window.rs

   1use crate::{
   2    point, px, size, transparent_black, Action, AnyDrag, AnyView, AppContext, Arena,
   3    AsyncWindowContext, Bounds, Context, Corners, CursorStyle, DevicePixels,
   4    DispatchActionListener, DispatchNodeId, DispatchTree, DisplayId, Edges, Effect, Entity,
   5    EntityId, EventEmitter, FileDropEvent, Flatten, Global, GlobalElementId, Hsla, KeyBinding,
   6    KeyDownEvent, KeyMatch, KeymatchResult, Keystroke, KeystrokeEvent, Model, ModelContext,
   7    Modifiers, ModifiersChangedEvent, MouseButton, MouseMoveEvent, MouseUpEvent, Pixels,
   8    PlatformAtlas, PlatformDisplay, PlatformInput, PlatformWindow, Point, PromptLevel, Render,
   9    ScaledPixels, SharedString, Size, SubscriberSet, Subscription, TaffyLayoutEngine, Task,
  10    TextStyle, TextStyleRefinement, View, VisualContext, WeakView, WindowAppearance,
  11    WindowBackgroundAppearance, WindowOptions, WindowParams, WindowTextSystem,
  12};
  13use anyhow::{anyhow, Context as _, Result};
  14use collections::FxHashSet;
  15use derive_more::{Deref, DerefMut};
  16use futures::channel::oneshot;
  17use parking_lot::RwLock;
  18use refineable::Refineable;
  19use slotmap::SlotMap;
  20use smallvec::SmallVec;
  21use std::{
  22    any::{Any, TypeId},
  23    borrow::{Borrow, BorrowMut},
  24    cell::{Cell, RefCell},
  25    fmt::{Debug, Display},
  26    future::Future,
  27    hash::{Hash, Hasher},
  28    marker::PhantomData,
  29    mem,
  30    rc::Rc,
  31    sync::{
  32        atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering::SeqCst},
  33        Arc, Weak,
  34    },
  35    time::{Duration, Instant},
  36};
  37use util::{measure, ResultExt};
  38
  39mod element_cx;
  40mod prompts;
  41
  42pub use element_cx::*;
  43pub use prompts::*;
  44
  45/// Represents the two different phases when dispatching events.
  46#[derive(Default, Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
  47pub enum DispatchPhase {
  48    /// After the capture phase comes the bubble phase, in which mouse event listeners are
  49    /// invoked front to back and keyboard event listeners are invoked from the focused element
  50    /// to the root of the element tree. This is the phase you'll most commonly want to use when
  51    /// registering event listeners.
  52    #[default]
  53    Bubble,
  54    /// During the initial capture phase, mouse event listeners are invoked back to front, and keyboard
  55    /// listeners are invoked from the root of the tree downward toward the focused element. This phase
  56    /// is used for special purposes such as clearing the "pressed" state for click events. If
  57    /// you stop event propagation during this phase, you need to know what you're doing. Handlers
  58    /// outside of the immediate region may rely on detecting non-local events during this phase.
  59    Capture,
  60}
  61
  62impl DispatchPhase {
  63    /// Returns true if this represents the "bubble" phase.
  64    pub fn bubble(self) -> bool {
  65        self == DispatchPhase::Bubble
  66    }
  67
  68    /// Returns true if this represents the "capture" phase.
  69    pub fn capture(self) -> bool {
  70        self == DispatchPhase::Capture
  71    }
  72}
  73
  74type AnyObserver = Box<dyn FnMut(&mut WindowContext) -> bool + 'static>;
  75
  76type AnyWindowFocusListener = Box<dyn FnMut(&FocusEvent, &mut WindowContext) -> bool + 'static>;
  77
  78struct FocusEvent {
  79    previous_focus_path: SmallVec<[FocusId; 8]>,
  80    current_focus_path: SmallVec<[FocusId; 8]>,
  81}
  82
  83slotmap::new_key_type! {
  84    /// A globally unique identifier for a focusable element.
  85    pub struct FocusId;
  86}
  87
  88thread_local! {
  89    pub(crate) static ELEMENT_ARENA: RefCell<Arena> = RefCell::new(Arena::new(8 * 1024 * 1024));
  90}
  91
  92impl FocusId {
  93    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle is currently focused.
  94    pub fn is_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
  95        cx.window.focus == Some(*self)
  96    }
  97
  98    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle contains the focused
  99    /// element or is itself focused.
 100    pub fn contains_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 101        cx.focused()
 102            .map_or(false, |focused| self.contains(focused.id, cx))
 103    }
 104
 105    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle is contained within the
 106    /// focused element or is itself focused.
 107    pub fn within_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 108        let focused = cx.focused();
 109        focused.map_or(false, |focused| focused.id.contains(*self, cx))
 110    }
 111
 112    /// Obtains whether this handle contains the given handle in the most recently rendered frame.
 113    pub(crate) fn contains(&self, other: Self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 114        cx.window
 115            .rendered_frame
 116            .dispatch_tree
 117            .focus_contains(*self, other)
 118    }
 119}
 120
 121/// A handle which can be used to track and manipulate the focused element in a window.
 122pub struct FocusHandle {
 123    pub(crate) id: FocusId,
 124    handles: Arc<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>,
 125}
 126
 127impl std::fmt::Debug for FocusHandle {
 128    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
 129        f.write_fmt(format_args!("FocusHandle({:?})", self.id))
 130    }
 131}
 132
 133impl FocusHandle {
 134    pub(crate) fn new(handles: &Arc<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>) -> Self {
 135        let id = handles.write().insert(AtomicUsize::new(1));
 136        Self {
 137            id,
 138            handles: handles.clone(),
 139        }
 140    }
 141
 142    pub(crate) fn for_id(
 143        id: FocusId,
 144        handles: &Arc<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>,
 145    ) -> Option<Self> {
 146        let lock = handles.read();
 147        let ref_count = lock.get(id)?;
 148        if ref_count.load(SeqCst) == 0 {
 149            None
 150        } else {
 151            ref_count.fetch_add(1, SeqCst);
 152            Some(Self {
 153                id,
 154                handles: handles.clone(),
 155            })
 156        }
 157    }
 158
 159    /// Converts this focus handle into a weak variant, which does not prevent it from being released.
 160    pub fn downgrade(&self) -> WeakFocusHandle {
 161        WeakFocusHandle {
 162            id: self.id,
 163            handles: Arc::downgrade(&self.handles),
 164        }
 165    }
 166
 167    /// Moves the focus to the element associated with this handle.
 168    pub fn focus(&self, cx: &mut WindowContext) {
 169        cx.focus(self)
 170    }
 171
 172    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle is currently focused.
 173    pub fn is_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 174        self.id.is_focused(cx)
 175    }
 176
 177    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle contains the focused
 178    /// element or is itself focused.
 179    pub fn contains_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 180        self.id.contains_focused(cx)
 181    }
 182
 183    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle is contained within the
 184    /// focused element or is itself focused.
 185    pub fn within_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 186        self.id.within_focused(cx)
 187    }
 188
 189    /// Obtains whether this handle contains the given handle in the most recently rendered frame.
 190    pub fn contains(&self, other: &Self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 191        self.id.contains(other.id, cx)
 192    }
 193}
 194
 195impl Clone for FocusHandle {
 196    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
 197        Self::for_id(self.id, &self.handles).unwrap()
 198    }
 199}
 200
 201impl PartialEq for FocusHandle {
 202    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
 203        self.id == other.id
 204    }
 205}
 206
 207impl Eq for FocusHandle {}
 208
 209impl Drop for FocusHandle {
 210    fn drop(&mut self) {
 211        self.handles
 212            .read()
 213            .get(self.id)
 214            .unwrap()
 215            .fetch_sub(1, SeqCst);
 216    }
 217}
 218
 219/// A weak reference to a focus handle.
 220#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 221pub struct WeakFocusHandle {
 222    pub(crate) id: FocusId,
 223    handles: Weak<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>,
 224}
 225
 226impl WeakFocusHandle {
 227    /// Attempts to upgrade the [WeakFocusHandle] to a [FocusHandle].
 228    pub fn upgrade(&self) -> Option<FocusHandle> {
 229        let handles = self.handles.upgrade()?;
 230        FocusHandle::for_id(self.id, &handles)
 231    }
 232}
 233
 234impl PartialEq for WeakFocusHandle {
 235    fn eq(&self, other: &WeakFocusHandle) -> bool {
 236        self.id == other.id
 237    }
 238}
 239
 240impl Eq for WeakFocusHandle {}
 241
 242impl PartialEq<FocusHandle> for WeakFocusHandle {
 243    fn eq(&self, other: &FocusHandle) -> bool {
 244        self.id == other.id
 245    }
 246}
 247
 248impl PartialEq<WeakFocusHandle> for FocusHandle {
 249    fn eq(&self, other: &WeakFocusHandle) -> bool {
 250        self.id == other.id
 251    }
 252}
 253
 254/// FocusableView allows users of your view to easily
 255/// focus it (using cx.focus_view(view))
 256pub trait FocusableView: 'static + Render {
 257    /// Returns the focus handle associated with this view.
 258    fn focus_handle(&self, cx: &AppContext) -> FocusHandle;
 259}
 260
 261/// ManagedView is a view (like a Modal, Popover, Menu, etc.)
 262/// where the lifecycle of the view is handled by another view.
 263pub trait ManagedView: FocusableView + EventEmitter<DismissEvent> {}
 264
 265impl<M: FocusableView + EventEmitter<DismissEvent>> ManagedView for M {}
 266
 267/// Emitted by implementers of [`ManagedView`] to indicate the view should be dismissed, such as when a view is presented as a modal.
 268pub struct DismissEvent;
 269
 270type FrameCallback = Box<dyn FnOnce(&mut WindowContext)>;
 271
 272// Holds the state for a specific window.
 273#[doc(hidden)]
 274pub struct Window {
 275    pub(crate) handle: AnyWindowHandle,
 276    pub(crate) removed: bool,
 277    pub(crate) platform_window: Box<dyn PlatformWindow>,
 278    display_id: DisplayId,
 279    sprite_atlas: Arc<dyn PlatformAtlas>,
 280    text_system: Arc<WindowTextSystem>,
 281    pub(crate) rem_size: Pixels,
 282    pub(crate) viewport_size: Size<Pixels>,
 283    layout_engine: Option<TaffyLayoutEngine>,
 284    pub(crate) root_view: Option<AnyView>,
 285    pub(crate) element_id_stack: GlobalElementId,
 286    pub(crate) text_style_stack: Vec<TextStyleRefinement>,
 287    pub(crate) rendered_frame: Frame,
 288    pub(crate) next_frame: Frame,
 289    pub(crate) next_hitbox_id: HitboxId,
 290    next_frame_callbacks: Rc<RefCell<Vec<FrameCallback>>>,
 291    pub(crate) dirty_views: FxHashSet<EntityId>,
 292    pub(crate) focus_handles: Arc<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>,
 293    focus_listeners: SubscriberSet<(), AnyWindowFocusListener>,
 294    focus_lost_listeners: SubscriberSet<(), AnyObserver>,
 295    default_prevented: bool,
 296    mouse_position: Point<Pixels>,
 297    mouse_hit_test: HitTest,
 298    modifiers: Modifiers,
 299    scale_factor: f32,
 300    bounds_observers: SubscriberSet<(), AnyObserver>,
 301    appearance: WindowAppearance,
 302    appearance_observers: SubscriberSet<(), AnyObserver>,
 303    active: Rc<Cell<bool>>,
 304    pub(crate) dirty: Rc<Cell<bool>>,
 305    pub(crate) needs_present: Rc<Cell<bool>>,
 306    pub(crate) last_input_timestamp: Rc<Cell<Instant>>,
 307    pub(crate) refreshing: bool,
 308    pub(crate) draw_phase: DrawPhase,
 309    activation_observers: SubscriberSet<(), AnyObserver>,
 310    pub(crate) focus: Option<FocusId>,
 311    focus_enabled: bool,
 312    pending_input: Option<PendingInput>,
 313    prompt: Option<RenderablePromptHandle>,
 314}
 315
 316#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
 317pub(crate) enum DrawPhase {
 318    None,
 319    Layout,
 320    Paint,
 321    Focus,
 322}
 323
 324#[derive(Default, Debug)]
 325struct PendingInput {
 326    keystrokes: SmallVec<[Keystroke; 1]>,
 327    bindings: SmallVec<[KeyBinding; 1]>,
 328    focus: Option<FocusId>,
 329    timer: Option<Task<()>>,
 330}
 331
 332impl PendingInput {
 333    fn input(&self) -> String {
 334        self.keystrokes
 335            .iter()
 336            .flat_map(|k| k.ime_key.clone())
 337            .collect::<Vec<String>>()
 338            .join("")
 339    }
 340
 341    fn used_by_binding(&self, binding: &KeyBinding) -> bool {
 342        if self.keystrokes.is_empty() {
 343            return true;
 344        }
 345        let keystroke = &self.keystrokes[0];
 346        for candidate in keystroke.match_candidates() {
 347            if binding.match_keystrokes(&[candidate]) == KeyMatch::Pending {
 348                return true;
 349            }
 350        }
 351        false
 352    }
 353}
 354
 355pub(crate) struct ElementStateBox {
 356    pub(crate) inner: Box<dyn Any>,
 357    #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
 358    pub(crate) type_name: &'static str,
 359}
 360
 361fn default_bounds(display_id: Option<DisplayId>, cx: &mut AppContext) -> Bounds<DevicePixels> {
 362    const DEFAULT_WINDOW_SIZE: Size<DevicePixels> = size(DevicePixels(1024), DevicePixels(700));
 363    const DEFAULT_WINDOW_OFFSET: Point<DevicePixels> = point(DevicePixels(0), DevicePixels(35));
 364
 365    cx.active_window()
 366        .and_then(|w| w.update(cx, |_, cx| cx.window_bounds()).ok())
 367        .map(|bounds| bounds.map_origin(|origin| origin + DEFAULT_WINDOW_OFFSET))
 368        .unwrap_or_else(|| {
 369            let display = display_id
 370                .map(|id| cx.find_display(id))
 371                .unwrap_or_else(|| cx.primary_display());
 372
 373            display
 374                .map(|display| {
 375                    let center = display.bounds().center();
 376                    let offset = DEFAULT_WINDOW_SIZE / 2;
 377                    let origin = point(center.x - offset.width, center.y - offset.height);
 378                    Bounds::new(origin, DEFAULT_WINDOW_SIZE)
 379                })
 380                .unwrap_or_else(|| {
 381                    Bounds::new(point(DevicePixels(0), DevicePixels(0)), DEFAULT_WINDOW_SIZE)
 382                })
 383        })
 384}
 385
 386impl Window {
 387    pub(crate) fn new(
 388        handle: AnyWindowHandle,
 389        options: WindowOptions,
 390        cx: &mut AppContext,
 391    ) -> Self {
 392        let WindowOptions {
 393            bounds,
 394            titlebar,
 395            focus,
 396            show,
 397            kind,
 398            is_movable,
 399            display_id,
 400            fullscreen,
 401            window_background,
 402        } = options;
 403
 404        let bounds = bounds.unwrap_or_else(|| default_bounds(display_id, cx));
 405        let platform_window = cx.platform.open_window(
 406            handle,
 407            WindowParams {
 408                bounds,
 409                titlebar,
 410                kind,
 411                is_movable,
 412                focus,
 413                show,
 414                display_id,
 415                window_background,
 416            },
 417        );
 418        let display_id = platform_window.display().id();
 419        let sprite_atlas = platform_window.sprite_atlas();
 420        let mouse_position = platform_window.mouse_position();
 421        let modifiers = platform_window.modifiers();
 422        let content_size = platform_window.content_size();
 423        let scale_factor = platform_window.scale_factor();
 424        let appearance = platform_window.appearance();
 425        let text_system = Arc::new(WindowTextSystem::new(cx.text_system().clone()));
 426        let dirty = Rc::new(Cell::new(true));
 427        let active = Rc::new(Cell::new(platform_window.is_active()));
 428        let needs_present = Rc::new(Cell::new(false));
 429        let next_frame_callbacks: Rc<RefCell<Vec<FrameCallback>>> = Default::default();
 430        let last_input_timestamp = Rc::new(Cell::new(Instant::now()));
 431
 432        if fullscreen {
 433            platform_window.toggle_fullscreen();
 434        }
 435
 436        platform_window.on_close(Box::new({
 437            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 438            move || {
 439                let _ = handle.update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.remove_window());
 440            }
 441        }));
 442        platform_window.on_request_frame(Box::new({
 443            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 444            let dirty = dirty.clone();
 445            let active = active.clone();
 446            let needs_present = needs_present.clone();
 447            let next_frame_callbacks = next_frame_callbacks.clone();
 448            let last_input_timestamp = last_input_timestamp.clone();
 449            move || {
 450                let next_frame_callbacks = next_frame_callbacks.take();
 451                if !next_frame_callbacks.is_empty() {
 452                    handle
 453                        .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| {
 454                            for callback in next_frame_callbacks {
 455                                callback(cx);
 456                            }
 457                        })
 458                        .log_err();
 459                }
 460
 461                // Keep presenting the current scene for 1 extra second since the
 462                // last input to prevent the display from underclocking the refresh rate.
 463                let needs_present = needs_present.get()
 464                    || (active.get()
 465                        && last_input_timestamp.get().elapsed() < Duration::from_secs(1));
 466
 467                if dirty.get() {
 468                    measure("frame duration", || {
 469                        handle
 470                            .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| {
 471                                cx.draw();
 472                                cx.present();
 473                            })
 474                            .log_err();
 475                    })
 476                } else if needs_present {
 477                    handle.update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.present()).log_err();
 478                }
 479
 480                handle
 481                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| {
 482                        cx.complete_frame();
 483                    })
 484                    .log_err();
 485            }
 486        }));
 487        platform_window.on_resize(Box::new({
 488            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 489            move |_, _| {
 490                handle
 491                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.window_bounds_changed())
 492                    .log_err();
 493            }
 494        }));
 495        platform_window.on_moved(Box::new({
 496            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 497            move || {
 498                handle
 499                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.window_bounds_changed())
 500                    .log_err();
 501            }
 502        }));
 503        platform_window.on_appearance_changed(Box::new({
 504            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 505            move || {
 506                handle
 507                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.appearance_changed())
 508                    .log_err();
 509            }
 510        }));
 511        platform_window.on_active_status_change(Box::new({
 512            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 513            move |active| {
 514                handle
 515                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| {
 516                        cx.window.active.set(active);
 517                        cx.window
 518                            .activation_observers
 519                            .clone()
 520                            .retain(&(), |callback| callback(cx));
 521                        cx.refresh();
 522                    })
 523                    .log_err();
 524            }
 525        }));
 526
 527        platform_window.on_input({
 528            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 529            Box::new(move |event| {
 530                handle
 531                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.dispatch_event(event))
 532                    .log_err()
 533                    .unwrap_or(DispatchEventResult::default())
 534            })
 535        });
 536
 537        Window {
 538            handle,
 539            removed: false,
 540            platform_window,
 541            display_id,
 542            sprite_atlas,
 543            text_system,
 544            rem_size: px(16.),
 545            viewport_size: content_size,
 546            layout_engine: Some(TaffyLayoutEngine::new()),
 547            root_view: None,
 548            element_id_stack: GlobalElementId::default(),
 549            text_style_stack: Vec::new(),
 550            rendered_frame: Frame::new(DispatchTree::new(cx.keymap.clone(), cx.actions.clone())),
 551            next_frame: Frame::new(DispatchTree::new(cx.keymap.clone(), cx.actions.clone())),
 552            next_frame_callbacks,
 553            next_hitbox_id: HitboxId::default(),
 554            dirty_views: FxHashSet::default(),
 555            focus_handles: Arc::new(RwLock::new(SlotMap::with_key())),
 556            focus_listeners: SubscriberSet::new(),
 557            focus_lost_listeners: SubscriberSet::new(),
 558            default_prevented: true,
 559            mouse_position,
 560            mouse_hit_test: HitTest::default(),
 561            modifiers,
 562            scale_factor,
 563            bounds_observers: SubscriberSet::new(),
 564            appearance,
 565            appearance_observers: SubscriberSet::new(),
 566            active,
 567            dirty,
 568            needs_present,
 569            last_input_timestamp,
 570            refreshing: false,
 571            draw_phase: DrawPhase::None,
 572            activation_observers: SubscriberSet::new(),
 573            focus: None,
 574            focus_enabled: true,
 575            pending_input: None,
 576            prompt: None,
 577        }
 578    }
 579    fn new_focus_listener(
 580        &mut self,
 581        value: AnyWindowFocusListener,
 582    ) -> (Subscription, impl FnOnce()) {
 583        self.focus_listeners.insert((), value)
 584    }
 585}
 586
 587#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
 588pub(crate) struct DispatchEventResult {
 589    pub propagate: bool,
 590    pub default_prevented: bool,
 591}
 592
 593/// Indicates which region of the window is visible. Content falling outside of this mask will not be
 594/// rendered. Currently, only rectangular content masks are supported, but we give the mask its own type
 595/// to leave room to support more complex shapes in the future.
 596#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
 597#[repr(C)]
 598pub struct ContentMask<P: Clone + Default + Debug> {
 599    /// The bounds
 600    pub bounds: Bounds<P>,
 601}
 602
 603impl ContentMask<Pixels> {
 604    /// Scale the content mask's pixel units by the given scaling factor.
 605    pub fn scale(&self, factor: f32) -> ContentMask<ScaledPixels> {
 606        ContentMask {
 607            bounds: self.bounds.scale(factor),
 608        }
 609    }
 610
 611    /// Intersect the content mask with the given content mask.
 612    pub fn intersect(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
 613        let bounds = self.bounds.intersect(&other.bounds);
 614        ContentMask { bounds }
 615    }
 616}
 617
 618/// Provides access to application state in the context of a single window. Derefs
 619/// to an [`AppContext`], so you can also pass a [`WindowContext`] to any method that takes
 620/// an [`AppContext`] and call any [`AppContext`] methods.
 621pub struct WindowContext<'a> {
 622    pub(crate) app: &'a mut AppContext,
 623    pub(crate) window: &'a mut Window,
 624}
 625
 626impl<'a> WindowContext<'a> {
 627    pub(crate) fn new(app: &'a mut AppContext, window: &'a mut Window) -> Self {
 628        Self { app, window }
 629    }
 630
 631    /// Obtain a handle to the window that belongs to this context.
 632    pub fn window_handle(&self) -> AnyWindowHandle {
 633        self.window.handle
 634    }
 635
 636    /// Mark the window as dirty, scheduling it to be redrawn on the next frame.
 637    pub fn refresh(&mut self) {
 638        if self.window.draw_phase == DrawPhase::None {
 639            self.window.refreshing = true;
 640            self.window.dirty.set(true);
 641        }
 642    }
 643
 644    /// Indicate that this view has changed, which will invoke any observers and also mark the window as dirty.
 645    /// If this view or any of its ancestors are *cached*, notifying it will cause it or its ancestors to be redrawn.
 646    pub fn notify(&mut self, view_id: EntityId) {
 647        for view_id in self
 648            .window
 649            .rendered_frame
 650            .dispatch_tree
 651            .view_path(view_id)
 652            .into_iter()
 653            .rev()
 654        {
 655            if !self.window.dirty_views.insert(view_id) {
 656                break;
 657            }
 658        }
 659
 660        if self.window.draw_phase == DrawPhase::None {
 661            self.window.dirty.set(true);
 662            self.app.push_effect(Effect::Notify { emitter: view_id });
 663        }
 664    }
 665
 666    /// Close this window.
 667    pub fn remove_window(&mut self) {
 668        self.window.removed = true;
 669    }
 670
 671    /// Obtain a new [`FocusHandle`], which allows you to track and manipulate the keyboard focus
 672    /// for elements rendered within this window.
 673    pub fn focus_handle(&mut self) -> FocusHandle {
 674        FocusHandle::new(&self.window.focus_handles)
 675    }
 676
 677    /// Obtain the currently focused [`FocusHandle`]. If no elements are focused, returns `None`.
 678    pub fn focused(&self) -> Option<FocusHandle> {
 679        self.window
 680            .focus
 681            .and_then(|id| FocusHandle::for_id(id, &self.window.focus_handles))
 682    }
 683
 684    /// Move focus to the element associated with the given [`FocusHandle`].
 685    pub fn focus(&mut self, handle: &FocusHandle) {
 686        if !self.window.focus_enabled || self.window.focus == Some(handle.id) {
 687            return;
 688        }
 689
 690        self.window.focus = Some(handle.id);
 691        self.window
 692            .rendered_frame
 693            .dispatch_tree
 694            .clear_pending_keystrokes();
 695        self.refresh();
 696    }
 697
 698    /// Remove focus from all elements within this context's window.
 699    pub fn blur(&mut self) {
 700        if !self.window.focus_enabled {
 701            return;
 702        }
 703
 704        self.window.focus = None;
 705        self.refresh();
 706    }
 707
 708    /// Blur the window and don't allow anything in it to be focused again.
 709    pub fn disable_focus(&mut self) {
 710        self.blur();
 711        self.window.focus_enabled = false;
 712    }
 713
 714    /// Accessor for the text system.
 715    pub fn text_system(&self) -> &Arc<WindowTextSystem> {
 716        &self.window.text_system
 717    }
 718
 719    /// The current text style. Which is composed of all the style refinements provided to `with_text_style`.
 720    pub fn text_style(&self) -> TextStyle {
 721        let mut style = TextStyle::default();
 722        for refinement in &self.window.text_style_stack {
 723            style.refine(refinement);
 724        }
 725        style
 726    }
 727
 728    /// Check if the platform window is maximized
 729    /// On some platforms (namely Windows) this is different than the bounds being the size of the display
 730    pub fn is_maximized(&self) -> bool {
 731        self.window.platform_window.is_maximized()
 732    }
 733
 734    /// Check if the platform window is minimized
 735    /// On some platforms (namely Windows) the position is incorrect when minimized
 736    pub fn is_minimized(&self) -> bool {
 737        self.window.platform_window.is_minimized()
 738    }
 739
 740    /// Dispatch the given action on the currently focused element.
 741    pub fn dispatch_action(&mut self, action: Box<dyn Action>) {
 742        let focus_handle = self.focused();
 743
 744        let window = self.window.handle;
 745        self.app.defer(move |cx| {
 746            window
 747                .update(cx, |_, cx| {
 748                    let node_id = focus_handle
 749                        .and_then(|handle| {
 750                            cx.window
 751                                .rendered_frame
 752                                .dispatch_tree
 753                                .focusable_node_id(handle.id)
 754                        })
 755                        .unwrap_or_else(|| cx.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
 756
 757                    cx.dispatch_action_on_node(node_id, action.as_ref());
 758                })
 759                .log_err();
 760        })
 761    }
 762
 763    pub(crate) fn dispatch_keystroke_observers(
 764        &mut self,
 765        event: &dyn Any,
 766        action: Option<Box<dyn Action>>,
 767    ) {
 768        let Some(key_down_event) = event.downcast_ref::<KeyDownEvent>() else {
 769            return;
 770        };
 771
 772        self.keystroke_observers
 773            .clone()
 774            .retain(&(), move |callback| {
 775                (callback)(
 776                    &KeystrokeEvent {
 777                        keystroke: key_down_event.keystroke.clone(),
 778                        action: action.as_ref().map(|action| action.boxed_clone()),
 779                    },
 780                    self,
 781                );
 782                true
 783            });
 784    }
 785
 786    pub(crate) fn clear_pending_keystrokes(&mut self) {
 787        self.window
 788            .rendered_frame
 789            .dispatch_tree
 790            .clear_pending_keystrokes();
 791        self.window
 792            .next_frame
 793            .dispatch_tree
 794            .clear_pending_keystrokes();
 795    }
 796
 797    /// Schedules the given function to be run at the end of the current effect cycle, allowing entities
 798    /// that are currently on the stack to be returned to the app.
 799    pub fn defer(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut WindowContext) + 'static) {
 800        let handle = self.window.handle;
 801        self.app.defer(move |cx| {
 802            handle.update(cx, |_, cx| f(cx)).ok();
 803        });
 804    }
 805
 806    /// Subscribe to events emitted by a model or view.
 807    /// The entity to which you're subscribing must implement the [`EventEmitter`] trait.
 808    /// The callback will be invoked a handle to the emitting entity (either a [`View`] or [`Model`]), the event, and a window context for the current window.
 809    pub fn subscribe<Emitter, E, Evt>(
 810        &mut self,
 811        entity: &E,
 812        mut on_event: impl FnMut(E, &Evt, &mut WindowContext<'_>) + 'static,
 813    ) -> Subscription
 814    where
 815        Emitter: EventEmitter<Evt>,
 816        E: Entity<Emitter>,
 817        Evt: 'static,
 818    {
 819        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
 820        let entity = entity.downgrade();
 821        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
 822        self.app.new_subscription(
 823            entity_id,
 824            (
 825                TypeId::of::<Evt>(),
 826                Box::new(move |event, cx| {
 827                    window_handle
 828                        .update(cx, |_, cx| {
 829                            if let Some(handle) = E::upgrade_from(&entity) {
 830                                let event = event.downcast_ref().expect("invalid event type");
 831                                on_event(handle, event, cx);
 832                                true
 833                            } else {
 834                                false
 835                            }
 836                        })
 837                        .unwrap_or(false)
 838                }),
 839            ),
 840        )
 841    }
 842
 843    /// Creates an [`AsyncWindowContext`], which has a static lifetime and can be held across
 844    /// await points in async code.
 845    pub fn to_async(&self) -> AsyncWindowContext {
 846        AsyncWindowContext::new(self.app.to_async(), self.window.handle)
 847    }
 848
 849    /// Schedule the given closure to be run directly after the current frame is rendered.
 850    pub fn on_next_frame(&mut self, callback: impl FnOnce(&mut WindowContext) + 'static) {
 851        RefCell::borrow_mut(&self.window.next_frame_callbacks).push(Box::new(callback));
 852    }
 853
 854    /// Spawn the future returned by the given closure on the application thread pool.
 855    /// The closure is provided a handle to the current window and an `AsyncWindowContext` for
 856    /// use within your future.
 857    pub fn spawn<Fut, R>(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(AsyncWindowContext) -> Fut) -> Task<R>
 858    where
 859        R: 'static,
 860        Fut: Future<Output = R> + 'static,
 861    {
 862        self.app
 863            .spawn(|app| f(AsyncWindowContext::new(app, self.window.handle)))
 864    }
 865
 866    fn window_bounds_changed(&mut self) {
 867        self.window.scale_factor = self.window.platform_window.scale_factor();
 868        self.window.viewport_size = self.window.platform_window.content_size();
 869        self.window.display_id = self.window.platform_window.display().id();
 870        self.refresh();
 871
 872        self.window
 873            .bounds_observers
 874            .clone()
 875            .retain(&(), |callback| callback(self));
 876    }
 877
 878    /// Returns the bounds of the current window in the global coordinate space, which could span across multiple displays.
 879    pub fn window_bounds(&self) -> Bounds<DevicePixels> {
 880        self.window.platform_window.bounds()
 881    }
 882
 883    /// Returns whether or not the window is currently fullscreen
 884    pub fn is_fullscreen(&self) -> bool {
 885        self.window.platform_window.is_fullscreen()
 886    }
 887
 888    fn appearance_changed(&mut self) {
 889        self.window.appearance = self.window.platform_window.appearance();
 890
 891        self.window
 892            .appearance_observers
 893            .clone()
 894            .retain(&(), |callback| callback(self));
 895    }
 896
 897    /// Returns the appearance of the current window.
 898    pub fn appearance(&self) -> WindowAppearance {
 899        self.window.appearance
 900    }
 901
 902    /// Returns the size of the drawable area within the window.
 903    pub fn viewport_size(&self) -> Size<Pixels> {
 904        self.window.viewport_size
 905    }
 906
 907    /// Returns whether this window is focused by the operating system (receiving key events).
 908    pub fn is_window_active(&self) -> bool {
 909        self.window.active.get()
 910    }
 911
 912    /// Toggle zoom on the window.
 913    pub fn zoom_window(&self) {
 914        self.window.platform_window.zoom();
 915    }
 916
 917    /// Updates the window's title at the platform level.
 918    pub fn set_window_title(&mut self, title: &str) {
 919        self.window.platform_window.set_title(title);
 920    }
 921
 922    /// Sets the window background appearance.
 923    pub fn set_background_appearance(&mut self, background_appearance: WindowBackgroundAppearance) {
 924        self.window
 925            .platform_window
 926            .set_background_appearance(background_appearance);
 927    }
 928
 929    /// Mark the window as dirty at the platform level.
 930    pub fn set_window_edited(&mut self, edited: bool) {
 931        self.window.platform_window.set_edited(edited);
 932    }
 933
 934    /// Determine the display on which the window is visible.
 935    pub fn display(&self) -> Option<Rc<dyn PlatformDisplay>> {
 936        self.platform
 937            .displays()
 938            .into_iter()
 939            .find(|display| display.id() == self.window.display_id)
 940    }
 941
 942    /// Show the platform character palette.
 943    pub fn show_character_palette(&self) {
 944        self.window.platform_window.show_character_palette();
 945    }
 946
 947    /// The scale factor of the display associated with the window. For example, it could
 948    /// return 2.0 for a "retina" display, indicating that each logical pixel should actually
 949    /// be rendered as two pixels on screen.
 950    pub fn scale_factor(&self) -> f32 {
 951        self.window.scale_factor
 952    }
 953
 954    /// The size of an em for the base font of the application. Adjusting this value allows the
 955    /// UI to scale, just like zooming a web page.
 956    pub fn rem_size(&self) -> Pixels {
 957        self.window.rem_size
 958    }
 959
 960    /// Sets the size of an em for the base font of the application. Adjusting this value allows the
 961    /// UI to scale, just like zooming a web page.
 962    pub fn set_rem_size(&mut self, rem_size: impl Into<Pixels>) {
 963        self.window.rem_size = rem_size.into();
 964    }
 965
 966    /// The line height associated with the current text style.
 967    pub fn line_height(&self) -> Pixels {
 968        let rem_size = self.rem_size();
 969        let text_style = self.text_style();
 970        text_style
 971            .line_height
 972            .to_pixels(text_style.font_size, rem_size)
 973    }
 974
 975    /// Call to prevent the default action of an event. Currently only used to prevent
 976    /// parent elements from becoming focused on mouse down.
 977    pub fn prevent_default(&mut self) {
 978        self.window.default_prevented = true;
 979    }
 980
 981    /// Obtain whether default has been prevented for the event currently being dispatched.
 982    pub fn default_prevented(&self) -> bool {
 983        self.window.default_prevented
 984    }
 985
 986    /// Determine whether the given action is available along the dispatch path to the currently focused element.
 987    pub fn is_action_available(&self, action: &dyn Action) -> bool {
 988        let target = self
 989            .focused()
 990            .and_then(|focused_handle| {
 991                self.window
 992                    .rendered_frame
 993                    .dispatch_tree
 994                    .focusable_node_id(focused_handle.id)
 995            })
 996            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
 997        self.window
 998            .rendered_frame
 999            .dispatch_tree
1000            .is_action_available(action, target)
1001    }
1002
1003    /// The position of the mouse relative to the window.
1004    pub fn mouse_position(&self) -> Point<Pixels> {
1005        self.window.mouse_position
1006    }
1007
1008    /// The current state of the keyboard's modifiers
1009    pub fn modifiers(&self) -> Modifiers {
1010        self.window.modifiers
1011    }
1012
1013    fn complete_frame(&self) {
1014        self.window.platform_window.completed_frame();
1015    }
1016
1017    /// Produces a new frame and assigns it to `rendered_frame`. To actually show
1018    /// the contents of the new [Scene], use [present].
1019    #[profiling::function]
1020    pub fn draw(&mut self) {
1021        self.window.dirty.set(false);
1022
1023        // Restore the previously-used input handler.
1024        if let Some(input_handler) = self.window.platform_window.take_input_handler() {
1025            self.window
1026                .rendered_frame
1027                .input_handlers
1028                .push(Some(input_handler));
1029        }
1030
1031        self.with_element_context(|cx| cx.draw_roots());
1032        self.window.dirty_views.clear();
1033
1034        self.window
1035            .next_frame
1036            .dispatch_tree
1037            .preserve_pending_keystrokes(
1038                &mut self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree,
1039                self.window.focus,
1040            );
1041        self.window.next_frame.focus = self.window.focus;
1042        self.window.next_frame.window_active = self.window.active.get();
1043
1044        // Register requested input handler with the platform window.
1045        if let Some(input_handler) = self.window.next_frame.input_handlers.pop() {
1046            self.window
1047                .platform_window
1048                .set_input_handler(input_handler.unwrap());
1049        }
1050
1051        self.window.layout_engine.as_mut().unwrap().clear();
1052        self.text_system().finish_frame();
1053        self.window
1054            .next_frame
1055            .finish(&mut self.window.rendered_frame);
1056        ELEMENT_ARENA.with_borrow_mut(|element_arena| {
1057            let percentage = (element_arena.len() as f32 / element_arena.capacity() as f32) * 100.;
1058            if percentage >= 80. {
1059                log::warn!("elevated element arena occupation: {}.", percentage);
1060            }
1061            element_arena.clear();
1062        });
1063
1064        self.window.draw_phase = DrawPhase::Focus;
1065        let previous_focus_path = self.window.rendered_frame.focus_path();
1066        let previous_window_active = self.window.rendered_frame.window_active;
1067        mem::swap(&mut self.window.rendered_frame, &mut self.window.next_frame);
1068        self.window.next_frame.clear();
1069        let current_focus_path = self.window.rendered_frame.focus_path();
1070        let current_window_active = self.window.rendered_frame.window_active;
1071
1072        if previous_focus_path != current_focus_path
1073            || previous_window_active != current_window_active
1074        {
1075            if !previous_focus_path.is_empty() && current_focus_path.is_empty() {
1076                self.window
1077                    .focus_lost_listeners
1078                    .clone()
1079                    .retain(&(), |listener| listener(self));
1080            }
1081
1082            let event = FocusEvent {
1083                previous_focus_path: if previous_window_active {
1084                    previous_focus_path
1085                } else {
1086                    Default::default()
1087                },
1088                current_focus_path: if current_window_active {
1089                    current_focus_path
1090                } else {
1091                    Default::default()
1092                },
1093            };
1094            self.window
1095                .focus_listeners
1096                .clone()
1097                .retain(&(), |listener| listener(&event, self));
1098        }
1099
1100        self.reset_cursor_style();
1101        self.window.refreshing = false;
1102        self.window.draw_phase = DrawPhase::None;
1103        self.window.needs_present.set(true);
1104    }
1105
1106    #[profiling::function]
1107    fn present(&self) {
1108        self.window
1109            .platform_window
1110            .draw(&self.window.rendered_frame.scene);
1111        self.window.needs_present.set(false);
1112        profiling::finish_frame!();
1113    }
1114
1115    fn reset_cursor_style(&self) {
1116        // Set the cursor only if we're the active window.
1117        if self.is_window_active() {
1118            let style = self
1119                .window
1120                .rendered_frame
1121                .cursor_styles
1122                .iter()
1123                .rev()
1124                .find(|request| request.hitbox_id.is_hovered(self))
1125                .map(|request| request.style)
1126                .unwrap_or(CursorStyle::Arrow);
1127            self.platform.set_cursor_style(style);
1128        }
1129    }
1130
1131    /// Dispatch a given keystroke as though the user had typed it.
1132    /// You can create a keystroke with Keystroke::parse("").
1133    pub fn dispatch_keystroke(&mut self, keystroke: Keystroke) -> bool {
1134        let keystroke = keystroke.with_simulated_ime();
1135        let result = self.dispatch_event(PlatformInput::KeyDown(KeyDownEvent {
1136            keystroke: keystroke.clone(),
1137            is_held: false,
1138        }));
1139        if !result.propagate {
1140            return true;
1141        }
1142
1143        if let Some(input) = keystroke.ime_key {
1144            if let Some(mut input_handler) = self.window.platform_window.take_input_handler() {
1145                input_handler.dispatch_input(&input, self);
1146                self.window.platform_window.set_input_handler(input_handler);
1147                return true;
1148            }
1149        }
1150
1151        false
1152    }
1153
1154    /// Represent this action as a key binding string, to display in the UI.
1155    pub fn keystroke_text_for(&self, action: &dyn Action) -> String {
1156        self.bindings_for_action(action)
1157            .into_iter()
1158            .next()
1159            .map(|binding| {
1160                binding
1161                    .keystrokes()
1162                    .iter()
1163                    .map(ToString::to_string)
1164                    .collect::<Vec<_>>()
1165                    .join(" ")
1166            })
1167            .unwrap_or_else(|| action.name().to_string())
1168    }
1169
1170    /// Dispatch a mouse or keyboard event on the window.
1171    #[profiling::function]
1172    pub fn dispatch_event(&mut self, event: PlatformInput) -> DispatchEventResult {
1173        self.window.last_input_timestamp.set(Instant::now());
1174        // Handlers may set this to false by calling `stop_propagation`.
1175        self.app.propagate_event = true;
1176        // Handlers may set this to true by calling `prevent_default`.
1177        self.window.default_prevented = false;
1178
1179        let event = match event {
1180            // Track the mouse position with our own state, since accessing the platform
1181            // API for the mouse position can only occur on the main thread.
1182            PlatformInput::MouseMove(mouse_move) => {
1183                self.window.mouse_position = mouse_move.position;
1184                self.window.modifiers = mouse_move.modifiers;
1185                PlatformInput::MouseMove(mouse_move)
1186            }
1187            PlatformInput::MouseDown(mouse_down) => {
1188                self.window.mouse_position = mouse_down.position;
1189                self.window.modifiers = mouse_down.modifiers;
1190                PlatformInput::MouseDown(mouse_down)
1191            }
1192            PlatformInput::MouseUp(mouse_up) => {
1193                self.window.mouse_position = mouse_up.position;
1194                self.window.modifiers = mouse_up.modifiers;
1195                PlatformInput::MouseUp(mouse_up)
1196            }
1197            PlatformInput::MouseExited(mouse_exited) => {
1198                self.window.modifiers = mouse_exited.modifiers;
1199                PlatformInput::MouseExited(mouse_exited)
1200            }
1201            PlatformInput::ModifiersChanged(modifiers_changed) => {
1202                self.window.modifiers = modifiers_changed.modifiers;
1203                PlatformInput::ModifiersChanged(modifiers_changed)
1204            }
1205            PlatformInput::ScrollWheel(scroll_wheel) => {
1206                self.window.mouse_position = scroll_wheel.position;
1207                self.window.modifiers = scroll_wheel.modifiers;
1208                PlatformInput::ScrollWheel(scroll_wheel)
1209            }
1210            // Translate dragging and dropping of external files from the operating system
1211            // to internal drag and drop events.
1212            PlatformInput::FileDrop(file_drop) => match file_drop {
1213                FileDropEvent::Entered { position, paths } => {
1214                    self.window.mouse_position = position;
1215                    if self.active_drag.is_none() {
1216                        self.active_drag = Some(AnyDrag {
1217                            value: Box::new(paths.clone()),
1218                            view: self.new_view(|_| paths).into(),
1219                            cursor_offset: position,
1220                        });
1221                    }
1222                    PlatformInput::MouseMove(MouseMoveEvent {
1223                        position,
1224                        pressed_button: Some(MouseButton::Left),
1225                        modifiers: Modifiers::default(),
1226                    })
1227                }
1228                FileDropEvent::Pending { position } => {
1229                    self.window.mouse_position = position;
1230                    PlatformInput::MouseMove(MouseMoveEvent {
1231                        position,
1232                        pressed_button: Some(MouseButton::Left),
1233                        modifiers: Modifiers::default(),
1234                    })
1235                }
1236                FileDropEvent::Submit { position } => {
1237                    self.activate(true);
1238                    self.window.mouse_position = position;
1239                    PlatformInput::MouseUp(MouseUpEvent {
1240                        button: MouseButton::Left,
1241                        position,
1242                        modifiers: Modifiers::default(),
1243                        click_count: 1,
1244                    })
1245                }
1246                FileDropEvent::Exited => {
1247                    self.active_drag.take();
1248                    PlatformInput::FileDrop(FileDropEvent::Exited)
1249                }
1250            },
1251            PlatformInput::KeyDown(_) | PlatformInput::KeyUp(_) => event,
1252        };
1253
1254        if let Some(any_mouse_event) = event.mouse_event() {
1255            self.dispatch_mouse_event(any_mouse_event);
1256        } else if let Some(any_key_event) = event.keyboard_event() {
1257            self.dispatch_key_event(any_key_event);
1258        }
1259
1260        DispatchEventResult {
1261            propagate: self.app.propagate_event,
1262            default_prevented: self.window.default_prevented,
1263        }
1264    }
1265
1266    fn dispatch_mouse_event(&mut self, event: &dyn Any) {
1267        let hit_test = self.window.rendered_frame.hit_test(self.mouse_position());
1268        if hit_test != self.window.mouse_hit_test {
1269            self.window.mouse_hit_test = hit_test;
1270            self.reset_cursor_style();
1271        }
1272
1273        let mut mouse_listeners = mem::take(&mut self.window.rendered_frame.mouse_listeners);
1274        self.with_element_context(|cx| {
1275            // Capture phase, events bubble from back to front. Handlers for this phase are used for
1276            // special purposes, such as detecting events outside of a given Bounds.
1277            for listener in &mut mouse_listeners {
1278                let listener = listener.as_mut().unwrap();
1279                listener(event, DispatchPhase::Capture, cx);
1280                if !cx.app.propagate_event {
1281                    break;
1282                }
1283            }
1284
1285            // Bubble phase, where most normal handlers do their work.
1286            if cx.app.propagate_event {
1287                for listener in mouse_listeners.iter_mut().rev() {
1288                    let listener = listener.as_mut().unwrap();
1289                    listener(event, DispatchPhase::Bubble, cx);
1290                    if !cx.app.propagate_event {
1291                        break;
1292                    }
1293                }
1294            }
1295        });
1296        self.window.rendered_frame.mouse_listeners = mouse_listeners;
1297
1298        if self.app.propagate_event && self.has_active_drag() {
1299            if event.is::<MouseMoveEvent>() {
1300                // If this was a mouse move event, redraw the window so that the
1301                // active drag can follow the mouse cursor.
1302                self.refresh();
1303            } else if event.is::<MouseUpEvent>() {
1304                // If this was a mouse up event, cancel the active drag and redraw
1305                // the window.
1306                self.active_drag = None;
1307                self.refresh();
1308            }
1309        }
1310    }
1311
1312    fn dispatch_key_event(&mut self, event: &dyn Any) {
1313        if self.window.dirty.get() {
1314            self.draw();
1315        }
1316
1317        let node_id = self
1318            .window
1319            .focus
1320            .and_then(|focus_id| {
1321                self.window
1322                    .rendered_frame
1323                    .dispatch_tree
1324                    .focusable_node_id(focus_id)
1325            })
1326            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
1327
1328        let dispatch_path = self
1329            .window
1330            .rendered_frame
1331            .dispatch_tree
1332            .dispatch_path(node_id);
1333
1334        if let Some(key_down_event) = event.downcast_ref::<KeyDownEvent>() {
1335            let KeymatchResult { bindings, pending } = self
1336                .window
1337                .rendered_frame
1338                .dispatch_tree
1339                .dispatch_key(&key_down_event.keystroke, &dispatch_path);
1340
1341            if pending {
1342                let mut currently_pending = self.window.pending_input.take().unwrap_or_default();
1343                if currently_pending.focus.is_some() && currently_pending.focus != self.window.focus
1344                {
1345                    currently_pending = PendingInput::default();
1346                }
1347                currently_pending.focus = self.window.focus;
1348                currently_pending
1349                    .keystrokes
1350                    .push(key_down_event.keystroke.clone());
1351                for binding in bindings {
1352                    currently_pending.bindings.push(binding);
1353                }
1354
1355                currently_pending.timer = Some(self.spawn(|mut cx| async move {
1356                    cx.background_executor.timer(Duration::from_secs(1)).await;
1357                    cx.update(move |cx| {
1358                        cx.clear_pending_keystrokes();
1359                        let Some(currently_pending) = cx.window.pending_input.take() else {
1360                            return;
1361                        };
1362                        cx.replay_pending_input(currently_pending)
1363                    })
1364                    .log_err();
1365                }));
1366
1367                self.window.pending_input = Some(currently_pending);
1368
1369                self.propagate_event = false;
1370                return;
1371            } else if let Some(currently_pending) = self.window.pending_input.take() {
1372                if bindings
1373                    .iter()
1374                    .all(|binding| !currently_pending.used_by_binding(binding))
1375                {
1376                    self.replay_pending_input(currently_pending)
1377                }
1378            }
1379
1380            if !bindings.is_empty() {
1381                self.clear_pending_keystrokes();
1382            }
1383
1384            self.propagate_event = true;
1385            for binding in bindings {
1386                self.dispatch_action_on_node(node_id, binding.action.as_ref());
1387                if !self.propagate_event {
1388                    self.dispatch_keystroke_observers(event, Some(binding.action));
1389                    return;
1390                }
1391            }
1392        }
1393
1394        self.dispatch_key_down_up_event(event, &dispatch_path);
1395        if !self.propagate_event {
1396            return;
1397        }
1398
1399        self.dispatch_modifiers_changed_event(event, &dispatch_path);
1400        if !self.propagate_event {
1401            return;
1402        }
1403
1404        self.dispatch_keystroke_observers(event, None);
1405    }
1406
1407    fn dispatch_key_down_up_event(
1408        &mut self,
1409        event: &dyn Any,
1410        dispatch_path: &SmallVec<[DispatchNodeId; 32]>,
1411    ) {
1412        // Capture phase
1413        for node_id in dispatch_path {
1414            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
1415
1416            for key_listener in node.key_listeners.clone() {
1417                self.with_element_context(|cx| {
1418                    key_listener(event, DispatchPhase::Capture, cx);
1419                });
1420                if !self.propagate_event {
1421                    return;
1422                }
1423            }
1424        }
1425
1426        // Bubble phase
1427        for node_id in dispatch_path.iter().rev() {
1428            // Handle low level key events
1429            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
1430            for key_listener in node.key_listeners.clone() {
1431                self.with_element_context(|cx| {
1432                    key_listener(event, DispatchPhase::Bubble, cx);
1433                });
1434                if !self.propagate_event {
1435                    return;
1436                }
1437            }
1438        }
1439    }
1440
1441    fn dispatch_modifiers_changed_event(
1442        &mut self,
1443        event: &dyn Any,
1444        dispatch_path: &SmallVec<[DispatchNodeId; 32]>,
1445    ) {
1446        let Some(event) = event.downcast_ref::<ModifiersChangedEvent>() else {
1447            return;
1448        };
1449        for node_id in dispatch_path.iter().rev() {
1450            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
1451            for listener in node.modifiers_changed_listeners.clone() {
1452                self.with_element_context(|cx| {
1453                    listener(event, cx);
1454                });
1455                if !self.propagate_event {
1456                    return;
1457                }
1458            }
1459        }
1460    }
1461
1462    /// Determine whether a potential multi-stroke key binding is in progress on this window.
1463    pub fn has_pending_keystrokes(&self) -> bool {
1464        self.window
1465            .rendered_frame
1466            .dispatch_tree
1467            .has_pending_keystrokes()
1468    }
1469
1470    fn replay_pending_input(&mut self, currently_pending: PendingInput) {
1471        let node_id = self
1472            .window
1473            .focus
1474            .and_then(|focus_id| {
1475                self.window
1476                    .rendered_frame
1477                    .dispatch_tree
1478                    .focusable_node_id(focus_id)
1479            })
1480            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
1481
1482        if self.window.focus != currently_pending.focus {
1483            return;
1484        }
1485
1486        let input = currently_pending.input();
1487
1488        self.propagate_event = true;
1489        for binding in currently_pending.bindings {
1490            self.dispatch_action_on_node(node_id, binding.action.as_ref());
1491            if !self.propagate_event {
1492                return;
1493            }
1494        }
1495
1496        let dispatch_path = self
1497            .window
1498            .rendered_frame
1499            .dispatch_tree
1500            .dispatch_path(node_id);
1501
1502        for keystroke in currently_pending.keystrokes {
1503            let event = KeyDownEvent {
1504                keystroke,
1505                is_held: false,
1506            };
1507
1508            self.dispatch_key_down_up_event(&event, &dispatch_path);
1509            if !self.propagate_event {
1510                return;
1511            }
1512        }
1513
1514        if !input.is_empty() {
1515            if let Some(mut input_handler) = self.window.platform_window.take_input_handler() {
1516                input_handler.dispatch_input(&input, self);
1517                self.window.platform_window.set_input_handler(input_handler)
1518            }
1519        }
1520    }
1521
1522    fn dispatch_action_on_node(&mut self, node_id: DispatchNodeId, action: &dyn Action) {
1523        let dispatch_path = self
1524            .window
1525            .rendered_frame
1526            .dispatch_tree
1527            .dispatch_path(node_id);
1528
1529        // Capture phase for global actions.
1530        self.propagate_event = true;
1531        if let Some(mut global_listeners) = self
1532            .global_action_listeners
1533            .remove(&action.as_any().type_id())
1534        {
1535            for listener in &global_listeners {
1536                listener(action.as_any(), DispatchPhase::Capture, self);
1537                if !self.propagate_event {
1538                    break;
1539                }
1540            }
1541
1542            global_listeners.extend(
1543                self.global_action_listeners
1544                    .remove(&action.as_any().type_id())
1545                    .unwrap_or_default(),
1546            );
1547
1548            self.global_action_listeners
1549                .insert(action.as_any().type_id(), global_listeners);
1550        }
1551
1552        if !self.propagate_event {
1553            return;
1554        }
1555
1556        // Capture phase for window actions.
1557        for node_id in &dispatch_path {
1558            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
1559            for DispatchActionListener {
1560                action_type,
1561                listener,
1562            } in node.action_listeners.clone()
1563            {
1564                let any_action = action.as_any();
1565                if action_type == any_action.type_id() {
1566                    self.with_element_context(|cx| {
1567                        listener(any_action, DispatchPhase::Capture, cx);
1568                    });
1569
1570                    if !self.propagate_event {
1571                        return;
1572                    }
1573                }
1574            }
1575        }
1576
1577        // Bubble phase for window actions.
1578        for node_id in dispatch_path.iter().rev() {
1579            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
1580            for DispatchActionListener {
1581                action_type,
1582                listener,
1583            } in node.action_listeners.clone()
1584            {
1585                let any_action = action.as_any();
1586                if action_type == any_action.type_id() {
1587                    self.propagate_event = false; // Actions stop propagation by default during the bubble phase
1588
1589                    self.with_element_context(|cx| {
1590                        listener(any_action, DispatchPhase::Bubble, cx);
1591                    });
1592
1593                    if !self.propagate_event {
1594                        return;
1595                    }
1596                }
1597            }
1598        }
1599
1600        // Bubble phase for global actions.
1601        if let Some(mut global_listeners) = self
1602            .global_action_listeners
1603            .remove(&action.as_any().type_id())
1604        {
1605            for listener in global_listeners.iter().rev() {
1606                self.propagate_event = false; // Actions stop propagation by default during the bubble phase
1607
1608                listener(action.as_any(), DispatchPhase::Bubble, self);
1609                if !self.propagate_event {
1610                    break;
1611                }
1612            }
1613
1614            global_listeners.extend(
1615                self.global_action_listeners
1616                    .remove(&action.as_any().type_id())
1617                    .unwrap_or_default(),
1618            );
1619
1620            self.global_action_listeners
1621                .insert(action.as_any().type_id(), global_listeners);
1622        }
1623    }
1624
1625    /// Register the given handler to be invoked whenever the global of the given type
1626    /// is updated.
1627    pub fn observe_global<G: Global>(
1628        &mut self,
1629        f: impl Fn(&mut WindowContext<'_>) + 'static,
1630    ) -> Subscription {
1631        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
1632        let (subscription, activate) = self.global_observers.insert(
1633            TypeId::of::<G>(),
1634            Box::new(move |cx| window_handle.update(cx, |_, cx| f(cx)).is_ok()),
1635        );
1636        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
1637        subscription
1638    }
1639
1640    /// Focus the current window and bring it to the foreground at the platform level.
1641    pub fn activate_window(&self) {
1642        self.window.platform_window.activate();
1643    }
1644
1645    /// Minimize the current window at the platform level.
1646    pub fn minimize_window(&self) {
1647        self.window.platform_window.minimize();
1648    }
1649
1650    /// Toggle full screen status on the current window at the platform level.
1651    pub fn toggle_fullscreen(&self) {
1652        self.window.platform_window.toggle_fullscreen();
1653    }
1654
1655    /// Present a platform dialog.
1656    /// The provided message will be presented, along with buttons for each answer.
1657    /// When a button is clicked, the returned Receiver will receive the index of the clicked button.
1658    pub fn prompt(
1659        &mut self,
1660        level: PromptLevel,
1661        message: &str,
1662        detail: Option<&str>,
1663        answers: &[&str],
1664    ) -> oneshot::Receiver<usize> {
1665        let prompt_builder = self.app.prompt_builder.take();
1666        let Some(prompt_builder) = prompt_builder else {
1667            unreachable!("Re-entrant window prompting is not supported by GPUI");
1668        };
1669
1670        let receiver = match &prompt_builder {
1671            PromptBuilder::Default => self
1672                .window
1673                .platform_window
1674                .prompt(level, message, detail, answers)
1675                .unwrap_or_else(|| {
1676                    self.build_custom_prompt(&prompt_builder, level, message, detail, answers)
1677                }),
1678            PromptBuilder::Custom(_) => {
1679                self.build_custom_prompt(&prompt_builder, level, message, detail, answers)
1680            }
1681        };
1682
1683        self.app.prompt_builder = Some(prompt_builder);
1684
1685        receiver
1686    }
1687
1688    fn build_custom_prompt(
1689        &mut self,
1690        prompt_builder: &PromptBuilder,
1691        level: PromptLevel,
1692        message: &str,
1693        detail: Option<&str>,
1694        answers: &[&str],
1695    ) -> oneshot::Receiver<usize> {
1696        let (sender, receiver) = oneshot::channel();
1697        let handle = PromptHandle::new(sender);
1698        let handle = (prompt_builder)(level, message, detail, answers, handle, self);
1699        self.window.prompt = Some(handle);
1700        receiver
1701    }
1702
1703    /// Returns all available actions for the focused element.
1704    pub fn available_actions(&self) -> Vec<Box<dyn Action>> {
1705        let node_id = self
1706            .window
1707            .focus
1708            .and_then(|focus_id| {
1709                self.window
1710                    .rendered_frame
1711                    .dispatch_tree
1712                    .focusable_node_id(focus_id)
1713            })
1714            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
1715
1716        let mut actions = self
1717            .window
1718            .rendered_frame
1719            .dispatch_tree
1720            .available_actions(node_id);
1721        for action_type in self.global_action_listeners.keys() {
1722            if let Err(ix) = actions.binary_search_by_key(action_type, |a| a.as_any().type_id()) {
1723                let action = self.actions.build_action_type(action_type).ok();
1724                if let Some(action) = action {
1725                    actions.insert(ix, action);
1726                }
1727            }
1728        }
1729        actions
1730    }
1731
1732    /// Returns key bindings that invoke the given action on the currently focused element.
1733    pub fn bindings_for_action(&self, action: &dyn Action) -> Vec<KeyBinding> {
1734        self.window
1735            .rendered_frame
1736            .dispatch_tree
1737            .bindings_for_action(
1738                action,
1739                &self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.context_stack,
1740            )
1741    }
1742
1743    /// Returns any bindings that would invoke the given action on the given focus handle if it were focused.
1744    pub fn bindings_for_action_in(
1745        &self,
1746        action: &dyn Action,
1747        focus_handle: &FocusHandle,
1748    ) -> Vec<KeyBinding> {
1749        let dispatch_tree = &self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree;
1750
1751        let Some(node_id) = dispatch_tree.focusable_node_id(focus_handle.id) else {
1752            return vec![];
1753        };
1754        let context_stack: Vec<_> = dispatch_tree
1755            .dispatch_path(node_id)
1756            .into_iter()
1757            .filter_map(|node_id| dispatch_tree.node(node_id).context.clone())
1758            .collect();
1759        dispatch_tree.bindings_for_action(action, &context_stack)
1760    }
1761
1762    /// Returns a generic event listener that invokes the given listener with the view and context associated with the given view handle.
1763    pub fn listener_for<V: Render, E>(
1764        &self,
1765        view: &View<V>,
1766        f: impl Fn(&mut V, &E, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
1767    ) -> impl Fn(&E, &mut WindowContext) + 'static {
1768        let view = view.downgrade();
1769        move |e: &E, cx: &mut WindowContext| {
1770            view.update(cx, |view, cx| f(view, e, cx)).ok();
1771        }
1772    }
1773
1774    /// Returns a generic handler that invokes the given handler with the view and context associated with the given view handle.
1775    pub fn handler_for<V: Render>(
1776        &self,
1777        view: &View<V>,
1778        f: impl Fn(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
1779    ) -> impl Fn(&mut WindowContext) {
1780        let view = view.downgrade();
1781        move |cx: &mut WindowContext| {
1782            view.update(cx, |view, cx| f(view, cx)).ok();
1783        }
1784    }
1785
1786    /// Register a callback that can interrupt the closing of the current window based the returned boolean.
1787    /// If the callback returns false, the window won't be closed.
1788    pub fn on_window_should_close(&mut self, f: impl Fn(&mut WindowContext) -> bool + 'static) {
1789        let mut this = self.to_async();
1790        self.window
1791            .platform_window
1792            .on_should_close(Box::new(move || this.update(|cx| f(cx)).unwrap_or(true)))
1793    }
1794
1795    /// Register an action listener on the window for the next frame. The type of action
1796    /// is determined by the first parameter of the given listener. When the next frame is rendered
1797    /// the listener will be cleared.
1798    ///
1799    /// This is a fairly low-level method, so prefer using action handlers on elements unless you have
1800    /// a specific need to register a global listener.
1801    pub fn on_action(
1802        &mut self,
1803        action_type: TypeId,
1804        listener: impl Fn(&dyn Any, DispatchPhase, &mut WindowContext) + 'static,
1805    ) {
1806        self.window
1807            .next_frame
1808            .dispatch_tree
1809            .on_action(action_type, Rc::new(listener));
1810    }
1811}
1812
1813#[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
1814impl WindowContext<'_> {
1815    /// Returns the raw HWND handle for the window.
1816    pub fn get_raw_handle(&self) -> windows::Win32::Foundation::HWND {
1817        self.window.platform_window.get_raw_handle()
1818    }
1819}
1820
1821impl Context for WindowContext<'_> {
1822    type Result<T> = T;
1823
1824    fn new_model<T>(&mut self, build_model: impl FnOnce(&mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> T) -> Model<T>
1825    where
1826        T: 'static,
1827    {
1828        let slot = self.app.entities.reserve();
1829        let model = build_model(&mut ModelContext::new(&mut *self.app, slot.downgrade()));
1830        self.entities.insert(slot, model)
1831    }
1832
1833    fn reserve_model<T: 'static>(&mut self) -> Self::Result<crate::Reservation<T>> {
1834        self.app.reserve_model()
1835    }
1836
1837    fn insert_model<T: 'static>(
1838        &mut self,
1839        reservation: crate::Reservation<T>,
1840        build_model: impl FnOnce(&mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> T,
1841    ) -> Self::Result<Model<T>> {
1842        self.app.insert_model(reservation, build_model)
1843    }
1844
1845    fn update_model<T: 'static, R>(
1846        &mut self,
1847        model: &Model<T>,
1848        update: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> R,
1849    ) -> R {
1850        let mut entity = self.entities.lease(model);
1851        let result = update(
1852            &mut *entity,
1853            &mut ModelContext::new(&mut *self.app, model.downgrade()),
1854        );
1855        self.entities.end_lease(entity);
1856        result
1857    }
1858
1859    fn read_model<T, R>(
1860        &self,
1861        handle: &Model<T>,
1862        read: impl FnOnce(&T, &AppContext) -> R,
1863    ) -> Self::Result<R>
1864    where
1865        T: 'static,
1866    {
1867        let entity = self.entities.read(handle);
1868        read(entity, &*self.app)
1869    }
1870
1871    fn update_window<T, F>(&mut self, window: AnyWindowHandle, update: F) -> Result<T>
1872    where
1873        F: FnOnce(AnyView, &mut WindowContext<'_>) -> T,
1874    {
1875        if window == self.window.handle {
1876            let root_view = self.window.root_view.clone().unwrap();
1877            Ok(update(root_view, self))
1878        } else {
1879            window.update(self.app, update)
1880        }
1881    }
1882
1883    fn read_window<T, R>(
1884        &self,
1885        window: &WindowHandle<T>,
1886        read: impl FnOnce(View<T>, &AppContext) -> R,
1887    ) -> Result<R>
1888    where
1889        T: 'static,
1890    {
1891        if window.any_handle == self.window.handle {
1892            let root_view = self
1893                .window
1894                .root_view
1895                .clone()
1896                .unwrap()
1897                .downcast::<T>()
1898                .map_err(|_| anyhow!("the type of the window's root view has changed"))?;
1899            Ok(read(root_view, self))
1900        } else {
1901            self.app.read_window(window, read)
1902        }
1903    }
1904}
1905
1906impl VisualContext for WindowContext<'_> {
1907    fn new_view<V>(
1908        &mut self,
1909        build_view_state: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, V>) -> V,
1910    ) -> Self::Result<View<V>>
1911    where
1912        V: 'static + Render,
1913    {
1914        let slot = self.app.entities.reserve();
1915        let view = View {
1916            model: slot.clone(),
1917        };
1918        let mut cx = ViewContext::new(&mut *self.app, &mut *self.window, &view);
1919        let entity = build_view_state(&mut cx);
1920        cx.entities.insert(slot, entity);
1921
1922        // Non-generic part to avoid leaking SubscriberSet to invokers of `new_view`.
1923        fn notify_observers(cx: &mut WindowContext, tid: TypeId, view: AnyView) {
1924            cx.new_view_observers.clone().retain(&tid, |observer| {
1925                let any_view = view.clone();
1926                (observer)(any_view, cx);
1927                true
1928            });
1929        }
1930        notify_observers(self, TypeId::of::<V>(), AnyView::from(view.clone()));
1931
1932        view
1933    }
1934
1935    /// Updates the given view. Prefer calling [`View::update`] instead, which calls this method.
1936    fn update_view<T: 'static, R>(
1937        &mut self,
1938        view: &View<T>,
1939        update: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut ViewContext<'_, T>) -> R,
1940    ) -> Self::Result<R> {
1941        let mut lease = self.app.entities.lease(&view.model);
1942        let mut cx = ViewContext::new(&mut *self.app, &mut *self.window, view);
1943        let result = update(&mut *lease, &mut cx);
1944        cx.app.entities.end_lease(lease);
1945        result
1946    }
1947
1948    fn replace_root_view<V>(
1949        &mut self,
1950        build_view: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, V>) -> V,
1951    ) -> Self::Result<View<V>>
1952    where
1953        V: 'static + Render,
1954    {
1955        let view = self.new_view(build_view);
1956        self.window.root_view = Some(view.clone().into());
1957        self.refresh();
1958        view
1959    }
1960
1961    fn focus_view<V: crate::FocusableView>(&mut self, view: &View<V>) -> Self::Result<()> {
1962        self.update_view(view, |view, cx| {
1963            view.focus_handle(cx).clone().focus(cx);
1964        })
1965    }
1966
1967    fn dismiss_view<V>(&mut self, view: &View<V>) -> Self::Result<()>
1968    where
1969        V: ManagedView,
1970    {
1971        self.update_view(view, |_, cx| cx.emit(DismissEvent))
1972    }
1973}
1974
1975impl<'a> std::ops::Deref for WindowContext<'a> {
1976    type Target = AppContext;
1977
1978    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
1979        self.app
1980    }
1981}
1982
1983impl<'a> std::ops::DerefMut for WindowContext<'a> {
1984    fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
1985        self.app
1986    }
1987}
1988
1989impl<'a> Borrow<AppContext> for WindowContext<'a> {
1990    fn borrow(&self) -> &AppContext {
1991        self.app
1992    }
1993}
1994
1995impl<'a> BorrowMut<AppContext> for WindowContext<'a> {
1996    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut AppContext {
1997        self.app
1998    }
1999}
2000
2001/// This trait contains functionality that is shared across [`ViewContext`] and [`WindowContext`]
2002pub trait BorrowWindow: BorrowMut<Window> + BorrowMut<AppContext> {
2003    #[doc(hidden)]
2004    fn app_mut(&mut self) -> &mut AppContext {
2005        self.borrow_mut()
2006    }
2007
2008    #[doc(hidden)]
2009    fn app(&self) -> &AppContext {
2010        self.borrow()
2011    }
2012
2013    #[doc(hidden)]
2014    fn window(&self) -> &Window {
2015        self.borrow()
2016    }
2017
2018    #[doc(hidden)]
2019    fn window_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Window {
2020        self.borrow_mut()
2021    }
2022}
2023
2024impl Borrow<Window> for WindowContext<'_> {
2025    fn borrow(&self) -> &Window {
2026        self.window
2027    }
2028}
2029
2030impl BorrowMut<Window> for WindowContext<'_> {
2031    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Window {
2032        self.window
2033    }
2034}
2035
2036impl<T> BorrowWindow for T where T: BorrowMut<AppContext> + BorrowMut<Window> {}
2037
2038/// Provides access to application state that is specialized for a particular [`View`].
2039/// Allows you to interact with focus, emit events, etc.
2040/// ViewContext also derefs to [`WindowContext`], giving you access to all of its methods as well.
2041/// When you call [`View::update`], you're passed a `&mut V` and an `&mut ViewContext<V>`.
2042pub struct ViewContext<'a, V> {
2043    window_cx: WindowContext<'a>,
2044    view: &'a View<V>,
2045}
2046
2047impl<V> Borrow<AppContext> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
2048    fn borrow(&self) -> &AppContext {
2049        &*self.window_cx.app
2050    }
2051}
2052
2053impl<V> BorrowMut<AppContext> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
2054    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut AppContext {
2055        &mut *self.window_cx.app
2056    }
2057}
2058
2059impl<V> Borrow<Window> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
2060    fn borrow(&self) -> &Window {
2061        &*self.window_cx.window
2062    }
2063}
2064
2065impl<V> BorrowMut<Window> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
2066    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Window {
2067        &mut *self.window_cx.window
2068    }
2069}
2070
2071impl<'a, V: 'static> ViewContext<'a, V> {
2072    pub(crate) fn new(app: &'a mut AppContext, window: &'a mut Window, view: &'a View<V>) -> Self {
2073        Self {
2074            window_cx: WindowContext::new(app, window),
2075            view,
2076        }
2077    }
2078
2079    /// Get the entity_id of this view.
2080    pub fn entity_id(&self) -> EntityId {
2081        self.view.entity_id()
2082    }
2083
2084    /// Get the view pointer underlying this context.
2085    pub fn view(&self) -> &View<V> {
2086        self.view
2087    }
2088
2089    /// Get the model underlying this view.
2090    pub fn model(&self) -> &Model<V> {
2091        &self.view.model
2092    }
2093
2094    /// Access the underlying window context.
2095    pub fn window_context(&mut self) -> &mut WindowContext<'a> {
2096        &mut self.window_cx
2097    }
2098
2099    /// Sets a given callback to be run on the next frame.
2100    pub fn on_next_frame(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static)
2101    where
2102        V: 'static,
2103    {
2104        let view = self.view().clone();
2105        self.window_cx.on_next_frame(move |cx| view.update(cx, f));
2106    }
2107
2108    /// Schedules the given function to be run at the end of the current effect cycle, allowing entities
2109    /// that are currently on the stack to be returned to the app.
2110    pub fn defer(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static) {
2111        let view = self.view().downgrade();
2112        self.window_cx.defer(move |cx| {
2113            view.update(cx, f).ok();
2114        });
2115    }
2116
2117    /// Observe another model or view for changes to its state, as tracked by [`ModelContext::notify`].
2118    pub fn observe<V2, E>(
2119        &mut self,
2120        entity: &E,
2121        mut on_notify: impl FnMut(&mut V, E, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
2122    ) -> Subscription
2123    where
2124        V2: 'static,
2125        V: 'static,
2126        E: Entity<V2>,
2127    {
2128        let view = self.view().downgrade();
2129        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
2130        let entity = entity.downgrade();
2131        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
2132        self.app.new_observer(
2133            entity_id,
2134            Box::new(move |cx| {
2135                window_handle
2136                    .update(cx, |_, cx| {
2137                        if let Some(handle) = E::upgrade_from(&entity) {
2138                            view.update(cx, |this, cx| on_notify(this, handle, cx))
2139                                .is_ok()
2140                        } else {
2141                            false
2142                        }
2143                    })
2144                    .unwrap_or(false)
2145            }),
2146        )
2147    }
2148
2149    /// Subscribe to events emitted by another model or view.
2150    /// The entity to which you're subscribing must implement the [`EventEmitter`] trait.
2151    /// The callback will be invoked with a reference to the current view, a handle to the emitting entity (either a [`View`] or [`Model`]), the event, and a view context for the current view.
2152    pub fn subscribe<V2, E, Evt>(
2153        &mut self,
2154        entity: &E,
2155        mut on_event: impl FnMut(&mut V, E, &Evt, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
2156    ) -> Subscription
2157    where
2158        V2: EventEmitter<Evt>,
2159        E: Entity<V2>,
2160        Evt: 'static,
2161    {
2162        let view = self.view().downgrade();
2163        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
2164        let handle = entity.downgrade();
2165        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
2166        self.app.new_subscription(
2167            entity_id,
2168            (
2169                TypeId::of::<Evt>(),
2170                Box::new(move |event, cx| {
2171                    window_handle
2172                        .update(cx, |_, cx| {
2173                            if let Some(handle) = E::upgrade_from(&handle) {
2174                                let event = event.downcast_ref().expect("invalid event type");
2175                                view.update(cx, |this, cx| on_event(this, handle, event, cx))
2176                                    .is_ok()
2177                            } else {
2178                                false
2179                            }
2180                        })
2181                        .unwrap_or(false)
2182                }),
2183            ),
2184        )
2185    }
2186
2187    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the view is released.
2188    ///
2189    /// The callback receives a handle to the view's window. This handle may be
2190    /// invalid, if the window was closed before the view was released.
2191    pub fn on_release(
2192        &mut self,
2193        on_release: impl FnOnce(&mut V, AnyWindowHandle, &mut AppContext) + 'static,
2194    ) -> Subscription {
2195        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
2196        let (subscription, activate) = self.app.release_listeners.insert(
2197            self.view.model.entity_id,
2198            Box::new(move |this, cx| {
2199                let this = this.downcast_mut().expect("invalid entity type");
2200                on_release(this, window_handle, cx)
2201            }),
2202        );
2203        activate();
2204        subscription
2205    }
2206
2207    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the given Model or View is released.
2208    pub fn observe_release<V2, E>(
2209        &mut self,
2210        entity: &E,
2211        mut on_release: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut V2, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
2212    ) -> Subscription
2213    where
2214        V: 'static,
2215        V2: 'static,
2216        E: Entity<V2>,
2217    {
2218        let view = self.view().downgrade();
2219        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
2220        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
2221        let (subscription, activate) = self.app.release_listeners.insert(
2222            entity_id,
2223            Box::new(move |entity, cx| {
2224                let entity = entity.downcast_mut().expect("invalid entity type");
2225                let _ = window_handle.update(cx, |_, cx| {
2226                    view.update(cx, |this, cx| on_release(this, entity, cx))
2227                });
2228            }),
2229        );
2230        activate();
2231        subscription
2232    }
2233
2234    /// Indicate that this view has changed, which will invoke any observers and also mark the window as dirty.
2235    /// If this view or any of its ancestors are *cached*, notifying it will cause it or its ancestors to be redrawn.
2236    pub fn notify(&mut self) {
2237        self.window_cx.notify(self.view.entity_id());
2238    }
2239
2240    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the window is resized.
2241    pub fn observe_window_bounds(
2242        &mut self,
2243        mut callback: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
2244    ) -> Subscription {
2245        let view = self.view.downgrade();
2246        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.bounds_observers.insert(
2247            (),
2248            Box::new(move |cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| callback(view, cx)).is_ok()),
2249        );
2250        activate();
2251        subscription
2252    }
2253
2254    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the window is activated or deactivated.
2255    pub fn observe_window_activation(
2256        &mut self,
2257        mut callback: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
2258    ) -> Subscription {
2259        let view = self.view.downgrade();
2260        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.activation_observers.insert(
2261            (),
2262            Box::new(move |cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| callback(view, cx)).is_ok()),
2263        );
2264        activate();
2265        subscription
2266    }
2267
2268    /// Registers a callback to be invoked when the window appearance changes.
2269    pub fn observe_window_appearance(
2270        &mut self,
2271        mut callback: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
2272    ) -> Subscription {
2273        let view = self.view.downgrade();
2274        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.appearance_observers.insert(
2275            (),
2276            Box::new(move |cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| callback(view, cx)).is_ok()),
2277        );
2278        activate();
2279        subscription
2280    }
2281
2282    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle receives focus.
2283    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
2284    pub fn on_focus(
2285        &mut self,
2286        handle: &FocusHandle,
2287        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
2288    ) -> Subscription {
2289        let view = self.view.downgrade();
2290        let focus_id = handle.id;
2291        let (subscription, activate) =
2292            self.window.new_focus_listener(Box::new(move |event, cx| {
2293                view.update(cx, |view, cx| {
2294                    if event.previous_focus_path.last() != Some(&focus_id)
2295                        && event.current_focus_path.last() == Some(&focus_id)
2296                    {
2297                        listener(view, cx)
2298                    }
2299                })
2300                .is_ok()
2301            }));
2302        self.app.defer(|_| activate());
2303        subscription
2304    }
2305
2306    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle or one of its descendants receives focus.
2307    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
2308    pub fn on_focus_in(
2309        &mut self,
2310        handle: &FocusHandle,
2311        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
2312    ) -> Subscription {
2313        let view = self.view.downgrade();
2314        let focus_id = handle.id;
2315        let (subscription, activate) =
2316            self.window.new_focus_listener(Box::new(move |event, cx| {
2317                view.update(cx, |view, cx| {
2318                    if !event.previous_focus_path.contains(&focus_id)
2319                        && event.current_focus_path.contains(&focus_id)
2320                    {
2321                        listener(view, cx)
2322                    }
2323                })
2324                .is_ok()
2325            }));
2326        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
2327        subscription
2328    }
2329
2330    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle loses focus.
2331    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
2332    pub fn on_blur(
2333        &mut self,
2334        handle: &FocusHandle,
2335        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
2336    ) -> Subscription {
2337        let view = self.view.downgrade();
2338        let focus_id = handle.id;
2339        let (subscription, activate) =
2340            self.window.new_focus_listener(Box::new(move |event, cx| {
2341                view.update(cx, |view, cx| {
2342                    if event.previous_focus_path.last() == Some(&focus_id)
2343                        && event.current_focus_path.last() != Some(&focus_id)
2344                    {
2345                        listener(view, cx)
2346                    }
2347                })
2348                .is_ok()
2349            }));
2350        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
2351        subscription
2352    }
2353
2354    /// Register a listener to be called when nothing in the window has focus.
2355    /// This typically happens when the node that was focused is removed from the tree,
2356    /// and this callback lets you chose a default place to restore the users focus.
2357    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
2358    pub fn on_focus_lost(
2359        &mut self,
2360        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
2361    ) -> Subscription {
2362        let view = self.view.downgrade();
2363        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.focus_lost_listeners.insert(
2364            (),
2365            Box::new(move |cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| listener(view, cx)).is_ok()),
2366        );
2367        activate();
2368        subscription
2369    }
2370
2371    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle or one of its descendants loses focus.
2372    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
2373    pub fn on_focus_out(
2374        &mut self,
2375        handle: &FocusHandle,
2376        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
2377    ) -> Subscription {
2378        let view = self.view.downgrade();
2379        let focus_id = handle.id;
2380        let (subscription, activate) =
2381            self.window.new_focus_listener(Box::new(move |event, cx| {
2382                view.update(cx, |view, cx| {
2383                    if event.previous_focus_path.contains(&focus_id)
2384                        && !event.current_focus_path.contains(&focus_id)
2385                    {
2386                        listener(view, cx)
2387                    }
2388                })
2389                .is_ok()
2390            }));
2391        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
2392        subscription
2393    }
2394
2395    /// Schedule a future to be run asynchronously.
2396    /// The given callback is invoked with a [`WeakView<V>`] to avoid leaking the view for a long-running process.
2397    /// It's also given an [`AsyncWindowContext`], which can be used to access the state of the view across await points.
2398    /// The returned future will be polled on the main thread.
2399    pub fn spawn<Fut, R>(
2400        &mut self,
2401        f: impl FnOnce(WeakView<V>, AsyncWindowContext) -> Fut,
2402    ) -> Task<R>
2403    where
2404        R: 'static,
2405        Fut: Future<Output = R> + 'static,
2406    {
2407        let view = self.view().downgrade();
2408        self.window_cx.spawn(|cx| f(view, cx))
2409    }
2410
2411    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the given global state changes.
2412    pub fn observe_global<G: Global>(
2413        &mut self,
2414        mut f: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
2415    ) -> Subscription {
2416        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
2417        let view = self.view().downgrade();
2418        let (subscription, activate) = self.global_observers.insert(
2419            TypeId::of::<G>(),
2420            Box::new(move |cx| {
2421                window_handle
2422                    .update(cx, |_, cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| f(view, cx)).is_ok())
2423                    .unwrap_or(false)
2424            }),
2425        );
2426        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
2427        subscription
2428    }
2429
2430    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the given Action type is dispatched to the window.
2431    pub fn on_action(
2432        &mut self,
2433        action_type: TypeId,
2434        listener: impl Fn(&mut V, &dyn Any, DispatchPhase, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
2435    ) {
2436        let handle = self.view().clone();
2437        self.window_cx
2438            .on_action(action_type, move |action, phase, cx| {
2439                handle.update(cx, |view, cx| {
2440                    listener(view, action, phase, cx);
2441                })
2442            });
2443    }
2444
2445    /// Emit an event to be handled any other views that have subscribed via [ViewContext::subscribe].
2446    pub fn emit<Evt>(&mut self, event: Evt)
2447    where
2448        Evt: 'static,
2449        V: EventEmitter<Evt>,
2450    {
2451        let emitter = self.view.model.entity_id;
2452        self.app.push_effect(Effect::Emit {
2453            emitter,
2454            event_type: TypeId::of::<Evt>(),
2455            event: Box::new(event),
2456        });
2457    }
2458
2459    /// Move focus to the current view, assuming it implements [`FocusableView`].
2460    pub fn focus_self(&mut self)
2461    where
2462        V: FocusableView,
2463    {
2464        self.defer(|view, cx| view.focus_handle(cx).focus(cx))
2465    }
2466
2467    /// Convenience method for accessing view state in an event callback.
2468    ///
2469    /// Many GPUI callbacks take the form of `Fn(&E, &mut WindowContext)`,
2470    /// but it's often useful to be able to access view state in these
2471    /// callbacks. This method provides a convenient way to do so.
2472    pub fn listener<E>(
2473        &self,
2474        f: impl Fn(&mut V, &E, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
2475    ) -> impl Fn(&E, &mut WindowContext) + 'static {
2476        let view = self.view().downgrade();
2477        move |e: &E, cx: &mut WindowContext| {
2478            view.update(cx, |view, cx| f(view, e, cx)).ok();
2479        }
2480    }
2481}
2482
2483impl<V> Context for ViewContext<'_, V> {
2484    type Result<U> = U;
2485
2486    fn new_model<T: 'static>(
2487        &mut self,
2488        build_model: impl FnOnce(&mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> T,
2489    ) -> Model<T> {
2490        self.window_cx.new_model(build_model)
2491    }
2492
2493    fn reserve_model<T: 'static>(&mut self) -> Self::Result<crate::Reservation<T>> {
2494        self.window_cx.reserve_model()
2495    }
2496
2497    fn insert_model<T: 'static>(
2498        &mut self,
2499        reservation: crate::Reservation<T>,
2500        build_model: impl FnOnce(&mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> T,
2501    ) -> Self::Result<Model<T>> {
2502        self.window_cx.insert_model(reservation, build_model)
2503    }
2504
2505    fn update_model<T: 'static, R>(
2506        &mut self,
2507        model: &Model<T>,
2508        update: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> R,
2509    ) -> R {
2510        self.window_cx.update_model(model, update)
2511    }
2512
2513    fn read_model<T, R>(
2514        &self,
2515        handle: &Model<T>,
2516        read: impl FnOnce(&T, &AppContext) -> R,
2517    ) -> Self::Result<R>
2518    where
2519        T: 'static,
2520    {
2521        self.window_cx.read_model(handle, read)
2522    }
2523
2524    fn update_window<T, F>(&mut self, window: AnyWindowHandle, update: F) -> Result<T>
2525    where
2526        F: FnOnce(AnyView, &mut WindowContext<'_>) -> T,
2527    {
2528        self.window_cx.update_window(window, update)
2529    }
2530
2531    fn read_window<T, R>(
2532        &self,
2533        window: &WindowHandle<T>,
2534        read: impl FnOnce(View<T>, &AppContext) -> R,
2535    ) -> Result<R>
2536    where
2537        T: 'static,
2538    {
2539        self.window_cx.read_window(window, read)
2540    }
2541}
2542
2543impl<V: 'static> VisualContext for ViewContext<'_, V> {
2544    fn new_view<W: Render + 'static>(
2545        &mut self,
2546        build_view_state: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, W>) -> W,
2547    ) -> Self::Result<View<W>> {
2548        self.window_cx.new_view(build_view_state)
2549    }
2550
2551    fn update_view<V2: 'static, R>(
2552        &mut self,
2553        view: &View<V2>,
2554        update: impl FnOnce(&mut V2, &mut ViewContext<'_, V2>) -> R,
2555    ) -> Self::Result<R> {
2556        self.window_cx.update_view(view, update)
2557    }
2558
2559    fn replace_root_view<W>(
2560        &mut self,
2561        build_view: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, W>) -> W,
2562    ) -> Self::Result<View<W>>
2563    where
2564        W: 'static + Render,
2565    {
2566        self.window_cx.replace_root_view(build_view)
2567    }
2568
2569    fn focus_view<W: FocusableView>(&mut self, view: &View<W>) -> Self::Result<()> {
2570        self.window_cx.focus_view(view)
2571    }
2572
2573    fn dismiss_view<W: ManagedView>(&mut self, view: &View<W>) -> Self::Result<()> {
2574        self.window_cx.dismiss_view(view)
2575    }
2576}
2577
2578impl<'a, V> std::ops::Deref for ViewContext<'a, V> {
2579    type Target = WindowContext<'a>;
2580
2581    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
2582        &self.window_cx
2583    }
2584}
2585
2586impl<'a, V> std::ops::DerefMut for ViewContext<'a, V> {
2587    fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
2588        &mut self.window_cx
2589    }
2590}
2591
2592// #[derive(Clone, Copy, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
2593slotmap::new_key_type! {
2594    /// A unique identifier for a window.
2595    pub struct WindowId;
2596}
2597
2598impl WindowId {
2599    /// Converts this window ID to a `u64`.
2600    pub fn as_u64(&self) -> u64 {
2601        self.0.as_ffi()
2602    }
2603}
2604
2605/// A handle to a window with a specific root view type.
2606/// Note that this does not keep the window alive on its own.
2607#[derive(Deref, DerefMut)]
2608pub struct WindowHandle<V> {
2609    #[deref]
2610    #[deref_mut]
2611    pub(crate) any_handle: AnyWindowHandle,
2612    state_type: PhantomData<V>,
2613}
2614
2615impl<V: 'static + Render> WindowHandle<V> {
2616    /// Creates a new handle from a window ID.
2617    /// This does not check if the root type of the window is `V`.
2618    pub fn new(id: WindowId) -> Self {
2619        WindowHandle {
2620            any_handle: AnyWindowHandle {
2621                id,
2622                state_type: TypeId::of::<V>(),
2623            },
2624            state_type: PhantomData,
2625        }
2626    }
2627
2628    /// Get the root view out of this window.
2629    ///
2630    /// This will fail if the window is closed or if the root view's type does not match `V`.
2631    pub fn root<C>(&self, cx: &mut C) -> Result<View<V>>
2632    where
2633        C: Context,
2634    {
2635        Flatten::flatten(cx.update_window(self.any_handle, |root_view, _| {
2636            root_view
2637                .downcast::<V>()
2638                .map_err(|_| anyhow!("the type of the window's root view has changed"))
2639        }))
2640    }
2641
2642    /// Updates the root view of this window.
2643    ///
2644    /// This will fail if the window has been closed or if the root view's type does not match
2645    pub fn update<C, R>(
2646        &self,
2647        cx: &mut C,
2648        update: impl FnOnce(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) -> R,
2649    ) -> Result<R>
2650    where
2651        C: Context,
2652    {
2653        cx.update_window(self.any_handle, |root_view, cx| {
2654            let view = root_view
2655                .downcast::<V>()
2656                .map_err(|_| anyhow!("the type of the window's root view has changed"))?;
2657            Ok(cx.update_view(&view, update))
2658        })?
2659    }
2660
2661    /// Read the root view out of this window.
2662    ///
2663    /// This will fail if the window is closed or if the root view's type does not match `V`.
2664    pub fn read<'a>(&self, cx: &'a AppContext) -> Result<&'a V> {
2665        let x = cx
2666            .windows
2667            .get(self.id)
2668            .and_then(|window| {
2669                window
2670                    .as_ref()
2671                    .and_then(|window| window.root_view.clone())
2672                    .map(|root_view| root_view.downcast::<V>())
2673            })
2674            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("window not found"))?
2675            .map_err(|_| anyhow!("the type of the window's root view has changed"))?;
2676
2677        Ok(x.read(cx))
2678    }
2679
2680    /// Read the root view out of this window, with a callback
2681    ///
2682    /// This will fail if the window is closed or if the root view's type does not match `V`.
2683    pub fn read_with<C, R>(&self, cx: &C, read_with: impl FnOnce(&V, &AppContext) -> R) -> Result<R>
2684    where
2685        C: Context,
2686    {
2687        cx.read_window(self, |root_view, cx| read_with(root_view.read(cx), cx))
2688    }
2689
2690    /// Read the root view pointer off of this window.
2691    ///
2692    /// This will fail if the window is closed or if the root view's type does not match `V`.
2693    pub fn root_view<C>(&self, cx: &C) -> Result<View<V>>
2694    where
2695        C: Context,
2696    {
2697        cx.read_window(self, |root_view, _cx| root_view.clone())
2698    }
2699
2700    /// Check if this window is 'active'.
2701    ///
2702    /// Will return `None` if the window is closed or currently
2703    /// borrowed.
2704    pub fn is_active(&self, cx: &mut AppContext) -> Option<bool> {
2705        cx.update_window(self.any_handle, |_, cx| cx.is_window_active())
2706            .ok()
2707    }
2708}
2709
2710impl<V> Copy for WindowHandle<V> {}
2711
2712impl<V> Clone for WindowHandle<V> {
2713    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
2714        *self
2715    }
2716}
2717
2718impl<V> PartialEq for WindowHandle<V> {
2719    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
2720        self.any_handle == other.any_handle
2721    }
2722}
2723
2724impl<V> Eq for WindowHandle<V> {}
2725
2726impl<V> Hash for WindowHandle<V> {
2727    fn hash<H: Hasher>(&self, state: &mut H) {
2728        self.any_handle.hash(state);
2729    }
2730}
2731
2732impl<V: 'static> From<WindowHandle<V>> for AnyWindowHandle {
2733    fn from(val: WindowHandle<V>) -> Self {
2734        val.any_handle
2735    }
2736}
2737
2738/// A handle to a window with any root view type, which can be downcast to a window with a specific root view type.
2739#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
2740pub struct AnyWindowHandle {
2741    pub(crate) id: WindowId,
2742    state_type: TypeId,
2743}
2744
2745impl AnyWindowHandle {
2746    /// Get the ID of this window.
2747    pub fn window_id(&self) -> WindowId {
2748        self.id
2749    }
2750
2751    /// Attempt to convert this handle to a window handle with a specific root view type.
2752    /// If the types do not match, this will return `None`.
2753    pub fn downcast<T: 'static>(&self) -> Option<WindowHandle<T>> {
2754        if TypeId::of::<T>() == self.state_type {
2755            Some(WindowHandle {
2756                any_handle: *self,
2757                state_type: PhantomData,
2758            })
2759        } else {
2760            None
2761        }
2762    }
2763
2764    /// Updates the state of the root view of this window.
2765    ///
2766    /// This will fail if the window has been closed.
2767    pub fn update<C, R>(
2768        self,
2769        cx: &mut C,
2770        update: impl FnOnce(AnyView, &mut WindowContext<'_>) -> R,
2771    ) -> Result<R>
2772    where
2773        C: Context,
2774    {
2775        cx.update_window(self, update)
2776    }
2777
2778    /// Read the state of the root view of this window.
2779    ///
2780    /// This will fail if the window has been closed.
2781    pub fn read<T, C, R>(self, cx: &C, read: impl FnOnce(View<T>, &AppContext) -> R) -> Result<R>
2782    where
2783        C: Context,
2784        T: 'static,
2785    {
2786        let view = self
2787            .downcast::<T>()
2788            .context("the type of the window's root view has changed")?;
2789
2790        cx.read_window(&view, read)
2791    }
2792}
2793
2794/// An identifier for an [`Element`](crate::Element).
2795///
2796/// Can be constructed with a string, a number, or both, as well
2797/// as other internal representations.
2798#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
2799pub enum ElementId {
2800    /// The ID of a View element
2801    View(EntityId),
2802    /// An integer ID.
2803    Integer(usize),
2804    /// A string based ID.
2805    Name(SharedString),
2806    /// An ID that's equated with a focus handle.
2807    FocusHandle(FocusId),
2808    /// A combination of a name and an integer.
2809    NamedInteger(SharedString, usize),
2810}
2811
2812impl Display for ElementId {
2813    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
2814        match self {
2815            ElementId::View(entity_id) => write!(f, "view-{}", entity_id)?,
2816            ElementId::Integer(ix) => write!(f, "{}", ix)?,
2817            ElementId::Name(name) => write!(f, "{}", name)?,
2818            ElementId::FocusHandle(_) => write!(f, "FocusHandle")?,
2819            ElementId::NamedInteger(s, i) => write!(f, "{}-{}", s, i)?,
2820        }
2821
2822        Ok(())
2823    }
2824}
2825
2826impl TryInto<SharedString> for ElementId {
2827    type Error = anyhow::Error;
2828
2829    fn try_into(self) -> anyhow::Result<SharedString> {
2830        if let ElementId::Name(name) = self {
2831            Ok(name)
2832        } else {
2833            Err(anyhow!("element id is not string"))
2834        }
2835    }
2836}
2837
2838impl From<usize> for ElementId {
2839    fn from(id: usize) -> Self {
2840        ElementId::Integer(id)
2841    }
2842}
2843
2844impl From<i32> for ElementId {
2845    fn from(id: i32) -> Self {
2846        Self::Integer(id as usize)
2847    }
2848}
2849
2850impl From<SharedString> for ElementId {
2851    fn from(name: SharedString) -> Self {
2852        ElementId::Name(name)
2853    }
2854}
2855
2856impl From<&'static str> for ElementId {
2857    fn from(name: &'static str) -> Self {
2858        ElementId::Name(name.into())
2859    }
2860}
2861
2862impl<'a> From<&'a FocusHandle> for ElementId {
2863    fn from(handle: &'a FocusHandle) -> Self {
2864        ElementId::FocusHandle(handle.id)
2865    }
2866}
2867
2868impl From<(&'static str, EntityId)> for ElementId {
2869    fn from((name, id): (&'static str, EntityId)) -> Self {
2870        ElementId::NamedInteger(name.into(), id.as_u64() as usize)
2871    }
2872}
2873
2874impl From<(&'static str, usize)> for ElementId {
2875    fn from((name, id): (&'static str, usize)) -> Self {
2876        ElementId::NamedInteger(name.into(), id)
2877    }
2878}
2879
2880impl From<(&'static str, u64)> for ElementId {
2881    fn from((name, id): (&'static str, u64)) -> Self {
2882        ElementId::NamedInteger(name.into(), id as usize)
2883    }
2884}
2885
2886/// A rectangle to be rendered in the window at the given position and size.
2887/// Passed as an argument [`ElementContext::paint_quad`].
2888#[derive(Clone)]
2889pub struct PaintQuad {
2890    /// The bounds of the quad within the window.
2891    pub bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
2892    /// The radii of the quad's corners.
2893    pub corner_radii: Corners<Pixels>,
2894    /// The background color of the quad.
2895    pub background: Hsla,
2896    /// The widths of the quad's borders.
2897    pub border_widths: Edges<Pixels>,
2898    /// The color of the quad's borders.
2899    pub border_color: Hsla,
2900}
2901
2902impl PaintQuad {
2903    /// Sets the corner radii of the quad.
2904    pub fn corner_radii(self, corner_radii: impl Into<Corners<Pixels>>) -> Self {
2905        PaintQuad {
2906            corner_radii: corner_radii.into(),
2907            ..self
2908        }
2909    }
2910
2911    /// Sets the border widths of the quad.
2912    pub fn border_widths(self, border_widths: impl Into<Edges<Pixels>>) -> Self {
2913        PaintQuad {
2914            border_widths: border_widths.into(),
2915            ..self
2916        }
2917    }
2918
2919    /// Sets the border color of the quad.
2920    pub fn border_color(self, border_color: impl Into<Hsla>) -> Self {
2921        PaintQuad {
2922            border_color: border_color.into(),
2923            ..self
2924        }
2925    }
2926
2927    /// Sets the background color of the quad.
2928    pub fn background(self, background: impl Into<Hsla>) -> Self {
2929        PaintQuad {
2930            background: background.into(),
2931            ..self
2932        }
2933    }
2934}
2935
2936/// Creates a quad with the given parameters.
2937pub fn quad(
2938    bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
2939    corner_radii: impl Into<Corners<Pixels>>,
2940    background: impl Into<Hsla>,
2941    border_widths: impl Into<Edges<Pixels>>,
2942    border_color: impl Into<Hsla>,
2943) -> PaintQuad {
2944    PaintQuad {
2945        bounds,
2946        corner_radii: corner_radii.into(),
2947        background: background.into(),
2948        border_widths: border_widths.into(),
2949        border_color: border_color.into(),
2950    }
2951}
2952
2953/// Creates a filled quad with the given bounds and background color.
2954pub fn fill(bounds: impl Into<Bounds<Pixels>>, background: impl Into<Hsla>) -> PaintQuad {
2955    PaintQuad {
2956        bounds: bounds.into(),
2957        corner_radii: (0.).into(),
2958        background: background.into(),
2959        border_widths: (0.).into(),
2960        border_color: transparent_black(),
2961    }
2962}
2963
2964/// Creates a rectangle outline with the given bounds, border color, and a 1px border width
2965pub fn outline(bounds: impl Into<Bounds<Pixels>>, border_color: impl Into<Hsla>) -> PaintQuad {
2966    PaintQuad {
2967        bounds: bounds.into(),
2968        corner_radii: (0.).into(),
2969        background: transparent_black(),
2970        border_widths: (1.).into(),
2971        border_color: border_color.into(),
2972    }
2973}