window.rs

   1use crate::{
   2    hash, point, prelude::*, px, size, transparent_black, Action, AnyDrag, AnyElement, AnyTooltip,
   3    AnyView, AppContext, Arena, Asset, AsyncWindowContext, AvailableSpace, Bounds, BoxShadow,
   4    Context, Corners, CursorStyle, DevicePixels, DispatchActionListener, DispatchNodeId,
   5    DispatchTree, DisplayId, Edges, Effect, Entity, EntityId, EventEmitter, FileDropEvent, Flatten,
   6    FontId, Global, GlobalElementId, GlyphId, Hsla, ImageData, InputHandler, IsZero, KeyBinding,
   7    KeyContext, KeyDownEvent, KeyEvent, KeyMatch, KeymatchResult, Keystroke, KeystrokeEvent,
   8    LayoutId, LineLayoutIndex, Model, ModelContext, Modifiers, ModifiersChangedEvent,
   9    MonochromeSprite, MouseButton, MouseEvent, MouseMoveEvent, MouseUpEvent, Path, Pixels,
  10    PlatformAtlas, PlatformDisplay, PlatformInput, PlatformInputHandler, PlatformWindow, Point,
  11    PolychromeSprite, PromptLevel, Quad, Render, RenderGlyphParams, RenderImageParams,
  12    RenderSvgParams, ScaledPixels, Scene, Shadow, SharedString, Size, StrikethroughStyle, Style,
  13    SubscriberSet, Subscription, TaffyLayoutEngine, Task, TextStyle, TextStyleRefinement,
  14    TransformationMatrix, Underline, UnderlineStyle, View, VisualContext, WeakView,
  15    WindowAppearance, WindowBackgroundAppearance, WindowBounds, WindowOptions, WindowParams,
  16    WindowTextSystem, SUBPIXEL_VARIANTS,
  17};
  18use anyhow::{anyhow, Context as _, Result};
  19use collections::{FxHashMap, FxHashSet};
  20use derive_more::{Deref, DerefMut};
  21use futures::channel::oneshot;
  22use futures::{future::Shared, FutureExt};
  23#[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
  24use media::core_video::CVImageBuffer;
  25use parking_lot::RwLock;
  26use refineable::Refineable;
  27use slotmap::SlotMap;
  28use smallvec::SmallVec;
  29use std::{
  30    any::{Any, TypeId},
  31    borrow::{Borrow, BorrowMut, Cow},
  32    cell::{Cell, RefCell},
  33    cmp,
  34    fmt::{Debug, Display},
  35    future::Future,
  36    hash::{Hash, Hasher},
  37    marker::PhantomData,
  38    mem,
  39    ops::Range,
  40    rc::Rc,
  41    sync::{
  42        atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering::SeqCst},
  43        Arc, Weak,
  44    },
  45    time::{Duration, Instant},
  46};
  47use util::post_inc;
  48use util::{measure, ResultExt};
  49
  50mod prompts;
  51
  52pub use prompts::*;
  53
  54pub(crate) const DEFAULT_WINDOW_SIZE: Size<DevicePixels> =
  55    size(DevicePixels(1024), DevicePixels(700));
  56
  57/// Represents the two different phases when dispatching events.
  58#[derive(Default, Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
  59pub enum DispatchPhase {
  60    /// After the capture phase comes the bubble phase, in which mouse event listeners are
  61    /// invoked front to back and keyboard event listeners are invoked from the focused element
  62    /// to the root of the element tree. This is the phase you'll most commonly want to use when
  63    /// registering event listeners.
  64    #[default]
  65    Bubble,
  66    /// During the initial capture phase, mouse event listeners are invoked back to front, and keyboard
  67    /// listeners are invoked from the root of the tree downward toward the focused element. This phase
  68    /// is used for special purposes such as clearing the "pressed" state for click events. If
  69    /// you stop event propagation during this phase, you need to know what you're doing. Handlers
  70    /// outside of the immediate region may rely on detecting non-local events during this phase.
  71    Capture,
  72}
  73
  74impl DispatchPhase {
  75    /// Returns true if this represents the "bubble" phase.
  76    pub fn bubble(self) -> bool {
  77        self == DispatchPhase::Bubble
  78    }
  79
  80    /// Returns true if this represents the "capture" phase.
  81    pub fn capture(self) -> bool {
  82        self == DispatchPhase::Capture
  83    }
  84}
  85
  86type AnyObserver = Box<dyn FnMut(&mut WindowContext) -> bool + 'static>;
  87
  88type AnyWindowFocusListener = Box<dyn FnMut(&FocusEvent, &mut WindowContext) -> bool + 'static>;
  89
  90struct FocusEvent {
  91    previous_focus_path: SmallVec<[FocusId; 8]>,
  92    current_focus_path: SmallVec<[FocusId; 8]>,
  93}
  94
  95slotmap::new_key_type! {
  96    /// A globally unique identifier for a focusable element.
  97    pub struct FocusId;
  98}
  99
 100thread_local! {
 101    /// 8MB wasn't quite enough...
 102    pub(crate) static ELEMENT_ARENA: RefCell<Arena> = RefCell::new(Arena::new(32 * 1024 * 1024));
 103}
 104
 105impl FocusId {
 106    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle is currently focused.
 107    pub fn is_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 108        cx.window.focus == Some(*self)
 109    }
 110
 111    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle contains the focused
 112    /// element or is itself focused.
 113    pub fn contains_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 114        cx.focused()
 115            .map_or(false, |focused| self.contains(focused.id, cx))
 116    }
 117
 118    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle is contained within the
 119    /// focused element or is itself focused.
 120    pub fn within_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 121        let focused = cx.focused();
 122        focused.map_or(false, |focused| focused.id.contains(*self, cx))
 123    }
 124
 125    /// Obtains whether this handle contains the given handle in the most recently rendered frame.
 126    pub(crate) fn contains(&self, other: Self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 127        cx.window
 128            .rendered_frame
 129            .dispatch_tree
 130            .focus_contains(*self, other)
 131    }
 132}
 133
 134/// A handle which can be used to track and manipulate the focused element in a window.
 135pub struct FocusHandle {
 136    pub(crate) id: FocusId,
 137    handles: Arc<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>,
 138}
 139
 140impl std::fmt::Debug for FocusHandle {
 141    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
 142        f.write_fmt(format_args!("FocusHandle({:?})", self.id))
 143    }
 144}
 145
 146impl FocusHandle {
 147    pub(crate) fn new(handles: &Arc<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>) -> Self {
 148        let id = handles.write().insert(AtomicUsize::new(1));
 149        Self {
 150            id,
 151            handles: handles.clone(),
 152        }
 153    }
 154
 155    pub(crate) fn for_id(
 156        id: FocusId,
 157        handles: &Arc<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>,
 158    ) -> Option<Self> {
 159        let lock = handles.read();
 160        let ref_count = lock.get(id)?;
 161        if ref_count.load(SeqCst) == 0 {
 162            None
 163        } else {
 164            ref_count.fetch_add(1, SeqCst);
 165            Some(Self {
 166                id,
 167                handles: handles.clone(),
 168            })
 169        }
 170    }
 171
 172    /// Converts this focus handle into a weak variant, which does not prevent it from being released.
 173    pub fn downgrade(&self) -> WeakFocusHandle {
 174        WeakFocusHandle {
 175            id: self.id,
 176            handles: Arc::downgrade(&self.handles),
 177        }
 178    }
 179
 180    /// Moves the focus to the element associated with this handle.
 181    pub fn focus(&self, cx: &mut WindowContext) {
 182        cx.focus(self)
 183    }
 184
 185    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle is currently focused.
 186    pub fn is_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 187        self.id.is_focused(cx)
 188    }
 189
 190    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle contains the focused
 191    /// element or is itself focused.
 192    pub fn contains_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 193        self.id.contains_focused(cx)
 194    }
 195
 196    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle is contained within the
 197    /// focused element or is itself focused.
 198    pub fn within_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 199        self.id.within_focused(cx)
 200    }
 201
 202    /// Obtains whether this handle contains the given handle in the most recently rendered frame.
 203    pub fn contains(&self, other: &Self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 204        self.id.contains(other.id, cx)
 205    }
 206
 207    /// Dispatch an action on the element that rendered this focus handle
 208    pub fn dispatch_action(&self, action: &dyn Action, cx: &mut WindowContext) {
 209        if let Some(node_id) = cx
 210            .window
 211            .rendered_frame
 212            .dispatch_tree
 213            .focusable_node_id(self.id)
 214        {
 215            cx.dispatch_action_on_node(node_id, action)
 216        }
 217    }
 218}
 219
 220impl Clone for FocusHandle {
 221    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
 222        Self::for_id(self.id, &self.handles).unwrap()
 223    }
 224}
 225
 226impl PartialEq for FocusHandle {
 227    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
 228        self.id == other.id
 229    }
 230}
 231
 232impl Eq for FocusHandle {}
 233
 234impl Drop for FocusHandle {
 235    fn drop(&mut self) {
 236        self.handles
 237            .read()
 238            .get(self.id)
 239            .unwrap()
 240            .fetch_sub(1, SeqCst);
 241    }
 242}
 243
 244/// A weak reference to a focus handle.
 245#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 246pub struct WeakFocusHandle {
 247    pub(crate) id: FocusId,
 248    handles: Weak<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>,
 249}
 250
 251impl WeakFocusHandle {
 252    /// Attempts to upgrade the [WeakFocusHandle] to a [FocusHandle].
 253    pub fn upgrade(&self) -> Option<FocusHandle> {
 254        let handles = self.handles.upgrade()?;
 255        FocusHandle::for_id(self.id, &handles)
 256    }
 257}
 258
 259impl PartialEq for WeakFocusHandle {
 260    fn eq(&self, other: &WeakFocusHandle) -> bool {
 261        self.id == other.id
 262    }
 263}
 264
 265impl Eq for WeakFocusHandle {}
 266
 267impl PartialEq<FocusHandle> for WeakFocusHandle {
 268    fn eq(&self, other: &FocusHandle) -> bool {
 269        self.id == other.id
 270    }
 271}
 272
 273impl PartialEq<WeakFocusHandle> for FocusHandle {
 274    fn eq(&self, other: &WeakFocusHandle) -> bool {
 275        self.id == other.id
 276    }
 277}
 278
 279/// FocusableView allows users of your view to easily
 280/// focus it (using cx.focus_view(view))
 281pub trait FocusableView: 'static + Render {
 282    /// Returns the focus handle associated with this view.
 283    fn focus_handle(&self, cx: &AppContext) -> FocusHandle;
 284}
 285
 286/// ManagedView is a view (like a Modal, Popover, Menu, etc.)
 287/// where the lifecycle of the view is handled by another view.
 288pub trait ManagedView: FocusableView + EventEmitter<DismissEvent> {}
 289
 290impl<M: FocusableView + EventEmitter<DismissEvent>> ManagedView for M {}
 291
 292/// Emitted by implementers of [`ManagedView`] to indicate the view should be dismissed, such as when a view is presented as a modal.
 293pub struct DismissEvent;
 294
 295type FrameCallback = Box<dyn FnOnce(&mut WindowContext)>;
 296
 297pub(crate) type AnyMouseListener =
 298    Box<dyn FnMut(&dyn Any, DispatchPhase, &mut WindowContext) + 'static>;
 299
 300#[derive(Clone)]
 301pub(crate) struct CursorStyleRequest {
 302    pub(crate) hitbox_id: HitboxId,
 303    pub(crate) style: CursorStyle,
 304}
 305
 306/// An identifier for a [Hitbox].
 307#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Default, Eq, PartialEq)]
 308pub struct HitboxId(usize);
 309
 310impl HitboxId {
 311    /// Checks if the hitbox with this id is currently hovered.
 312    pub fn is_hovered(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 313        cx.window.mouse_hit_test.0.contains(self)
 314    }
 315}
 316
 317/// A rectangular region that potentially blocks hitboxes inserted prior.
 318/// See [WindowContext::insert_hitbox] for more details.
 319#[derive(Clone, Debug, Deref)]
 320pub struct Hitbox {
 321    /// A unique identifier for the hitbox.
 322    pub id: HitboxId,
 323    /// The bounds of the hitbox.
 324    #[deref]
 325    pub bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
 326    /// The content mask when the hitbox was inserted.
 327    pub content_mask: ContentMask<Pixels>,
 328    /// Whether the hitbox occludes other hitboxes inserted prior.
 329    pub opaque: bool,
 330}
 331
 332impl Hitbox {
 333    /// Checks if the hitbox is currently hovered.
 334    pub fn is_hovered(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 335        self.id.is_hovered(cx)
 336    }
 337}
 338
 339#[derive(Default, Eq, PartialEq)]
 340pub(crate) struct HitTest(SmallVec<[HitboxId; 8]>);
 341
 342/// An identifier for a tooltip.
 343#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Default, Eq, PartialEq)]
 344pub struct TooltipId(usize);
 345
 346impl TooltipId {
 347    /// Checks if the tooltip is currently hovered.
 348    pub fn is_hovered(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 349        cx.window
 350            .tooltip_bounds
 351            .as_ref()
 352            .map_or(false, |tooltip_bounds| {
 353                tooltip_bounds.id == *self && tooltip_bounds.bounds.contains(&cx.mouse_position())
 354            })
 355    }
 356}
 357
 358pub(crate) struct TooltipBounds {
 359    id: TooltipId,
 360    bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
 361}
 362
 363#[derive(Clone)]
 364pub(crate) struct TooltipRequest {
 365    id: TooltipId,
 366    tooltip: AnyTooltip,
 367}
 368
 369pub(crate) struct DeferredDraw {
 370    priority: usize,
 371    parent_node: DispatchNodeId,
 372    element_id_stack: SmallVec<[ElementId; 32]>,
 373    text_style_stack: Vec<TextStyleRefinement>,
 374    element: Option<AnyElement>,
 375    absolute_offset: Point<Pixels>,
 376    prepaint_range: Range<PrepaintStateIndex>,
 377    paint_range: Range<PaintIndex>,
 378}
 379
 380pub(crate) struct Frame {
 381    pub(crate) focus: Option<FocusId>,
 382    pub(crate) window_active: bool,
 383    pub(crate) element_states: FxHashMap<(GlobalElementId, TypeId), ElementStateBox>,
 384    accessed_element_states: Vec<(GlobalElementId, TypeId)>,
 385    pub(crate) mouse_listeners: Vec<Option<AnyMouseListener>>,
 386    pub(crate) dispatch_tree: DispatchTree,
 387    pub(crate) scene: Scene,
 388    pub(crate) hitboxes: Vec<Hitbox>,
 389    pub(crate) deferred_draws: Vec<DeferredDraw>,
 390    pub(crate) input_handlers: Vec<Option<PlatformInputHandler>>,
 391    pub(crate) tooltip_requests: Vec<Option<TooltipRequest>>,
 392    pub(crate) cursor_styles: Vec<CursorStyleRequest>,
 393    #[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-support"))]
 394    pub(crate) debug_bounds: FxHashMap<String, Bounds<Pixels>>,
 395}
 396
 397#[derive(Clone, Default)]
 398pub(crate) struct PrepaintStateIndex {
 399    hitboxes_index: usize,
 400    tooltips_index: usize,
 401    deferred_draws_index: usize,
 402    dispatch_tree_index: usize,
 403    accessed_element_states_index: usize,
 404    line_layout_index: LineLayoutIndex,
 405}
 406
 407#[derive(Clone, Default)]
 408pub(crate) struct PaintIndex {
 409    scene_index: usize,
 410    mouse_listeners_index: usize,
 411    input_handlers_index: usize,
 412    cursor_styles_index: usize,
 413    accessed_element_states_index: usize,
 414    line_layout_index: LineLayoutIndex,
 415}
 416
 417impl Frame {
 418    pub(crate) fn new(dispatch_tree: DispatchTree) -> Self {
 419        Frame {
 420            focus: None,
 421            window_active: false,
 422            element_states: FxHashMap::default(),
 423            accessed_element_states: Vec::new(),
 424            mouse_listeners: Vec::new(),
 425            dispatch_tree,
 426            scene: Scene::default(),
 427            hitboxes: Vec::new(),
 428            deferred_draws: Vec::new(),
 429            input_handlers: Vec::new(),
 430            tooltip_requests: Vec::new(),
 431            cursor_styles: Vec::new(),
 432
 433            #[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-support"))]
 434            debug_bounds: FxHashMap::default(),
 435        }
 436    }
 437
 438    pub(crate) fn clear(&mut self) {
 439        self.element_states.clear();
 440        self.accessed_element_states.clear();
 441        self.mouse_listeners.clear();
 442        self.dispatch_tree.clear();
 443        self.scene.clear();
 444        self.input_handlers.clear();
 445        self.tooltip_requests.clear();
 446        self.cursor_styles.clear();
 447        self.hitboxes.clear();
 448        self.deferred_draws.clear();
 449    }
 450
 451    pub(crate) fn hit_test(&self, position: Point<Pixels>) -> HitTest {
 452        let mut hit_test = HitTest::default();
 453        for hitbox in self.hitboxes.iter().rev() {
 454            let bounds = hitbox.bounds.intersect(&hitbox.content_mask.bounds);
 455            if bounds.contains(&position) {
 456                hit_test.0.push(hitbox.id);
 457                if hitbox.opaque {
 458                    break;
 459                }
 460            }
 461        }
 462        hit_test
 463    }
 464
 465    pub(crate) fn focus_path(&self) -> SmallVec<[FocusId; 8]> {
 466        self.focus
 467            .map(|focus_id| self.dispatch_tree.focus_path(focus_id))
 468            .unwrap_or_default()
 469    }
 470
 471    pub(crate) fn finish(&mut self, prev_frame: &mut Self) {
 472        for element_state_key in &self.accessed_element_states {
 473            if let Some((element_state_key, element_state)) =
 474                prev_frame.element_states.remove_entry(element_state_key)
 475            {
 476                self.element_states.insert(element_state_key, element_state);
 477            }
 478        }
 479
 480        self.scene.finish();
 481    }
 482}
 483
 484// Holds the state for a specific window.
 485#[doc(hidden)]
 486pub struct Window {
 487    pub(crate) handle: AnyWindowHandle,
 488    pub(crate) removed: bool,
 489    pub(crate) platform_window: Box<dyn PlatformWindow>,
 490    display_id: DisplayId,
 491    sprite_atlas: Arc<dyn PlatformAtlas>,
 492    text_system: Arc<WindowTextSystem>,
 493    rem_size: Pixels,
 494    /// The stack of override values for the window's rem size.
 495    ///
 496    /// This is used by `with_rem_size` to allow rendering an element tree with
 497    /// a given rem size.
 498    rem_size_override_stack: SmallVec<[Pixels; 8]>,
 499    pub(crate) viewport_size: Size<Pixels>,
 500    layout_engine: Option<TaffyLayoutEngine>,
 501    pub(crate) root_view: Option<AnyView>,
 502    pub(crate) element_id_stack: SmallVec<[ElementId; 32]>,
 503    pub(crate) text_style_stack: Vec<TextStyleRefinement>,
 504    pub(crate) element_offset_stack: Vec<Point<Pixels>>,
 505    pub(crate) content_mask_stack: Vec<ContentMask<Pixels>>,
 506    pub(crate) requested_autoscroll: Option<Bounds<Pixels>>,
 507    pub(crate) rendered_frame: Frame,
 508    pub(crate) next_frame: Frame,
 509    pub(crate) next_hitbox_id: HitboxId,
 510    pub(crate) next_tooltip_id: TooltipId,
 511    pub(crate) tooltip_bounds: Option<TooltipBounds>,
 512    next_frame_callbacks: Rc<RefCell<Vec<FrameCallback>>>,
 513    pub(crate) dirty_views: FxHashSet<EntityId>,
 514    pub(crate) focus_handles: Arc<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>,
 515    focus_listeners: SubscriberSet<(), AnyWindowFocusListener>,
 516    focus_lost_listeners: SubscriberSet<(), AnyObserver>,
 517    default_prevented: bool,
 518    mouse_position: Point<Pixels>,
 519    mouse_hit_test: HitTest,
 520    modifiers: Modifiers,
 521    scale_factor: f32,
 522    bounds_observers: SubscriberSet<(), AnyObserver>,
 523    appearance: WindowAppearance,
 524    appearance_observers: SubscriberSet<(), AnyObserver>,
 525    active: Rc<Cell<bool>>,
 526    pub(crate) dirty: Rc<Cell<bool>>,
 527    pub(crate) needs_present: Rc<Cell<bool>>,
 528    pub(crate) last_input_timestamp: Rc<Cell<Instant>>,
 529    pub(crate) refreshing: bool,
 530    pub(crate) draw_phase: DrawPhase,
 531    activation_observers: SubscriberSet<(), AnyObserver>,
 532    pub(crate) focus: Option<FocusId>,
 533    focus_enabled: bool,
 534    pending_input: Option<PendingInput>,
 535    prompt: Option<RenderablePromptHandle>,
 536}
 537
 538#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
 539pub(crate) enum DrawPhase {
 540    None,
 541    Prepaint,
 542    Paint,
 543    Focus,
 544}
 545
 546#[derive(Default, Debug)]
 547struct PendingInput {
 548    keystrokes: SmallVec<[Keystroke; 1]>,
 549    bindings: SmallVec<[KeyBinding; 1]>,
 550    focus: Option<FocusId>,
 551    timer: Option<Task<()>>,
 552}
 553
 554impl PendingInput {
 555    fn input(&self) -> String {
 556        self.keystrokes
 557            .iter()
 558            .flat_map(|k| k.ime_key.clone())
 559            .collect::<Vec<String>>()
 560            .join("")
 561    }
 562
 563    fn used_by_binding(&self, binding: &KeyBinding) -> bool {
 564        if self.keystrokes.is_empty() {
 565            return true;
 566        }
 567        let keystroke = &self.keystrokes[0];
 568        for candidate in keystroke.match_candidates() {
 569            if binding.match_keystrokes(&[candidate]) == KeyMatch::Pending {
 570                return true;
 571            }
 572        }
 573        false
 574    }
 575}
 576
 577pub(crate) struct ElementStateBox {
 578    pub(crate) inner: Box<dyn Any>,
 579    #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
 580    pub(crate) type_name: &'static str,
 581}
 582
 583fn default_bounds(display_id: Option<DisplayId>, cx: &mut AppContext) -> Bounds<DevicePixels> {
 584    const DEFAULT_WINDOW_OFFSET: Point<DevicePixels> = point(DevicePixels(0), DevicePixels(35));
 585
 586    cx.active_window()
 587        .and_then(|w| w.update(cx, |_, cx| cx.bounds()).ok())
 588        .map(|bounds| bounds.map_origin(|origin| origin + DEFAULT_WINDOW_OFFSET))
 589        .unwrap_or_else(|| {
 590            let display = display_id
 591                .map(|id| cx.find_display(id))
 592                .unwrap_or_else(|| cx.primary_display());
 593
 594            display
 595                .map(|display| display.default_bounds())
 596                .unwrap_or_else(|| {
 597                    Bounds::new(point(DevicePixels(0), DevicePixels(0)), DEFAULT_WINDOW_SIZE)
 598                })
 599        })
 600}
 601
 602impl Window {
 603    pub(crate) fn new(
 604        handle: AnyWindowHandle,
 605        options: WindowOptions,
 606        cx: &mut AppContext,
 607    ) -> Self {
 608        let WindowOptions {
 609            window_bounds,
 610            titlebar,
 611            focus,
 612            show,
 613            kind,
 614            is_movable,
 615            display_id,
 616            window_background,
 617            app_id,
 618        } = options;
 619
 620        let bounds = window_bounds
 621            .map(|bounds| bounds.get_bounds())
 622            .unwrap_or_else(|| default_bounds(display_id, cx));
 623        let mut platform_window = cx.platform.open_window(
 624            handle,
 625            WindowParams {
 626                bounds,
 627                titlebar,
 628                kind,
 629                is_movable,
 630                focus,
 631                show,
 632                display_id,
 633                window_background,
 634            },
 635        );
 636        let display_id = platform_window.display().id();
 637        let sprite_atlas = platform_window.sprite_atlas();
 638        let mouse_position = platform_window.mouse_position();
 639        let modifiers = platform_window.modifiers();
 640        let content_size = platform_window.content_size();
 641        let scale_factor = platform_window.scale_factor();
 642        let appearance = platform_window.appearance();
 643        let text_system = Arc::new(WindowTextSystem::new(cx.text_system().clone()));
 644        let dirty = Rc::new(Cell::new(true));
 645        let active = Rc::new(Cell::new(platform_window.is_active()));
 646        let needs_present = Rc::new(Cell::new(false));
 647        let next_frame_callbacks: Rc<RefCell<Vec<FrameCallback>>> = Default::default();
 648        let last_input_timestamp = Rc::new(Cell::new(Instant::now()));
 649
 650        if let Some(ref window_open_state) = window_bounds {
 651            match window_open_state {
 652                WindowBounds::Fullscreen(_) => platform_window.toggle_fullscreen(),
 653                WindowBounds::Maximized(_) => platform_window.zoom(),
 654                WindowBounds::Windowed(_) => {}
 655            }
 656        }
 657
 658        platform_window.on_close(Box::new({
 659            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 660            move || {
 661                let _ = handle.update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.remove_window());
 662            }
 663        }));
 664        platform_window.on_request_frame(Box::new({
 665            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 666            let dirty = dirty.clone();
 667            let active = active.clone();
 668            let needs_present = needs_present.clone();
 669            let next_frame_callbacks = next_frame_callbacks.clone();
 670            let last_input_timestamp = last_input_timestamp.clone();
 671            move || {
 672                let next_frame_callbacks = next_frame_callbacks.take();
 673                if !next_frame_callbacks.is_empty() {
 674                    handle
 675                        .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| {
 676                            for callback in next_frame_callbacks {
 677                                callback(cx);
 678                            }
 679                        })
 680                        .log_err();
 681                }
 682
 683                // Keep presenting the current scene for 1 extra second since the
 684                // last input to prevent the display from underclocking the refresh rate.
 685                let needs_present = needs_present.get()
 686                    || (active.get()
 687                        && last_input_timestamp.get().elapsed() < Duration::from_secs(1));
 688
 689                if dirty.get() {
 690                    measure("frame duration", || {
 691                        handle
 692                            .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| {
 693                                cx.draw();
 694                                cx.present();
 695                            })
 696                            .log_err();
 697                    })
 698                } else if needs_present {
 699                    handle.update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.present()).log_err();
 700                }
 701
 702                handle
 703                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| {
 704                        cx.complete_frame();
 705                    })
 706                    .log_err();
 707            }
 708        }));
 709        platform_window.on_resize(Box::new({
 710            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 711            move |_, _| {
 712                handle
 713                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.bounds_changed())
 714                    .log_err();
 715            }
 716        }));
 717        platform_window.on_moved(Box::new({
 718            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 719            move || {
 720                handle
 721                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.bounds_changed())
 722                    .log_err();
 723            }
 724        }));
 725        platform_window.on_appearance_changed(Box::new({
 726            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 727            move || {
 728                handle
 729                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.appearance_changed())
 730                    .log_err();
 731            }
 732        }));
 733        platform_window.on_active_status_change(Box::new({
 734            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 735            move |active| {
 736                handle
 737                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| {
 738                        cx.window.active.set(active);
 739                        cx.window
 740                            .activation_observers
 741                            .clone()
 742                            .retain(&(), |callback| callback(cx));
 743                        cx.refresh();
 744                    })
 745                    .log_err();
 746            }
 747        }));
 748
 749        platform_window.on_input({
 750            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 751            Box::new(move |event| {
 752                handle
 753                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.dispatch_event(event))
 754                    .log_err()
 755                    .unwrap_or(DispatchEventResult::default())
 756            })
 757        });
 758
 759        if let Some(app_id) = app_id {
 760            platform_window.set_app_id(&app_id);
 761        }
 762
 763        Window {
 764            handle,
 765            removed: false,
 766            platform_window,
 767            display_id,
 768            sprite_atlas,
 769            text_system,
 770            rem_size: px(16.),
 771            rem_size_override_stack: SmallVec::new(),
 772            viewport_size: content_size,
 773            layout_engine: Some(TaffyLayoutEngine::new()),
 774            root_view: None,
 775            element_id_stack: SmallVec::default(),
 776            text_style_stack: Vec::new(),
 777            element_offset_stack: Vec::new(),
 778            content_mask_stack: Vec::new(),
 779            requested_autoscroll: None,
 780            rendered_frame: Frame::new(DispatchTree::new(cx.keymap.clone(), cx.actions.clone())),
 781            next_frame: Frame::new(DispatchTree::new(cx.keymap.clone(), cx.actions.clone())),
 782            next_frame_callbacks,
 783            next_hitbox_id: HitboxId::default(),
 784            next_tooltip_id: TooltipId::default(),
 785            tooltip_bounds: None,
 786            dirty_views: FxHashSet::default(),
 787            focus_handles: Arc::new(RwLock::new(SlotMap::with_key())),
 788            focus_listeners: SubscriberSet::new(),
 789            focus_lost_listeners: SubscriberSet::new(),
 790            default_prevented: true,
 791            mouse_position,
 792            mouse_hit_test: HitTest::default(),
 793            modifiers,
 794            scale_factor,
 795            bounds_observers: SubscriberSet::new(),
 796            appearance,
 797            appearance_observers: SubscriberSet::new(),
 798            active,
 799            dirty,
 800            needs_present,
 801            last_input_timestamp,
 802            refreshing: false,
 803            draw_phase: DrawPhase::None,
 804            activation_observers: SubscriberSet::new(),
 805            focus: None,
 806            focus_enabled: true,
 807            pending_input: None,
 808            prompt: None,
 809        }
 810    }
 811    fn new_focus_listener(
 812        &mut self,
 813        value: AnyWindowFocusListener,
 814    ) -> (Subscription, impl FnOnce()) {
 815        self.focus_listeners.insert((), value)
 816    }
 817}
 818
 819#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
 820pub(crate) struct DispatchEventResult {
 821    pub propagate: bool,
 822    pub default_prevented: bool,
 823}
 824
 825/// Indicates which region of the window is visible. Content falling outside of this mask will not be
 826/// rendered. Currently, only rectangular content masks are supported, but we give the mask its own type
 827/// to leave room to support more complex shapes in the future.
 828#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
 829#[repr(C)]
 830pub struct ContentMask<P: Clone + Default + Debug> {
 831    /// The bounds
 832    pub bounds: Bounds<P>,
 833}
 834
 835impl ContentMask<Pixels> {
 836    /// Scale the content mask's pixel units by the given scaling factor.
 837    pub fn scale(&self, factor: f32) -> ContentMask<ScaledPixels> {
 838        ContentMask {
 839            bounds: self.bounds.scale(factor),
 840        }
 841    }
 842
 843    /// Intersect the content mask with the given content mask.
 844    pub fn intersect(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
 845        let bounds = self.bounds.intersect(&other.bounds);
 846        ContentMask { bounds }
 847    }
 848}
 849
 850/// Provides access to application state in the context of a single window. Derefs
 851/// to an [`AppContext`], so you can also pass a [`WindowContext`] to any method that takes
 852/// an [`AppContext`] and call any [`AppContext`] methods.
 853pub struct WindowContext<'a> {
 854    pub(crate) app: &'a mut AppContext,
 855    pub(crate) window: &'a mut Window,
 856}
 857
 858impl<'a> WindowContext<'a> {
 859    pub(crate) fn new(app: &'a mut AppContext, window: &'a mut Window) -> Self {
 860        Self { app, window }
 861    }
 862
 863    /// Obtain a handle to the window that belongs to this context.
 864    pub fn window_handle(&self) -> AnyWindowHandle {
 865        self.window.handle
 866    }
 867
 868    /// Mark the window as dirty, scheduling it to be redrawn on the next frame.
 869    pub fn refresh(&mut self) {
 870        if self.window.draw_phase == DrawPhase::None {
 871            self.window.refreshing = true;
 872            self.window.dirty.set(true);
 873        }
 874    }
 875
 876    /// Indicate that this view has changed, which will invoke any observers and also mark the window as dirty.
 877    /// If this view or any of its ancestors are *cached*, notifying it will cause it or its ancestors to be redrawn.
 878    pub fn notify(&mut self, view_id: EntityId) {
 879        for view_id in self
 880            .window
 881            .rendered_frame
 882            .dispatch_tree
 883            .view_path(view_id)
 884            .into_iter()
 885            .rev()
 886        {
 887            if !self.window.dirty_views.insert(view_id) {
 888                break;
 889            }
 890        }
 891
 892        if self.window.draw_phase == DrawPhase::None {
 893            self.window.dirty.set(true);
 894            self.app.push_effect(Effect::Notify { emitter: view_id });
 895        }
 896    }
 897
 898    /// Close this window.
 899    pub fn remove_window(&mut self) {
 900        self.window.removed = true;
 901    }
 902
 903    /// Obtain a new [`FocusHandle`], which allows you to track and manipulate the keyboard focus
 904    /// for elements rendered within this window.
 905    pub fn focus_handle(&mut self) -> FocusHandle {
 906        FocusHandle::new(&self.window.focus_handles)
 907    }
 908
 909    /// Obtain the currently focused [`FocusHandle`]. If no elements are focused, returns `None`.
 910    pub fn focused(&self) -> Option<FocusHandle> {
 911        self.window
 912            .focus
 913            .and_then(|id| FocusHandle::for_id(id, &self.window.focus_handles))
 914    }
 915
 916    /// Move focus to the element associated with the given [`FocusHandle`].
 917    pub fn focus(&mut self, handle: &FocusHandle) {
 918        if !self.window.focus_enabled || self.window.focus == Some(handle.id) {
 919            return;
 920        }
 921
 922        self.window.focus = Some(handle.id);
 923        self.window
 924            .rendered_frame
 925            .dispatch_tree
 926            .clear_pending_keystrokes();
 927        self.refresh();
 928    }
 929
 930    /// Remove focus from all elements within this context's window.
 931    pub fn blur(&mut self) {
 932        if !self.window.focus_enabled {
 933            return;
 934        }
 935
 936        self.window.focus = None;
 937        self.refresh();
 938    }
 939
 940    /// Blur the window and don't allow anything in it to be focused again.
 941    pub fn disable_focus(&mut self) {
 942        self.blur();
 943        self.window.focus_enabled = false;
 944    }
 945
 946    /// Accessor for the text system.
 947    pub fn text_system(&self) -> &Arc<WindowTextSystem> {
 948        &self.window.text_system
 949    }
 950
 951    /// The current text style. Which is composed of all the style refinements provided to `with_text_style`.
 952    pub fn text_style(&self) -> TextStyle {
 953        let mut style = TextStyle::default();
 954        for refinement in &self.window.text_style_stack {
 955            style.refine(refinement);
 956        }
 957        style
 958    }
 959
 960    /// Check if the platform window is maximized
 961    /// On some platforms (namely Windows) this is different than the bounds being the size of the display
 962    pub fn is_maximized(&self) -> bool {
 963        self.window.platform_window.is_maximized()
 964    }
 965
 966    /// Return the `WindowBounds` to indicate that how a window should be opened
 967    /// after it has been closed
 968    pub fn window_bounds(&self) -> WindowBounds {
 969        self.window.platform_window.window_bounds()
 970    }
 971
 972    /// Dispatch the given action on the currently focused element.
 973    pub fn dispatch_action(&mut self, action: Box<dyn Action>) {
 974        let focus_handle = self.focused();
 975
 976        let window = self.window.handle;
 977        self.app.defer(move |cx| {
 978            window
 979                .update(cx, |_, cx| {
 980                    let node_id = focus_handle
 981                        .and_then(|handle| {
 982                            cx.window
 983                                .rendered_frame
 984                                .dispatch_tree
 985                                .focusable_node_id(handle.id)
 986                        })
 987                        .unwrap_or_else(|| cx.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
 988
 989                    cx.dispatch_action_on_node(node_id, action.as_ref());
 990                })
 991                .log_err();
 992        })
 993    }
 994
 995    pub(crate) fn dispatch_keystroke_observers(
 996        &mut self,
 997        event: &dyn Any,
 998        action: Option<Box<dyn Action>>,
 999    ) {
1000        let Some(key_down_event) = event.downcast_ref::<KeyDownEvent>() else {
1001            return;
1002        };
1003
1004        self.keystroke_observers
1005            .clone()
1006            .retain(&(), move |callback| {
1007                (callback)(
1008                    &KeystrokeEvent {
1009                        keystroke: key_down_event.keystroke.clone(),
1010                        action: action.as_ref().map(|action| action.boxed_clone()),
1011                    },
1012                    self,
1013                );
1014                true
1015            });
1016    }
1017
1018    pub(crate) fn clear_pending_keystrokes(&mut self) {
1019        self.window
1020            .rendered_frame
1021            .dispatch_tree
1022            .clear_pending_keystrokes();
1023        self.window
1024            .next_frame
1025            .dispatch_tree
1026            .clear_pending_keystrokes();
1027    }
1028
1029    /// Schedules the given function to be run at the end of the current effect cycle, allowing entities
1030    /// that are currently on the stack to be returned to the app.
1031    pub fn defer(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut WindowContext) + 'static) {
1032        let handle = self.window.handle;
1033        self.app.defer(move |cx| {
1034            handle.update(cx, |_, cx| f(cx)).ok();
1035        });
1036    }
1037
1038    /// Subscribe to events emitted by a model or view.
1039    /// The entity to which you're subscribing must implement the [`EventEmitter`] trait.
1040    /// The callback will be invoked a handle to the emitting entity (either a [`View`] or [`Model`]), the event, and a window context for the current window.
1041    pub fn subscribe<Emitter, E, Evt>(
1042        &mut self,
1043        entity: &E,
1044        mut on_event: impl FnMut(E, &Evt, &mut WindowContext<'_>) + 'static,
1045    ) -> Subscription
1046    where
1047        Emitter: EventEmitter<Evt>,
1048        E: Entity<Emitter>,
1049        Evt: 'static,
1050    {
1051        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
1052        let entity = entity.downgrade();
1053        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
1054        self.app.new_subscription(
1055            entity_id,
1056            (
1057                TypeId::of::<Evt>(),
1058                Box::new(move |event, cx| {
1059                    window_handle
1060                        .update(cx, |_, cx| {
1061                            if let Some(handle) = E::upgrade_from(&entity) {
1062                                let event = event.downcast_ref().expect("invalid event type");
1063                                on_event(handle, event, cx);
1064                                true
1065                            } else {
1066                                false
1067                            }
1068                        })
1069                        .unwrap_or(false)
1070                }),
1071            ),
1072        )
1073    }
1074
1075    /// Creates an [`AsyncWindowContext`], which has a static lifetime and can be held across
1076    /// await points in async code.
1077    pub fn to_async(&self) -> AsyncWindowContext {
1078        AsyncWindowContext::new(self.app.to_async(), self.window.handle)
1079    }
1080
1081    /// Schedule the given closure to be run directly after the current frame is rendered.
1082    pub fn on_next_frame(&mut self, callback: impl FnOnce(&mut WindowContext) + 'static) {
1083        RefCell::borrow_mut(&self.window.next_frame_callbacks).push(Box::new(callback));
1084    }
1085
1086    /// Spawn the future returned by the given closure on the application thread pool.
1087    /// The closure is provided a handle to the current window and an `AsyncWindowContext` for
1088    /// use within your future.
1089    pub fn spawn<Fut, R>(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(AsyncWindowContext) -> Fut) -> Task<R>
1090    where
1091        R: 'static,
1092        Fut: Future<Output = R> + 'static,
1093    {
1094        self.app
1095            .spawn(|app| f(AsyncWindowContext::new(app, self.window.handle)))
1096    }
1097
1098    fn bounds_changed(&mut self) {
1099        self.window.scale_factor = self.window.platform_window.scale_factor();
1100        self.window.viewport_size = self.window.platform_window.content_size();
1101        self.window.display_id = self.window.platform_window.display().id();
1102        self.refresh();
1103
1104        self.window
1105            .bounds_observers
1106            .clone()
1107            .retain(&(), |callback| callback(self));
1108    }
1109
1110    /// Returns the bounds of the current window in the global coordinate space, which could span across multiple displays.
1111    pub fn bounds(&self) -> Bounds<DevicePixels> {
1112        self.window.platform_window.bounds()
1113    }
1114
1115    /// Returns whether or not the window is currently fullscreen
1116    pub fn is_fullscreen(&self) -> bool {
1117        self.window.platform_window.is_fullscreen()
1118    }
1119
1120    fn appearance_changed(&mut self) {
1121        self.window.appearance = self.window.platform_window.appearance();
1122
1123        self.window
1124            .appearance_observers
1125            .clone()
1126            .retain(&(), |callback| callback(self));
1127    }
1128
1129    /// Returns the appearance of the current window.
1130    pub fn appearance(&self) -> WindowAppearance {
1131        self.window.appearance
1132    }
1133
1134    /// Returns the size of the drawable area within the window.
1135    pub fn viewport_size(&self) -> Size<Pixels> {
1136        self.window.viewport_size
1137    }
1138
1139    /// Returns whether this window is focused by the operating system (receiving key events).
1140    pub fn is_window_active(&self) -> bool {
1141        self.window.active.get()
1142    }
1143
1144    /// Toggle zoom on the window.
1145    pub fn zoom_window(&self) {
1146        self.window.platform_window.zoom();
1147    }
1148
1149    /// Opens the native title bar context menu, useful when implementing client side decorations (Wayland only)
1150    pub fn show_window_menu(&self, position: Point<Pixels>) {
1151        self.window.platform_window.show_window_menu(position)
1152    }
1153
1154    /// Tells the compositor to take control of window movement (Wayland only)
1155    ///
1156    /// Events may not be received during a move operation.
1157    pub fn start_system_move(&self) {
1158        self.window.platform_window.start_system_move()
1159    }
1160
1161    /// Returns whether the title bar window controls need to be rendered by the application (Wayland and X11)
1162    pub fn should_render_window_controls(&self) -> bool {
1163        self.window.platform_window.should_render_window_controls()
1164    }
1165
1166    /// Updates the window's title at the platform level.
1167    pub fn set_window_title(&mut self, title: &str) {
1168        self.window.platform_window.set_title(title);
1169    }
1170
1171    /// Sets the application identifier.
1172    pub fn set_app_id(&mut self, app_id: &str) {
1173        self.window.platform_window.set_app_id(app_id);
1174    }
1175
1176    /// Sets the window background appearance.
1177    pub fn set_background_appearance(&mut self, background_appearance: WindowBackgroundAppearance) {
1178        self.window
1179            .platform_window
1180            .set_background_appearance(background_appearance);
1181    }
1182
1183    /// Mark the window as dirty at the platform level.
1184    pub fn set_window_edited(&mut self, edited: bool) {
1185        self.window.platform_window.set_edited(edited);
1186    }
1187
1188    /// Determine the display on which the window is visible.
1189    pub fn display(&self) -> Option<Rc<dyn PlatformDisplay>> {
1190        self.platform
1191            .displays()
1192            .into_iter()
1193            .find(|display| display.id() == self.window.display_id)
1194    }
1195
1196    /// Show the platform character palette.
1197    pub fn show_character_palette(&self) {
1198        self.window.platform_window.show_character_palette();
1199    }
1200
1201    /// The scale factor of the display associated with the window. For example, it could
1202    /// return 2.0 for a "retina" display, indicating that each logical pixel should actually
1203    /// be rendered as two pixels on screen.
1204    pub fn scale_factor(&self) -> f32 {
1205        self.window.scale_factor
1206    }
1207
1208    /// The size of an em for the base font of the application. Adjusting this value allows the
1209    /// UI to scale, just like zooming a web page.
1210    pub fn rem_size(&self) -> Pixels {
1211        self.window
1212            .rem_size_override_stack
1213            .last()
1214            .copied()
1215            .unwrap_or(self.window.rem_size)
1216    }
1217
1218    /// Sets the size of an em for the base font of the application. Adjusting this value allows the
1219    /// UI to scale, just like zooming a web page.
1220    pub fn set_rem_size(&mut self, rem_size: impl Into<Pixels>) {
1221        self.window.rem_size = rem_size.into();
1222    }
1223
1224    /// Executes the provided function with the specified rem size.
1225    ///
1226    /// This method must only be called as part of element drawing.
1227    pub fn with_rem_size<F, R>(&mut self, rem_size: Option<impl Into<Pixels>>, f: F) -> R
1228    where
1229        F: FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1230    {
1231        debug_assert!(
1232            matches!(
1233                self.window.draw_phase,
1234                DrawPhase::Prepaint | DrawPhase::Paint
1235            ),
1236            "this method can only be called during request_layout, prepaint, or paint"
1237        );
1238
1239        if let Some(rem_size) = rem_size {
1240            self.window.rem_size_override_stack.push(rem_size.into());
1241            let result = f(self);
1242            self.window.rem_size_override_stack.pop();
1243            result
1244        } else {
1245            f(self)
1246        }
1247    }
1248
1249    /// The line height associated with the current text style.
1250    pub fn line_height(&self) -> Pixels {
1251        let rem_size = self.rem_size();
1252        let text_style = self.text_style();
1253        text_style
1254            .line_height
1255            .to_pixels(text_style.font_size, rem_size)
1256    }
1257
1258    /// Call to prevent the default action of an event. Currently only used to prevent
1259    /// parent elements from becoming focused on mouse down.
1260    pub fn prevent_default(&mut self) {
1261        self.window.default_prevented = true;
1262    }
1263
1264    /// Obtain whether default has been prevented for the event currently being dispatched.
1265    pub fn default_prevented(&self) -> bool {
1266        self.window.default_prevented
1267    }
1268
1269    /// Determine whether the given action is available along the dispatch path to the currently focused element.
1270    pub fn is_action_available(&self, action: &dyn Action) -> bool {
1271        let target = self
1272            .focused()
1273            .and_then(|focused_handle| {
1274                self.window
1275                    .rendered_frame
1276                    .dispatch_tree
1277                    .focusable_node_id(focused_handle.id)
1278            })
1279            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
1280        self.window
1281            .rendered_frame
1282            .dispatch_tree
1283            .is_action_available(action, target)
1284    }
1285
1286    /// The position of the mouse relative to the window.
1287    pub fn mouse_position(&self) -> Point<Pixels> {
1288        self.window.mouse_position
1289    }
1290
1291    /// The current state of the keyboard's modifiers
1292    pub fn modifiers(&self) -> Modifiers {
1293        self.window.modifiers
1294    }
1295
1296    fn complete_frame(&self) {
1297        self.window.platform_window.completed_frame();
1298    }
1299
1300    /// Produces a new frame and assigns it to `rendered_frame`. To actually show
1301    /// the contents of the new [Scene], use [present].
1302    #[profiling::function]
1303    pub fn draw(&mut self) {
1304        self.window.dirty.set(false);
1305        self.window.requested_autoscroll = None;
1306
1307        // Restore the previously-used input handler.
1308        if let Some(input_handler) = self.window.platform_window.take_input_handler() {
1309            self.window
1310                .rendered_frame
1311                .input_handlers
1312                .push(Some(input_handler));
1313        }
1314
1315        self.draw_roots();
1316        self.window.dirty_views.clear();
1317
1318        self.window
1319            .next_frame
1320            .dispatch_tree
1321            .preserve_pending_keystrokes(
1322                &mut self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree,
1323                self.window.focus,
1324            );
1325        self.window.next_frame.focus = self.window.focus;
1326        self.window.next_frame.window_active = self.window.active.get();
1327
1328        // Register requested input handler with the platform window.
1329        if let Some(input_handler) = self.window.next_frame.input_handlers.pop() {
1330            self.window
1331                .platform_window
1332                .set_input_handler(input_handler.unwrap());
1333        }
1334
1335        self.window.layout_engine.as_mut().unwrap().clear();
1336        self.text_system().finish_frame();
1337        self.window
1338            .next_frame
1339            .finish(&mut self.window.rendered_frame);
1340        ELEMENT_ARENA.with_borrow_mut(|element_arena| {
1341            let percentage = (element_arena.len() as f32 / element_arena.capacity() as f32) * 100.;
1342            if percentage >= 80. {
1343                log::warn!("elevated element arena occupation: {}.", percentage);
1344            }
1345            element_arena.clear();
1346        });
1347
1348        self.window.draw_phase = DrawPhase::Focus;
1349        let previous_focus_path = self.window.rendered_frame.focus_path();
1350        let previous_window_active = self.window.rendered_frame.window_active;
1351        mem::swap(&mut self.window.rendered_frame, &mut self.window.next_frame);
1352        self.window.next_frame.clear();
1353        let current_focus_path = self.window.rendered_frame.focus_path();
1354        let current_window_active = self.window.rendered_frame.window_active;
1355
1356        if previous_focus_path != current_focus_path
1357            || previous_window_active != current_window_active
1358        {
1359            if !previous_focus_path.is_empty() && current_focus_path.is_empty() {
1360                self.window
1361                    .focus_lost_listeners
1362                    .clone()
1363                    .retain(&(), |listener| listener(self));
1364            }
1365
1366            let event = FocusEvent {
1367                previous_focus_path: if previous_window_active {
1368                    previous_focus_path
1369                } else {
1370                    Default::default()
1371                },
1372                current_focus_path: if current_window_active {
1373                    current_focus_path
1374                } else {
1375                    Default::default()
1376                },
1377            };
1378            self.window
1379                .focus_listeners
1380                .clone()
1381                .retain(&(), |listener| listener(&event, self));
1382        }
1383
1384        self.reset_cursor_style();
1385        self.window.refreshing = false;
1386        self.window.draw_phase = DrawPhase::None;
1387        self.window.needs_present.set(true);
1388    }
1389
1390    #[profiling::function]
1391    fn present(&self) {
1392        self.window
1393            .platform_window
1394            .draw(&self.window.rendered_frame.scene);
1395        self.window.needs_present.set(false);
1396        profiling::finish_frame!();
1397    }
1398
1399    fn draw_roots(&mut self) {
1400        self.window.draw_phase = DrawPhase::Prepaint;
1401        self.window.tooltip_bounds.take();
1402
1403        // Layout all root elements.
1404        let mut root_element = self.window.root_view.as_ref().unwrap().clone().into_any();
1405        root_element.prepaint_as_root(Point::default(), self.window.viewport_size.into(), self);
1406
1407        let mut sorted_deferred_draws =
1408            (0..self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws.len()).collect::<SmallVec<[_; 8]>>();
1409        sorted_deferred_draws.sort_by_key(|ix| self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws[*ix].priority);
1410        self.prepaint_deferred_draws(&sorted_deferred_draws);
1411
1412        let mut prompt_element = None;
1413        let mut active_drag_element = None;
1414        let mut tooltip_element = None;
1415        if let Some(prompt) = self.window.prompt.take() {
1416            let mut element = prompt.view.any_view().into_any();
1417            element.prepaint_as_root(Point::default(), self.window.viewport_size.into(), self);
1418            prompt_element = Some(element);
1419            self.window.prompt = Some(prompt);
1420        } else if let Some(active_drag) = self.app.active_drag.take() {
1421            let mut element = active_drag.view.clone().into_any();
1422            let offset = self.mouse_position() - active_drag.cursor_offset;
1423            element.prepaint_as_root(offset, AvailableSpace::min_size(), self);
1424            active_drag_element = Some(element);
1425            self.app.active_drag = Some(active_drag);
1426        } else {
1427            tooltip_element = self.prepaint_tooltip();
1428        }
1429
1430        self.window.mouse_hit_test = self.window.next_frame.hit_test(self.window.mouse_position);
1431
1432        // Now actually paint the elements.
1433        self.window.draw_phase = DrawPhase::Paint;
1434        root_element.paint(self);
1435
1436        self.paint_deferred_draws(&sorted_deferred_draws);
1437
1438        if let Some(mut prompt_element) = prompt_element {
1439            prompt_element.paint(self)
1440        } else if let Some(mut drag_element) = active_drag_element {
1441            drag_element.paint(self);
1442        } else if let Some(mut tooltip_element) = tooltip_element {
1443            tooltip_element.paint(self);
1444        }
1445    }
1446
1447    fn prepaint_tooltip(&mut self) -> Option<AnyElement> {
1448        let tooltip_request = self.window.next_frame.tooltip_requests.last().cloned()?;
1449        let tooltip_request = tooltip_request.unwrap();
1450        let mut element = tooltip_request.tooltip.view.clone().into_any();
1451        let mouse_position = tooltip_request.tooltip.mouse_position;
1452        let tooltip_size = element.layout_as_root(AvailableSpace::min_size(), self);
1453
1454        let mut tooltip_bounds = Bounds::new(mouse_position + point(px(1.), px(1.)), tooltip_size);
1455        let window_bounds = Bounds {
1456            origin: Point::default(),
1457            size: self.viewport_size(),
1458        };
1459
1460        if tooltip_bounds.right() > window_bounds.right() {
1461            let new_x = mouse_position.x - tooltip_bounds.size.width - px(1.);
1462            if new_x >= Pixels::ZERO {
1463                tooltip_bounds.origin.x = new_x;
1464            } else {
1465                tooltip_bounds.origin.x = cmp::max(
1466                    Pixels::ZERO,
1467                    tooltip_bounds.origin.x - tooltip_bounds.right() - window_bounds.right(),
1468                );
1469            }
1470        }
1471
1472        if tooltip_bounds.bottom() > window_bounds.bottom() {
1473            let new_y = mouse_position.y - tooltip_bounds.size.height - px(1.);
1474            if new_y >= Pixels::ZERO {
1475                tooltip_bounds.origin.y = new_y;
1476            } else {
1477                tooltip_bounds.origin.y = cmp::max(
1478                    Pixels::ZERO,
1479                    tooltip_bounds.origin.y - tooltip_bounds.bottom() - window_bounds.bottom(),
1480                );
1481            }
1482        }
1483
1484        self.with_absolute_element_offset(tooltip_bounds.origin, |cx| element.prepaint(cx));
1485
1486        self.window.tooltip_bounds = Some(TooltipBounds {
1487            id: tooltip_request.id,
1488            bounds: tooltip_bounds,
1489        });
1490        Some(element)
1491    }
1492
1493    fn prepaint_deferred_draws(&mut self, deferred_draw_indices: &[usize]) {
1494        assert_eq!(self.window.element_id_stack.len(), 0);
1495
1496        let mut deferred_draws = mem::take(&mut self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws);
1497        for deferred_draw_ix in deferred_draw_indices {
1498            let deferred_draw = &mut deferred_draws[*deferred_draw_ix];
1499            self.window
1500                .element_id_stack
1501                .clone_from(&deferred_draw.element_id_stack);
1502            self.window
1503                .text_style_stack
1504                .clone_from(&deferred_draw.text_style_stack);
1505            self.window
1506                .next_frame
1507                .dispatch_tree
1508                .set_active_node(deferred_draw.parent_node);
1509
1510            let prepaint_start = self.prepaint_index();
1511            if let Some(element) = deferred_draw.element.as_mut() {
1512                self.with_absolute_element_offset(deferred_draw.absolute_offset, |cx| {
1513                    element.prepaint(cx)
1514                });
1515            } else {
1516                self.reuse_prepaint(deferred_draw.prepaint_range.clone());
1517            }
1518            let prepaint_end = self.prepaint_index();
1519            deferred_draw.prepaint_range = prepaint_start..prepaint_end;
1520        }
1521        assert_eq!(
1522            self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws.len(),
1523            0,
1524            "cannot call defer_draw during deferred drawing"
1525        );
1526        self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws = deferred_draws;
1527        self.window.element_id_stack.clear();
1528        self.window.text_style_stack.clear();
1529    }
1530
1531    fn paint_deferred_draws(&mut self, deferred_draw_indices: &[usize]) {
1532        assert_eq!(self.window.element_id_stack.len(), 0);
1533
1534        let mut deferred_draws = mem::take(&mut self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws);
1535        for deferred_draw_ix in deferred_draw_indices {
1536            let mut deferred_draw = &mut deferred_draws[*deferred_draw_ix];
1537            self.window
1538                .element_id_stack
1539                .clone_from(&deferred_draw.element_id_stack);
1540            self.window
1541                .next_frame
1542                .dispatch_tree
1543                .set_active_node(deferred_draw.parent_node);
1544
1545            let paint_start = self.paint_index();
1546            if let Some(element) = deferred_draw.element.as_mut() {
1547                element.paint(self);
1548            } else {
1549                self.reuse_paint(deferred_draw.paint_range.clone());
1550            }
1551            let paint_end = self.paint_index();
1552            deferred_draw.paint_range = paint_start..paint_end;
1553        }
1554        self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws = deferred_draws;
1555        self.window.element_id_stack.clear();
1556    }
1557
1558    pub(crate) fn prepaint_index(&self) -> PrepaintStateIndex {
1559        PrepaintStateIndex {
1560            hitboxes_index: self.window.next_frame.hitboxes.len(),
1561            tooltips_index: self.window.next_frame.tooltip_requests.len(),
1562            deferred_draws_index: self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws.len(),
1563            dispatch_tree_index: self.window.next_frame.dispatch_tree.len(),
1564            accessed_element_states_index: self.window.next_frame.accessed_element_states.len(),
1565            line_layout_index: self.window.text_system.layout_index(),
1566        }
1567    }
1568
1569    pub(crate) fn reuse_prepaint(&mut self, range: Range<PrepaintStateIndex>) {
1570        let window = &mut self.window;
1571        window.next_frame.hitboxes.extend(
1572            window.rendered_frame.hitboxes[range.start.hitboxes_index..range.end.hitboxes_index]
1573                .iter()
1574                .cloned(),
1575        );
1576        window.next_frame.tooltip_requests.extend(
1577            window.rendered_frame.tooltip_requests
1578                [range.start.tooltips_index..range.end.tooltips_index]
1579                .iter_mut()
1580                .map(|request| request.take()),
1581        );
1582        window.next_frame.accessed_element_states.extend(
1583            window.rendered_frame.accessed_element_states[range.start.accessed_element_states_index
1584                ..range.end.accessed_element_states_index]
1585                .iter()
1586                .map(|(id, type_id)| (GlobalElementId(id.0.clone()), *type_id)),
1587        );
1588        window
1589            .text_system
1590            .reuse_layouts(range.start.line_layout_index..range.end.line_layout_index);
1591
1592        let reused_subtree = window.next_frame.dispatch_tree.reuse_subtree(
1593            range.start.dispatch_tree_index..range.end.dispatch_tree_index,
1594            &mut window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree,
1595        );
1596        window.next_frame.deferred_draws.extend(
1597            window.rendered_frame.deferred_draws
1598                [range.start.deferred_draws_index..range.end.deferred_draws_index]
1599                .iter()
1600                .map(|deferred_draw| DeferredDraw {
1601                    parent_node: reused_subtree.refresh_node_id(deferred_draw.parent_node),
1602                    element_id_stack: deferred_draw.element_id_stack.clone(),
1603                    text_style_stack: deferred_draw.text_style_stack.clone(),
1604                    priority: deferred_draw.priority,
1605                    element: None,
1606                    absolute_offset: deferred_draw.absolute_offset,
1607                    prepaint_range: deferred_draw.prepaint_range.clone(),
1608                    paint_range: deferred_draw.paint_range.clone(),
1609                }),
1610        );
1611    }
1612
1613    pub(crate) fn paint_index(&self) -> PaintIndex {
1614        PaintIndex {
1615            scene_index: self.window.next_frame.scene.len(),
1616            mouse_listeners_index: self.window.next_frame.mouse_listeners.len(),
1617            input_handlers_index: self.window.next_frame.input_handlers.len(),
1618            cursor_styles_index: self.window.next_frame.cursor_styles.len(),
1619            accessed_element_states_index: self.window.next_frame.accessed_element_states.len(),
1620            line_layout_index: self.window.text_system.layout_index(),
1621        }
1622    }
1623
1624    pub(crate) fn reuse_paint(&mut self, range: Range<PaintIndex>) {
1625        let window = &mut self.window;
1626
1627        window.next_frame.cursor_styles.extend(
1628            window.rendered_frame.cursor_styles
1629                [range.start.cursor_styles_index..range.end.cursor_styles_index]
1630                .iter()
1631                .cloned(),
1632        );
1633        window.next_frame.input_handlers.extend(
1634            window.rendered_frame.input_handlers
1635                [range.start.input_handlers_index..range.end.input_handlers_index]
1636                .iter_mut()
1637                .map(|handler| handler.take()),
1638        );
1639        window.next_frame.mouse_listeners.extend(
1640            window.rendered_frame.mouse_listeners
1641                [range.start.mouse_listeners_index..range.end.mouse_listeners_index]
1642                .iter_mut()
1643                .map(|listener| listener.take()),
1644        );
1645        window.next_frame.accessed_element_states.extend(
1646            window.rendered_frame.accessed_element_states[range.start.accessed_element_states_index
1647                ..range.end.accessed_element_states_index]
1648                .iter()
1649                .map(|(id, type_id)| (GlobalElementId(id.0.clone()), *type_id)),
1650        );
1651        window
1652            .text_system
1653            .reuse_layouts(range.start.line_layout_index..range.end.line_layout_index);
1654        window.next_frame.scene.replay(
1655            range.start.scene_index..range.end.scene_index,
1656            &window.rendered_frame.scene,
1657        );
1658    }
1659
1660    /// Push a text style onto the stack, and call a function with that style active.
1661    /// Use [`AppContext::text_style`] to get the current, combined text style. This method
1662    /// should only be called as part of element drawing.
1663    pub fn with_text_style<F, R>(&mut self, style: Option<TextStyleRefinement>, f: F) -> R
1664    where
1665        F: FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1666    {
1667        debug_assert!(
1668            matches!(
1669                self.window.draw_phase,
1670                DrawPhase::Prepaint | DrawPhase::Paint
1671            ),
1672            "this method can only be called during request_layout, prepaint, or paint"
1673        );
1674        if let Some(style) = style {
1675            self.window.text_style_stack.push(style);
1676            let result = f(self);
1677            self.window.text_style_stack.pop();
1678            result
1679        } else {
1680            f(self)
1681        }
1682    }
1683
1684    /// Updates the cursor style at the platform level. This method should only be called
1685    /// during the prepaint phase of element drawing.
1686    pub fn set_cursor_style(&mut self, style: CursorStyle, hitbox: &Hitbox) {
1687        debug_assert_eq!(
1688            self.window.draw_phase,
1689            DrawPhase::Paint,
1690            "this method can only be called during paint"
1691        );
1692        self.window
1693            .next_frame
1694            .cursor_styles
1695            .push(CursorStyleRequest {
1696                hitbox_id: hitbox.id,
1697                style,
1698            });
1699    }
1700
1701    /// Sets a tooltip to be rendered for the upcoming frame. This method should only be called
1702    /// during the paint phase of element drawing.
1703    pub fn set_tooltip(&mut self, tooltip: AnyTooltip) -> TooltipId {
1704        debug_assert_eq!(
1705            self.window.draw_phase,
1706            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
1707            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
1708        );
1709        let id = TooltipId(post_inc(&mut self.window.next_tooltip_id.0));
1710        self.window
1711            .next_frame
1712            .tooltip_requests
1713            .push(Some(TooltipRequest { id, tooltip }));
1714        id
1715    }
1716
1717    /// Invoke the given function with the given content mask after intersecting it
1718    /// with the current mask. This method should only be called during element drawing.
1719    pub fn with_content_mask<R>(
1720        &mut self,
1721        mask: Option<ContentMask<Pixels>>,
1722        f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1723    ) -> R {
1724        debug_assert!(
1725            matches!(
1726                self.window.draw_phase,
1727                DrawPhase::Prepaint | DrawPhase::Paint
1728            ),
1729            "this method can only be called during request_layout, prepaint, or paint"
1730        );
1731        if let Some(mask) = mask {
1732            let mask = mask.intersect(&self.content_mask());
1733            self.window_mut().content_mask_stack.push(mask);
1734            let result = f(self);
1735            self.window_mut().content_mask_stack.pop();
1736            result
1737        } else {
1738            f(self)
1739        }
1740    }
1741
1742    /// Updates the global element offset relative to the current offset. This is used to implement
1743    /// scrolling. This method should only be called during the prepaint phase of element drawing.
1744    pub fn with_element_offset<R>(
1745        &mut self,
1746        offset: Point<Pixels>,
1747        f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1748    ) -> R {
1749        debug_assert_eq!(
1750            self.window.draw_phase,
1751            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
1752            "this method can only be called during request_layout, or prepaint"
1753        );
1754
1755        if offset.is_zero() {
1756            return f(self);
1757        };
1758
1759        let abs_offset = self.element_offset() + offset;
1760        self.with_absolute_element_offset(abs_offset, f)
1761    }
1762
1763    /// Updates the global element offset based on the given offset. This is used to implement
1764    /// drag handles and other manual painting of elements. This method should only be called during
1765    /// the prepaint phase of element drawing.
1766    pub fn with_absolute_element_offset<R>(
1767        &mut self,
1768        offset: Point<Pixels>,
1769        f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1770    ) -> R {
1771        debug_assert_eq!(
1772            self.window.draw_phase,
1773            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
1774            "this method can only be called during request_layout, or prepaint"
1775        );
1776        self.window_mut().element_offset_stack.push(offset);
1777        let result = f(self);
1778        self.window_mut().element_offset_stack.pop();
1779        result
1780    }
1781
1782    /// Perform prepaint on child elements in a "retryable" manner, so that any side effects
1783    /// of prepaints can be discarded before prepainting again. This is used to support autoscroll
1784    /// where we need to prepaint children to detect the autoscroll bounds, then adjust the
1785    /// element offset and prepaint again. See [`List`] for an example. This method should only be
1786    /// called during the prepaint phase of element drawing.
1787    pub fn transact<T, U>(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> Result<T, U>) -> Result<T, U> {
1788        debug_assert_eq!(
1789            self.window.draw_phase,
1790            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
1791            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
1792        );
1793        let index = self.prepaint_index();
1794        let result = f(self);
1795        if result.is_err() {
1796            self.window
1797                .next_frame
1798                .hitboxes
1799                .truncate(index.hitboxes_index);
1800            self.window
1801                .next_frame
1802                .tooltip_requests
1803                .truncate(index.tooltips_index);
1804            self.window
1805                .next_frame
1806                .deferred_draws
1807                .truncate(index.deferred_draws_index);
1808            self.window
1809                .next_frame
1810                .dispatch_tree
1811                .truncate(index.dispatch_tree_index);
1812            self.window
1813                .next_frame
1814                .accessed_element_states
1815                .truncate(index.accessed_element_states_index);
1816            self.window
1817                .text_system
1818                .truncate_layouts(index.line_layout_index);
1819        }
1820        result
1821    }
1822
1823    /// When you call this method during [`prepaint`], containing elements will attempt to
1824    /// scroll to cause the specified bounds to become visible. When they decide to autoscroll, they will call
1825    /// [`prepaint`] again with a new set of bounds. See [`List`] for an example of an element
1826    /// that supports this method being called on the elements it contains. This method should only be
1827    /// called during the prepaint phase of element drawing.
1828    pub fn request_autoscroll(&mut self, bounds: Bounds<Pixels>) {
1829        debug_assert_eq!(
1830            self.window.draw_phase,
1831            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
1832            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
1833        );
1834        self.window.requested_autoscroll = Some(bounds);
1835    }
1836
1837    /// This method can be called from a containing element such as [`List`] to support the autoscroll behavior
1838    /// described in [`request_autoscroll`].
1839    pub fn take_autoscroll(&mut self) -> Option<Bounds<Pixels>> {
1840        debug_assert_eq!(
1841            self.window.draw_phase,
1842            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
1843            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
1844        );
1845        self.window.requested_autoscroll.take()
1846    }
1847
1848    /// Remove an asset from GPUI's cache
1849    pub fn remove_cached_asset<A: Asset + 'static>(
1850        &mut self,
1851        source: &A::Source,
1852    ) -> Option<A::Output> {
1853        self.asset_cache.remove::<A>(source)
1854    }
1855
1856    /// Asynchronously load an asset, if the asset hasn't finished loading this will return None.
1857    /// Your view will be re-drawn once the asset has finished loading.
1858    ///
1859    /// Note that the multiple calls to this method will only result in one `Asset::load` call.
1860    /// The results of that call will be cached, and returned on subsequent uses of this API.
1861    ///
1862    /// Use [Self::remove_cached_asset] to reload your asset.
1863    pub fn use_cached_asset<A: Asset + 'static>(
1864        &mut self,
1865        source: &A::Source,
1866    ) -> Option<A::Output> {
1867        self.asset_cache.get::<A>(source).or_else(|| {
1868            if let Some(asset) = self.use_asset::<A>(source) {
1869                self.asset_cache
1870                    .insert::<A>(source.to_owned(), asset.clone());
1871                Some(asset)
1872            } else {
1873                None
1874            }
1875        })
1876    }
1877
1878    /// Asynchronously load an asset, if the asset hasn't finished loading this will return None.
1879    /// Your view will be re-drawn once the asset has finished loading.
1880    ///
1881    /// Note that the multiple calls to this method will only result in one `Asset::load` call at a
1882    /// time.
1883    ///
1884    /// This asset will not be cached by default, see [Self::use_cached_asset]
1885    pub fn use_asset<A: Asset + 'static>(&mut self, source: &A::Source) -> Option<A::Output> {
1886        let asset_id = (TypeId::of::<A>(), hash(source));
1887        let mut is_first = false;
1888        let task = self
1889            .loading_assets
1890            .remove(&asset_id)
1891            .map(|boxed_task| *boxed_task.downcast::<Shared<Task<A::Output>>>().unwrap())
1892            .unwrap_or_else(|| {
1893                is_first = true;
1894                let future = A::load(source.clone(), self);
1895                let task = self.background_executor().spawn(future).shared();
1896                task
1897            });
1898
1899        task.clone().now_or_never().or_else(|| {
1900            if is_first {
1901                let parent_id = self.parent_view_id();
1902                self.spawn({
1903                    let task = task.clone();
1904                    |mut cx| async move {
1905                        task.await;
1906
1907                        cx.on_next_frame(move |cx| {
1908                            if let Some(parent_id) = parent_id {
1909                                cx.notify(parent_id)
1910                            } else {
1911                                cx.refresh()
1912                            }
1913                        });
1914                    }
1915                })
1916                .detach();
1917            }
1918
1919            self.loading_assets.insert(asset_id, Box::new(task));
1920
1921            None
1922        })
1923    }
1924
1925    /// Obtain the current element offset. This method should only be called during the
1926    /// prepaint phase of element drawing.
1927    pub fn element_offset(&self) -> Point<Pixels> {
1928        debug_assert_eq!(
1929            self.window.draw_phase,
1930            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
1931            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
1932        );
1933        self.window()
1934            .element_offset_stack
1935            .last()
1936            .copied()
1937            .unwrap_or_default()
1938    }
1939
1940    /// Obtain the current content mask. This method should only be called during element drawing.
1941    pub fn content_mask(&self) -> ContentMask<Pixels> {
1942        debug_assert!(
1943            matches!(
1944                self.window.draw_phase,
1945                DrawPhase::Prepaint | DrawPhase::Paint
1946            ),
1947            "this method can only be called during prepaint, or paint"
1948        );
1949        self.window()
1950            .content_mask_stack
1951            .last()
1952            .cloned()
1953            .unwrap_or_else(|| ContentMask {
1954                bounds: Bounds {
1955                    origin: Point::default(),
1956                    size: self.window().viewport_size,
1957                },
1958            })
1959    }
1960
1961    /// Provide elements in the called function with a new namespace in which their identiers must be unique.
1962    /// This can be used within a custom element to distinguish multiple sets of child elements.
1963    pub fn with_element_namespace<R>(
1964        &mut self,
1965        element_id: impl Into<ElementId>,
1966        f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1967    ) -> R {
1968        self.window.element_id_stack.push(element_id.into());
1969        let result = f(self);
1970        self.window.element_id_stack.pop();
1971        result
1972    }
1973
1974    /// Updates or initializes state for an element with the given id that lives across multiple
1975    /// frames. If an element with this ID existed in the rendered frame, its state will be passed
1976    /// to the given closure. The state returned by the closure will be stored so it can be referenced
1977    /// when drawing the next frame. This method should only be called as part of element drawing.
1978    pub fn with_element_state<S, R>(
1979        &mut self,
1980        global_id: &GlobalElementId,
1981        f: impl FnOnce(Option<S>, &mut Self) -> (R, S),
1982    ) -> R
1983    where
1984        S: 'static,
1985    {
1986        debug_assert!(
1987            matches!(
1988                self.window.draw_phase,
1989                DrawPhase::Prepaint | DrawPhase::Paint
1990            ),
1991            "this method can only be called during request_layout, prepaint, or paint"
1992        );
1993
1994        let key = (GlobalElementId(global_id.0.clone()), TypeId::of::<S>());
1995        self.window
1996            .next_frame
1997            .accessed_element_states
1998            .push((GlobalElementId(key.0.clone()), TypeId::of::<S>()));
1999
2000        if let Some(any) = self
2001            .window
2002            .next_frame
2003            .element_states
2004            .remove(&key)
2005            .or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.element_states.remove(&key))
2006        {
2007            let ElementStateBox {
2008                inner,
2009                #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
2010                type_name,
2011            } = any;
2012            // Using the extra inner option to avoid needing to reallocate a new box.
2013            let mut state_box = inner
2014                .downcast::<Option<S>>()
2015                .map_err(|_| {
2016                    #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
2017                    {
2018                        anyhow::anyhow!(
2019                            "invalid element state type for id, requested {:?}, actual: {:?}",
2020                            std::any::type_name::<S>(),
2021                            type_name
2022                        )
2023                    }
2024
2025                    #[cfg(not(debug_assertions))]
2026                    {
2027                        anyhow::anyhow!(
2028                            "invalid element state type for id, requested {:?}",
2029                            std::any::type_name::<S>(),
2030                        )
2031                    }
2032                })
2033                .unwrap();
2034
2035            let state = state_box.take().expect(
2036                "reentrant call to with_element_state for the same state type and element id",
2037            );
2038            let (result, state) = f(Some(state), self);
2039            state_box.replace(state);
2040            self.window.next_frame.element_states.insert(
2041                key,
2042                ElementStateBox {
2043                    inner: state_box,
2044                    #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
2045                    type_name,
2046                },
2047            );
2048            result
2049        } else {
2050            let (result, state) = f(None, self);
2051            self.window.next_frame.element_states.insert(
2052                key,
2053                ElementStateBox {
2054                    inner: Box::new(Some(state)),
2055                    #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
2056                    type_name: std::any::type_name::<S>(),
2057                },
2058            );
2059            result
2060        }
2061    }
2062
2063    /// A variant of `with_element_state` that allows the element's id to be optional. This is a convenience
2064    /// method for elements where the element id may or may not be assigned. Prefer using `with_element_state`
2065    /// when the element is guaranteed to have an id.
2066    pub fn with_optional_element_state<S, R>(
2067        &mut self,
2068        global_id: Option<&GlobalElementId>,
2069        f: impl FnOnce(Option<Option<S>>, &mut Self) -> (R, Option<S>),
2070    ) -> R
2071    where
2072        S: 'static,
2073    {
2074        debug_assert!(
2075            matches!(
2076                self.window.draw_phase,
2077                DrawPhase::Prepaint | DrawPhase::Paint
2078            ),
2079            "this method can only be called during request_layout, prepaint, or paint"
2080        );
2081
2082        if let Some(global_id) = global_id {
2083            self.with_element_state(global_id, |state, cx| {
2084                let (result, state) = f(Some(state), cx);
2085                let state =
2086                    state.expect("you must return some state when you pass some element id");
2087                (result, state)
2088            })
2089        } else {
2090            let (result, state) = f(None, self);
2091            debug_assert!(
2092                state.is_none(),
2093                "you must not return an element state when passing None for the global id"
2094            );
2095            result
2096        }
2097    }
2098
2099    /// Defers the drawing of the given element, scheduling it to be painted on top of the currently-drawn tree
2100    /// at a later time. The `priority` parameter determines the drawing order relative to other deferred elements,
2101    /// with higher values being drawn on top.
2102    ///
2103    /// This method should only be called as part of the prepaint phase of element drawing.
2104    pub fn defer_draw(
2105        &mut self,
2106        element: AnyElement,
2107        absolute_offset: Point<Pixels>,
2108        priority: usize,
2109    ) {
2110        let window = &mut self.window;
2111        debug_assert_eq!(
2112            window.draw_phase,
2113            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2114            "this method can only be called during request_layout or prepaint"
2115        );
2116        let parent_node = window.next_frame.dispatch_tree.active_node_id().unwrap();
2117        window.next_frame.deferred_draws.push(DeferredDraw {
2118            parent_node,
2119            element_id_stack: window.element_id_stack.clone(),
2120            text_style_stack: window.text_style_stack.clone(),
2121            priority,
2122            element: Some(element),
2123            absolute_offset,
2124            prepaint_range: PrepaintStateIndex::default()..PrepaintStateIndex::default(),
2125            paint_range: PaintIndex::default()..PaintIndex::default(),
2126        });
2127    }
2128
2129    /// Creates a new painting layer for the specified bounds. A "layer" is a batch
2130    /// of geometry that are non-overlapping and have the same draw order. This is typically used
2131    /// for performance reasons.
2132    ///
2133    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2134    pub fn paint_layer<R>(&mut self, bounds: Bounds<Pixels>, f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R) -> R {
2135        debug_assert_eq!(
2136            self.window.draw_phase,
2137            DrawPhase::Paint,
2138            "this method can only be called during paint"
2139        );
2140
2141        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2142        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
2143        let clipped_bounds = bounds.intersect(&content_mask.bounds);
2144        if !clipped_bounds.is_empty() {
2145            self.window
2146                .next_frame
2147                .scene
2148                .push_layer(clipped_bounds.scale(scale_factor));
2149        }
2150
2151        let result = f(self);
2152
2153        if !clipped_bounds.is_empty() {
2154            self.window.next_frame.scene.pop_layer();
2155        }
2156
2157        result
2158    }
2159
2160    /// Paint one or more drop shadows into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2161    ///
2162    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2163    pub fn paint_shadows(
2164        &mut self,
2165        bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
2166        corner_radii: Corners<Pixels>,
2167        shadows: &[BoxShadow],
2168    ) {
2169        debug_assert_eq!(
2170            self.window.draw_phase,
2171            DrawPhase::Paint,
2172            "this method can only be called during paint"
2173        );
2174
2175        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2176        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
2177        for shadow in shadows {
2178            let mut shadow_bounds = bounds;
2179            shadow_bounds.origin += shadow.offset;
2180            shadow_bounds.dilate(shadow.spread_radius);
2181            self.window.next_frame.scene.insert_primitive(Shadow {
2182                order: 0,
2183                blur_radius: shadow.blur_radius.scale(scale_factor),
2184                bounds: shadow_bounds.scale(scale_factor),
2185                content_mask: content_mask.scale(scale_factor),
2186                corner_radii: corner_radii.scale(scale_factor),
2187                color: shadow.color,
2188            });
2189        }
2190    }
2191
2192    /// Paint one or more quads into the scene for the next frame at the current stacking context.
2193    /// Quads are colored rectangular regions with an optional background, border, and corner radius.
2194    /// see [`fill`](crate::fill), [`outline`](crate::outline), and [`quad`](crate::quad) to construct this type.
2195    ///
2196    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2197    pub fn paint_quad(&mut self, quad: PaintQuad) {
2198        debug_assert_eq!(
2199            self.window.draw_phase,
2200            DrawPhase::Paint,
2201            "this method can only be called during paint"
2202        );
2203
2204        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2205        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
2206        self.window.next_frame.scene.insert_primitive(Quad {
2207            order: 0,
2208            pad: 0,
2209            bounds: quad.bounds.scale(scale_factor),
2210            content_mask: content_mask.scale(scale_factor),
2211            background: quad.background,
2212            border_color: quad.border_color,
2213            corner_radii: quad.corner_radii.scale(scale_factor),
2214            border_widths: quad.border_widths.scale(scale_factor),
2215        });
2216    }
2217
2218    /// Paint the given `Path` into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2219    ///
2220    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2221    pub fn paint_path(&mut self, mut path: Path<Pixels>, color: impl Into<Hsla>) {
2222        debug_assert_eq!(
2223            self.window.draw_phase,
2224            DrawPhase::Paint,
2225            "this method can only be called during paint"
2226        );
2227
2228        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2229        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
2230        path.content_mask = content_mask;
2231        path.color = color.into();
2232        self.window
2233            .next_frame
2234            .scene
2235            .insert_primitive(path.scale(scale_factor));
2236    }
2237
2238    /// Paint an underline into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2239    ///
2240    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2241    pub fn paint_underline(
2242        &mut self,
2243        origin: Point<Pixels>,
2244        width: Pixels,
2245        style: &UnderlineStyle,
2246    ) {
2247        debug_assert_eq!(
2248            self.window.draw_phase,
2249            DrawPhase::Paint,
2250            "this method can only be called during paint"
2251        );
2252
2253        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2254        let height = if style.wavy {
2255            style.thickness * 3.
2256        } else {
2257            style.thickness
2258        };
2259        let bounds = Bounds {
2260            origin,
2261            size: size(width, height),
2262        };
2263        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
2264
2265        self.window.next_frame.scene.insert_primitive(Underline {
2266            order: 0,
2267            pad: 0,
2268            bounds: bounds.scale(scale_factor),
2269            content_mask: content_mask.scale(scale_factor),
2270            color: style.color.unwrap_or_default(),
2271            thickness: style.thickness.scale(scale_factor),
2272            wavy: style.wavy,
2273        });
2274    }
2275
2276    /// Paint a strikethrough into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2277    ///
2278    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2279    pub fn paint_strikethrough(
2280        &mut self,
2281        origin: Point<Pixels>,
2282        width: Pixels,
2283        style: &StrikethroughStyle,
2284    ) {
2285        debug_assert_eq!(
2286            self.window.draw_phase,
2287            DrawPhase::Paint,
2288            "this method can only be called during paint"
2289        );
2290
2291        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2292        let height = style.thickness;
2293        let bounds = Bounds {
2294            origin,
2295            size: size(width, height),
2296        };
2297        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
2298
2299        self.window.next_frame.scene.insert_primitive(Underline {
2300            order: 0,
2301            pad: 0,
2302            bounds: bounds.scale(scale_factor),
2303            content_mask: content_mask.scale(scale_factor),
2304            thickness: style.thickness.scale(scale_factor),
2305            color: style.color.unwrap_or_default(),
2306            wavy: false,
2307        });
2308    }
2309
2310    /// Paints a monochrome (non-emoji) glyph into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2311    ///
2312    /// The y component of the origin is the baseline of the glyph.
2313    /// You should generally prefer to use the [`ShapedLine::paint`](crate::ShapedLine::paint) or
2314    /// [`WrappedLine::paint`](crate::WrappedLine::paint) methods in the [`TextSystem`](crate::TextSystem).
2315    /// This method is only useful if you need to paint a single glyph that has already been shaped.
2316    ///
2317    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2318    pub fn paint_glyph(
2319        &mut self,
2320        origin: Point<Pixels>,
2321        font_id: FontId,
2322        glyph_id: GlyphId,
2323        font_size: Pixels,
2324        color: Hsla,
2325    ) -> Result<()> {
2326        debug_assert_eq!(
2327            self.window.draw_phase,
2328            DrawPhase::Paint,
2329            "this method can only be called during paint"
2330        );
2331
2332        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2333        let glyph_origin = origin.scale(scale_factor);
2334        let subpixel_variant = Point {
2335            x: (glyph_origin.x.0.fract() * SUBPIXEL_VARIANTS as f32).floor() as u8,
2336            y: (glyph_origin.y.0.fract() * SUBPIXEL_VARIANTS as f32).floor() as u8,
2337        };
2338        let params = RenderGlyphParams {
2339            font_id,
2340            glyph_id,
2341            font_size,
2342            subpixel_variant,
2343            scale_factor,
2344            is_emoji: false,
2345        };
2346
2347        let raster_bounds = self.text_system().raster_bounds(&params)?;
2348        if !raster_bounds.is_zero() {
2349            let tile =
2350                self.window
2351                    .sprite_atlas
2352                    .get_or_insert_with(&params.clone().into(), &mut || {
2353                        let (size, bytes) = self.text_system().rasterize_glyph(&params)?;
2354                        Ok((size, Cow::Owned(bytes)))
2355                    })?;
2356            let bounds = Bounds {
2357                origin: glyph_origin.map(|px| px.floor()) + raster_bounds.origin.map(Into::into),
2358                size: tile.bounds.size.map(Into::into),
2359            };
2360            let content_mask = self.content_mask().scale(scale_factor);
2361            self.window
2362                .next_frame
2363                .scene
2364                .insert_primitive(MonochromeSprite {
2365                    order: 0,
2366                    pad: 0,
2367                    bounds,
2368                    content_mask,
2369                    color,
2370                    tile,
2371                    transformation: TransformationMatrix::unit(),
2372                });
2373        }
2374        Ok(())
2375    }
2376
2377    /// Paints an emoji glyph into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2378    ///
2379    /// The y component of the origin is the baseline of the glyph.
2380    /// You should generally prefer to use the [`ShapedLine::paint`](crate::ShapedLine::paint) or
2381    /// [`WrappedLine::paint`](crate::WrappedLine::paint) methods in the [`TextSystem`](crate::TextSystem).
2382    /// This method is only useful if you need to paint a single emoji that has already been shaped.
2383    ///
2384    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2385    pub fn paint_emoji(
2386        &mut self,
2387        origin: Point<Pixels>,
2388        font_id: FontId,
2389        glyph_id: GlyphId,
2390        font_size: Pixels,
2391    ) -> Result<()> {
2392        debug_assert_eq!(
2393            self.window.draw_phase,
2394            DrawPhase::Paint,
2395            "this method can only be called during paint"
2396        );
2397
2398        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2399        let glyph_origin = origin.scale(scale_factor);
2400        let params = RenderGlyphParams {
2401            font_id,
2402            glyph_id,
2403            font_size,
2404            // We don't render emojis with subpixel variants.
2405            subpixel_variant: Default::default(),
2406            scale_factor,
2407            is_emoji: true,
2408        };
2409
2410        let raster_bounds = self.text_system().raster_bounds(&params)?;
2411        if !raster_bounds.is_zero() {
2412            let tile =
2413                self.window
2414                    .sprite_atlas
2415                    .get_or_insert_with(&params.clone().into(), &mut || {
2416                        let (size, bytes) = self.text_system().rasterize_glyph(&params)?;
2417                        Ok((size, Cow::Owned(bytes)))
2418                    })?;
2419            let bounds = Bounds {
2420                origin: glyph_origin.map(|px| px.floor()) + raster_bounds.origin.map(Into::into),
2421                size: tile.bounds.size.map(Into::into),
2422            };
2423            let content_mask = self.content_mask().scale(scale_factor);
2424
2425            self.window
2426                .next_frame
2427                .scene
2428                .insert_primitive(PolychromeSprite {
2429                    order: 0,
2430                    grayscale: false,
2431                    bounds,
2432                    corner_radii: Default::default(),
2433                    content_mask,
2434                    tile,
2435                });
2436        }
2437        Ok(())
2438    }
2439
2440    /// Paint a monochrome SVG into the scene for the next frame at the current stacking context.
2441    ///
2442    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2443    pub fn paint_svg(
2444        &mut self,
2445        bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
2446        path: SharedString,
2447        transformation: TransformationMatrix,
2448        color: Hsla,
2449    ) -> Result<()> {
2450        debug_assert_eq!(
2451            self.window.draw_phase,
2452            DrawPhase::Paint,
2453            "this method can only be called during paint"
2454        );
2455
2456        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2457        let bounds = bounds.scale(scale_factor);
2458        // Render the SVG at twice the size to get a higher quality result.
2459        let params = RenderSvgParams {
2460            path,
2461            size: bounds
2462                .size
2463                .map(|pixels| DevicePixels::from((pixels.0 * 2.).ceil() as i32)),
2464        };
2465
2466        let tile =
2467            self.window
2468                .sprite_atlas
2469                .get_or_insert_with(&params.clone().into(), &mut || {
2470                    let bytes = self.svg_renderer.render(&params)?;
2471                    Ok((params.size, Cow::Owned(bytes)))
2472                })?;
2473        let content_mask = self.content_mask().scale(scale_factor);
2474
2475        self.window
2476            .next_frame
2477            .scene
2478            .insert_primitive(MonochromeSprite {
2479                order: 0,
2480                pad: 0,
2481                bounds,
2482                content_mask,
2483                color,
2484                tile,
2485                transformation,
2486            });
2487
2488        Ok(())
2489    }
2490
2491    /// Paint an image into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2492    ///
2493    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2494    pub fn paint_image(
2495        &mut self,
2496        bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
2497        corner_radii: Corners<Pixels>,
2498        data: Arc<ImageData>,
2499        grayscale: bool,
2500    ) -> Result<()> {
2501        debug_assert_eq!(
2502            self.window.draw_phase,
2503            DrawPhase::Paint,
2504            "this method can only be called during paint"
2505        );
2506
2507        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2508        let bounds = bounds.scale(scale_factor);
2509        let params = RenderImageParams { image_id: data.id };
2510
2511        let tile = self
2512            .window
2513            .sprite_atlas
2514            .get_or_insert_with(&params.clone().into(), &mut || {
2515                Ok((data.size(), Cow::Borrowed(data.as_bytes())))
2516            })?;
2517        let content_mask = self.content_mask().scale(scale_factor);
2518        let corner_radii = corner_radii.scale(scale_factor);
2519
2520        self.window
2521            .next_frame
2522            .scene
2523            .insert_primitive(PolychromeSprite {
2524                order: 0,
2525                grayscale,
2526                bounds,
2527                content_mask,
2528                corner_radii,
2529                tile,
2530            });
2531        Ok(())
2532    }
2533
2534    /// Paint a surface into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2535    ///
2536    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2537    #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
2538    pub fn paint_surface(&mut self, bounds: Bounds<Pixels>, image_buffer: CVImageBuffer) {
2539        debug_assert_eq!(
2540            self.window.draw_phase,
2541            DrawPhase::Paint,
2542            "this method can only be called during paint"
2543        );
2544
2545        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2546        let bounds = bounds.scale(scale_factor);
2547        let content_mask = self.content_mask().scale(scale_factor);
2548        self.window
2549            .next_frame
2550            .scene
2551            .insert_primitive(crate::Surface {
2552                order: 0,
2553                bounds,
2554                content_mask,
2555                image_buffer,
2556            });
2557    }
2558
2559    #[must_use]
2560    /// Add a node to the layout tree for the current frame. Takes the `Style` of the element for which
2561    /// layout is being requested, along with the layout ids of any children. This method is called during
2562    /// calls to the [`Element::request_layout`] trait method and enables any element to participate in layout.
2563    ///
2564    /// This method should only be called as part of the request_layout or prepaint phase of element drawing.
2565    pub fn request_layout(
2566        &mut self,
2567        style: Style,
2568        children: impl IntoIterator<Item = LayoutId>,
2569    ) -> LayoutId {
2570        debug_assert_eq!(
2571            self.window.draw_phase,
2572            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2573            "this method can only be called during request_layout, or prepaint"
2574        );
2575
2576        self.app.layout_id_buffer.clear();
2577        self.app.layout_id_buffer.extend(children);
2578        let rem_size = self.rem_size();
2579
2580        self.window.layout_engine.as_mut().unwrap().request_layout(
2581            style,
2582            rem_size,
2583            &self.app.layout_id_buffer,
2584        )
2585    }
2586
2587    /// Add a node to the layout tree for the current frame. Instead of taking a `Style` and children,
2588    /// this variant takes a function that is invoked during layout so you can use arbitrary logic to
2589    /// determine the element's size. One place this is used internally is when measuring text.
2590    ///
2591    /// The given closure is invoked at layout time with the known dimensions and available space and
2592    /// returns a `Size`.
2593    ///
2594    /// This method should only be called as part of the request_layout or prepaint phase of element drawing.
2595    pub fn request_measured_layout<
2596        F: FnMut(Size<Option<Pixels>>, Size<AvailableSpace>, &mut WindowContext) -> Size<Pixels>
2597            + 'static,
2598    >(
2599        &mut self,
2600        style: Style,
2601        measure: F,
2602    ) -> LayoutId {
2603        debug_assert_eq!(
2604            self.window.draw_phase,
2605            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2606            "this method can only be called during request_layout, or prepaint"
2607        );
2608
2609        let rem_size = self.rem_size();
2610        self.window
2611            .layout_engine
2612            .as_mut()
2613            .unwrap()
2614            .request_measured_layout(style, rem_size, measure)
2615    }
2616
2617    /// Compute the layout for the given id within the given available space.
2618    /// This method is called for its side effect, typically by the framework prior to painting.
2619    /// After calling it, you can request the bounds of the given layout node id or any descendant.
2620    ///
2621    /// This method should only be called as part of the prepaint phase of element drawing.
2622    pub fn compute_layout(&mut self, layout_id: LayoutId, available_space: Size<AvailableSpace>) {
2623        debug_assert_eq!(
2624            self.window.draw_phase,
2625            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2626            "this method can only be called during request_layout, or prepaint"
2627        );
2628
2629        let mut layout_engine = self.window.layout_engine.take().unwrap();
2630        layout_engine.compute_layout(layout_id, available_space, self);
2631        self.window.layout_engine = Some(layout_engine);
2632    }
2633
2634    /// Obtain the bounds computed for the given LayoutId relative to the window. This method will usually be invoked by
2635    /// GPUI itself automatically in order to pass your element its `Bounds` automatically.
2636    ///
2637    /// This method should only be called as part of element drawing.
2638    pub fn layout_bounds(&mut self, layout_id: LayoutId) -> Bounds<Pixels> {
2639        debug_assert_eq!(
2640            self.window.draw_phase,
2641            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2642            "this method can only be called during request_layout, prepaint, or paint"
2643        );
2644
2645        let mut bounds = self
2646            .window
2647            .layout_engine
2648            .as_mut()
2649            .unwrap()
2650            .layout_bounds(layout_id)
2651            .map(Into::into);
2652        bounds.origin += self.element_offset();
2653        bounds
2654    }
2655
2656    /// This method should be called during `prepaint`. You can use
2657    /// the returned [Hitbox] during `paint` or in an event handler
2658    /// to determine whether the inserted hitbox was the topmost.
2659    ///
2660    /// This method should only be called as part of the prepaint phase of element drawing.
2661    pub fn insert_hitbox(&mut self, bounds: Bounds<Pixels>, opaque: bool) -> Hitbox {
2662        debug_assert_eq!(
2663            self.window.draw_phase,
2664            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2665            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
2666        );
2667
2668        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
2669        let window = &mut self.window;
2670        let id = window.next_hitbox_id;
2671        window.next_hitbox_id.0 += 1;
2672        let hitbox = Hitbox {
2673            id,
2674            bounds,
2675            content_mask,
2676            opaque,
2677        };
2678        window.next_frame.hitboxes.push(hitbox.clone());
2679        hitbox
2680    }
2681
2682    /// Sets the key context for the current element. This context will be used to translate
2683    /// keybindings into actions.
2684    ///
2685    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2686    pub fn set_key_context(&mut self, context: KeyContext) {
2687        debug_assert_eq!(
2688            self.window.draw_phase,
2689            DrawPhase::Paint,
2690            "this method can only be called during paint"
2691        );
2692        self.window
2693            .next_frame
2694            .dispatch_tree
2695            .set_key_context(context);
2696    }
2697
2698    /// Sets the focus handle for the current element. This handle will be used to manage focus state
2699    /// and keyboard event dispatch for the element.
2700    ///
2701    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2702    pub fn set_focus_handle(&mut self, focus_handle: &FocusHandle) {
2703        debug_assert_eq!(
2704            self.window.draw_phase,
2705            DrawPhase::Paint,
2706            "this method can only be called during paint"
2707        );
2708        self.window
2709            .next_frame
2710            .dispatch_tree
2711            .set_focus_id(focus_handle.id);
2712    }
2713
2714    /// Sets the view id for the current element, which will be used to manage view caching.
2715    ///
2716    /// This method should only be called as part of element prepaint. We plan on removing this
2717    /// method eventually when we solve some issues that require us to construct editor elements
2718    /// directly instead of always using editors via views.
2719    pub fn set_view_id(&mut self, view_id: EntityId) {
2720        debug_assert_eq!(
2721            self.window.draw_phase,
2722            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2723            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
2724        );
2725        self.window.next_frame.dispatch_tree.set_view_id(view_id);
2726    }
2727
2728    /// Get the last view id for the current element
2729    pub fn parent_view_id(&mut self) -> Option<EntityId> {
2730        self.window.next_frame.dispatch_tree.parent_view_id()
2731    }
2732
2733    /// Sets an input handler, such as [`ElementInputHandler`][element_input_handler], which interfaces with the
2734    /// platform to receive textual input with proper integration with concerns such
2735    /// as IME interactions. This handler will be active for the upcoming frame until the following frame is
2736    /// rendered.
2737    ///
2738    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2739    ///
2740    /// [element_input_handler]: crate::ElementInputHandler
2741    pub fn handle_input(&mut self, focus_handle: &FocusHandle, input_handler: impl InputHandler) {
2742        debug_assert_eq!(
2743            self.window.draw_phase,
2744            DrawPhase::Paint,
2745            "this method can only be called during paint"
2746        );
2747
2748        if focus_handle.is_focused(self) {
2749            let cx = self.to_async();
2750            self.window
2751                .next_frame
2752                .input_handlers
2753                .push(Some(PlatformInputHandler::new(cx, Box::new(input_handler))));
2754        }
2755    }
2756
2757    /// Register a mouse event listener on the window for the next frame. The type of event
2758    /// is determined by the first parameter of the given listener. When the next frame is rendered
2759    /// the listener will be cleared.
2760    ///
2761    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2762    pub fn on_mouse_event<Event: MouseEvent>(
2763        &mut self,
2764        mut handler: impl FnMut(&Event, DispatchPhase, &mut WindowContext) + 'static,
2765    ) {
2766        debug_assert_eq!(
2767            self.window.draw_phase,
2768            DrawPhase::Paint,
2769            "this method can only be called during paint"
2770        );
2771
2772        self.window.next_frame.mouse_listeners.push(Some(Box::new(
2773            move |event: &dyn Any, phase: DispatchPhase, cx: &mut WindowContext<'_>| {
2774                if let Some(event) = event.downcast_ref() {
2775                    handler(event, phase, cx)
2776                }
2777            },
2778        )));
2779    }
2780
2781    /// Register a key event listener on the window for the next frame. The type of event
2782    /// is determined by the first parameter of the given listener. When the next frame is rendered
2783    /// the listener will be cleared.
2784    ///
2785    /// This is a fairly low-level method, so prefer using event handlers on elements unless you have
2786    /// a specific need to register a global listener.
2787    ///
2788    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2789    pub fn on_key_event<Event: KeyEvent>(
2790        &mut self,
2791        listener: impl Fn(&Event, DispatchPhase, &mut WindowContext) + 'static,
2792    ) {
2793        debug_assert_eq!(
2794            self.window.draw_phase,
2795            DrawPhase::Paint,
2796            "this method can only be called during paint"
2797        );
2798
2799        self.window.next_frame.dispatch_tree.on_key_event(Rc::new(
2800            move |event: &dyn Any, phase, cx: &mut WindowContext<'_>| {
2801                if let Some(event) = event.downcast_ref::<Event>() {
2802                    listener(event, phase, cx)
2803                }
2804            },
2805        ));
2806    }
2807
2808    /// Register a modifiers changed event listener on the window for the next frame.
2809    ///
2810    /// This is a fairly low-level method, so prefer using event handlers on elements unless you have
2811    /// a specific need to register a global listener.
2812    ///
2813    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2814    pub fn on_modifiers_changed(
2815        &mut self,
2816        listener: impl Fn(&ModifiersChangedEvent, &mut WindowContext) + 'static,
2817    ) {
2818        debug_assert_eq!(
2819            self.window.draw_phase,
2820            DrawPhase::Paint,
2821            "this method can only be called during paint"
2822        );
2823
2824        self.window
2825            .next_frame
2826            .dispatch_tree
2827            .on_modifiers_changed(Rc::new(
2828                move |event: &ModifiersChangedEvent, cx: &mut WindowContext<'_>| {
2829                    listener(event, cx)
2830                },
2831            ));
2832    }
2833
2834    fn reset_cursor_style(&self) {
2835        // Set the cursor only if we're the active window.
2836        if self.is_window_active() {
2837            let style = self
2838                .window
2839                .rendered_frame
2840                .cursor_styles
2841                .iter()
2842                .rev()
2843                .find(|request| request.hitbox_id.is_hovered(self))
2844                .map(|request| request.style)
2845                .unwrap_or(CursorStyle::Arrow);
2846            self.platform.set_cursor_style(style);
2847        }
2848    }
2849
2850    /// Dispatch a given keystroke as though the user had typed it.
2851    /// You can create a keystroke with Keystroke::parse("").
2852    pub fn dispatch_keystroke(&mut self, keystroke: Keystroke) -> bool {
2853        let keystroke = keystroke.with_simulated_ime();
2854        let result = self.dispatch_event(PlatformInput::KeyDown(KeyDownEvent {
2855            keystroke: keystroke.clone(),
2856            is_held: false,
2857        }));
2858        if !result.propagate {
2859            return true;
2860        }
2861
2862        if let Some(input) = keystroke.ime_key {
2863            if let Some(mut input_handler) = self.window.platform_window.take_input_handler() {
2864                input_handler.dispatch_input(&input, self);
2865                self.window.platform_window.set_input_handler(input_handler);
2866                return true;
2867            }
2868        }
2869
2870        false
2871    }
2872
2873    /// Represent this action as a key binding string, to display in the UI.
2874    pub fn keystroke_text_for(&self, action: &dyn Action) -> String {
2875        self.bindings_for_action(action)
2876            .into_iter()
2877            .next()
2878            .map(|binding| {
2879                binding
2880                    .keystrokes()
2881                    .iter()
2882                    .map(ToString::to_string)
2883                    .collect::<Vec<_>>()
2884                    .join(" ")
2885            })
2886            .unwrap_or_else(|| action.name().to_string())
2887    }
2888
2889    /// Dispatch a mouse or keyboard event on the window.
2890    #[profiling::function]
2891    pub fn dispatch_event(&mut self, event: PlatformInput) -> DispatchEventResult {
2892        self.window.last_input_timestamp.set(Instant::now());
2893        // Handlers may set this to false by calling `stop_propagation`.
2894        self.app.propagate_event = true;
2895        // Handlers may set this to true by calling `prevent_default`.
2896        self.window.default_prevented = false;
2897
2898        let event = match event {
2899            // Track the mouse position with our own state, since accessing the platform
2900            // API for the mouse position can only occur on the main thread.
2901            PlatformInput::MouseMove(mouse_move) => {
2902                self.window.mouse_position = mouse_move.position;
2903                self.window.modifiers = mouse_move.modifiers;
2904                PlatformInput::MouseMove(mouse_move)
2905            }
2906            PlatformInput::MouseDown(mouse_down) => {
2907                self.window.mouse_position = mouse_down.position;
2908                self.window.modifiers = mouse_down.modifiers;
2909                PlatformInput::MouseDown(mouse_down)
2910            }
2911            PlatformInput::MouseUp(mouse_up) => {
2912                self.window.mouse_position = mouse_up.position;
2913                self.window.modifiers = mouse_up.modifiers;
2914                PlatformInput::MouseUp(mouse_up)
2915            }
2916            PlatformInput::MouseExited(mouse_exited) => {
2917                self.window.modifiers = mouse_exited.modifiers;
2918                PlatformInput::MouseExited(mouse_exited)
2919            }
2920            PlatformInput::ModifiersChanged(modifiers_changed) => {
2921                self.window.modifiers = modifiers_changed.modifiers;
2922                PlatformInput::ModifiersChanged(modifiers_changed)
2923            }
2924            PlatformInput::ScrollWheel(scroll_wheel) => {
2925                self.window.mouse_position = scroll_wheel.position;
2926                self.window.modifiers = scroll_wheel.modifiers;
2927                PlatformInput::ScrollWheel(scroll_wheel)
2928            }
2929            // Translate dragging and dropping of external files from the operating system
2930            // to internal drag and drop events.
2931            PlatformInput::FileDrop(file_drop) => match file_drop {
2932                FileDropEvent::Entered { position, paths } => {
2933                    self.window.mouse_position = position;
2934                    if self.active_drag.is_none() {
2935                        self.active_drag = Some(AnyDrag {
2936                            value: Box::new(paths.clone()),
2937                            view: self.new_view(|_| paths).into(),
2938                            cursor_offset: position,
2939                        });
2940                    }
2941                    PlatformInput::MouseMove(MouseMoveEvent {
2942                        position,
2943                        pressed_button: Some(MouseButton::Left),
2944                        modifiers: Modifiers::default(),
2945                    })
2946                }
2947                FileDropEvent::Pending { position } => {
2948                    self.window.mouse_position = position;
2949                    PlatformInput::MouseMove(MouseMoveEvent {
2950                        position,
2951                        pressed_button: Some(MouseButton::Left),
2952                        modifiers: Modifiers::default(),
2953                    })
2954                }
2955                FileDropEvent::Submit { position } => {
2956                    self.activate(true);
2957                    self.window.mouse_position = position;
2958                    PlatformInput::MouseUp(MouseUpEvent {
2959                        button: MouseButton::Left,
2960                        position,
2961                        modifiers: Modifiers::default(),
2962                        click_count: 1,
2963                    })
2964                }
2965                FileDropEvent::Exited => {
2966                    self.active_drag.take();
2967                    PlatformInput::FileDrop(FileDropEvent::Exited)
2968                }
2969            },
2970            PlatformInput::KeyDown(_) | PlatformInput::KeyUp(_) => event,
2971        };
2972
2973        if let Some(any_mouse_event) = event.mouse_event() {
2974            self.dispatch_mouse_event(any_mouse_event);
2975        } else if let Some(any_key_event) = event.keyboard_event() {
2976            self.dispatch_key_event(any_key_event);
2977        }
2978
2979        DispatchEventResult {
2980            propagate: self.app.propagate_event,
2981            default_prevented: self.window.default_prevented,
2982        }
2983    }
2984
2985    fn dispatch_mouse_event(&mut self, event: &dyn Any) {
2986        let hit_test = self.window.rendered_frame.hit_test(self.mouse_position());
2987        if hit_test != self.window.mouse_hit_test {
2988            self.window.mouse_hit_test = hit_test;
2989            self.reset_cursor_style();
2990        }
2991
2992        let mut mouse_listeners = mem::take(&mut self.window.rendered_frame.mouse_listeners);
2993
2994        // Capture phase, events bubble from back to front. Handlers for this phase are used for
2995        // special purposes, such as detecting events outside of a given Bounds.
2996        for listener in &mut mouse_listeners {
2997            let listener = listener.as_mut().unwrap();
2998            listener(event, DispatchPhase::Capture, self);
2999            if !self.app.propagate_event {
3000                break;
3001            }
3002        }
3003
3004        // Bubble phase, where most normal handlers do their work.
3005        if self.app.propagate_event {
3006            for listener in mouse_listeners.iter_mut().rev() {
3007                let listener = listener.as_mut().unwrap();
3008                listener(event, DispatchPhase::Bubble, self);
3009                if !self.app.propagate_event {
3010                    break;
3011                }
3012            }
3013        }
3014
3015        self.window.rendered_frame.mouse_listeners = mouse_listeners;
3016
3017        if self.has_active_drag() {
3018            if event.is::<MouseMoveEvent>() {
3019                // If this was a mouse move event, redraw the window so that the
3020                // active drag can follow the mouse cursor.
3021                self.refresh();
3022            } else if event.is::<MouseUpEvent>() {
3023                // If this was a mouse up event, cancel the active drag and redraw
3024                // the window.
3025                self.active_drag = None;
3026                self.refresh();
3027            }
3028        }
3029    }
3030
3031    fn dispatch_key_event(&mut self, event: &dyn Any) {
3032        if self.window.dirty.get() {
3033            self.draw();
3034        }
3035
3036        let node_id = self
3037            .window
3038            .focus
3039            .and_then(|focus_id| {
3040                self.window
3041                    .rendered_frame
3042                    .dispatch_tree
3043                    .focusable_node_id(focus_id)
3044            })
3045            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
3046
3047        let dispatch_path = self
3048            .window
3049            .rendered_frame
3050            .dispatch_tree
3051            .dispatch_path(node_id);
3052
3053        if let Some(key_down_event) = event.downcast_ref::<KeyDownEvent>() {
3054            let KeymatchResult { bindings, pending } = self
3055                .window
3056                .rendered_frame
3057                .dispatch_tree
3058                .dispatch_key(&key_down_event.keystroke, &dispatch_path);
3059
3060            if pending {
3061                let mut currently_pending = self.window.pending_input.take().unwrap_or_default();
3062                if currently_pending.focus.is_some() && currently_pending.focus != self.window.focus
3063                {
3064                    currently_pending = PendingInput::default();
3065                }
3066                currently_pending.focus = self.window.focus;
3067                currently_pending
3068                    .keystrokes
3069                    .push(key_down_event.keystroke.clone());
3070                for binding in bindings {
3071                    currently_pending.bindings.push(binding);
3072                }
3073
3074                currently_pending.timer = Some(self.spawn(|mut cx| async move {
3075                    cx.background_executor.timer(Duration::from_secs(1)).await;
3076                    cx.update(move |cx| {
3077                        cx.clear_pending_keystrokes();
3078                        let Some(currently_pending) = cx.window.pending_input.take() else {
3079                            return;
3080                        };
3081                        cx.replay_pending_input(currently_pending)
3082                    })
3083                    .log_err();
3084                }));
3085
3086                self.window.pending_input = Some(currently_pending);
3087
3088                self.propagate_event = false;
3089                return;
3090            } else if let Some(currently_pending) = self.window.pending_input.take() {
3091                if bindings
3092                    .iter()
3093                    .all(|binding| !currently_pending.used_by_binding(binding))
3094                {
3095                    self.replay_pending_input(currently_pending)
3096                }
3097            }
3098
3099            if !bindings.is_empty() {
3100                self.clear_pending_keystrokes();
3101            }
3102
3103            self.propagate_event = true;
3104            for binding in bindings {
3105                self.dispatch_action_on_node(node_id, binding.action.as_ref());
3106                if !self.propagate_event {
3107                    self.dispatch_keystroke_observers(event, Some(binding.action));
3108                    return;
3109                }
3110            }
3111        }
3112
3113        self.dispatch_key_down_up_event(event, &dispatch_path);
3114        if !self.propagate_event {
3115            return;
3116        }
3117
3118        self.dispatch_modifiers_changed_event(event, &dispatch_path);
3119        if !self.propagate_event {
3120            return;
3121        }
3122
3123        self.dispatch_keystroke_observers(event, None);
3124    }
3125
3126    fn dispatch_key_down_up_event(
3127        &mut self,
3128        event: &dyn Any,
3129        dispatch_path: &SmallVec<[DispatchNodeId; 32]>,
3130    ) {
3131        // Capture phase
3132        for node_id in dispatch_path {
3133            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
3134
3135            for key_listener in node.key_listeners.clone() {
3136                key_listener(event, DispatchPhase::Capture, self);
3137                if !self.propagate_event {
3138                    return;
3139                }
3140            }
3141        }
3142
3143        // Bubble phase
3144        for node_id in dispatch_path.iter().rev() {
3145            // Handle low level key events
3146            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
3147            for key_listener in node.key_listeners.clone() {
3148                key_listener(event, DispatchPhase::Bubble, self);
3149                if !self.propagate_event {
3150                    return;
3151                }
3152            }
3153        }
3154    }
3155
3156    fn dispatch_modifiers_changed_event(
3157        &mut self,
3158        event: &dyn Any,
3159        dispatch_path: &SmallVec<[DispatchNodeId; 32]>,
3160    ) {
3161        let Some(event) = event.downcast_ref::<ModifiersChangedEvent>() else {
3162            return;
3163        };
3164        for node_id in dispatch_path.iter().rev() {
3165            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
3166            for listener in node.modifiers_changed_listeners.clone() {
3167                listener(event, self);
3168                if !self.propagate_event {
3169                    return;
3170                }
3171            }
3172        }
3173    }
3174
3175    /// Determine whether a potential multi-stroke key binding is in progress on this window.
3176    pub fn has_pending_keystrokes(&self) -> bool {
3177        self.window
3178            .rendered_frame
3179            .dispatch_tree
3180            .has_pending_keystrokes()
3181    }
3182
3183    fn replay_pending_input(&mut self, currently_pending: PendingInput) {
3184        let node_id = self
3185            .window
3186            .focus
3187            .and_then(|focus_id| {
3188                self.window
3189                    .rendered_frame
3190                    .dispatch_tree
3191                    .focusable_node_id(focus_id)
3192            })
3193            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
3194
3195        if self.window.focus != currently_pending.focus {
3196            return;
3197        }
3198
3199        let input = currently_pending.input();
3200
3201        self.propagate_event = true;
3202        for binding in currently_pending.bindings {
3203            self.dispatch_action_on_node(node_id, binding.action.as_ref());
3204            if !self.propagate_event {
3205                return;
3206            }
3207        }
3208
3209        let dispatch_path = self
3210            .window
3211            .rendered_frame
3212            .dispatch_tree
3213            .dispatch_path(node_id);
3214
3215        for keystroke in currently_pending.keystrokes {
3216            let event = KeyDownEvent {
3217                keystroke,
3218                is_held: false,
3219            };
3220
3221            self.dispatch_key_down_up_event(&event, &dispatch_path);
3222            if !self.propagate_event {
3223                return;
3224            }
3225        }
3226
3227        if !input.is_empty() {
3228            if let Some(mut input_handler) = self.window.platform_window.take_input_handler() {
3229                input_handler.dispatch_input(&input, self);
3230                self.window.platform_window.set_input_handler(input_handler)
3231            }
3232        }
3233    }
3234
3235    fn dispatch_action_on_node(&mut self, node_id: DispatchNodeId, action: &dyn Action) {
3236        let dispatch_path = self
3237            .window
3238            .rendered_frame
3239            .dispatch_tree
3240            .dispatch_path(node_id);
3241
3242        // Capture phase for global actions.
3243        self.propagate_event = true;
3244        if let Some(mut global_listeners) = self
3245            .global_action_listeners
3246            .remove(&action.as_any().type_id())
3247        {
3248            for listener in &global_listeners {
3249                listener(action.as_any(), DispatchPhase::Capture, self);
3250                if !self.propagate_event {
3251                    break;
3252                }
3253            }
3254
3255            global_listeners.extend(
3256                self.global_action_listeners
3257                    .remove(&action.as_any().type_id())
3258                    .unwrap_or_default(),
3259            );
3260
3261            self.global_action_listeners
3262                .insert(action.as_any().type_id(), global_listeners);
3263        }
3264
3265        if !self.propagate_event {
3266            return;
3267        }
3268
3269        // Capture phase for window actions.
3270        for node_id in &dispatch_path {
3271            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
3272            for DispatchActionListener {
3273                action_type,
3274                listener,
3275            } in node.action_listeners.clone()
3276            {
3277                let any_action = action.as_any();
3278                if action_type == any_action.type_id() {
3279                    listener(any_action, DispatchPhase::Capture, self);
3280
3281                    if !self.propagate_event {
3282                        return;
3283                    }
3284                }
3285            }
3286        }
3287
3288        // Bubble phase for window actions.
3289        for node_id in dispatch_path.iter().rev() {
3290            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
3291            for DispatchActionListener {
3292                action_type,
3293                listener,
3294            } in node.action_listeners.clone()
3295            {
3296                let any_action = action.as_any();
3297                if action_type == any_action.type_id() {
3298                    self.propagate_event = false; // Actions stop propagation by default during the bubble phase
3299                    listener(any_action, DispatchPhase::Bubble, self);
3300
3301                    if !self.propagate_event {
3302                        return;
3303                    }
3304                }
3305            }
3306        }
3307
3308        // Bubble phase for global actions.
3309        if let Some(mut global_listeners) = self
3310            .global_action_listeners
3311            .remove(&action.as_any().type_id())
3312        {
3313            for listener in global_listeners.iter().rev() {
3314                self.propagate_event = false; // Actions stop propagation by default during the bubble phase
3315
3316                listener(action.as_any(), DispatchPhase::Bubble, self);
3317                if !self.propagate_event {
3318                    break;
3319                }
3320            }
3321
3322            global_listeners.extend(
3323                self.global_action_listeners
3324                    .remove(&action.as_any().type_id())
3325                    .unwrap_or_default(),
3326            );
3327
3328            self.global_action_listeners
3329                .insert(action.as_any().type_id(), global_listeners);
3330        }
3331    }
3332
3333    /// Register the given handler to be invoked whenever the global of the given type
3334    /// is updated.
3335    pub fn observe_global<G: Global>(
3336        &mut self,
3337        f: impl Fn(&mut WindowContext<'_>) + 'static,
3338    ) -> Subscription {
3339        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
3340        let (subscription, activate) = self.global_observers.insert(
3341            TypeId::of::<G>(),
3342            Box::new(move |cx| window_handle.update(cx, |_, cx| f(cx)).is_ok()),
3343        );
3344        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
3345        subscription
3346    }
3347
3348    /// Focus the current window and bring it to the foreground at the platform level.
3349    pub fn activate_window(&self) {
3350        self.window.platform_window.activate();
3351    }
3352
3353    /// Minimize the current window at the platform level.
3354    pub fn minimize_window(&self) {
3355        self.window.platform_window.minimize();
3356    }
3357
3358    /// Toggle full screen status on the current window at the platform level.
3359    pub fn toggle_fullscreen(&self) {
3360        self.window.platform_window.toggle_fullscreen();
3361    }
3362
3363    /// Present a platform dialog.
3364    /// The provided message will be presented, along with buttons for each answer.
3365    /// When a button is clicked, the returned Receiver will receive the index of the clicked button.
3366    pub fn prompt(
3367        &mut self,
3368        level: PromptLevel,
3369        message: &str,
3370        detail: Option<&str>,
3371        answers: &[&str],
3372    ) -> oneshot::Receiver<usize> {
3373        let prompt_builder = self.app.prompt_builder.take();
3374        let Some(prompt_builder) = prompt_builder else {
3375            unreachable!("Re-entrant window prompting is not supported by GPUI");
3376        };
3377
3378        let receiver = match &prompt_builder {
3379            PromptBuilder::Default => self
3380                .window
3381                .platform_window
3382                .prompt(level, message, detail, answers)
3383                .unwrap_or_else(|| {
3384                    self.build_custom_prompt(&prompt_builder, level, message, detail, answers)
3385                }),
3386            PromptBuilder::Custom(_) => {
3387                self.build_custom_prompt(&prompt_builder, level, message, detail, answers)
3388            }
3389        };
3390
3391        self.app.prompt_builder = Some(prompt_builder);
3392
3393        receiver
3394    }
3395
3396    fn build_custom_prompt(
3397        &mut self,
3398        prompt_builder: &PromptBuilder,
3399        level: PromptLevel,
3400        message: &str,
3401        detail: Option<&str>,
3402        answers: &[&str],
3403    ) -> oneshot::Receiver<usize> {
3404        let (sender, receiver) = oneshot::channel();
3405        let handle = PromptHandle::new(sender);
3406        let handle = (prompt_builder)(level, message, detail, answers, handle, self);
3407        self.window.prompt = Some(handle);
3408        receiver
3409    }
3410
3411    /// Returns all available actions for the focused element.
3412    pub fn available_actions(&self) -> Vec<Box<dyn Action>> {
3413        let node_id = self
3414            .window
3415            .focus
3416            .and_then(|focus_id| {
3417                self.window
3418                    .rendered_frame
3419                    .dispatch_tree
3420                    .focusable_node_id(focus_id)
3421            })
3422            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
3423
3424        let mut actions = self
3425            .window
3426            .rendered_frame
3427            .dispatch_tree
3428            .available_actions(node_id);
3429        for action_type in self.global_action_listeners.keys() {
3430            if let Err(ix) = actions.binary_search_by_key(action_type, |a| a.as_any().type_id()) {
3431                let action = self.actions.build_action_type(action_type).ok();
3432                if let Some(action) = action {
3433                    actions.insert(ix, action);
3434                }
3435            }
3436        }
3437        actions
3438    }
3439
3440    /// Returns key bindings that invoke the given action on the currently focused element.
3441    pub fn bindings_for_action(&self, action: &dyn Action) -> Vec<KeyBinding> {
3442        self.window
3443            .rendered_frame
3444            .dispatch_tree
3445            .bindings_for_action(
3446                action,
3447                &self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.context_stack,
3448            )
3449    }
3450
3451    /// Returns any bindings that would invoke the given action on the given focus handle if it were focused.
3452    pub fn bindings_for_action_in(
3453        &self,
3454        action: &dyn Action,
3455        focus_handle: &FocusHandle,
3456    ) -> Vec<KeyBinding> {
3457        let dispatch_tree = &self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree;
3458
3459        let Some(node_id) = dispatch_tree.focusable_node_id(focus_handle.id) else {
3460            return vec![];
3461        };
3462        let context_stack: Vec<_> = dispatch_tree
3463            .dispatch_path(node_id)
3464            .into_iter()
3465            .filter_map(|node_id| dispatch_tree.node(node_id).context.clone())
3466            .collect();
3467        dispatch_tree.bindings_for_action(action, &context_stack)
3468    }
3469
3470    /// Returns a generic event listener that invokes the given listener with the view and context associated with the given view handle.
3471    pub fn listener_for<V: Render, E>(
3472        &self,
3473        view: &View<V>,
3474        f: impl Fn(&mut V, &E, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
3475    ) -> impl Fn(&E, &mut WindowContext) + 'static {
3476        let view = view.downgrade();
3477        move |e: &E, cx: &mut WindowContext| {
3478            view.update(cx, |view, cx| f(view, e, cx)).ok();
3479        }
3480    }
3481
3482    /// Returns a generic handler that invokes the given handler with the view and context associated with the given view handle.
3483    pub fn handler_for<V: Render>(
3484        &self,
3485        view: &View<V>,
3486        f: impl Fn(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
3487    ) -> impl Fn(&mut WindowContext) {
3488        let view = view.downgrade();
3489        move |cx: &mut WindowContext| {
3490            view.update(cx, |view, cx| f(view, cx)).ok();
3491        }
3492    }
3493
3494    /// Register a callback that can interrupt the closing of the current window based the returned boolean.
3495    /// If the callback returns false, the window won't be closed.
3496    pub fn on_window_should_close(&mut self, f: impl Fn(&mut WindowContext) -> bool + 'static) {
3497        let mut this = self.to_async();
3498        self.window
3499            .platform_window
3500            .on_should_close(Box::new(move || this.update(|cx| f(cx)).unwrap_or(true)))
3501    }
3502
3503    /// Register an action listener on the window for the next frame. The type of action
3504    /// is determined by the first parameter of the given listener. When the next frame is rendered
3505    /// the listener will be cleared.
3506    ///
3507    /// This is a fairly low-level method, so prefer using action handlers on elements unless you have
3508    /// a specific need to register a global listener.
3509    pub fn on_action(
3510        &mut self,
3511        action_type: TypeId,
3512        listener: impl Fn(&dyn Any, DispatchPhase, &mut WindowContext) + 'static,
3513    ) {
3514        self.window
3515            .next_frame
3516            .dispatch_tree
3517            .on_action(action_type, Rc::new(listener));
3518    }
3519}
3520
3521#[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
3522impl WindowContext<'_> {
3523    /// Returns the raw HWND handle for the window.
3524    pub fn get_raw_handle(&self) -> windows::Win32::Foundation::HWND {
3525        self.window.platform_window.get_raw_handle()
3526    }
3527}
3528
3529impl Context for WindowContext<'_> {
3530    type Result<T> = T;
3531
3532    fn new_model<T>(&mut self, build_model: impl FnOnce(&mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> T) -> Model<T>
3533    where
3534        T: 'static,
3535    {
3536        let slot = self.app.entities.reserve();
3537        let model = build_model(&mut ModelContext::new(&mut *self.app, slot.downgrade()));
3538        self.entities.insert(slot, model)
3539    }
3540
3541    fn reserve_model<T: 'static>(&mut self) -> Self::Result<crate::Reservation<T>> {
3542        self.app.reserve_model()
3543    }
3544
3545    fn insert_model<T: 'static>(
3546        &mut self,
3547        reservation: crate::Reservation<T>,
3548        build_model: impl FnOnce(&mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> T,
3549    ) -> Self::Result<Model<T>> {
3550        self.app.insert_model(reservation, build_model)
3551    }
3552
3553    fn update_model<T: 'static, R>(
3554        &mut self,
3555        model: &Model<T>,
3556        update: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> R,
3557    ) -> R {
3558        let mut entity = self.entities.lease(model);
3559        let result = update(
3560            &mut *entity,
3561            &mut ModelContext::new(&mut *self.app, model.downgrade()),
3562        );
3563        self.entities.end_lease(entity);
3564        result
3565    }
3566
3567    fn read_model<T, R>(
3568        &self,
3569        handle: &Model<T>,
3570        read: impl FnOnce(&T, &AppContext) -> R,
3571    ) -> Self::Result<R>
3572    where
3573        T: 'static,
3574    {
3575        let entity = self.entities.read(handle);
3576        read(entity, &*self.app)
3577    }
3578
3579    fn update_window<T, F>(&mut self, window: AnyWindowHandle, update: F) -> Result<T>
3580    where
3581        F: FnOnce(AnyView, &mut WindowContext<'_>) -> T,
3582    {
3583        if window == self.window.handle {
3584            let root_view = self.window.root_view.clone().unwrap();
3585            Ok(update(root_view, self))
3586        } else {
3587            window.update(self.app, update)
3588        }
3589    }
3590
3591    fn read_window<T, R>(
3592        &self,
3593        window: &WindowHandle<T>,
3594        read: impl FnOnce(View<T>, &AppContext) -> R,
3595    ) -> Result<R>
3596    where
3597        T: 'static,
3598    {
3599        if window.any_handle == self.window.handle {
3600            let root_view = self
3601                .window
3602                .root_view
3603                .clone()
3604                .unwrap()
3605                .downcast::<T>()
3606                .map_err(|_| anyhow!("the type of the window's root view has changed"))?;
3607            Ok(read(root_view, self))
3608        } else {
3609            self.app.read_window(window, read)
3610        }
3611    }
3612}
3613
3614impl VisualContext for WindowContext<'_> {
3615    fn new_view<V>(
3616        &mut self,
3617        build_view_state: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, V>) -> V,
3618    ) -> Self::Result<View<V>>
3619    where
3620        V: 'static + Render,
3621    {
3622        let slot = self.app.entities.reserve();
3623        let view = View {
3624            model: slot.clone(),
3625        };
3626        let mut cx = ViewContext::new(&mut *self.app, &mut *self.window, &view);
3627        let entity = build_view_state(&mut cx);
3628        cx.entities.insert(slot, entity);
3629
3630        // Non-generic part to avoid leaking SubscriberSet to invokers of `new_view`.
3631        fn notify_observers(cx: &mut WindowContext, tid: TypeId, view: AnyView) {
3632            cx.new_view_observers.clone().retain(&tid, |observer| {
3633                let any_view = view.clone();
3634                (observer)(any_view, cx);
3635                true
3636            });
3637        }
3638        notify_observers(self, TypeId::of::<V>(), AnyView::from(view.clone()));
3639
3640        view
3641    }
3642
3643    /// Updates the given view. Prefer calling [`View::update`] instead, which calls this method.
3644    fn update_view<T: 'static, R>(
3645        &mut self,
3646        view: &View<T>,
3647        update: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut ViewContext<'_, T>) -> R,
3648    ) -> Self::Result<R> {
3649        let mut lease = self.app.entities.lease(&view.model);
3650        let mut cx = ViewContext::new(&mut *self.app, &mut *self.window, view);
3651        let result = update(&mut *lease, &mut cx);
3652        cx.app.entities.end_lease(lease);
3653        result
3654    }
3655
3656    fn replace_root_view<V>(
3657        &mut self,
3658        build_view: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, V>) -> V,
3659    ) -> Self::Result<View<V>>
3660    where
3661        V: 'static + Render,
3662    {
3663        let view = self.new_view(build_view);
3664        self.window.root_view = Some(view.clone().into());
3665        self.refresh();
3666        view
3667    }
3668
3669    fn focus_view<V: crate::FocusableView>(&mut self, view: &View<V>) -> Self::Result<()> {
3670        self.update_view(view, |view, cx| {
3671            view.focus_handle(cx).clone().focus(cx);
3672        })
3673    }
3674
3675    fn dismiss_view<V>(&mut self, view: &View<V>) -> Self::Result<()>
3676    where
3677        V: ManagedView,
3678    {
3679        self.update_view(view, |_, cx| cx.emit(DismissEvent))
3680    }
3681}
3682
3683impl<'a> std::ops::Deref for WindowContext<'a> {
3684    type Target = AppContext;
3685
3686    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
3687        self.app
3688    }
3689}
3690
3691impl<'a> std::ops::DerefMut for WindowContext<'a> {
3692    fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
3693        self.app
3694    }
3695}
3696
3697impl<'a> Borrow<AppContext> for WindowContext<'a> {
3698    fn borrow(&self) -> &AppContext {
3699        self.app
3700    }
3701}
3702
3703impl<'a> BorrowMut<AppContext> for WindowContext<'a> {
3704    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut AppContext {
3705        self.app
3706    }
3707}
3708
3709/// This trait contains functionality that is shared across [`ViewContext`] and [`WindowContext`]
3710pub trait BorrowWindow: BorrowMut<Window> + BorrowMut<AppContext> {
3711    #[doc(hidden)]
3712    fn app_mut(&mut self) -> &mut AppContext {
3713        self.borrow_mut()
3714    }
3715
3716    #[doc(hidden)]
3717    fn app(&self) -> &AppContext {
3718        self.borrow()
3719    }
3720
3721    #[doc(hidden)]
3722    fn window(&self) -> &Window {
3723        self.borrow()
3724    }
3725
3726    #[doc(hidden)]
3727    fn window_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Window {
3728        self.borrow_mut()
3729    }
3730}
3731
3732impl Borrow<Window> for WindowContext<'_> {
3733    fn borrow(&self) -> &Window {
3734        self.window
3735    }
3736}
3737
3738impl BorrowMut<Window> for WindowContext<'_> {
3739    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Window {
3740        self.window
3741    }
3742}
3743
3744impl<T> BorrowWindow for T where T: BorrowMut<AppContext> + BorrowMut<Window> {}
3745
3746/// Provides access to application state that is specialized for a particular [`View`].
3747/// Allows you to interact with focus, emit events, etc.
3748/// ViewContext also derefs to [`WindowContext`], giving you access to all of its methods as well.
3749/// When you call [`View::update`], you're passed a `&mut V` and an `&mut ViewContext<V>`.
3750pub struct ViewContext<'a, V> {
3751    window_cx: WindowContext<'a>,
3752    view: &'a View<V>,
3753}
3754
3755impl<V> Borrow<AppContext> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
3756    fn borrow(&self) -> &AppContext {
3757        &*self.window_cx.app
3758    }
3759}
3760
3761impl<V> BorrowMut<AppContext> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
3762    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut AppContext {
3763        &mut *self.window_cx.app
3764    }
3765}
3766
3767impl<V> Borrow<Window> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
3768    fn borrow(&self) -> &Window {
3769        &*self.window_cx.window
3770    }
3771}
3772
3773impl<V> BorrowMut<Window> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
3774    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Window {
3775        &mut *self.window_cx.window
3776    }
3777}
3778
3779impl<'a, V: 'static> ViewContext<'a, V> {
3780    pub(crate) fn new(app: &'a mut AppContext, window: &'a mut Window, view: &'a View<V>) -> Self {
3781        Self {
3782            window_cx: WindowContext::new(app, window),
3783            view,
3784        }
3785    }
3786
3787    /// Get the entity_id of this view.
3788    pub fn entity_id(&self) -> EntityId {
3789        self.view.entity_id()
3790    }
3791
3792    /// Get the view pointer underlying this context.
3793    pub fn view(&self) -> &View<V> {
3794        self.view
3795    }
3796
3797    /// Get the model underlying this view.
3798    pub fn model(&self) -> &Model<V> {
3799        &self.view.model
3800    }
3801
3802    /// Access the underlying window context.
3803    pub fn window_context(&mut self) -> &mut WindowContext<'a> {
3804        &mut self.window_cx
3805    }
3806
3807    /// Sets a given callback to be run on the next frame.
3808    pub fn on_next_frame(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static)
3809    where
3810        V: 'static,
3811    {
3812        let view = self.view().clone();
3813        self.window_cx.on_next_frame(move |cx| view.update(cx, f));
3814    }
3815
3816    /// Schedules the given function to be run at the end of the current effect cycle, allowing entities
3817    /// that are currently on the stack to be returned to the app.
3818    pub fn defer(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static) {
3819        let view = self.view().downgrade();
3820        self.window_cx.defer(move |cx| {
3821            view.update(cx, f).ok();
3822        });
3823    }
3824
3825    /// Observe another model or view for changes to its state, as tracked by [`ModelContext::notify`].
3826    pub fn observe<V2, E>(
3827        &mut self,
3828        entity: &E,
3829        mut on_notify: impl FnMut(&mut V, E, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
3830    ) -> Subscription
3831    where
3832        V2: 'static,
3833        V: 'static,
3834        E: Entity<V2>,
3835    {
3836        let view = self.view().downgrade();
3837        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
3838        let entity = entity.downgrade();
3839        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
3840        self.app.new_observer(
3841            entity_id,
3842            Box::new(move |cx| {
3843                window_handle
3844                    .update(cx, |_, cx| {
3845                        if let Some(handle) = E::upgrade_from(&entity) {
3846                            view.update(cx, |this, cx| on_notify(this, handle, cx))
3847                                .is_ok()
3848                        } else {
3849                            false
3850                        }
3851                    })
3852                    .unwrap_or(false)
3853            }),
3854        )
3855    }
3856
3857    /// Subscribe to events emitted by another model or view.
3858    /// The entity to which you're subscribing must implement the [`EventEmitter`] trait.
3859    /// The callback will be invoked with a reference to the current view, a handle to the emitting entity (either a [`View`] or [`Model`]), the event, and a view context for the current view.
3860    pub fn subscribe<V2, E, Evt>(
3861        &mut self,
3862        entity: &E,
3863        mut on_event: impl FnMut(&mut V, E, &Evt, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
3864    ) -> Subscription
3865    where
3866        V2: EventEmitter<Evt>,
3867        E: Entity<V2>,
3868        Evt: 'static,
3869    {
3870        let view = self.view().downgrade();
3871        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
3872        let handle = entity.downgrade();
3873        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
3874        self.app.new_subscription(
3875            entity_id,
3876            (
3877                TypeId::of::<Evt>(),
3878                Box::new(move |event, cx| {
3879                    window_handle
3880                        .update(cx, |_, cx| {
3881                            if let Some(handle) = E::upgrade_from(&handle) {
3882                                let event = event.downcast_ref().expect("invalid event type");
3883                                view.update(cx, |this, cx| on_event(this, handle, event, cx))
3884                                    .is_ok()
3885                            } else {
3886                                false
3887                            }
3888                        })
3889                        .unwrap_or(false)
3890                }),
3891            ),
3892        )
3893    }
3894
3895    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the view is released.
3896    ///
3897    /// The callback receives a handle to the view's window. This handle may be
3898    /// invalid, if the window was closed before the view was released.
3899    pub fn on_release(
3900        &mut self,
3901        on_release: impl FnOnce(&mut V, AnyWindowHandle, &mut AppContext) + 'static,
3902    ) -> Subscription {
3903        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
3904        let (subscription, activate) = self.app.release_listeners.insert(
3905            self.view.model.entity_id,
3906            Box::new(move |this, cx| {
3907                let this = this.downcast_mut().expect("invalid entity type");
3908                on_release(this, window_handle, cx)
3909            }),
3910        );
3911        activate();
3912        subscription
3913    }
3914
3915    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the given Model or View is released.
3916    pub fn observe_release<V2, E>(
3917        &mut self,
3918        entity: &E,
3919        mut on_release: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut V2, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
3920    ) -> Subscription
3921    where
3922        V: 'static,
3923        V2: 'static,
3924        E: Entity<V2>,
3925    {
3926        let view = self.view().downgrade();
3927        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
3928        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
3929        let (subscription, activate) = self.app.release_listeners.insert(
3930            entity_id,
3931            Box::new(move |entity, cx| {
3932                let entity = entity.downcast_mut().expect("invalid entity type");
3933                let _ = window_handle.update(cx, |_, cx| {
3934                    view.update(cx, |this, cx| on_release(this, entity, cx))
3935                });
3936            }),
3937        );
3938        activate();
3939        subscription
3940    }
3941
3942    /// Indicate that this view has changed, which will invoke any observers and also mark the window as dirty.
3943    /// If this view or any of its ancestors are *cached*, notifying it will cause it or its ancestors to be redrawn.
3944    pub fn notify(&mut self) {
3945        self.window_cx.notify(self.view.entity_id());
3946    }
3947
3948    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the window is resized.
3949    pub fn observe_window_bounds(
3950        &mut self,
3951        mut callback: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
3952    ) -> Subscription {
3953        let view = self.view.downgrade();
3954        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.bounds_observers.insert(
3955            (),
3956            Box::new(move |cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| callback(view, cx)).is_ok()),
3957        );
3958        activate();
3959        subscription
3960    }
3961
3962    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the window is activated or deactivated.
3963    pub fn observe_window_activation(
3964        &mut self,
3965        mut callback: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
3966    ) -> Subscription {
3967        let view = self.view.downgrade();
3968        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.activation_observers.insert(
3969            (),
3970            Box::new(move |cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| callback(view, cx)).is_ok()),
3971        );
3972        activate();
3973        subscription
3974    }
3975
3976    /// Registers a callback to be invoked when the window appearance changes.
3977    pub fn observe_window_appearance(
3978        &mut self,
3979        mut callback: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
3980    ) -> Subscription {
3981        let view = self.view.downgrade();
3982        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.appearance_observers.insert(
3983            (),
3984            Box::new(move |cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| callback(view, cx)).is_ok()),
3985        );
3986        activate();
3987        subscription
3988    }
3989
3990    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle receives focus.
3991    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
3992    pub fn on_focus(
3993        &mut self,
3994        handle: &FocusHandle,
3995        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
3996    ) -> Subscription {
3997        let view = self.view.downgrade();
3998        let focus_id = handle.id;
3999        let (subscription, activate) =
4000            self.window.new_focus_listener(Box::new(move |event, cx| {
4001                view.update(cx, |view, cx| {
4002                    if event.previous_focus_path.last() != Some(&focus_id)
4003                        && event.current_focus_path.last() == Some(&focus_id)
4004                    {
4005                        listener(view, cx)
4006                    }
4007                })
4008                .is_ok()
4009            }));
4010        self.app.defer(|_| activate());
4011        subscription
4012    }
4013
4014    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle or one of its descendants receives focus.
4015    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
4016    pub fn on_focus_in(
4017        &mut self,
4018        handle: &FocusHandle,
4019        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4020    ) -> Subscription {
4021        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4022        let focus_id = handle.id;
4023        let (subscription, activate) =
4024            self.window.new_focus_listener(Box::new(move |event, cx| {
4025                view.update(cx, |view, cx| {
4026                    if !event.previous_focus_path.contains(&focus_id)
4027                        && event.current_focus_path.contains(&focus_id)
4028                    {
4029                        listener(view, cx)
4030                    }
4031                })
4032                .is_ok()
4033            }));
4034        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
4035        subscription
4036    }
4037
4038    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle loses focus.
4039    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
4040    pub fn on_blur(
4041        &mut self,
4042        handle: &FocusHandle,
4043        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4044    ) -> Subscription {
4045        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4046        let focus_id = handle.id;
4047        let (subscription, activate) =
4048            self.window.new_focus_listener(Box::new(move |event, cx| {
4049                view.update(cx, |view, cx| {
4050                    if event.previous_focus_path.last() == Some(&focus_id)
4051                        && event.current_focus_path.last() != Some(&focus_id)
4052                    {
4053                        listener(view, cx)
4054                    }
4055                })
4056                .is_ok()
4057            }));
4058        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
4059        subscription
4060    }
4061
4062    /// Register a listener to be called when nothing in the window has focus.
4063    /// This typically happens when the node that was focused is removed from the tree,
4064    /// and this callback lets you chose a default place to restore the users focus.
4065    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
4066    pub fn on_focus_lost(
4067        &mut self,
4068        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4069    ) -> Subscription {
4070        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4071        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.focus_lost_listeners.insert(
4072            (),
4073            Box::new(move |cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| listener(view, cx)).is_ok()),
4074        );
4075        activate();
4076        subscription
4077    }
4078
4079    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle or one of its descendants loses focus.
4080    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
4081    pub fn on_focus_out(
4082        &mut self,
4083        handle: &FocusHandle,
4084        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4085    ) -> Subscription {
4086        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4087        let focus_id = handle.id;
4088        let (subscription, activate) =
4089            self.window.new_focus_listener(Box::new(move |event, cx| {
4090                view.update(cx, |view, cx| {
4091                    if event.previous_focus_path.contains(&focus_id)
4092                        && !event.current_focus_path.contains(&focus_id)
4093                    {
4094                        listener(view, cx)
4095                    }
4096                })
4097                .is_ok()
4098            }));
4099        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
4100        subscription
4101    }
4102
4103    /// Schedule a future to be run asynchronously.
4104    /// The given callback is invoked with a [`WeakView<V>`] to avoid leaking the view for a long-running process.
4105    /// It's also given an [`AsyncWindowContext`], which can be used to access the state of the view across await points.
4106    /// The returned future will be polled on the main thread.
4107    pub fn spawn<Fut, R>(
4108        &mut self,
4109        f: impl FnOnce(WeakView<V>, AsyncWindowContext) -> Fut,
4110    ) -> Task<R>
4111    where
4112        R: 'static,
4113        Fut: Future<Output = R> + 'static,
4114    {
4115        let view = self.view().downgrade();
4116        self.window_cx.spawn(|cx| f(view, cx))
4117    }
4118
4119    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the given global state changes.
4120    pub fn observe_global<G: Global>(
4121        &mut self,
4122        mut f: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
4123    ) -> Subscription {
4124        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
4125        let view = self.view().downgrade();
4126        let (subscription, activate) = self.global_observers.insert(
4127            TypeId::of::<G>(),
4128            Box::new(move |cx| {
4129                window_handle
4130                    .update(cx, |_, cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| f(view, cx)).is_ok())
4131                    .unwrap_or(false)
4132            }),
4133        );
4134        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
4135        subscription
4136    }
4137
4138    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the given Action type is dispatched to the window.
4139    pub fn on_action(
4140        &mut self,
4141        action_type: TypeId,
4142        listener: impl Fn(&mut V, &dyn Any, DispatchPhase, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4143    ) {
4144        let handle = self.view().clone();
4145        self.window_cx
4146            .on_action(action_type, move |action, phase, cx| {
4147                handle.update(cx, |view, cx| {
4148                    listener(view, action, phase, cx);
4149                })
4150            });
4151    }
4152
4153    /// Emit an event to be handled any other views that have subscribed via [ViewContext::subscribe].
4154    pub fn emit<Evt>(&mut self, event: Evt)
4155    where
4156        Evt: 'static,
4157        V: EventEmitter<Evt>,
4158    {
4159        let emitter = self.view.model.entity_id;
4160        self.app.push_effect(Effect::Emit {
4161            emitter,
4162            event_type: TypeId::of::<Evt>(),
4163            event: Box::new(event),
4164        });
4165    }
4166
4167    /// Move focus to the current view, assuming it implements [`FocusableView`].
4168    pub fn focus_self(&mut self)
4169    where
4170        V: FocusableView,
4171    {
4172        self.defer(|view, cx| view.focus_handle(cx).focus(cx))
4173    }
4174
4175    /// Convenience method for accessing view state in an event callback.
4176    ///
4177    /// Many GPUI callbacks take the form of `Fn(&E, &mut WindowContext)`,
4178    /// but it's often useful to be able to access view state in these
4179    /// callbacks. This method provides a convenient way to do so.
4180    pub fn listener<E>(
4181        &self,
4182        f: impl Fn(&mut V, &E, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4183    ) -> impl Fn(&E, &mut WindowContext) + 'static {
4184        let view = self.view().downgrade();
4185        move |e: &E, cx: &mut WindowContext| {
4186            view.update(cx, |view, cx| f(view, e, cx)).ok();
4187        }
4188    }
4189}
4190
4191impl<V> Context for ViewContext<'_, V> {
4192    type Result<U> = U;
4193
4194    fn new_model<T: 'static>(
4195        &mut self,
4196        build_model: impl FnOnce(&mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> T,
4197    ) -> Model<T> {
4198        self.window_cx.new_model(build_model)
4199    }
4200
4201    fn reserve_model<T: 'static>(&mut self) -> Self::Result<crate::Reservation<T>> {
4202        self.window_cx.reserve_model()
4203    }
4204
4205    fn insert_model<T: 'static>(
4206        &mut self,
4207        reservation: crate::Reservation<T>,
4208        build_model: impl FnOnce(&mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> T,
4209    ) -> Self::Result<Model<T>> {
4210        self.window_cx.insert_model(reservation, build_model)
4211    }
4212
4213    fn update_model<T: 'static, R>(
4214        &mut self,
4215        model: &Model<T>,
4216        update: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> R,
4217    ) -> R {
4218        self.window_cx.update_model(model, update)
4219    }
4220
4221    fn read_model<T, R>(
4222        &self,
4223        handle: &Model<T>,
4224        read: impl FnOnce(&T, &AppContext) -> R,
4225    ) -> Self::Result<R>
4226    where
4227        T: 'static,
4228    {
4229        self.window_cx.read_model(handle, read)
4230    }
4231
4232    fn update_window<T, F>(&mut self, window: AnyWindowHandle, update: F) -> Result<T>
4233    where
4234        F: FnOnce(AnyView, &mut WindowContext<'_>) -> T,
4235    {
4236        self.window_cx.update_window(window, update)
4237    }
4238
4239    fn read_window<T, R>(
4240        &self,
4241        window: &WindowHandle<T>,
4242        read: impl FnOnce(View<T>, &AppContext) -> R,
4243    ) -> Result<R>
4244    where
4245        T: 'static,
4246    {
4247        self.window_cx.read_window(window, read)
4248    }
4249}
4250
4251impl<V: 'static> VisualContext for ViewContext<'_, V> {
4252    fn new_view<W: Render + 'static>(
4253        &mut self,
4254        build_view_state: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, W>) -> W,
4255    ) -> Self::Result<View<W>> {
4256        self.window_cx.new_view(build_view_state)
4257    }
4258
4259    fn update_view<V2: 'static, R>(
4260        &mut self,
4261        view: &View<V2>,
4262        update: impl FnOnce(&mut V2, &mut ViewContext<'_, V2>) -> R,
4263    ) -> Self::Result<R> {
4264        self.window_cx.update_view(view, update)
4265    }
4266
4267    fn replace_root_view<W>(
4268        &mut self,
4269        build_view: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, W>) -> W,
4270    ) -> Self::Result<View<W>>
4271    where
4272        W: 'static + Render,
4273    {
4274        self.window_cx.replace_root_view(build_view)
4275    }
4276
4277    fn focus_view<W: FocusableView>(&mut self, view: &View<W>) -> Self::Result<()> {
4278        self.window_cx.focus_view(view)
4279    }
4280
4281    fn dismiss_view<W: ManagedView>(&mut self, view: &View<W>) -> Self::Result<()> {
4282        self.window_cx.dismiss_view(view)
4283    }
4284}
4285
4286impl<'a, V> std::ops::Deref for ViewContext<'a, V> {
4287    type Target = WindowContext<'a>;
4288
4289    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
4290        &self.window_cx
4291    }
4292}
4293
4294impl<'a, V> std::ops::DerefMut for ViewContext<'a, V> {
4295    fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
4296        &mut self.window_cx
4297    }
4298}
4299
4300// #[derive(Clone, Copy, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
4301slotmap::new_key_type! {
4302    /// A unique identifier for a window.
4303    pub struct WindowId;
4304}
4305
4306impl WindowId {
4307    /// Converts this window ID to a `u64`.
4308    pub fn as_u64(&self) -> u64 {
4309        self.0.as_ffi()
4310    }
4311}
4312
4313/// A handle to a window with a specific root view type.
4314/// Note that this does not keep the window alive on its own.
4315#[derive(Deref, DerefMut)]
4316pub struct WindowHandle<V> {
4317    #[deref]
4318    #[deref_mut]
4319    pub(crate) any_handle: AnyWindowHandle,
4320    state_type: PhantomData<V>,
4321}
4322
4323impl<V: 'static + Render> WindowHandle<V> {
4324    /// Creates a new handle from a window ID.
4325    /// This does not check if the root type of the window is `V`.
4326    pub fn new(id: WindowId) -> Self {
4327        WindowHandle {
4328            any_handle: AnyWindowHandle {
4329                id,
4330                state_type: TypeId::of::<V>(),
4331            },
4332            state_type: PhantomData,
4333        }
4334    }
4335
4336    /// Get the root view out of this window.
4337    ///
4338    /// This will fail if the window is closed or if the root view's type does not match `V`.
4339    pub fn root<C>(&self, cx: &mut C) -> Result<View<V>>
4340    where
4341        C: Context,
4342    {
4343        Flatten::flatten(cx.update_window(self.any_handle, |root_view, _| {
4344            root_view
4345                .downcast::<V>()
4346                .map_err(|_| anyhow!("the type of the window's root view has changed"))
4347        }))
4348    }
4349
4350    /// Updates the root view of this window.
4351    ///
4352    /// This will fail if the window has been closed or if the root view's type does not match
4353    pub fn update<C, R>(
4354        &self,
4355        cx: &mut C,
4356        update: impl FnOnce(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) -> R,
4357    ) -> Result<R>
4358    where
4359        C: Context,
4360    {
4361        cx.update_window(self.any_handle, |root_view, cx| {
4362            let view = root_view
4363                .downcast::<V>()
4364                .map_err(|_| anyhow!("the type of the window's root view has changed"))?;
4365            Ok(cx.update_view(&view, update))
4366        })?
4367    }
4368
4369    /// Read the root view out of this window.
4370    ///
4371    /// This will fail if the window is closed or if the root view's type does not match `V`.
4372    pub fn read<'a>(&self, cx: &'a AppContext) -> Result<&'a V> {
4373        let x = cx
4374            .windows
4375            .get(self.id)
4376            .and_then(|window| {
4377                window
4378                    .as_ref()
4379                    .and_then(|window| window.root_view.clone())
4380                    .map(|root_view| root_view.downcast::<V>())
4381            })
4382            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("window not found"))?
4383            .map_err(|_| anyhow!("the type of the window's root view has changed"))?;
4384
4385        Ok(x.read(cx))
4386    }
4387
4388    /// Read the root view out of this window, with a callback
4389    ///
4390    /// This will fail if the window is closed or if the root view's type does not match `V`.
4391    pub fn read_with<C, R>(&self, cx: &C, read_with: impl FnOnce(&V, &AppContext) -> R) -> Result<R>
4392    where
4393        C: Context,
4394    {
4395        cx.read_window(self, |root_view, cx| read_with(root_view.read(cx), cx))
4396    }
4397
4398    /// Read the root view pointer off of this window.
4399    ///
4400    /// This will fail if the window is closed or if the root view's type does not match `V`.
4401    pub fn root_view<C>(&self, cx: &C) -> Result<View<V>>
4402    where
4403        C: Context,
4404    {
4405        cx.read_window(self, |root_view, _cx| root_view.clone())
4406    }
4407
4408    /// Check if this window is 'active'.
4409    ///
4410    /// Will return `None` if the window is closed or currently
4411    /// borrowed.
4412    pub fn is_active(&self, cx: &mut AppContext) -> Option<bool> {
4413        cx.update_window(self.any_handle, |_, cx| cx.is_window_active())
4414            .ok()
4415    }
4416}
4417
4418impl<V> Copy for WindowHandle<V> {}
4419
4420impl<V> Clone for WindowHandle<V> {
4421    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
4422        *self
4423    }
4424}
4425
4426impl<V> PartialEq for WindowHandle<V> {
4427    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
4428        self.any_handle == other.any_handle
4429    }
4430}
4431
4432impl<V> Eq for WindowHandle<V> {}
4433
4434impl<V> Hash for WindowHandle<V> {
4435    fn hash<H: Hasher>(&self, state: &mut H) {
4436        self.any_handle.hash(state);
4437    }
4438}
4439
4440impl<V: 'static> From<WindowHandle<V>> for AnyWindowHandle {
4441    fn from(val: WindowHandle<V>) -> Self {
4442        val.any_handle
4443    }
4444}
4445
4446/// A handle to a window with any root view type, which can be downcast to a window with a specific root view type.
4447#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
4448pub struct AnyWindowHandle {
4449    pub(crate) id: WindowId,
4450    state_type: TypeId,
4451}
4452
4453impl AnyWindowHandle {
4454    /// Get the ID of this window.
4455    pub fn window_id(&self) -> WindowId {
4456        self.id
4457    }
4458
4459    /// Attempt to convert this handle to a window handle with a specific root view type.
4460    /// If the types do not match, this will return `None`.
4461    pub fn downcast<T: 'static>(&self) -> Option<WindowHandle<T>> {
4462        if TypeId::of::<T>() == self.state_type {
4463            Some(WindowHandle {
4464                any_handle: *self,
4465                state_type: PhantomData,
4466            })
4467        } else {
4468            None
4469        }
4470    }
4471
4472    /// Updates the state of the root view of this window.
4473    ///
4474    /// This will fail if the window has been closed.
4475    pub fn update<C, R>(
4476        self,
4477        cx: &mut C,
4478        update: impl FnOnce(AnyView, &mut WindowContext<'_>) -> R,
4479    ) -> Result<R>
4480    where
4481        C: Context,
4482    {
4483        cx.update_window(self, update)
4484    }
4485
4486    /// Read the state of the root view of this window.
4487    ///
4488    /// This will fail if the window has been closed.
4489    pub fn read<T, C, R>(self, cx: &C, read: impl FnOnce(View<T>, &AppContext) -> R) -> Result<R>
4490    where
4491        C: Context,
4492        T: 'static,
4493    {
4494        let view = self
4495            .downcast::<T>()
4496            .context("the type of the window's root view has changed")?;
4497
4498        cx.read_window(&view, read)
4499    }
4500}
4501
4502/// An identifier for an [`Element`](crate::Element).
4503///
4504/// Can be constructed with a string, a number, or both, as well
4505/// as other internal representations.
4506#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
4507pub enum ElementId {
4508    /// The ID of a View element
4509    View(EntityId),
4510    /// An integer ID.
4511    Integer(usize),
4512    /// A string based ID.
4513    Name(SharedString),
4514    /// An ID that's equated with a focus handle.
4515    FocusHandle(FocusId),
4516    /// A combination of a name and an integer.
4517    NamedInteger(SharedString, usize),
4518}
4519
4520impl Display for ElementId {
4521    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
4522        match self {
4523            ElementId::View(entity_id) => write!(f, "view-{}", entity_id)?,
4524            ElementId::Integer(ix) => write!(f, "{}", ix)?,
4525            ElementId::Name(name) => write!(f, "{}", name)?,
4526            ElementId::FocusHandle(_) => write!(f, "FocusHandle")?,
4527            ElementId::NamedInteger(s, i) => write!(f, "{}-{}", s, i)?,
4528        }
4529
4530        Ok(())
4531    }
4532}
4533
4534impl TryInto<SharedString> for ElementId {
4535    type Error = anyhow::Error;
4536
4537    fn try_into(self) -> anyhow::Result<SharedString> {
4538        if let ElementId::Name(name) = self {
4539            Ok(name)
4540        } else {
4541            Err(anyhow!("element id is not string"))
4542        }
4543    }
4544}
4545
4546impl From<usize> for ElementId {
4547    fn from(id: usize) -> Self {
4548        ElementId::Integer(id)
4549    }
4550}
4551
4552impl From<i32> for ElementId {
4553    fn from(id: i32) -> Self {
4554        Self::Integer(id as usize)
4555    }
4556}
4557
4558impl From<SharedString> for ElementId {
4559    fn from(name: SharedString) -> Self {
4560        ElementId::Name(name)
4561    }
4562}
4563
4564impl From<&'static str> for ElementId {
4565    fn from(name: &'static str) -> Self {
4566        ElementId::Name(name.into())
4567    }
4568}
4569
4570impl<'a> From<&'a FocusHandle> for ElementId {
4571    fn from(handle: &'a FocusHandle) -> Self {
4572        ElementId::FocusHandle(handle.id)
4573    }
4574}
4575
4576impl From<(&'static str, EntityId)> for ElementId {
4577    fn from((name, id): (&'static str, EntityId)) -> Self {
4578        ElementId::NamedInteger(name.into(), id.as_u64() as usize)
4579    }
4580}
4581
4582impl From<(&'static str, usize)> for ElementId {
4583    fn from((name, id): (&'static str, usize)) -> Self {
4584        ElementId::NamedInteger(name.into(), id)
4585    }
4586}
4587
4588impl From<(&'static str, u64)> for ElementId {
4589    fn from((name, id): (&'static str, u64)) -> Self {
4590        ElementId::NamedInteger(name.into(), id as usize)
4591    }
4592}
4593
4594impl From<(&'static str, u32)> for ElementId {
4595    fn from((name, id): (&'static str, u32)) -> Self {
4596        ElementId::NamedInteger(name.into(), id as usize)
4597    }
4598}
4599
4600/// A rectangle to be rendered in the window at the given position and size.
4601/// Passed as an argument [`WindowContext::paint_quad`].
4602#[derive(Clone)]
4603pub struct PaintQuad {
4604    /// The bounds of the quad within the window.
4605    pub bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
4606    /// The radii of the quad's corners.
4607    pub corner_radii: Corners<Pixels>,
4608    /// The background color of the quad.
4609    pub background: Hsla,
4610    /// The widths of the quad's borders.
4611    pub border_widths: Edges<Pixels>,
4612    /// The color of the quad's borders.
4613    pub border_color: Hsla,
4614}
4615
4616impl PaintQuad {
4617    /// Sets the corner radii of the quad.
4618    pub fn corner_radii(self, corner_radii: impl Into<Corners<Pixels>>) -> Self {
4619        PaintQuad {
4620            corner_radii: corner_radii.into(),
4621            ..self
4622        }
4623    }
4624
4625    /// Sets the border widths of the quad.
4626    pub fn border_widths(self, border_widths: impl Into<Edges<Pixels>>) -> Self {
4627        PaintQuad {
4628            border_widths: border_widths.into(),
4629            ..self
4630        }
4631    }
4632
4633    /// Sets the border color of the quad.
4634    pub fn border_color(self, border_color: impl Into<Hsla>) -> Self {
4635        PaintQuad {
4636            border_color: border_color.into(),
4637            ..self
4638        }
4639    }
4640
4641    /// Sets the background color of the quad.
4642    pub fn background(self, background: impl Into<Hsla>) -> Self {
4643        PaintQuad {
4644            background: background.into(),
4645            ..self
4646        }
4647    }
4648}
4649
4650/// Creates a quad with the given parameters.
4651pub fn quad(
4652    bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
4653    corner_radii: impl Into<Corners<Pixels>>,
4654    background: impl Into<Hsla>,
4655    border_widths: impl Into<Edges<Pixels>>,
4656    border_color: impl Into<Hsla>,
4657) -> PaintQuad {
4658    PaintQuad {
4659        bounds,
4660        corner_radii: corner_radii.into(),
4661        background: background.into(),
4662        border_widths: border_widths.into(),
4663        border_color: border_color.into(),
4664    }
4665}
4666
4667/// Creates a filled quad with the given bounds and background color.
4668pub fn fill(bounds: impl Into<Bounds<Pixels>>, background: impl Into<Hsla>) -> PaintQuad {
4669    PaintQuad {
4670        bounds: bounds.into(),
4671        corner_radii: (0.).into(),
4672        background: background.into(),
4673        border_widths: (0.).into(),
4674        border_color: transparent_black(),
4675    }
4676}
4677
4678/// Creates a rectangle outline with the given bounds, border color, and a 1px border width
4679pub fn outline(bounds: impl Into<Bounds<Pixels>>, border_color: impl Into<Hsla>) -> PaintQuad {
4680    PaintQuad {
4681        bounds: bounds.into(),
4682        corner_radii: (0.).into(),
4683        background: transparent_black(),
4684        border_widths: (1.).into(),
4685        border_color: border_color.into(),
4686    }
4687}