sum_tree.rs

   1mod cursor;
   2
   3use arrayvec::ArrayVec;
   4pub use cursor::Cursor;
   5pub use cursor::FilterCursor;
   6use std::marker::PhantomData;
   7use std::{cmp::Ordering, fmt, iter::FromIterator, sync::Arc};
   8
   9#[cfg(test)]
  10const TREE_BASE: usize = 2;
  11#[cfg(not(test))]
  12const TREE_BASE: usize = 6;
  13
  14pub trait Item: Clone {
  15    type Summary: Summary;
  16
  17    fn summary(&self) -> Self::Summary;
  18}
  19
  20pub trait KeyedItem: Item {
  21    type Key: for<'a> Dimension<'a, Self::Summary> + Ord;
  22
  23    fn key(&self) -> Self::Key;
  24}
  25
  26pub trait Summary: Default + Clone + fmt::Debug {
  27    type Context;
  28
  29    fn add_summary(&mut self, summary: &Self, cx: &Self::Context);
  30}
  31
  32pub trait Dimension<'a, S: Summary>: Clone + fmt::Debug + Default {
  33    fn add_summary(&mut self, _summary: &'a S, _: &S::Context);
  34
  35    fn from_summary(summary: &'a S, cx: &S::Context) -> Self {
  36        let mut dimension = Self::default();
  37        dimension.add_summary(summary, cx);
  38        dimension
  39    }
  40}
  41
  42impl<'a, T: Summary> Dimension<'a, T> for T {
  43    fn add_summary(&mut self, summary: &'a T, cx: &T::Context) {
  44        Summary::add_summary(self, summary, cx);
  45    }
  46}
  47
  48pub trait SeekTarget<'a, S: Summary, D: Dimension<'a, S>>: fmt::Debug {
  49    fn cmp(&self, cursor_location: &D, cx: &S::Context) -> Ordering;
  50}
  51
  52impl<'a, S: Summary, D: Dimension<'a, S> + Ord> SeekTarget<'a, S, D> for D {
  53    fn cmp(&self, cursor_location: &Self, _: &S::Context) -> Ordering {
  54        Ord::cmp(self, cursor_location)
  55    }
  56}
  57
  58impl<'a, T: Summary> Dimension<'a, T> for () {
  59    fn add_summary(&mut self, _: &'a T, _: &T::Context) {}
  60}
  61
  62impl<'a, T: Summary, D1: Dimension<'a, T>, D2: Dimension<'a, T>> Dimension<'a, T> for (D1, D2) {
  63    fn add_summary(&mut self, summary: &'a T, cx: &T::Context) {
  64        self.0.add_summary(summary, cx);
  65        self.1.add_summary(summary, cx);
  66    }
  67}
  68
  69impl<'a, S: Summary, D1: SeekTarget<'a, S, D1> + Dimension<'a, S>, D2: Dimension<'a, S>>
  70    SeekTarget<'a, S, (D1, D2)> for D1
  71{
  72    fn cmp(&self, cursor_location: &(D1, D2), cx: &S::Context) -> Ordering {
  73        self.cmp(&cursor_location.0, cx)
  74    }
  75}
  76
  77struct End<D>(PhantomData<D>);
  78
  79impl<D> End<D> {
  80    fn new() -> Self {
  81        Self(PhantomData)
  82    }
  83}
  84
  85impl<'a, S: Summary, D: Dimension<'a, S>> SeekTarget<'a, S, D> for End<D> {
  86    fn cmp(&self, _: &D, _: &S::Context) -> Ordering {
  87        Ordering::Greater
  88    }
  89}
  90
  91impl<D> fmt::Debug for End<D> {
  92    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
  93        f.debug_tuple("End").finish()
  94    }
  95}
  96
  97#[derive(Copy, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Debug, Hash)]
  98pub enum Bias {
  99    Left,
 100    Right,
 101}
 102
 103impl PartialOrd for Bias {
 104    fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Option<Ordering> {
 105        Some(self.cmp(other))
 106    }
 107}
 108
 109impl Ord for Bias {
 110    fn cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Ordering {
 111        match (self, other) {
 112            (Self::Left, Self::Left) => Ordering::Equal,
 113            (Self::Left, Self::Right) => Ordering::Less,
 114            (Self::Right, Self::Right) => Ordering::Equal,
 115            (Self::Right, Self::Left) => Ordering::Greater,
 116        }
 117    }
 118}
 119
 120#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 121pub struct SumTree<T: Item>(Arc<Node<T>>);
 122
 123impl<T: Item> SumTree<T> {
 124    pub fn new() -> Self {
 125        SumTree(Arc::new(Node::Leaf {
 126            summary: T::Summary::default(),
 127            items: ArrayVec::new(),
 128            item_summaries: ArrayVec::new(),
 129        }))
 130    }
 131
 132    pub fn from_item(item: T, cx: &<T::Summary as Summary>::Context) -> Self {
 133        let mut tree = Self::new();
 134        tree.push(item, cx);
 135        tree
 136    }
 137
 138    pub fn from_iter<I: IntoIterator<Item = T>>(
 139        iter: I,
 140        cx: &<T::Summary as Summary>::Context,
 141    ) -> Self {
 142        let mut tree = Self::new();
 143        tree.extend(iter, cx);
 144        tree
 145    }
 146
 147    #[allow(unused)]
 148    pub fn items(&self, cx: &<T::Summary as Summary>::Context) -> Vec<T> {
 149        let mut items = Vec::new();
 150        let mut cursor = self.cursor::<()>();
 151        cursor.next(cx);
 152        while let Some(item) = cursor.item() {
 153            items.push(item.clone());
 154            cursor.next(cx);
 155        }
 156        items
 157    }
 158
 159    pub fn cursor<'a, S>(&'a self) -> Cursor<T, S>
 160    where
 161        S: Dimension<'a, T::Summary>,
 162    {
 163        Cursor::new(self)
 164    }
 165
 166    pub fn filter<'a, F, U>(
 167        &'a self,
 168        filter_node: F,
 169        cx: &<T::Summary as Summary>::Context,
 170    ) -> FilterCursor<F, T, U>
 171    where
 172        F: FnMut(&T::Summary) -> bool,
 173        U: Dimension<'a, T::Summary>,
 174    {
 175        FilterCursor::new(self, filter_node, cx)
 176    }
 177
 178    #[allow(dead_code)]
 179    pub fn first(&self) -> Option<&T> {
 180        self.leftmost_leaf().0.items().first()
 181    }
 182
 183    pub fn last(&self) -> Option<&T> {
 184        self.rightmost_leaf().0.items().last()
 185    }
 186
 187    pub fn update_last(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut T), cx: &<T::Summary as Summary>::Context) {
 188        self.update_last_recursive(f, cx);
 189    }
 190
 191    fn update_last_recursive(
 192        &mut self,
 193        f: impl FnOnce(&mut T),
 194        cx: &<T::Summary as Summary>::Context,
 195    ) -> Option<T::Summary> {
 196        match Arc::make_mut(&mut self.0) {
 197            Node::Internal {
 198                summary,
 199                child_summaries,
 200                child_trees,
 201                ..
 202            } => {
 203                let last_summary = child_summaries.last_mut().unwrap();
 204                let last_child = child_trees.last_mut().unwrap();
 205                *last_summary = last_child.update_last_recursive(f, cx).unwrap();
 206                *summary = sum(child_summaries.iter(), cx);
 207                Some(summary.clone())
 208            }
 209            Node::Leaf {
 210                summary,
 211                items,
 212                item_summaries,
 213            } => {
 214                if let Some((item, item_summary)) = items.last_mut().zip(item_summaries.last_mut())
 215                {
 216                    (f)(item);
 217                    *item_summary = item.summary();
 218                    *summary = sum(item_summaries.iter(), cx);
 219                    Some(summary.clone())
 220                } else {
 221                    None
 222                }
 223            }
 224        }
 225    }
 226
 227    pub fn extent<'a, D: Dimension<'a, T::Summary>>(
 228        &'a self,
 229        cx: &<T::Summary as Summary>::Context,
 230    ) -> D {
 231        let mut extent = D::default();
 232        match self.0.as_ref() {
 233            Node::Internal { summary, .. } | Node::Leaf { summary, .. } => {
 234                extent.add_summary(summary, cx);
 235            }
 236        }
 237        extent
 238    }
 239
 240    pub fn summary(&self) -> T::Summary {
 241        match self.0.as_ref() {
 242            Node::Internal { summary, .. } => summary.clone(),
 243            Node::Leaf { summary, .. } => summary.clone(),
 244        }
 245    }
 246
 247    pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
 248        match self.0.as_ref() {
 249            Node::Internal { .. } => false,
 250            Node::Leaf { items, .. } => items.is_empty(),
 251        }
 252    }
 253
 254    pub fn extend<I>(&mut self, iter: I, cx: &<T::Summary as Summary>::Context)
 255    where
 256        I: IntoIterator<Item = T>,
 257    {
 258        let mut leaf: Option<Node<T>> = None;
 259
 260        for item in iter {
 261            if leaf.is_some() && leaf.as_ref().unwrap().items().len() == 2 * TREE_BASE {
 262                self.push_tree(SumTree(Arc::new(leaf.take().unwrap())), cx);
 263            }
 264
 265            if leaf.is_none() {
 266                leaf = Some(Node::Leaf::<T> {
 267                    summary: T::Summary::default(),
 268                    items: ArrayVec::new(),
 269                    item_summaries: ArrayVec::new(),
 270                });
 271            }
 272
 273            if let Some(Node::Leaf {
 274                summary,
 275                items,
 276                item_summaries,
 277            }) = leaf.as_mut()
 278            {
 279                let item_summary = item.summary();
 280                <T::Summary as Summary>::add_summary(summary, &item_summary, cx);
 281                items.push(item);
 282                item_summaries.push(item_summary);
 283            } else {
 284                unreachable!()
 285            }
 286        }
 287
 288        if leaf.is_some() {
 289            self.push_tree(SumTree(Arc::new(leaf.take().unwrap())), cx);
 290        }
 291    }
 292
 293    pub fn push(&mut self, item: T, cx: &<T::Summary as Summary>::Context) {
 294        let summary = item.summary();
 295        self.push_tree(
 296            SumTree(Arc::new(Node::Leaf {
 297                summary: summary.clone(),
 298                items: ArrayVec::from_iter(Some(item)),
 299                item_summaries: ArrayVec::from_iter(Some(summary)),
 300            })),
 301            cx,
 302        );
 303    }
 304
 305    pub fn push_tree(&mut self, other: Self, cx: &<T::Summary as Summary>::Context) {
 306        if !other.0.is_leaf() || other.0.items().len() > 0 {
 307            if self.0.height() < other.0.height() {
 308                for tree in other.0.child_trees() {
 309                    self.push_tree(tree.clone(), cx);
 310                }
 311            } else if let Some(split_tree) = self.push_tree_recursive(other, cx) {
 312                *self = Self::from_child_trees(self.clone(), split_tree, cx);
 313            }
 314        }
 315    }
 316
 317    fn push_tree_recursive(
 318        &mut self,
 319        other: SumTree<T>,
 320        cx: &<T::Summary as Summary>::Context,
 321    ) -> Option<SumTree<T>> {
 322        match Arc::make_mut(&mut self.0) {
 323            Node::Internal {
 324                height,
 325                summary,
 326                child_summaries,
 327                child_trees,
 328                ..
 329            } => {
 330                let other_node = other.0.clone();
 331                <T::Summary as Summary>::add_summary(summary, other_node.summary(), cx);
 332
 333                let height_delta = *height - other_node.height();
 334                let mut summaries_to_append = ArrayVec::<T::Summary, { 2 * TREE_BASE }>::new();
 335                let mut trees_to_append = ArrayVec::<SumTree<T>, { 2 * TREE_BASE }>::new();
 336                if height_delta == 0 {
 337                    summaries_to_append.extend(other_node.child_summaries().iter().cloned());
 338                    trees_to_append.extend(other_node.child_trees().iter().cloned());
 339                } else if height_delta == 1 && !other_node.is_underflowing() {
 340                    summaries_to_append.push(other_node.summary().clone());
 341                    trees_to_append.push(other)
 342                } else {
 343                    let tree_to_append = child_trees
 344                        .last_mut()
 345                        .unwrap()
 346                        .push_tree_recursive(other, cx);
 347                    *child_summaries.last_mut().unwrap() =
 348                        child_trees.last().unwrap().0.summary().clone();
 349
 350                    if let Some(split_tree) = tree_to_append {
 351                        summaries_to_append.push(split_tree.0.summary().clone());
 352                        trees_to_append.push(split_tree);
 353                    }
 354                }
 355
 356                let child_count = child_trees.len() + trees_to_append.len();
 357                if child_count > 2 * TREE_BASE {
 358                    let left_summaries: ArrayVec<_, { 2 * TREE_BASE }>;
 359                    let right_summaries: ArrayVec<_, { 2 * TREE_BASE }>;
 360                    let left_trees;
 361                    let right_trees;
 362
 363                    let midpoint = (child_count + child_count % 2) / 2;
 364                    {
 365                        let mut all_summaries = child_summaries
 366                            .iter()
 367                            .chain(summaries_to_append.iter())
 368                            .cloned();
 369                        left_summaries = all_summaries.by_ref().take(midpoint).collect();
 370                        right_summaries = all_summaries.collect();
 371                        let mut all_trees =
 372                            child_trees.iter().chain(trees_to_append.iter()).cloned();
 373                        left_trees = all_trees.by_ref().take(midpoint).collect();
 374                        right_trees = all_trees.collect();
 375                    }
 376                    *summary = sum(left_summaries.iter(), cx);
 377                    *child_summaries = left_summaries;
 378                    *child_trees = left_trees;
 379
 380                    Some(SumTree(Arc::new(Node::Internal {
 381                        height: *height,
 382                        summary: sum(right_summaries.iter(), cx),
 383                        child_summaries: right_summaries,
 384                        child_trees: right_trees,
 385                    })))
 386                } else {
 387                    child_summaries.extend(summaries_to_append);
 388                    child_trees.extend(trees_to_append);
 389                    None
 390                }
 391            }
 392            Node::Leaf {
 393                summary,
 394                items,
 395                item_summaries,
 396            } => {
 397                let other_node = other.0;
 398
 399                let child_count = items.len() + other_node.items().len();
 400                if child_count > 2 * TREE_BASE {
 401                    let left_items;
 402                    let right_items;
 403                    let left_summaries;
 404                    let right_summaries: ArrayVec<T::Summary, { 2 * TREE_BASE }>;
 405
 406                    let midpoint = (child_count + child_count % 2) / 2;
 407                    {
 408                        let mut all_items = items.iter().chain(other_node.items().iter()).cloned();
 409                        left_items = all_items.by_ref().take(midpoint).collect();
 410                        right_items = all_items.collect();
 411
 412                        let mut all_summaries = item_summaries
 413                            .iter()
 414                            .chain(other_node.child_summaries())
 415                            .cloned();
 416                        left_summaries = all_summaries.by_ref().take(midpoint).collect();
 417                        right_summaries = all_summaries.collect();
 418                    }
 419                    *items = left_items;
 420                    *item_summaries = left_summaries;
 421                    *summary = sum(item_summaries.iter(), cx);
 422                    Some(SumTree(Arc::new(Node::Leaf {
 423                        items: right_items,
 424                        summary: sum(right_summaries.iter(), cx),
 425                        item_summaries: right_summaries,
 426                    })))
 427                } else {
 428                    <T::Summary as Summary>::add_summary(summary, other_node.summary(), cx);
 429                    items.extend(other_node.items().iter().cloned());
 430                    item_summaries.extend(other_node.child_summaries().iter().cloned());
 431                    None
 432                }
 433            }
 434        }
 435    }
 436
 437    fn from_child_trees(
 438        left: SumTree<T>,
 439        right: SumTree<T>,
 440        cx: &<T::Summary as Summary>::Context,
 441    ) -> Self {
 442        let height = left.0.height() + 1;
 443        let mut child_summaries = ArrayVec::new();
 444        child_summaries.push(left.0.summary().clone());
 445        child_summaries.push(right.0.summary().clone());
 446        let mut child_trees = ArrayVec::new();
 447        child_trees.push(left);
 448        child_trees.push(right);
 449        SumTree(Arc::new(Node::Internal {
 450            height,
 451            summary: sum(child_summaries.iter(), cx),
 452            child_summaries,
 453            child_trees,
 454        }))
 455    }
 456
 457    fn leftmost_leaf(&self) -> &Self {
 458        match *self.0 {
 459            Node::Leaf { .. } => self,
 460            Node::Internal {
 461                ref child_trees, ..
 462            } => child_trees.first().unwrap().leftmost_leaf(),
 463        }
 464    }
 465
 466    fn rightmost_leaf(&self) -> &Self {
 467        match *self.0 {
 468            Node::Leaf { .. } => self,
 469            Node::Internal {
 470                ref child_trees, ..
 471            } => child_trees.last().unwrap().rightmost_leaf(),
 472        }
 473    }
 474}
 475
 476impl<T: KeyedItem> SumTree<T> {
 477    pub fn insert_or_replace(&mut self, item: T, cx: &<T::Summary as Summary>::Context) -> bool {
 478        let mut replaced = false;
 479        *self = {
 480            let mut cursor = self.cursor::<T::Key>();
 481            let mut new_tree = cursor.slice(&item.key(), Bias::Left, cx);
 482            if cursor
 483                .item()
 484                .map_or(false, |cursor_item| cursor_item.key() == item.key())
 485            {
 486                cursor.next(cx);
 487                replaced = true;
 488            }
 489            new_tree.push(item, cx);
 490            new_tree.push_tree(cursor.suffix(cx), cx);
 491            new_tree
 492        };
 493        replaced
 494    }
 495
 496    pub fn edit(
 497        &mut self,
 498        mut edits: Vec<Edit<T>>,
 499        cx: &<T::Summary as Summary>::Context,
 500    ) -> Vec<T> {
 501        if edits.is_empty() {
 502            return Vec::new();
 503        }
 504
 505        let mut removed = Vec::new();
 506        edits.sort_unstable_by_key(|item| item.key());
 507
 508        *self = {
 509            let mut cursor = self.cursor::<T::Key>();
 510            let mut new_tree = SumTree::new();
 511            let mut buffered_items = Vec::new();
 512
 513            cursor.seek(&T::Key::default(), Bias::Left, cx);
 514            for edit in edits {
 515                let new_key = edit.key();
 516                let mut old_item = cursor.item();
 517
 518                if old_item
 519                    .as_ref()
 520                    .map_or(false, |old_item| old_item.key() < new_key)
 521                {
 522                    new_tree.extend(buffered_items.drain(..), cx);
 523                    let slice = cursor.slice(&new_key, Bias::Left, cx);
 524                    new_tree.push_tree(slice, cx);
 525                    old_item = cursor.item();
 526                }
 527
 528                if let Some(old_item) = old_item {
 529                    if old_item.key() == new_key {
 530                        removed.push(old_item.clone());
 531                        cursor.next(cx);
 532                    }
 533                }
 534
 535                match edit {
 536                    Edit::Insert(item) => {
 537                        buffered_items.push(item);
 538                    }
 539                    Edit::Remove(_) => {}
 540                }
 541            }
 542
 543            new_tree.extend(buffered_items, cx);
 544            new_tree.push_tree(cursor.suffix(cx), cx);
 545            new_tree
 546        };
 547
 548        removed
 549    }
 550
 551    pub fn get(&self, key: &T::Key, cx: &<T::Summary as Summary>::Context) -> Option<&T> {
 552        let mut cursor = self.cursor::<T::Key>();
 553        if cursor.seek(key, Bias::Left, cx) {
 554            cursor.item()
 555        } else {
 556            None
 557        }
 558    }
 559}
 560
 561impl<T: Item> Default for SumTree<T> {
 562    fn default() -> Self {
 563        Self::new()
 564    }
 565}
 566
 567#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 568pub enum Node<T: Item> {
 569    Internal {
 570        height: u8,
 571        summary: T::Summary,
 572        child_summaries: ArrayVec<T::Summary, { 2 * TREE_BASE }>,
 573        child_trees: ArrayVec<SumTree<T>, { 2 * TREE_BASE }>,
 574    },
 575    Leaf {
 576        summary: T::Summary,
 577        items: ArrayVec<T, { 2 * TREE_BASE }>,
 578        item_summaries: ArrayVec<T::Summary, { 2 * TREE_BASE }>,
 579    },
 580}
 581
 582impl<T: Item> Node<T> {
 583    fn is_leaf(&self) -> bool {
 584        match self {
 585            Node::Leaf { .. } => true,
 586            _ => false,
 587        }
 588    }
 589
 590    fn height(&self) -> u8 {
 591        match self {
 592            Node::Internal { height, .. } => *height,
 593            Node::Leaf { .. } => 0,
 594        }
 595    }
 596
 597    fn summary(&self) -> &T::Summary {
 598        match self {
 599            Node::Internal { summary, .. } => summary,
 600            Node::Leaf { summary, .. } => summary,
 601        }
 602    }
 603
 604    fn child_summaries(&self) -> &[T::Summary] {
 605        match self {
 606            Node::Internal {
 607                child_summaries, ..
 608            } => child_summaries.as_slice(),
 609            Node::Leaf { item_summaries, .. } => item_summaries.as_slice(),
 610        }
 611    }
 612
 613    fn child_trees(&self) -> &ArrayVec<SumTree<T>, { 2 * TREE_BASE }> {
 614        match self {
 615            Node::Internal { child_trees, .. } => child_trees,
 616            Node::Leaf { .. } => panic!("Leaf nodes have no child trees"),
 617        }
 618    }
 619
 620    fn items(&self) -> &ArrayVec<T, { 2 * TREE_BASE }> {
 621        match self {
 622            Node::Leaf { items, .. } => items,
 623            Node::Internal { .. } => panic!("Internal nodes have no items"),
 624        }
 625    }
 626
 627    fn is_underflowing(&self) -> bool {
 628        match self {
 629            Node::Internal { child_trees, .. } => child_trees.len() < TREE_BASE,
 630            Node::Leaf { items, .. } => items.len() < TREE_BASE,
 631        }
 632    }
 633}
 634
 635#[derive(Debug)]
 636pub enum Edit<T: KeyedItem> {
 637    Insert(T),
 638    Remove(T::Key),
 639}
 640
 641impl<T: KeyedItem> Edit<T> {
 642    fn key(&self) -> T::Key {
 643        match self {
 644            Edit::Insert(item) => item.key(),
 645            Edit::Remove(key) => key.clone(),
 646        }
 647    }
 648}
 649
 650fn sum<'a, T, I>(iter: I, cx: &T::Context) -> T
 651where
 652    T: 'a + Summary,
 653    I: Iterator<Item = &'a T>,
 654{
 655    let mut sum = T::default();
 656    for value in iter {
 657        sum.add_summary(value, cx);
 658    }
 659    sum
 660}
 661
 662#[cfg(test)]
 663mod tests {
 664    use super::*;
 665    use rand::{distributions, prelude::*};
 666    use std::cmp;
 667
 668    #[test]
 669    fn test_extend_and_push_tree() {
 670        let mut tree1 = SumTree::new();
 671        tree1.extend(0..20, &());
 672
 673        let mut tree2 = SumTree::new();
 674        tree2.extend(50..100, &());
 675
 676        tree1.push_tree(tree2, &());
 677        assert_eq!(
 678            tree1.items(&()),
 679            (0..20).chain(50..100).collect::<Vec<u8>>()
 680        );
 681    }
 682
 683    #[test]
 684    fn test_random() {
 685        let mut starting_seed = 0;
 686        if let Ok(value) = std::env::var("SEED") {
 687            starting_seed = value.parse().expect("invalid SEED variable");
 688        }
 689        let mut num_iterations = 100;
 690        if let Ok(value) = std::env::var("ITERATIONS") {
 691            num_iterations = value.parse().expect("invalid ITERATIONS variable");
 692        }
 693
 694        for seed in starting_seed..(starting_seed + num_iterations) {
 695            let mut rng = StdRng::seed_from_u64(seed);
 696
 697            let rng = &mut rng;
 698            let mut tree = SumTree::<u8>::new();
 699            let count = rng.gen_range(0..10);
 700            tree.extend(rng.sample_iter(distributions::Standard).take(count), &());
 701
 702            for _ in 0..5 {
 703                let splice_end = rng.gen_range(0..tree.extent::<Count>(&()).0 + 1);
 704                let splice_start = rng.gen_range(0..splice_end + 1);
 705                let count = rng.gen_range(0..3);
 706                let tree_end = tree.extent::<Count>(&());
 707                let new_items = rng
 708                    .sample_iter(distributions::Standard)
 709                    .take(count)
 710                    .collect::<Vec<u8>>();
 711
 712                let mut reference_items = tree.items(&());
 713                reference_items.splice(splice_start..splice_end, new_items.clone());
 714
 715                tree = {
 716                    let mut cursor = tree.cursor::<Count>();
 717                    let mut new_tree = cursor.slice(&Count(splice_start), Bias::Right, &());
 718                    new_tree.extend(new_items, &());
 719                    cursor.seek(&Count(splice_end), Bias::Right, &());
 720                    new_tree.push_tree(cursor.slice(&tree_end, Bias::Right, &()), &());
 721                    new_tree
 722                };
 723
 724                assert_eq!(tree.items(&()), reference_items);
 725
 726                let mut filter_cursor =
 727                    tree.filter::<_, Count>(|summary| summary.contains_even, &());
 728                let mut reference_filter = tree
 729                    .items(&())
 730                    .into_iter()
 731                    .enumerate()
 732                    .filter(|(_, item)| (item & 1) == 0);
 733                while let Some(actual_item) = filter_cursor.item() {
 734                    let (reference_index, reference_item) = reference_filter.next().unwrap();
 735                    assert_eq!(actual_item, &reference_item);
 736                    assert_eq!(filter_cursor.start().0, reference_index);
 737                    filter_cursor.next(&());
 738                }
 739                assert!(reference_filter.next().is_none());
 740
 741                let mut pos = rng.gen_range(0..tree.extent::<Count>(&()).0 + 1);
 742                let mut before_start = false;
 743                let mut cursor = tree.cursor::<Count>();
 744                cursor.seek(&Count(pos), Bias::Right, &());
 745
 746                for i in 0..10 {
 747                    assert_eq!(cursor.start().0, pos);
 748
 749                    if pos > 0 {
 750                        assert_eq!(cursor.prev_item().unwrap(), &reference_items[pos - 1]);
 751                    } else {
 752                        assert_eq!(cursor.prev_item(), None);
 753                    }
 754
 755                    if pos < reference_items.len() && !before_start {
 756                        assert_eq!(cursor.item().unwrap(), &reference_items[pos]);
 757                    } else {
 758                        assert_eq!(cursor.item(), None);
 759                    }
 760
 761                    if i < 5 {
 762                        cursor.next(&());
 763                        if pos < reference_items.len() {
 764                            pos += 1;
 765                            before_start = false;
 766                        }
 767                    } else {
 768                        cursor.prev(&());
 769                        if pos == 0 {
 770                            before_start = true;
 771                        }
 772                        pos = pos.saturating_sub(1);
 773                    }
 774                }
 775            }
 776
 777            for _ in 0..10 {
 778                let end = rng.gen_range(0..tree.extent::<Count>(&()).0 + 1);
 779                let start = rng.gen_range(0..end + 1);
 780                let start_bias = if rng.gen() { Bias::Left } else { Bias::Right };
 781                let end_bias = if rng.gen() { Bias::Left } else { Bias::Right };
 782
 783                let mut cursor = tree.cursor::<Count>();
 784                cursor.seek(&Count(start), start_bias, &());
 785                let slice = cursor.slice(&Count(end), end_bias, &());
 786
 787                cursor.seek(&Count(start), start_bias, &());
 788                let summary = cursor.summary::<_, Sum>(&Count(end), end_bias, &());
 789
 790                assert_eq!(summary.0, slice.summary().sum);
 791            }
 792        }
 793    }
 794
 795    #[test]
 796    fn test_cursor() {
 797        // Empty tree
 798        let tree = SumTree::<u8>::new();
 799        let mut cursor = tree.cursor::<IntegersSummary>();
 800        assert_eq!(
 801            cursor.slice(&Count(0), Bias::Right, &()).items(&()),
 802            Vec::<u8>::new()
 803        );
 804        assert_eq!(cursor.item(), None);
 805        assert_eq!(cursor.prev_item(), None);
 806        assert_eq!(cursor.start().sum, 0);
 807
 808        // Single-element tree
 809        let mut tree = SumTree::<u8>::new();
 810        tree.extend(vec![1], &());
 811        let mut cursor = tree.cursor::<IntegersSummary>();
 812        assert_eq!(
 813            cursor.slice(&Count(0), Bias::Right, &()).items(&()),
 814            Vec::<u8>::new()
 815        );
 816        assert_eq!(cursor.item(), Some(&1));
 817        assert_eq!(cursor.prev_item(), None);
 818        assert_eq!(cursor.start().sum, 0);
 819
 820        cursor.next(&());
 821        assert_eq!(cursor.item(), None);
 822        assert_eq!(cursor.prev_item(), Some(&1));
 823        assert_eq!(cursor.start().sum, 1);
 824
 825        cursor.prev(&());
 826        assert_eq!(cursor.item(), Some(&1));
 827        assert_eq!(cursor.prev_item(), None);
 828        assert_eq!(cursor.start().sum, 0);
 829
 830        let mut cursor = tree.cursor::<IntegersSummary>();
 831        assert_eq!(cursor.slice(&Count(1), Bias::Right, &()).items(&()), [1]);
 832        assert_eq!(cursor.item(), None);
 833        assert_eq!(cursor.prev_item(), Some(&1));
 834        assert_eq!(cursor.start().sum, 1);
 835
 836        cursor.seek(&Count(0), Bias::Right, &());
 837        assert_eq!(
 838            cursor
 839                .slice(&tree.extent::<Count>(&()), Bias::Right, &())
 840                .items(&()),
 841            [1]
 842        );
 843        assert_eq!(cursor.item(), None);
 844        assert_eq!(cursor.prev_item(), Some(&1));
 845        assert_eq!(cursor.start().sum, 1);
 846
 847        // Multiple-element tree
 848        let mut tree = SumTree::new();
 849        tree.extend(vec![1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], &());
 850        let mut cursor = tree.cursor::<IntegersSummary>();
 851
 852        assert_eq!(cursor.slice(&Count(2), Bias::Right, &()).items(&()), [1, 2]);
 853        assert_eq!(cursor.item(), Some(&3));
 854        assert_eq!(cursor.prev_item(), Some(&2));
 855        assert_eq!(cursor.start().sum, 3);
 856
 857        cursor.next(&());
 858        assert_eq!(cursor.item(), Some(&4));
 859        assert_eq!(cursor.prev_item(), Some(&3));
 860        assert_eq!(cursor.start().sum, 6);
 861
 862        cursor.next(&());
 863        assert_eq!(cursor.item(), Some(&5));
 864        assert_eq!(cursor.prev_item(), Some(&4));
 865        assert_eq!(cursor.start().sum, 10);
 866
 867        cursor.next(&());
 868        assert_eq!(cursor.item(), Some(&6));
 869        assert_eq!(cursor.prev_item(), Some(&5));
 870        assert_eq!(cursor.start().sum, 15);
 871
 872        cursor.next(&());
 873        cursor.next(&());
 874        assert_eq!(cursor.item(), None);
 875        assert_eq!(cursor.prev_item(), Some(&6));
 876        assert_eq!(cursor.start().sum, 21);
 877
 878        cursor.prev(&());
 879        assert_eq!(cursor.item(), Some(&6));
 880        assert_eq!(cursor.prev_item(), Some(&5));
 881        assert_eq!(cursor.start().sum, 15);
 882
 883        cursor.prev(&());
 884        assert_eq!(cursor.item(), Some(&5));
 885        assert_eq!(cursor.prev_item(), Some(&4));
 886        assert_eq!(cursor.start().sum, 10);
 887
 888        cursor.prev(&());
 889        assert_eq!(cursor.item(), Some(&4));
 890        assert_eq!(cursor.prev_item(), Some(&3));
 891        assert_eq!(cursor.start().sum, 6);
 892
 893        cursor.prev(&());
 894        assert_eq!(cursor.item(), Some(&3));
 895        assert_eq!(cursor.prev_item(), Some(&2));
 896        assert_eq!(cursor.start().sum, 3);
 897
 898        cursor.prev(&());
 899        assert_eq!(cursor.item(), Some(&2));
 900        assert_eq!(cursor.prev_item(), Some(&1));
 901        assert_eq!(cursor.start().sum, 1);
 902
 903        cursor.prev(&());
 904        assert_eq!(cursor.item(), Some(&1));
 905        assert_eq!(cursor.prev_item(), None);
 906        assert_eq!(cursor.start().sum, 0);
 907
 908        cursor.prev(&());
 909        assert_eq!(cursor.item(), None);
 910        assert_eq!(cursor.prev_item(), None);
 911        assert_eq!(cursor.start().sum, 0);
 912
 913        cursor.next(&());
 914        assert_eq!(cursor.item(), Some(&1));
 915        assert_eq!(cursor.prev_item(), None);
 916        assert_eq!(cursor.start().sum, 0);
 917
 918        let mut cursor = tree.cursor::<IntegersSummary>();
 919        assert_eq!(
 920            cursor
 921                .slice(&tree.extent::<Count>(&()), Bias::Right, &())
 922                .items(&()),
 923            tree.items(&())
 924        );
 925        assert_eq!(cursor.item(), None);
 926        assert_eq!(cursor.prev_item(), Some(&6));
 927        assert_eq!(cursor.start().sum, 21);
 928
 929        cursor.seek(&Count(3), Bias::Right, &());
 930        assert_eq!(
 931            cursor
 932                .slice(&tree.extent::<Count>(&()), Bias::Right, &())
 933                .items(&()),
 934            [4, 5, 6]
 935        );
 936        assert_eq!(cursor.item(), None);
 937        assert_eq!(cursor.prev_item(), Some(&6));
 938        assert_eq!(cursor.start().sum, 21);
 939
 940        // Seeking can bias left or right
 941        cursor.seek(&Count(1), Bias::Left, &());
 942        assert_eq!(cursor.item(), Some(&1));
 943        cursor.seek(&Count(1), Bias::Right, &());
 944        assert_eq!(cursor.item(), Some(&2));
 945
 946        // Slicing without resetting starts from where the cursor is parked at.
 947        cursor.seek(&Count(1), Bias::Right, &());
 948        assert_eq!(
 949            cursor.slice(&Count(3), Bias::Right, &()).items(&()),
 950            vec![2, 3]
 951        );
 952        assert_eq!(
 953            cursor.slice(&Count(6), Bias::Left, &()).items(&()),
 954            vec![4, 5]
 955        );
 956        assert_eq!(
 957            cursor.slice(&Count(6), Bias::Right, &()).items(&()),
 958            vec![6]
 959        );
 960    }
 961
 962    #[test]
 963    fn test_edit() {
 964        let mut tree = SumTree::<u8>::new();
 965
 966        let removed = tree.edit(vec![Edit::Insert(1), Edit::Insert(2), Edit::Insert(0)], &());
 967        assert_eq!(tree.items(&()), vec![0, 1, 2]);
 968        assert_eq!(removed, Vec::<u8>::new());
 969        assert_eq!(tree.get(&0, &()), Some(&0));
 970        assert_eq!(tree.get(&1, &()), Some(&1));
 971        assert_eq!(tree.get(&2, &()), Some(&2));
 972        assert_eq!(tree.get(&4, &()), None);
 973
 974        let removed = tree.edit(vec![Edit::Insert(2), Edit::Insert(4), Edit::Remove(0)], &());
 975        assert_eq!(tree.items(&()), vec![1, 2, 4]);
 976        assert_eq!(removed, vec![0, 2]);
 977        assert_eq!(tree.get(&0, &()), None);
 978        assert_eq!(tree.get(&1, &()), Some(&1));
 979        assert_eq!(tree.get(&2, &()), Some(&2));
 980        assert_eq!(tree.get(&4, &()), Some(&4));
 981    }
 982
 983    #[derive(Clone, Default, Debug)]
 984    pub struct IntegersSummary {
 985        count: usize,
 986        sum: usize,
 987        contains_even: bool,
 988        max: u8,
 989    }
 990
 991    #[derive(Ord, PartialOrd, Default, Eq, PartialEq, Clone, Debug)]
 992    struct Count(usize);
 993
 994    #[derive(Ord, PartialOrd, Default, Eq, PartialEq, Clone, Debug)]
 995    struct Sum(usize);
 996
 997    impl Item for u8 {
 998        type Summary = IntegersSummary;
 999
1000        fn summary(&self) -> Self::Summary {
1001            IntegersSummary {
1002                count: 1,
1003                sum: *self as usize,
1004                contains_even: (*self & 1) == 0,
1005                max: *self,
1006            }
1007        }
1008    }
1009
1010    impl KeyedItem for u8 {
1011        type Key = u8;
1012
1013        fn key(&self) -> Self::Key {
1014            *self
1015        }
1016    }
1017
1018    impl Summary for IntegersSummary {
1019        type Context = ();
1020
1021        fn add_summary(&mut self, other: &Self, _: &()) {
1022            self.count += other.count;
1023            self.sum += other.sum;
1024            self.contains_even |= other.contains_even;
1025            self.max = cmp::max(self.max, other.max);
1026        }
1027    }
1028
1029    impl<'a> Dimension<'a, IntegersSummary> for u8 {
1030        fn add_summary(&mut self, summary: &IntegersSummary, _: &()) {
1031            *self = summary.max;
1032        }
1033    }
1034
1035    impl<'a> Dimension<'a, IntegersSummary> for Count {
1036        fn add_summary(&mut self, summary: &IntegersSummary, _: &()) {
1037            self.0 += summary.count;
1038        }
1039    }
1040
1041    impl<'a> SeekTarget<'a, IntegersSummary, IntegersSummary> for Count {
1042        fn cmp(&self, cursor_location: &IntegersSummary, _: &()) -> Ordering {
1043            self.0.cmp(&cursor_location.count)
1044        }
1045    }
1046
1047    impl<'a> Dimension<'a, IntegersSummary> for Sum {
1048        fn add_summary(&mut self, summary: &IntegersSummary, _: &()) {
1049            self.0 += summary.sum;
1050        }
1051    }
1052}