>(&mut self, build_model: impl FnOnce(&mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> T) -> Model<T>
1615    where
1616        T: 'static,
1617    {
1618        let slot = self.app.entities.reserve();
1619        let model = build_model(&mut ModelContext::new(&mut *self.app, slot.downgrade()));
1620        self.entities.insert(slot, model)
1621    }
1622
1623    fn update_model<T: 'static, R>(
1624        &mut self,
1625        model: &Model<T>,
1626        update: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> R,
1627    ) -> R {
1628        let mut entity = self.entities.lease(model);
1629        let result = update(
1630            &mut *entity,
1631            &mut ModelContext::new(&mut *self.app, model.downgrade()),
1632        );
1633        self.entities.end_lease(entity);
1634        result
1635    }
1636
1637    fn update_window<T, F>(&mut self, window: AnyWindowHandle, update: F) -> Result<T>
1638    where
1639        F: FnOnce(AnyView, &mut WindowContext<'_>) -> T,
1640    {
1641        if window == self.window.handle {
1642            let root_view = self.window.root_view.clone().unwrap();
1643            Ok(update(root_view, self))
1644        } else {
1645            window.update(self.app, update)
1646        }
1647    }
1648
1649    fn read_model<T, R>(
1650        &self,
1651        handle: &Model<T>,
1652        read: impl FnOnce(&T, &AppContext) -> R,
1653    ) -> Self::Result<R>
1654    where
1655        T: 'static,
1656    {
1657        let entity = self.entities.read(handle);
1658        read(entity, &*self.app)
1659    }
1660
1661    fn read_window<T, R>(
1662        &self,
1663        window: &WindowHandle<T>,
1664        read: impl FnOnce(View<T>, &AppContext) -> R,
1665    ) -> Result<R>
1666    where
1667        T: 'static,
1668    {
1669        if window.any_handle == self.window.handle {
1670            let root_view = self
1671                .window
1672                .root_view
1673                .clone()
1674                .unwrap()
1675                .downcast::<T>()
1676                .map_err(|_| anyhow!("the type of the window's root view has changed"))?;
1677            Ok(read(root_view, self))
1678        } else {
1679            self.app.read_window(window, read)
1680        }
1681    }
1682}
1683
1684impl VisualContext for WindowContext<'_> {
1685    fn new_view<V>(
1686        &mut self,
1687        build_view_state: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, V>) -> V,
1688    ) -> Self::Result<View<V>>
1689    where
1690        V: 'static + Render,
1691    {
1692        let slot = self.app.entities.reserve();
1693        let view = View {
1694            model: slot.clone(),
1695        };
1696        let mut cx = ViewContext::new(&mut *self.app, &mut *self.window, &view);
1697        let entity = build_view_state(&mut cx);
1698        cx.entities.insert(slot, entity);
1699
1700        cx.new_view_observers
1701            .clone()
1702            .retain(&TypeId::of::<V>(), |observer| {
1703                let any_view = AnyView::from(view.clone());
1704                (observer)(any_view, self);
1705                true
1706            });
1707
1708        view
1709    }
1710
1711    /// Updates the given view. Prefer calling [`View::update`] instead, which calls this method.
1712    fn update_view<T: 'static, R>(
1713        &mut self,
1714        view: &View<T>,
1715        update: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut ViewContext<'_, T>) -> R,
1716    ) -> Self::Result<R> {
1717        let mut lease = self.app.entities.lease(&view.model);
1718        let mut cx = ViewContext::new(&mut *self.app, &mut *self.window, view);
1719        let result = update(&mut *lease, &mut cx);
1720        cx.app.entities.end_lease(lease);
1721        result
1722    }
1723
1724    fn replace_root_view<V>(
1725        &mut self,
1726        build_view: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, V>) -> V,
1727    ) -> Self::Result<View<V>>
1728    where
1729        V: 'static + Render,
1730    {
1731        let view = self.new_view(build_view);
1732        self.window.root_view = Some(view.clone().into());
1733        self.refresh();
1734        view
1735    }
1736
1737    fn focus_view<V: crate::FocusableView>(&mut self, view: &View<V>) -> Self::Result<()> {
1738        self.update_view(view, |view, cx| {
1739            view.focus_handle(cx).clone().focus(cx);
1740        })
1741    }
1742
1743    fn dismiss_view<V>(&mut self, view: &View<V>) -> Self::Result<()>
1744    where
1745        V: ManagedView,
1746    {
1747        self.update_view(view, |_, cx| cx.emit(DismissEvent))
1748    }
1749}
1750
1751impl<'a> std::ops::Deref for WindowContext<'a> {
1752    type Target = AppContext;
1753
1754    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
1755        self.app
1756    }
1757}
1758
1759impl<'a> std::ops::DerefMut for WindowContext<'a> {
1760    fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
1761        self.app
1762    }
1763}
1764
1765impl<'a> Borrow<AppContext> for WindowContext<'a> {
1766    fn borrow(&self) -> &AppContext {
1767        self.app
1768    }
1769}
1770
1771impl<'a> BorrowMut<AppContext> for WindowContext<'a> {
1772    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut AppContext {
1773        self.app
1774    }
1775}
1776
1777/// This trait contains functionality that is shared across [`ViewContext`] and [`WindowContext`]
1778pub trait BorrowWindow: BorrowMut<Window> + BorrowMut<AppContext> {
1779    #[doc(hidden)]
1780    fn app_mut(&mut self) -> &mut AppContext {
1781        self.borrow_mut()
1782    }
1783
1784    #[doc(hidden)]
1785    fn app(&self) -> &AppContext {
1786        self.borrow()
1787    }
1788
1789    #[doc(hidden)]
1790    fn window(&self) -> &Window {
1791        self.borrow()
1792    }
1793
1794    #[doc(hidden)]
1795    fn window_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Window {
1796        self.borrow_mut()
1797    }
1798}
1799
1800impl Borrow<Window> for WindowContext<'_> {
1801    fn borrow(&self) -> &Window {
1802        self.window
1803    }
1804}
1805
1806impl BorrowMut<Window> for WindowContext<'_> {
1807    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Window {
1808        self.window
1809    }
1810}
1811
1812impl<T> BorrowWindow for T where T: BorrowMut<AppContext> + BorrowMut<Window> {}
1813
1814/// Provides access to application state that is specialized for a particular [`View`].
1815/// Allows you to interact with focus, emit events, etc.
1816/// ViewContext also derefs to [`WindowContext`], giving you access to all of its methods as well.
1817/// When you call [`View::update`], you're passed a `&mut V` and an `&mut ViewContext<V>`.
1818pub struct ViewContext<'a, V> {
1819    window_cx: WindowContext<'a>,
1820    view: &'a View<V>,
1821}
1822
1823impl<V> Borrow<AppContext> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
1824    fn borrow(&self) -> &AppContext {
1825        &*self.window_cx.app
1826    }
1827}
1828
1829impl<V> BorrowMut<AppContext> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
1830    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut AppContext {
1831        &mut *self.window_cx.app
1832    }
1833}
1834
1835impl<V> Borrow<Window> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
1836    fn borrow(&self) -> &Window {
1837        &*self.window_cx.window
1838    }
1839}
1840
1841impl<V> BorrowMut<Window> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
1842    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Window {
1843        &mut *self.window_cx.window
1844    }
1845}
1846
1847impl<'a, V: 'static> ViewContext<'a, V> {
1848    pub(crate) fn new(app: &'a mut AppContext, window: &'a mut Window, view: &'a View<V>) -> Self {
1849        Self {
1850            window_cx: WindowContext::new(app, window),
1851            view,
1852        }
1853    }
1854
1855    /// Get the entity_id of this view.
1856    pub fn entity_id(&self) -> EntityId {
1857        self.view.entity_id()
1858    }
1859
1860    /// Get the view pointer underlying this context.
1861    pub fn view(&self) -> &View<V> {
1862        self.view
1863    }
1864
1865    /// Get the model underlying this view.
1866    pub fn model(&self) -> &Model<V> {
1867        &self.view.model
1868    }
1869
1870    /// Access the underlying window context.
1871    pub fn window_context(&mut self) -> &mut WindowContext<'a> {
1872        &mut self.window_cx
1873    }
1874
1875    /// Sets a given callback to be run on the next frame.
1876    pub fn on_next_frame(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static)
1877    where
1878        V: 'static,
1879    {
1880        let view = self.view().clone();
1881        self.window_cx.on_next_frame(move |cx| view.update(cx, f));
1882    }
1883
1884    /// Schedules the given function to be run at the end of the current effect cycle, allowing entities
1885    /// that are currently on the stack to be returned to the app.
1886    pub fn defer(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static) {
1887        let view = self.view().downgrade();
1888        self.window_cx.defer(move |cx| {
1889            view.update(cx, f).ok();
1890        });
1891    }
1892
1893    /// Observe another model or view for changes to its state, as tracked by [`ModelContext::notify`].
1894    pub fn observe<V2, E>(
1895        &mut self,
1896        entity: &E,
1897        mut on_notify: impl FnMut(&mut V, E, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
1898    ) -> Subscription
1899    where
1900        V2: 'static,
1901        V: 'static,
1902        E: Entity<V2>,
1903    {
1904        let view = self.view().downgrade();
1905        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
1906        let entity = entity.downgrade();
1907        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
1908        let (subscription, activate) = self.app.observers.insert(
1909            entity_id,
1910            Box::new(move |cx| {
1911                window_handle
1912                    .update(cx, |_, cx| {
1913                        if let Some(handle) = E::upgrade_from(&entity) {
1914                            view.update(cx, |this, cx| on_notify(this, handle, cx))
1915                                .is_ok()
1916                        } else {
1917                            false
1918                        }
1919                    })
1920                    .unwrap_or(false)
1921            }),
1922        );
1923        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
1924        subscription
1925    }
1926
1927    /// Subscribe to events emitted by another model or view.
1928    /// The entity to which you're subscribing must implement the [`EventEmitter`] trait.
1929    /// The callback will be invoked with a reference to the current view, a handle to the emitting entity (either a [`View`] or [`Model`]), the event, and a view context for the current view.
1930    pub fn subscribe<V2, E, Evt>(
1931        &mut self,
1932        entity: &E,
1933        mut on_event: impl FnMut(&mut V, E, &Evt, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
1934    ) -> Subscription
1935    where
1936        V2: EventEmitter<Evt>,
1937        E: Entity<V2>,
1938        Evt: 'static,
1939    {
1940        let view = self.view().downgrade();
1941        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
1942        let handle = entity.downgrade();
1943        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
1944        let (subscription, activate) = self.app.event_listeners.insert(
1945            entity_id,
1946            (
1947                TypeId::of::<Evt>(),
1948                Box::new(move |event, cx| {
1949                    window_handle
1950                        .update(cx, |_, cx| {
1951                            if let Some(handle) = E::upgrade_from(&handle) {
1952                                let event = event.downcast_ref().expect("invalid event type");
1953                                view.update(cx, |this, cx| on_event(this, handle, event, cx))
1954                                    .is_ok()
1955                            } else {
1956                                false
1957                            }
1958                        })
1959                        .unwrap_or(false)
1960                }),
1961            ),
1962        );
1963        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
1964        subscription
1965    }
1966
1967    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the view is released.
1968    ///
1969    /// The callback receives a handle to the view's window. This handle may be
1970    /// invalid, if the window was closed before the view was released.
1971    pub fn on_release(
1972        &mut self,
1973        on_release: impl FnOnce(&mut V, AnyWindowHandle, &mut AppContext) + 'static,
1974    ) -> Subscription {
1975        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
1976        let (subscription, activate) = self.app.release_listeners.insert(
1977            self.view.model.entity_id,
1978            Box::new(move |this, cx| {
1979                let this = this.downcast_mut().expect("invalid entity type");
1980                on_release(this, window_handle, cx)
1981            }),
1982        );
1983        activate();
1984        subscription
1985    }
1986
1987    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the given Model or View is released.
1988    pub fn observe_release<V2, E>(
1989        &mut self,
1990        entity: &E,
1991        mut on_release: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut V2, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
1992    ) -> Subscription
1993    where
1994        V: 'static,
1995        V2: 'static,
1996        E: Entity<V2>,
1997    {
1998        let view = self.view().downgrade();
1999        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
2000        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
2001        let (subscription, activate) = self.app.release_listeners.insert(
2002            entity_id,
2003            Box::new(move |entity, cx| {
2004                let entity = entity.downcast_mut().expect("invalid entity type");
2005                let _ = window_handle.update(cx, |_, cx| {
2006                    view.update(cx, |this, cx| on_release(this, entity, cx))
2007                });
2008            }),
2009        );
2010        activate();
2011        subscription
2012    }
2013
2014    /// Indicate that this view has changed, which will invoke any observers and also mark the window as dirty.
2015    /// If this view or any of its ancestors are *cached*, notifying it will cause it or its ancestors to be redrawn.
2016    pub fn notify(&mut self) {
2017        for view_id in self
2018            .window
2019            .rendered_frame
2020            .dispatch_tree
2021            .view_path(self.view.entity_id())
2022            .into_iter()
2023            .rev()
2024        {
2025            if !self.window.dirty_views.insert(view_id) {
2026                break;
2027            }
2028        }
2029
2030        if !self.window.drawing {
2031            self.window_cx.window.dirty.set(true);
2032            self.window_cx.app.push_effect(Effect::Notify {
2033                emitter: self.view.model.entity_id,
2034            });
2035        }
2036    }
2037
2038    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the window is resized.
2039    pub fn observe_window_bounds(
2040        &mut self,
2041        mut callback: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
2042    ) -> Subscription {
2043        let view = self.view.downgrade();
2044        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.bounds_observers.insert(
2045            (),
2046            Box::new(move |cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| callback(view, cx)).is_ok()),
2047        );
2048        activate();
2049        subscription
2050    }
2051
2052    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the window is activated or deactivated.
2053    pub fn observe_window_activation(
2054        &mut self,
2055        mut callback: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
2056    ) -> Subscription {
2057        let view = self.view.downgrade();
2058        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.activation_observers.insert(
2059            (),
2060            Box::new(move |cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| callback(view, cx)).is_ok()),
2061        );
2062        activate();
2063        subscription
2064    }
2065
2066    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle receives focus.
2067    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
2068    pub fn on_focus(
2069        &mut self,
2070        handle: &FocusHandle,
2071        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
2072    ) -> Subscription {
2073        let view = self.view.downgrade();
2074        let focus_id = handle.id;
2075        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.focus_listeners.insert(
2076            (),
2077            Box::new(move |event, cx| {
2078                view.update(cx, |view, cx| {
2079                    if event.previous_focus_path.last() != Some(&focus_id)
2080                        && event.current_focus_path.last() == Some(&focus_id)
2081                    {
2082                        listener(view, cx)
2083                    }
2084                })
2085                .is_ok()
2086            }),
2087        );
2088        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
2089        subscription
2090    }
2091
2092    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle or one of its descendants receives focus.
2093    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
2094    pub fn on_focus_in(
2095        &mut self,
2096        handle: &FocusHandle,
2097        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
2098    ) -> Subscription {
2099        let view = self.view.downgrade();
2100        let focus_id = handle.id;
2101        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.focus_listeners.insert(
2102            (),
2103            Box::new(move |event, cx| {
2104                view.update(cx, |view, cx| {
2105                    if !event.previous_focus_path.contains(&focus_id)
2106                        && event.current_focus_path.contains(&focus_id)
2107                    {
2108                        listener(view, cx)
2109                    }
2110                })
2111                .is_ok()
2112            }),
2113        );
2114        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
2115        subscription
2116    }
2117
2118    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle loses focus.
2119    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
2120    pub fn on_blur(
2121        &mut self,
2122        handle: &FocusHandle,
2123        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
2124    ) -> Subscription {
2125        let view = self.view.downgrade();
2126        let focus_id = handle.id;
2127        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.focus_listeners.insert(
2128            (),
2129            Box::new(move |event, cx| {
2130                view.update(cx, |view, cx| {
2131                    if event.previous_focus_path.last() == Some(&focus_id)
2132                        && event.current_focus_path.last() != Some(&focus_id)
2133                    {
2134                        listener(view, cx)
2135                    }
2136                })
2137                .is_ok()
2138            }),
2139        );
2140        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
2141        subscription
2142    }
2143
2144    /// Register a listener to be called when nothing in the window has focus.
2145    /// This typically happens when the node that was focused is removed from the tree,
2146    /// and this callback lets you chose a default place to restore the users focus.
2147    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
2148    pub fn on_focus_lost(
2149        &mut self,
2150        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
2151    ) -> Subscription {
2152        let view = self.view.downgrade();
2153        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.focus_lost_listeners.insert(
2154            (),
2155            Box::new(move |cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| listener(view, cx)).is_ok()),
2156        );
2157        activate();
2158        subscription
2159    }
2160
2161    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle or one of its descendants loses focus.
2162    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
2163    pub fn on_focus_out(
2164        &mut self,
2165        handle: &FocusHandle,
2166        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
2167    ) -> Subscription {
2168        let view = self.view.downgrade();
2169        let focus_id = handle.id;
2170        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.focus_listeners.insert(
2171            (),
2172            Box::new(move |event, cx| {
2173                view.update(cx, |view, cx| {
2174                    if event.previous_focus_path.contains(&focus_id)
2175                        && !event.current_focus_path.contains(&focus_id)
2176                    {
2177                        listener(view, cx)
2178                    }
2179                })
2180                .is_ok()
2181            }),
2182        );
2183        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
2184        subscription
2185    }
2186
2187    /// Schedule a future to be run asynchronously.
2188    /// The given callback is invoked with a [`WeakView<V>`] to avoid leaking the view for a long-running process.
2189    /// It's also given an [`AsyncWindowContext`], which can be used to access the state of the view across await points.
2190    /// The returned future will be polled on the main thread.
2191    pub fn spawn<Fut, R>(
2192        &mut self,
2193        f: impl FnOnce(WeakView<V>, AsyncWindowContext) -> Fut,
2194    ) -> Task<R>
2195    where
2196        R: 'static,
2197        Fut: Future<Output = R> + 'static,
2198    {
2199        let view = self.view().downgrade();
2200        self.window_cx.spawn(|cx| f(view, cx))
2201    }
2202
2203    /// Updates the global state of the given type.
2204    pub fn update_global<G, R>(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut G, &mut Self) -> R) -> R
2205    where
2206        G: Global,
2207    {
2208        let mut global = self.app.lease_global::<G>();
2209        let result = f(&mut global, self);
2210        self.app.end_global_lease(global);
2211        result
2212    }
2213
2214    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the given global state changes.
2215    pub fn observe_global<G: Global>(
2216        &mut self,
2217        mut f: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
2218    ) -> Subscription {
2219        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
2220        let view = self.view().downgrade();
2221        let (subscription, activate) = self.global_observers.insert(
2222            TypeId::of::<G>(),
2223            Box::new(move |cx| {
2224                window_handle
2225                    .update(cx, |_, cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| f(view, cx)).is_ok())
2226                    .unwrap_or(false)
2227            }),
2228        );
2229        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
2230        subscription
2231    }
2232
2233    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the given Action type is dispatched to the window.
2234    pub fn on_action(
2235        &mut self,
2236        action_type: TypeId,
2237        listener: impl Fn(&mut V, &dyn Any, DispatchPhase, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
2238    ) {
2239        let handle = self.view().clone();
2240        self.window_cx
2241            .on_action(action_type, move |action, phase, cx| {
2242                handle.update(cx, |view, cx| {
2243                    listener(view, action, phase, cx);
2244                })
2245            });
2246    }
2247
2248    /// Emit an event to be handled any other views that have subscribed via [ViewContext::subscribe].
2249    pub fn emit<Evt>(&mut self, event: Evt)
2250    where
2251        Evt: 'static,
2252        V: EventEmitter<Evt>,
2253    {
2254        let emitter = self.view.model.entity_id;
2255        self.app.push_effect(Effect::Emit {
2256            emitter,
2257            event_type: TypeId::of::<Evt>(),
2258            event: Box::new(event),
2259        });
2260    }
2261
2262    /// Move focus to the current view, assuming it implements [`FocusableView`].
2263    pub fn focus_self(&mut self)
2264    where
2265        V: FocusableView,
2266    {
2267        self.defer(|view, cx| view.focus_handle(cx).focus(cx))
2268    }
2269
2270    /// Convenience method for accessing view state in an event callback.
2271    ///
2272    /// Many GPUI callbacks take the form of `Fn(&E, &mut WindowContext)`,
2273    /// but it's often useful to be able to access view state in these
2274    /// callbacks. This method provides a convenient way to do so.
2275    pub fn listener<E>(
2276        &self,
2277        f: impl Fn(&mut V, &E, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
2278    ) -> impl Fn(&E, &mut WindowContext) + 'static {
2279        let view = self.view().downgrade();
2280        move |e: &E, cx: &mut WindowContext| {
2281            view.update(cx, |view, cx| f(view, e, cx)).ok();
2282        }
2283    }
2284}
2285
2286impl<V> Context for ViewContext<'_, V> {
2287    type Result<U> = U;
2288
2289    fn new_model<T: 'static>(
2290        &mut self,
2291        build_model: impl FnOnce(&mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> T,
2292    ) -> Model<T> {
2293        self.window_cx.new_model(build_model)
2294    }
2295
2296    fn update_model<T: 'static, R>(
2297        &mut self,
2298        model: &Model<T>,
2299        update: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> R,
2300    ) -> R {
2301        self.window_cx.update_model(model, update)
2302    }
2303
2304    fn update_window<T, F>(&mut self, window: AnyWindowHandle, update: F) -> Result<T>
2305    where
2306        F: FnOnce(AnyView, &mut WindowContext<'_>) -> T,
2307    {
2308        self.window_cx.update_window(window, update)
2309    }
2310
2311    fn read_model<T, R>(
2312        &self,
2313        handle: &Model<T>,
2314        read: impl FnOnce(&T, &AppContext) -> R,
2315    ) -> Self::Result<R>
2316    where
2317        T: 'static,
2318    {
2319        self.window_cx.read_model(handle, read)
2320    }
2321
2322    fn read_window<T, R>(
2323        &self,
2324        window: &WindowHandle<T>,
2325        read: impl FnOnce(View<T>, &AppContext) -> R,
2326    ) -> Result<R>
2327    where
2328        T: 'static,
2329    {
2330        self.window_cx.read_window(window, read)
2331    }
2332}
2333
2334impl<V: 'static> VisualContext for ViewContext<'_, V> {
2335    fn new_view<W: Render + 'static>(
2336        &mut self,
2337        build_view_state: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, W>) -> W,
2338    ) -> Self::Result<View<W>> {
2339        self.window_cx.new_view(build_view_state)
2340    }
2341
2342    fn update_view<V2: 'static, R>(
2343        &mut self,
2344        view: &View<V2>,
2345        update: impl FnOnce(&mut V2, &mut ViewContext<'_, V2>) -> R,
2346    ) -> Self::Result<R> {
2347        self.window_cx.update_view(view, update)
2348    }
2349
2350    fn replace_root_view<W>(
2351        &mut self,
2352        build_view: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, W>) -> W,
2353    ) -> Self::Result<View<W>>
2354    where
2355        W: 'static + Render,
2356    {
2357        self.window_cx.replace_root_view(build_view)
2358    }
2359
2360    fn focus_view<W: FocusableView>(&mut self, view: &View<W>) -> Self::Result<()> {
2361        self.window_cx.focus_view(view)
2362    }
2363
2364    fn dismiss_view<W: ManagedView>(&mut self, view: &View<W>) -> Self::Result<()> {
2365        self.window_cx.dismiss_view(view)
2366    }
2367}
2368
2369impl<'a, V> std::ops::Deref for ViewContext<'a, V> {
2370    type Target = WindowContext<'a>;
2371
2372    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
2373        &self.window_cx
2374    }
2375}
2376
2377impl<'a, V> std::ops::DerefMut for ViewContext<'a, V> {
2378    fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
2379        &mut self.window_cx
2380    }
2381}
2382
2383// #[derive(Clone, Copy, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
2384slotmap::new_key_type! {
2385    /// A unique identifier for a window.
2386    pub struct WindowId;
2387}
2388
2389impl WindowId {
2390    /// Converts this window ID to a `u64`.
2391    pub fn as_u64(&self) -> u64 {
2392        self.0.as_ffi()
2393    }
2394}
2395
2396/// A handle to a window with a specific root view type.
2397/// Note that this does not keep the window alive on its own.
2398#[derive(Deref, DerefMut)]
2399pub struct WindowHandle<V> {
2400    #[deref]
2401    #[deref_mut]
2402    pub(crate) any_handle: AnyWindowHandle,
2403    state_type: PhantomData<V>,
2404}
2405
2406impl<V: 'static + Render> WindowHandle<V> {
2407    /// Creates a new handle from a window ID.
2408    /// This does not check if the root type of the window is `V`.
2409    pub fn new(id: WindowId) -> Self {
2410        WindowHandle {
2411            any_handle: AnyWindowHandle {
2412                id,
2413                state_type: TypeId::of::<V>(),
2414            },
2415            state_type: PhantomData,
2416        }
2417    }
2418
2419    /// Get the root view out of this window.
2420    ///
2421    /// This will fail if the window is closed or if the root view's type does not match `V`.
2422    pub fn root<C>(&self, cx: &mut C) -> Result<View<V>>
2423    where
2424        C: Context,
2425    {
2426        Flatten::flatten(cx.update_window(self.any_handle, |root_view, _| {
2427            root_view
2428                .downcast::<V>()
2429                .map_err(|_| anyhow!("the type of the window's root view has changed"))
2430        }))
2431    }
2432
2433    /// Updates the root view of this window.
2434    ///
2435    /// This will fail if the window has been closed or if the root view's type does not match
2436    pub fn update<C, R>(
2437        &self,
2438        cx: &mut C,
2439        update: impl FnOnce(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) -> R,
2440    ) -> Result<R>
2441    where
2442        C: Context,
2443    {
2444        cx.update_window(self.any_handle, |root_view, cx| {
2445            let view = root_view
2446                .downcast::<V>()
2447                .map_err(|_| anyhow!("the type of the window's root view has changed"))?;
2448            Ok(cx.update_view(&view, update))
2449        })?
2450    }
2451
2452    /// Read the root view out of this window.
2453    ///
2454    /// This will fail if the window is closed or if the root view's type does not match `V`.
2455    pub fn read<'a>(&self, cx: &'a AppContext) -> Result<&'a V> {
2456        let x = cx
2457            .windows
2458            .get(self.id)
2459            .and_then(|window| {
2460                window
2461                    .as_ref()
2462                    .and_then(|window| window.root_view.clone())
2463                    .map(|root_view| root_view.downcast::<V>())
2464            })
2465            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("window not found"))?
2466            .map_err(|_| anyhow!("the type of the window's root view has changed"))?;
2467
2468        Ok(x.read(cx))
2469    }
2470
2471    /// Read the root view out of this window, with a callback
2472    ///
2473    /// This will fail if the window is closed or if the root view's type does not match `V`.
2474    pub fn read_with<C, R>(&self, cx: &C, read_with: impl FnOnce(&V, &AppContext) -> R) -> Result<R>
2475    where
2476        C: Context,
2477    {
2478        cx.read_window(self, |root_view, cx| read_with(root_view.read(cx), cx))
2479    }
2480
2481    /// Read the root view pointer off of this window.
2482    ///
2483    /// This will fail if the window is closed or if the root view's type does not match `V`.
2484    pub fn root_view<C>(&self, cx: &C) -> Result<View<V>>
2485    where
2486        C: Context,
2487    {
2488        cx.read_window(self, |root_view, _cx| root_view.clone())
2489    }
2490
2491    /// Check if this window is 'active'.
2492    ///
2493    /// Will return `None` if the window is closed.
2494    pub fn is_active(&self, cx: &AppContext) -> Option<bool> {
2495        cx.windows
2496            .get(self.id)
2497            .and_then(|window| window.as_ref().map(|window| window.active))
2498    }
2499}
2500
2501impl<V> Copy for WindowHandle<V> {}
2502
2503impl<V> Clone for WindowHandle<V> {
2504    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
2505        *self
2506    }
2507}
2508
2509impl<V> PartialEq for WindowHandle<V> {
2510    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
2511        self.any_handle == other.any_handle
2512    }
2513}
2514
2515impl<V> Eq for WindowHandle<V> {}
2516
2517impl<V> Hash for WindowHandle<V> {
2518    fn hash<H: Hasher>(&self, state: &mut H) {
2519        self.any_handle.hash(state);
2520    }
2521}
2522
2523impl<V: 'static> From<WindowHandle<V>> for AnyWindowHandle {
2524    fn from(val: WindowHandle<V>) -> Self {
2525        val.any_handle
2526    }
2527}
2528
2529/// A handle to a window with any root view type, which can be downcast to a window with a specific root view type.
2530#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
2531pub struct AnyWindowHandle {
2532    pub(crate) id: WindowId,
2533    state_type: TypeId,
2534}
2535
2536impl AnyWindowHandle {
2537    /// Get the ID of this window.
2538    pub fn window_id(&self) -> WindowId {
2539        self.id
2540    }
2541
2542    /// Attempt to convert this handle to a window handle with a specific root view type.
2543    /// If the types do not match, this will return `None`.
2544    pub fn downcast<T: 'static>(&self) -> Option<WindowHandle<T>> {
2545        if TypeId::of::<T>() == self.state_type {
2546            Some(WindowHandle {
2547                any_handle: *self,
2548                state_type: PhantomData,
2549            })
2550        } else {
2551            None
2552        }
2553    }
2554
2555    /// Updates the state of the root view of this window.
2556    ///
2557    /// This will fail if the window has been closed.
2558    pub fn update<C, R>(
2559        self,
2560        cx: &mut C,
2561        update: impl FnOnce(AnyView, &mut WindowContext<'_>) -> R,
2562    ) -> Result<R>
2563    where
2564        C: Context,
2565    {
2566        cx.update_window(self, update)
2567    }
2568
2569    /// Read the state of the root view of this window.
2570    ///
2571    /// This will fail if the window has been closed.
2572    pub fn read<T, C, R>(self, cx: &C, read: impl FnOnce(View<T>, &AppContext) -> R) -> Result<R>
2573    where
2574        C: Context,
2575        T: 'static,
2576    {
2577        let view = self
2578            .downcast::<T>()
2579            .context("the type of the window's root view has changed")?;
2580
2581        cx.read_window(&view, read)
2582    }
2583}
2584
2585/// An identifier for an [`Element`](crate::Element).
2586///
2587/// Can be constructed with a string, a number, or both, as well
2588/// as other internal representations.
2589#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
2590pub enum ElementId {
2591    /// The ID of a View element
2592    View(EntityId),
2593    /// An integer ID.
2594    Integer(usize),
2595    /// A string based ID.
2596    Name(SharedString),
2597    /// An ID that's equated with a focus handle.
2598    FocusHandle(FocusId),
2599    /// A combination of a name and an integer.
2600    NamedInteger(SharedString, usize),
2601}
2602
2603impl Display for ElementId {
2604    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
2605        match self {
2606            ElementId::View(entity_id) => write!(f, "view-{}", entity_id)?,
2607            ElementId::Integer(ix) => write!(f, "{}", ix)?,
2608            ElementId::Name(name) => write!(f, "{}", name)?,
2609            ElementId::FocusHandle(_) => write!(f, "FocusHandle")?,
2610            ElementId::NamedInteger(s, i) => write!(f, "{}-{}", s, i)?,
2611        }
2612
2613        Ok(())
2614    }
2615}
2616
2617impl ElementId {
2618    pub(crate) fn from_entity_id(entity_id: EntityId) -> Self {
2619        ElementId::View(entity_id)
2620    }
2621}
2622
2623impl TryInto<SharedString> for ElementId {
2624    type Error = anyhow::Error;
2625
2626    fn try_into(self) -> anyhow::Result<SharedString> {
2627        if let ElementId::Name(name) = self {
2628            Ok(name)
2629        } else {
2630            Err(anyhow!("element id is not string"))
2631        }
2632    }
2633}
2634
2635impl From<usize> for ElementId {
2636    fn from(id: usize) -> Self {
2637        ElementId::Integer(id)
2638    }
2639}
2640
2641impl From<i32> for ElementId {
2642    fn from(id: i32) -> Self {
2643        Self::Integer(id as usize)
2644    }
2645}
2646
2647impl From<SharedString> for ElementId {
2648    fn from(name: SharedString) -> Self {
2649        ElementId::Name(name)
2650    }
2651}
2652
2653impl From<&'static str> for ElementId {
2654    fn from(name: &'static str) -> Self {
2655        ElementId::Name(name.into())
2656    }
2657}
2658
2659impl<'a> From<&'a FocusHandle> for ElementId {
2660    fn from(handle: &'a FocusHandle) -> Self {
2661        ElementId::FocusHandle(handle.id)
2662    }
2663}
2664
2665impl From<(&'static str, EntityId)> for ElementId {
2666    fn from((name, id): (&'static str, EntityId)) -> Self {
2667        ElementId::NamedInteger(name.into(), id.as_u64() as usize)
2668    }
2669}
2670
2671impl From<(&'static str, usize)> for ElementId {
2672    fn from((name, id): (&'static str, usize)) -> Self {
2673        ElementId::NamedInteger(name.into(), id)
2674    }
2675}
2676
2677impl From<(&'static str, u64)> for ElementId {
2678    fn from((name, id): (&'static str, u64)) -> Self {
2679        ElementId::NamedInteger(name.into(), id as usize)
2680    }
2681}
2682
2683/// A rectangle to be rendered in the window at the given position and size.
2684/// Passed as an argument [`ElementContext::paint_quad`].
2685#[derive(Clone)]
2686pub struct PaintQuad {
2687    bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
2688    corner_radii: Corners<Pixels>,
2689    background: Hsla,
2690    border_widths: Edges<Pixels>,
2691    border_color: Hsla,
2692}
2693
2694impl PaintQuad {
2695    /// Sets the corner radii of the quad.
2696    pub fn corner_radii(self, corner_radii: impl Into<Corners<Pixels>>) -> Self {
2697        PaintQuad {
2698            corner_radii: corner_radii.into(),
2699            ..self
2700        }
2701    }
2702
2703    /// Sets the border widths of the quad.
2704    pub fn border_widths(self, border_widths: impl Into<Edges<Pixels>>) -> Self {
2705        PaintQuad {
2706            border_widths: border_widths.into(),
2707            ..self
2708        }
2709    }
2710
2711    /// Sets the border color of the quad.
2712    pub fn border_color(self, border_color: impl Into<Hsla>) -> Self {
2713        PaintQuad {
2714            border_color: border_color.into(),
2715            ..self
2716        }
2717    }
2718
2719    /// Sets the background color of the quad.
2720    pub fn background(self, background: impl Into<Hsla>) -> Self {
2721        PaintQuad {
2722            background: background.into(),
2723            ..self
2724        }
2725    }
2726}
2727
2728/// Creates a quad with the given parameters.
2729pub fn quad(
2730    bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
2731    corner_radii: impl Into<Corners<Pixels>>,
2732    background: impl Into<Hsla>,
2733    border_widths: impl Into<Edges<Pixels>>,
2734    border_color: impl Into<Hsla>,
2735) -> PaintQuad {
2736    PaintQuad {
2737        bounds,
2738        corner_radii: corner_radii.into(),
2739        background: background.into(),
2740        border_widths: border_widths.into(),
2741        border_color: border_color.into(),
2742    }
2743}
2744
2745/// Creates a filled quad with the given bounds and background color.
2746pub fn fill(bounds: impl Into<Bounds<Pixels>>, background: impl Into<Hsla>) -> PaintQuad {
2747    PaintQuad {
2748        bounds: bounds.into(),
2749        corner_radii: (0.).into(),
2750        background: background.into(),
2751        border_widths: (0.).into(),
2752        border_color: transparent_black(),
2753    }
2754}
2755
2756/// Creates a rectangle outline with the given bounds, border color, and a 1px border width
2757pub fn outline(bounds: impl Into<Bounds<Pixels>>, border_color: impl Into<Hsla>) -> PaintQuad {
2758    PaintQuad {
2759        bounds: bounds.into(),
2760        corner_radii: (0.).into(),
2761        background: transparent_black(),
2762        border_widths: (1.).into(),
2763        border_color: border_color.into(),
2764    }
2765}