window.rs

   1use crate::{
   2    point, prelude::*, px, size, transparent_black, Action, AnyDrag, AnyElement, AnyTooltip,
   3    AnyView, AppContext, Arena, Asset, AsyncWindowContext, AvailableSpace, Bounds, BoxShadow,
   4    Context, Corners, CursorStyle, Decorations, DevicePixels, DispatchActionListener,
   5    DispatchNodeId, DispatchTree, DisplayId, Edges, Effect, Entity, EntityId, EventEmitter,
   6    FileDropEvent, Flatten, FontId, GPUSpecs, Global, GlobalElementId, GlyphId, Hsla, InputHandler,
   7    IsZero, KeyBinding, KeyContext, KeyDownEvent, KeyEvent, Keystroke, KeystrokeEvent, LayoutId,
   8    LineLayoutIndex, Model, ModelContext, Modifiers, ModifiersChangedEvent, MonochromeSprite,
   9    MouseButton, MouseEvent, MouseMoveEvent, MouseUpEvent, Path, Pixels, PlatformAtlas,
  10    PlatformDisplay, PlatformInput, PlatformInputHandler, PlatformWindow, Point, PolychromeSprite,
  11    PromptLevel, Quad, Render, RenderGlyphParams, RenderImage, RenderImageParams, RenderSvgParams,
  12    Replay, ResizeEdge, ScaledPixels, Scene, Shadow, SharedString, Size, StrikethroughStyle, Style,
  13    SubscriberSet, Subscription, TaffyLayoutEngine, Task, TextStyle, TextStyleRefinement,
  14    TransformationMatrix, Underline, UnderlineStyle, View, VisualContext, WeakView,
  15    WindowAppearance, WindowBackgroundAppearance, WindowBounds, WindowControls, WindowDecorations,
  16    WindowOptions, WindowParams, WindowTextSystem, SUBPIXEL_VARIANTS,
  17};
  18use anyhow::{anyhow, Context as _, Result};
  19use collections::{FxHashMap, FxHashSet};
  20use derive_more::{Deref, DerefMut};
  21use futures::channel::oneshot;
  22use futures::FutureExt;
  23#[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
  24use media::core_video::CVImageBuffer;
  25use parking_lot::RwLock;
  26use refineable::Refineable;
  27use slotmap::SlotMap;
  28use smallvec::SmallVec;
  29use std::{
  30    any::{Any, TypeId},
  31    borrow::{Borrow, BorrowMut, Cow},
  32    cell::{Cell, RefCell},
  33    cmp,
  34    fmt::{Debug, Display},
  35    future::Future,
  36    hash::{Hash, Hasher},
  37    marker::PhantomData,
  38    mem,
  39    ops::Range,
  40    rc::Rc,
  41    sync::{
  42        atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering::SeqCst},
  43        Arc, Weak,
  44    },
  45    time::{Duration, Instant},
  46};
  47use util::post_inc;
  48use util::{measure, ResultExt};
  49use uuid::Uuid;
  50
  51mod prompts;
  52
  53pub use prompts::*;
  54
  55pub(crate) const DEFAULT_WINDOW_SIZE: Size<Pixels> = size(px(1024.), px(700.));
  56
  57/// Represents the two different phases when dispatching events.
  58#[derive(Default, Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
  59pub enum DispatchPhase {
  60    /// After the capture phase comes the bubble phase, in which mouse event listeners are
  61    /// invoked front to back and keyboard event listeners are invoked from the focused element
  62    /// to the root of the element tree. This is the phase you'll most commonly want to use when
  63    /// registering event listeners.
  64    #[default]
  65    Bubble,
  66    /// During the initial capture phase, mouse event listeners are invoked back to front, and keyboard
  67    /// listeners are invoked from the root of the tree downward toward the focused element. This phase
  68    /// is used for special purposes such as clearing the "pressed" state for click events. If
  69    /// you stop event propagation during this phase, you need to know what you're doing. Handlers
  70    /// outside of the immediate region may rely on detecting non-local events during this phase.
  71    Capture,
  72}
  73
  74impl DispatchPhase {
  75    /// Returns true if this represents the "bubble" phase.
  76    pub fn bubble(self) -> bool {
  77        self == DispatchPhase::Bubble
  78    }
  79
  80    /// Returns true if this represents the "capture" phase.
  81    pub fn capture(self) -> bool {
  82        self == DispatchPhase::Capture
  83    }
  84}
  85
  86type AnyObserver = Box<dyn FnMut(&mut WindowContext) -> bool + 'static>;
  87
  88type AnyWindowFocusListener =
  89    Box<dyn FnMut(&WindowFocusEvent, &mut WindowContext) -> bool + 'static>;
  90
  91struct WindowFocusEvent {
  92    previous_focus_path: SmallVec<[FocusId; 8]>,
  93    current_focus_path: SmallVec<[FocusId; 8]>,
  94}
  95
  96impl WindowFocusEvent {
  97    pub fn is_focus_in(&self, focus_id: FocusId) -> bool {
  98        !self.previous_focus_path.contains(&focus_id) && self.current_focus_path.contains(&focus_id)
  99    }
 100
 101    pub fn is_focus_out(&self, focus_id: FocusId) -> bool {
 102        self.previous_focus_path.contains(&focus_id) && !self.current_focus_path.contains(&focus_id)
 103    }
 104}
 105
 106/// This is provided when subscribing for `ViewContext::on_focus_out` events.
 107pub struct FocusOutEvent {
 108    /// A weak focus handle representing what was blurred.
 109    pub blurred: WeakFocusHandle,
 110}
 111
 112slotmap::new_key_type! {
 113    /// A globally unique identifier for a focusable element.
 114    pub struct FocusId;
 115}
 116
 117thread_local! {
 118    /// 8MB wasn't quite enough...
 119    pub(crate) static ELEMENT_ARENA: RefCell<Arena> = RefCell::new(Arena::new(32 * 1024 * 1024));
 120}
 121
 122impl FocusId {
 123    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle is currently focused.
 124    pub fn is_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 125        cx.window.focus == Some(*self)
 126    }
 127
 128    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle contains the focused
 129    /// element or is itself focused.
 130    pub fn contains_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 131        cx.focused()
 132            .map_or(false, |focused| self.contains(focused.id, cx))
 133    }
 134
 135    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle is contained within the
 136    /// focused element or is itself focused.
 137    pub fn within_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 138        let focused = cx.focused();
 139        focused.map_or(false, |focused| focused.id.contains(*self, cx))
 140    }
 141
 142    /// Obtains whether this handle contains the given handle in the most recently rendered frame.
 143    pub(crate) fn contains(&self, other: Self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 144        cx.window
 145            .rendered_frame
 146            .dispatch_tree
 147            .focus_contains(*self, other)
 148    }
 149}
 150
 151/// A handle which can be used to track and manipulate the focused element in a window.
 152pub struct FocusHandle {
 153    pub(crate) id: FocusId,
 154    handles: Arc<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>,
 155}
 156
 157impl std::fmt::Debug for FocusHandle {
 158    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
 159        f.write_fmt(format_args!("FocusHandle({:?})", self.id))
 160    }
 161}
 162
 163impl FocusHandle {
 164    pub(crate) fn new(handles: &Arc<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>) -> Self {
 165        let id = handles.write().insert(AtomicUsize::new(1));
 166        Self {
 167            id,
 168            handles: handles.clone(),
 169        }
 170    }
 171
 172    pub(crate) fn for_id(
 173        id: FocusId,
 174        handles: &Arc<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>,
 175    ) -> Option<Self> {
 176        let lock = handles.read();
 177        let ref_count = lock.get(id)?;
 178        if ref_count.load(SeqCst) == 0 {
 179            None
 180        } else {
 181            ref_count.fetch_add(1, SeqCst);
 182            Some(Self {
 183                id,
 184                handles: handles.clone(),
 185            })
 186        }
 187    }
 188
 189    /// Converts this focus handle into a weak variant, which does not prevent it from being released.
 190    pub fn downgrade(&self) -> WeakFocusHandle {
 191        WeakFocusHandle {
 192            id: self.id,
 193            handles: Arc::downgrade(&self.handles),
 194        }
 195    }
 196
 197    /// Moves the focus to the element associated with this handle.
 198    pub fn focus(&self, cx: &mut WindowContext) {
 199        cx.focus(self)
 200    }
 201
 202    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle is currently focused.
 203    pub fn is_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 204        self.id.is_focused(cx)
 205    }
 206
 207    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle contains the focused
 208    /// element or is itself focused.
 209    pub fn contains_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 210        self.id.contains_focused(cx)
 211    }
 212
 213    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle is contained within the
 214    /// focused element or is itself focused.
 215    pub fn within_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 216        self.id.within_focused(cx)
 217    }
 218
 219    /// Obtains whether this handle contains the given handle in the most recently rendered frame.
 220    pub fn contains(&self, other: &Self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 221        self.id.contains(other.id, cx)
 222    }
 223
 224    /// Dispatch an action on the element that rendered this focus handle
 225    pub fn dispatch_action(&self, action: &dyn Action, cx: &mut WindowContext) {
 226        if let Some(node_id) = cx
 227            .window
 228            .rendered_frame
 229            .dispatch_tree
 230            .focusable_node_id(self.id)
 231        {
 232            cx.dispatch_action_on_node(node_id, action)
 233        }
 234    }
 235}
 236
 237impl Clone for FocusHandle {
 238    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
 239        Self::for_id(self.id, &self.handles).unwrap()
 240    }
 241}
 242
 243impl PartialEq for FocusHandle {
 244    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
 245        self.id == other.id
 246    }
 247}
 248
 249impl Eq for FocusHandle {}
 250
 251impl Drop for FocusHandle {
 252    fn drop(&mut self) {
 253        self.handles
 254            .read()
 255            .get(self.id)
 256            .unwrap()
 257            .fetch_sub(1, SeqCst);
 258    }
 259}
 260
 261/// A weak reference to a focus handle.
 262#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 263pub struct WeakFocusHandle {
 264    pub(crate) id: FocusId,
 265    handles: Weak<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>,
 266}
 267
 268impl WeakFocusHandle {
 269    /// Attempts to upgrade the [WeakFocusHandle] to a [FocusHandle].
 270    pub fn upgrade(&self) -> Option<FocusHandle> {
 271        let handles = self.handles.upgrade()?;
 272        FocusHandle::for_id(self.id, &handles)
 273    }
 274}
 275
 276impl PartialEq for WeakFocusHandle {
 277    fn eq(&self, other: &WeakFocusHandle) -> bool {
 278        self.id == other.id
 279    }
 280}
 281
 282impl Eq for WeakFocusHandle {}
 283
 284impl PartialEq<FocusHandle> for WeakFocusHandle {
 285    fn eq(&self, other: &FocusHandle) -> bool {
 286        self.id == other.id
 287    }
 288}
 289
 290impl PartialEq<WeakFocusHandle> for FocusHandle {
 291    fn eq(&self, other: &WeakFocusHandle) -> bool {
 292        self.id == other.id
 293    }
 294}
 295
 296/// FocusableView allows users of your view to easily
 297/// focus it (using cx.focus_view(view))
 298pub trait FocusableView: 'static + Render {
 299    /// Returns the focus handle associated with this view.
 300    fn focus_handle(&self, cx: &AppContext) -> FocusHandle;
 301}
 302
 303/// ManagedView is a view (like a Modal, Popover, Menu, etc.)
 304/// where the lifecycle of the view is handled by another view.
 305pub trait ManagedView: FocusableView + EventEmitter<DismissEvent> {}
 306
 307impl<M: FocusableView + EventEmitter<DismissEvent>> ManagedView for M {}
 308
 309/// Emitted by implementers of [`ManagedView`] to indicate the view should be dismissed, such as when a view is presented as a modal.
 310pub struct DismissEvent;
 311
 312type FrameCallback = Box<dyn FnOnce(&mut WindowContext)>;
 313
 314pub(crate) type AnyMouseListener =
 315    Box<dyn FnMut(&dyn Any, DispatchPhase, &mut WindowContext) + 'static>;
 316
 317#[derive(Clone)]
 318pub(crate) struct CursorStyleRequest {
 319    pub(crate) hitbox_id: HitboxId,
 320    pub(crate) style: CursorStyle,
 321}
 322
 323/// An identifier for a [Hitbox].
 324#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Default, Eq, PartialEq)]
 325pub struct HitboxId(usize);
 326
 327impl HitboxId {
 328    /// Checks if the hitbox with this id is currently hovered.
 329    pub fn is_hovered(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 330        cx.window.mouse_hit_test.0.contains(self)
 331    }
 332}
 333
 334/// A rectangular region that potentially blocks hitboxes inserted prior.
 335/// See [WindowContext::insert_hitbox] for more details.
 336#[derive(Clone, Debug, Deref)]
 337pub struct Hitbox {
 338    /// A unique identifier for the hitbox.
 339    pub id: HitboxId,
 340    /// The bounds of the hitbox.
 341    #[deref]
 342    pub bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
 343    /// The content mask when the hitbox was inserted.
 344    pub content_mask: ContentMask<Pixels>,
 345    /// Whether the hitbox occludes other hitboxes inserted prior.
 346    pub opaque: bool,
 347}
 348
 349impl Hitbox {
 350    /// Checks if the hitbox is currently hovered.
 351    pub fn is_hovered(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 352        self.id.is_hovered(cx)
 353    }
 354}
 355
 356#[derive(Default, Eq, PartialEq)]
 357pub(crate) struct HitTest(SmallVec<[HitboxId; 8]>);
 358
 359/// An identifier for a tooltip.
 360#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Default, Eq, PartialEq)]
 361pub struct TooltipId(usize);
 362
 363impl TooltipId {
 364    /// Checks if the tooltip is currently hovered.
 365    pub fn is_hovered(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 366        cx.window
 367            .tooltip_bounds
 368            .as_ref()
 369            .map_or(false, |tooltip_bounds| {
 370                tooltip_bounds.id == *self && tooltip_bounds.bounds.contains(&cx.mouse_position())
 371            })
 372    }
 373}
 374
 375pub(crate) struct TooltipBounds {
 376    id: TooltipId,
 377    bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
 378}
 379
 380#[derive(Clone)]
 381pub(crate) struct TooltipRequest {
 382    id: TooltipId,
 383    tooltip: AnyTooltip,
 384}
 385
 386pub(crate) struct DeferredDraw {
 387    priority: usize,
 388    parent_node: DispatchNodeId,
 389    element_id_stack: SmallVec<[ElementId; 32]>,
 390    text_style_stack: Vec<TextStyleRefinement>,
 391    element: Option<AnyElement>,
 392    absolute_offset: Point<Pixels>,
 393    prepaint_range: Range<PrepaintStateIndex>,
 394    paint_range: Range<PaintIndex>,
 395}
 396
 397pub(crate) struct Frame {
 398    pub(crate) focus: Option<FocusId>,
 399    pub(crate) window_active: bool,
 400    pub(crate) element_states: FxHashMap<(GlobalElementId, TypeId), ElementStateBox>,
 401    accessed_element_states: Vec<(GlobalElementId, TypeId)>,
 402    pub(crate) mouse_listeners: Vec<Option<AnyMouseListener>>,
 403    pub(crate) dispatch_tree: DispatchTree,
 404    pub(crate) scene: Scene,
 405    pub(crate) hitboxes: Vec<Hitbox>,
 406    pub(crate) deferred_draws: Vec<DeferredDraw>,
 407    pub(crate) input_handlers: Vec<Option<PlatformInputHandler>>,
 408    pub(crate) tooltip_requests: Vec<Option<TooltipRequest>>,
 409    pub(crate) cursor_styles: Vec<CursorStyleRequest>,
 410    #[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-support"))]
 411    pub(crate) debug_bounds: FxHashMap<String, Bounds<Pixels>>,
 412}
 413
 414#[derive(Clone, Default)]
 415pub(crate) struct PrepaintStateIndex {
 416    hitboxes_index: usize,
 417    tooltips_index: usize,
 418    deferred_draws_index: usize,
 419    dispatch_tree_index: usize,
 420    accessed_element_states_index: usize,
 421    line_layout_index: LineLayoutIndex,
 422}
 423
 424#[derive(Clone, Default)]
 425pub(crate) struct PaintIndex {
 426    scene_index: usize,
 427    mouse_listeners_index: usize,
 428    input_handlers_index: usize,
 429    cursor_styles_index: usize,
 430    accessed_element_states_index: usize,
 431    line_layout_index: LineLayoutIndex,
 432}
 433
 434impl Frame {
 435    pub(crate) fn new(dispatch_tree: DispatchTree) -> Self {
 436        Frame {
 437            focus: None,
 438            window_active: false,
 439            element_states: FxHashMap::default(),
 440            accessed_element_states: Vec::new(),
 441            mouse_listeners: Vec::new(),
 442            dispatch_tree,
 443            scene: Scene::default(),
 444            hitboxes: Vec::new(),
 445            deferred_draws: Vec::new(),
 446            input_handlers: Vec::new(),
 447            tooltip_requests: Vec::new(),
 448            cursor_styles: Vec::new(),
 449
 450            #[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-support"))]
 451            debug_bounds: FxHashMap::default(),
 452        }
 453    }
 454
 455    pub(crate) fn clear(&mut self) {
 456        self.element_states.clear();
 457        self.accessed_element_states.clear();
 458        self.mouse_listeners.clear();
 459        self.dispatch_tree.clear();
 460        self.scene.clear();
 461        self.input_handlers.clear();
 462        self.tooltip_requests.clear();
 463        self.cursor_styles.clear();
 464        self.hitboxes.clear();
 465        self.deferred_draws.clear();
 466        self.focus = None;
 467    }
 468
 469    pub(crate) fn hit_test(&self, position: Point<Pixels>) -> HitTest {
 470        let mut hit_test = HitTest::default();
 471        for hitbox in self.hitboxes.iter().rev() {
 472            let bounds = hitbox.bounds.intersect(&hitbox.content_mask.bounds);
 473            if bounds.contains(&position) {
 474                hit_test.0.push(hitbox.id);
 475                if hitbox.opaque {
 476                    break;
 477                }
 478            }
 479        }
 480        hit_test
 481    }
 482
 483    pub(crate) fn focus_path(&self) -> SmallVec<[FocusId; 8]> {
 484        self.focus
 485            .map(|focus_id| self.dispatch_tree.focus_path(focus_id))
 486            .unwrap_or_default()
 487    }
 488
 489    pub(crate) fn finish(&mut self, prev_frame: &mut Self) {
 490        for element_state_key in &self.accessed_element_states {
 491            if let Some((element_state_key, element_state)) =
 492                prev_frame.element_states.remove_entry(element_state_key)
 493            {
 494                self.element_states.insert(element_state_key, element_state);
 495            }
 496        }
 497
 498        self.scene.finish();
 499    }
 500}
 501
 502// Holds the state for a specific window.
 503#[doc(hidden)]
 504pub struct Window {
 505    pub(crate) handle: AnyWindowHandle,
 506    pub(crate) removed: bool,
 507    pub(crate) platform_window: Box<dyn PlatformWindow>,
 508    display_id: Option<DisplayId>,
 509    sprite_atlas: Arc<dyn PlatformAtlas>,
 510    text_system: Arc<WindowTextSystem>,
 511    rem_size: Pixels,
 512    /// The stack of override values for the window's rem size.
 513    ///
 514    /// This is used by `with_rem_size` to allow rendering an element tree with
 515    /// a given rem size.
 516    rem_size_override_stack: SmallVec<[Pixels; 8]>,
 517    pub(crate) viewport_size: Size<Pixels>,
 518    layout_engine: Option<TaffyLayoutEngine>,
 519    pub(crate) root_view: Option<AnyView>,
 520    pub(crate) element_id_stack: SmallVec<[ElementId; 32]>,
 521    pub(crate) text_style_stack: Vec<TextStyleRefinement>,
 522    pub(crate) element_offset_stack: Vec<Point<Pixels>>,
 523    pub(crate) element_opacity: Option<f32>,
 524    pub(crate) content_mask_stack: Vec<ContentMask<Pixels>>,
 525    pub(crate) requested_autoscroll: Option<Bounds<Pixels>>,
 526    pub(crate) rendered_frame: Frame,
 527    pub(crate) next_frame: Frame,
 528    pub(crate) next_hitbox_id: HitboxId,
 529    pub(crate) next_tooltip_id: TooltipId,
 530    pub(crate) tooltip_bounds: Option<TooltipBounds>,
 531    next_frame_callbacks: Rc<RefCell<Vec<FrameCallback>>>,
 532    pub(crate) dirty_views: FxHashSet<EntityId>,
 533    pub(crate) focus_handles: Arc<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>,
 534    focus_listeners: SubscriberSet<(), AnyWindowFocusListener>,
 535    focus_lost_listeners: SubscriberSet<(), AnyObserver>,
 536    default_prevented: bool,
 537    mouse_position: Point<Pixels>,
 538    mouse_hit_test: HitTest,
 539    modifiers: Modifiers,
 540    scale_factor: f32,
 541    bounds_observers: SubscriberSet<(), AnyObserver>,
 542    appearance: WindowAppearance,
 543    appearance_observers: SubscriberSet<(), AnyObserver>,
 544    active: Rc<Cell<bool>>,
 545    hovered: Rc<Cell<bool>>,
 546    pub(crate) dirty: Rc<Cell<bool>>,
 547    pub(crate) needs_present: Rc<Cell<bool>>,
 548    pub(crate) last_input_timestamp: Rc<Cell<Instant>>,
 549    pub(crate) refreshing: bool,
 550    pub(crate) draw_phase: DrawPhase,
 551    activation_observers: SubscriberSet<(), AnyObserver>,
 552    pub(crate) focus: Option<FocusId>,
 553    focus_enabled: bool,
 554    pending_input: Option<PendingInput>,
 555    pending_modifier: ModifierState,
 556    pending_input_observers: SubscriberSet<(), AnyObserver>,
 557    prompt: Option<RenderablePromptHandle>,
 558}
 559
 560#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default)]
 561struct ModifierState {
 562    modifiers: Modifiers,
 563    saw_keystroke: bool,
 564}
 565
 566#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
 567pub(crate) enum DrawPhase {
 568    None,
 569    Prepaint,
 570    Paint,
 571    Focus,
 572}
 573
 574#[derive(Default, Debug)]
 575struct PendingInput {
 576    keystrokes: SmallVec<[Keystroke; 1]>,
 577    focus: Option<FocusId>,
 578    timer: Option<Task<()>>,
 579}
 580
 581pub(crate) struct ElementStateBox {
 582    pub(crate) inner: Box<dyn Any>,
 583    #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
 584    pub(crate) type_name: &'static str,
 585}
 586
 587fn default_bounds(display_id: Option<DisplayId>, cx: &mut AppContext) -> Bounds<Pixels> {
 588    const DEFAULT_WINDOW_OFFSET: Point<Pixels> = point(px(0.), px(35.));
 589
 590    cx.active_window()
 591        .and_then(|w| w.update(cx, |_, cx| cx.bounds()).ok())
 592        .map(|mut bounds| {
 593            bounds.origin += DEFAULT_WINDOW_OFFSET;
 594            bounds
 595        })
 596        .unwrap_or_else(|| {
 597            let display = display_id
 598                .map(|id| cx.find_display(id))
 599                .unwrap_or_else(|| cx.primary_display());
 600
 601            display
 602                .map(|display| display.default_bounds())
 603                .unwrap_or_else(|| Bounds::new(point(px(0.), px(0.)), DEFAULT_WINDOW_SIZE))
 604        })
 605}
 606
 607impl Window {
 608    pub(crate) fn new(
 609        handle: AnyWindowHandle,
 610        options: WindowOptions,
 611        cx: &mut AppContext,
 612    ) -> Result<Self> {
 613        let WindowOptions {
 614            window_bounds,
 615            titlebar,
 616            focus,
 617            show,
 618            kind,
 619            is_movable,
 620            display_id,
 621            window_background,
 622            app_id,
 623            window_min_size,
 624            window_decorations,
 625        } = options;
 626
 627        let bounds = window_bounds
 628            .map(|bounds| bounds.get_bounds())
 629            .unwrap_or_else(|| default_bounds(display_id, cx));
 630        let mut platform_window = cx.platform.open_window(
 631            handle,
 632            WindowParams {
 633                bounds,
 634                titlebar,
 635                kind,
 636                is_movable,
 637                focus,
 638                show,
 639                display_id,
 640                window_min_size,
 641            },
 642        )?;
 643        let display_id = platform_window.display().map(|display| display.id());
 644        let sprite_atlas = platform_window.sprite_atlas();
 645        let mouse_position = platform_window.mouse_position();
 646        let modifiers = platform_window.modifiers();
 647        let content_size = platform_window.content_size();
 648        let scale_factor = platform_window.scale_factor();
 649        let appearance = platform_window.appearance();
 650        let text_system = Arc::new(WindowTextSystem::new(cx.text_system().clone()));
 651        let dirty = Rc::new(Cell::new(true));
 652        let active = Rc::new(Cell::new(platform_window.is_active()));
 653        let hovered = Rc::new(Cell::new(platform_window.is_hovered()));
 654        let needs_present = Rc::new(Cell::new(false));
 655        let next_frame_callbacks: Rc<RefCell<Vec<FrameCallback>>> = Default::default();
 656        let last_input_timestamp = Rc::new(Cell::new(Instant::now()));
 657
 658        platform_window
 659            .request_decorations(window_decorations.unwrap_or(WindowDecorations::Server));
 660        platform_window.set_background_appearance(window_background);
 661
 662        if let Some(ref window_open_state) = window_bounds {
 663            match window_open_state {
 664                WindowBounds::Fullscreen(_) => platform_window.toggle_fullscreen(),
 665                WindowBounds::Maximized(_) => platform_window.zoom(),
 666                WindowBounds::Windowed(_) => {}
 667            }
 668        }
 669
 670        platform_window.on_close(Box::new({
 671            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 672            move || {
 673                let _ = handle.update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.remove_window());
 674            }
 675        }));
 676        platform_window.on_request_frame(Box::new({
 677            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 678            let dirty = dirty.clone();
 679            let active = active.clone();
 680            let needs_present = needs_present.clone();
 681            let next_frame_callbacks = next_frame_callbacks.clone();
 682            let last_input_timestamp = last_input_timestamp.clone();
 683            move || {
 684                let next_frame_callbacks = next_frame_callbacks.take();
 685                if !next_frame_callbacks.is_empty() {
 686                    handle
 687                        .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| {
 688                            for callback in next_frame_callbacks {
 689                                callback(cx);
 690                            }
 691                        })
 692                        .log_err();
 693                }
 694
 695                // Keep presenting the current scene for 1 extra second since the
 696                // last input to prevent the display from underclocking the refresh rate.
 697                let needs_present = needs_present.get()
 698                    || (active.get()
 699                        && last_input_timestamp.get().elapsed() < Duration::from_secs(1));
 700
 701                if dirty.get() {
 702                    measure("frame duration", || {
 703                        handle
 704                            .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| {
 705                                cx.draw();
 706                                cx.present();
 707                            })
 708                            .log_err();
 709                    })
 710                } else if needs_present {
 711                    handle.update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.present()).log_err();
 712                }
 713
 714                handle
 715                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| {
 716                        cx.complete_frame();
 717                    })
 718                    .log_err();
 719            }
 720        }));
 721        platform_window.on_resize(Box::new({
 722            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 723            move |_, _| {
 724                handle
 725                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.bounds_changed())
 726                    .log_err();
 727            }
 728        }));
 729        platform_window.on_moved(Box::new({
 730            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 731            move || {
 732                handle
 733                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.bounds_changed())
 734                    .log_err();
 735            }
 736        }));
 737        platform_window.on_appearance_changed(Box::new({
 738            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 739            move || {
 740                handle
 741                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.appearance_changed())
 742                    .log_err();
 743            }
 744        }));
 745        platform_window.on_active_status_change(Box::new({
 746            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 747            move |active| {
 748                handle
 749                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| {
 750                        cx.window.active.set(active);
 751                        cx.window
 752                            .activation_observers
 753                            .clone()
 754                            .retain(&(), |callback| callback(cx));
 755                        cx.refresh();
 756                    })
 757                    .log_err();
 758            }
 759        }));
 760        platform_window.on_hover_status_change(Box::new({
 761            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 762            move |active| {
 763                handle
 764                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| {
 765                        cx.window.hovered.set(active);
 766                        cx.refresh();
 767                    })
 768                    .log_err();
 769            }
 770        }));
 771        platform_window.on_input({
 772            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 773            Box::new(move |event| {
 774                handle
 775                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.dispatch_event(event))
 776                    .log_err()
 777                    .unwrap_or(DispatchEventResult::default())
 778            })
 779        });
 780
 781        if let Some(app_id) = app_id {
 782            platform_window.set_app_id(&app_id);
 783        }
 784
 785        Ok(Window {
 786            handle,
 787            removed: false,
 788            platform_window,
 789            display_id,
 790            sprite_atlas,
 791            text_system,
 792            rem_size: px(16.),
 793            rem_size_override_stack: SmallVec::new(),
 794            viewport_size: content_size,
 795            layout_engine: Some(TaffyLayoutEngine::new()),
 796            root_view: None,
 797            element_id_stack: SmallVec::default(),
 798            text_style_stack: Vec::new(),
 799            element_offset_stack: Vec::new(),
 800            content_mask_stack: Vec::new(),
 801            element_opacity: None,
 802            requested_autoscroll: None,
 803            rendered_frame: Frame::new(DispatchTree::new(cx.keymap.clone(), cx.actions.clone())),
 804            next_frame: Frame::new(DispatchTree::new(cx.keymap.clone(), cx.actions.clone())),
 805            next_frame_callbacks,
 806            next_hitbox_id: HitboxId::default(),
 807            next_tooltip_id: TooltipId::default(),
 808            tooltip_bounds: None,
 809            dirty_views: FxHashSet::default(),
 810            focus_handles: Arc::new(RwLock::new(SlotMap::with_key())),
 811            focus_listeners: SubscriberSet::new(),
 812            focus_lost_listeners: SubscriberSet::new(),
 813            default_prevented: true,
 814            mouse_position,
 815            mouse_hit_test: HitTest::default(),
 816            modifiers,
 817            scale_factor,
 818            bounds_observers: SubscriberSet::new(),
 819            appearance,
 820            appearance_observers: SubscriberSet::new(),
 821            active,
 822            hovered,
 823            dirty,
 824            needs_present,
 825            last_input_timestamp,
 826            refreshing: false,
 827            draw_phase: DrawPhase::None,
 828            activation_observers: SubscriberSet::new(),
 829            focus: None,
 830            focus_enabled: true,
 831            pending_input: None,
 832            pending_modifier: ModifierState::default(),
 833            pending_input_observers: SubscriberSet::new(),
 834            prompt: None,
 835        })
 836    }
 837    fn new_focus_listener(
 838        &mut self,
 839        value: AnyWindowFocusListener,
 840    ) -> (Subscription, impl FnOnce()) {
 841        self.focus_listeners.insert((), value)
 842    }
 843}
 844
 845#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
 846pub(crate) struct DispatchEventResult {
 847    pub propagate: bool,
 848    pub default_prevented: bool,
 849}
 850
 851/// Indicates which region of the window is visible. Content falling outside of this mask will not be
 852/// rendered. Currently, only rectangular content masks are supported, but we give the mask its own type
 853/// to leave room to support more complex shapes in the future.
 854#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
 855#[repr(C)]
 856pub struct ContentMask<P: Clone + Default + Debug> {
 857    /// The bounds
 858    pub bounds: Bounds<P>,
 859}
 860
 861impl ContentMask<Pixels> {
 862    /// Scale the content mask's pixel units by the given scaling factor.
 863    pub fn scale(&self, factor: f32) -> ContentMask<ScaledPixels> {
 864        ContentMask {
 865            bounds: self.bounds.scale(factor),
 866        }
 867    }
 868
 869    /// Intersect the content mask with the given content mask.
 870    pub fn intersect(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
 871        let bounds = self.bounds.intersect(&other.bounds);
 872        ContentMask { bounds }
 873    }
 874}
 875
 876/// Provides access to application state in the context of a single window. Derefs
 877/// to an [`AppContext`], so you can also pass a [`WindowContext`] to any method that takes
 878/// an [`AppContext`] and call any [`AppContext`] methods.
 879pub struct WindowContext<'a> {
 880    pub(crate) app: &'a mut AppContext,
 881    pub(crate) window: &'a mut Window,
 882}
 883
 884impl<'a> WindowContext<'a> {
 885    pub(crate) fn new(app: &'a mut AppContext, window: &'a mut Window) -> Self {
 886        Self { app, window }
 887    }
 888
 889    /// Obtain a handle to the window that belongs to this context.
 890    pub fn window_handle(&self) -> AnyWindowHandle {
 891        self.window.handle
 892    }
 893
 894    /// Mark the window as dirty, scheduling it to be redrawn on the next frame.
 895    pub fn refresh(&mut self) {
 896        if self.window.draw_phase == DrawPhase::None {
 897            self.window.refreshing = true;
 898            self.window.dirty.set(true);
 899        }
 900    }
 901
 902    /// Indicate that this view has changed, which will invoke any observers and also mark the window as dirty.
 903    /// If this view or any of its ancestors are *cached*, notifying it will cause it or its ancestors to be redrawn.
 904    pub fn notify(&mut self, view_id: EntityId) {
 905        for view_id in self
 906            .window
 907            .rendered_frame
 908            .dispatch_tree
 909            .view_path(view_id)
 910            .into_iter()
 911            .rev()
 912        {
 913            if !self.window.dirty_views.insert(view_id) {
 914                break;
 915            }
 916        }
 917
 918        if self.window.draw_phase == DrawPhase::None {
 919            self.window.dirty.set(true);
 920            self.app.push_effect(Effect::Notify { emitter: view_id });
 921        }
 922    }
 923
 924    /// Close this window.
 925    pub fn remove_window(&mut self) {
 926        self.window.removed = true;
 927    }
 928
 929    /// Obtain a new [`FocusHandle`], which allows you to track and manipulate the keyboard focus
 930    /// for elements rendered within this window.
 931    pub fn focus_handle(&mut self) -> FocusHandle {
 932        FocusHandle::new(&self.window.focus_handles)
 933    }
 934
 935    /// Obtain the currently focused [`FocusHandle`]. If no elements are focused, returns `None`.
 936    pub fn focused(&self) -> Option<FocusHandle> {
 937        self.window
 938            .focus
 939            .and_then(|id| FocusHandle::for_id(id, &self.window.focus_handles))
 940    }
 941
 942    /// Move focus to the element associated with the given [`FocusHandle`].
 943    pub fn focus(&mut self, handle: &FocusHandle) {
 944        if !self.window.focus_enabled || self.window.focus == Some(handle.id) {
 945            return;
 946        }
 947
 948        self.window.focus = Some(handle.id);
 949        self.clear_pending_keystrokes();
 950        self.refresh();
 951    }
 952
 953    /// Remove focus from all elements within this context's window.
 954    pub fn blur(&mut self) {
 955        if !self.window.focus_enabled {
 956            return;
 957        }
 958
 959        self.window.focus = None;
 960        self.refresh();
 961    }
 962
 963    /// Blur the window and don't allow anything in it to be focused again.
 964    pub fn disable_focus(&mut self) {
 965        self.blur();
 966        self.window.focus_enabled = false;
 967    }
 968
 969    /// Accessor for the text system.
 970    pub fn text_system(&self) -> &Arc<WindowTextSystem> {
 971        &self.window.text_system
 972    }
 973
 974    /// The current text style. Which is composed of all the style refinements provided to `with_text_style`.
 975    pub fn text_style(&self) -> TextStyle {
 976        let mut style = TextStyle::default();
 977        for refinement in &self.window.text_style_stack {
 978            style.refine(refinement);
 979        }
 980        style
 981    }
 982
 983    /// Check if the platform window is maximized
 984    /// On some platforms (namely Windows) this is different than the bounds being the size of the display
 985    pub fn is_maximized(&self) -> bool {
 986        self.window.platform_window.is_maximized()
 987    }
 988
 989    /// request a certain window decoration (Wayland)
 990    pub fn request_decorations(&self, decorations: WindowDecorations) {
 991        self.window.platform_window.request_decorations(decorations);
 992    }
 993
 994    /// Start a window resize operation (Wayland)
 995    pub fn start_window_resize(&self, edge: ResizeEdge) {
 996        self.window.platform_window.start_window_resize(edge);
 997    }
 998
 999    /// Return the `WindowBounds` to indicate that how a window should be opened
1000    /// after it has been closed
1001    pub fn window_bounds(&self) -> WindowBounds {
1002        self.window.platform_window.window_bounds()
1003    }
1004
1005    /// Dispatch the given action on the currently focused element.
1006    pub fn dispatch_action(&mut self, action: Box<dyn Action>) {
1007        let focus_handle = self.focused();
1008
1009        let window = self.window.handle;
1010        self.app.defer(move |cx| {
1011            window
1012                .update(cx, |_, cx| {
1013                    let node_id = focus_handle
1014                        .and_then(|handle| {
1015                            cx.window
1016                                .rendered_frame
1017                                .dispatch_tree
1018                                .focusable_node_id(handle.id)
1019                        })
1020                        .unwrap_or_else(|| cx.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
1021
1022                    cx.dispatch_action_on_node(node_id, action.as_ref());
1023                })
1024                .log_err();
1025        })
1026    }
1027
1028    pub(crate) fn dispatch_keystroke_observers(
1029        &mut self,
1030        event: &dyn Any,
1031        action: Option<Box<dyn Action>>,
1032    ) {
1033        let Some(key_down_event) = event.downcast_ref::<KeyDownEvent>() else {
1034            return;
1035        };
1036
1037        self.keystroke_observers
1038            .clone()
1039            .retain(&(), move |callback| {
1040                (callback)(
1041                    &KeystrokeEvent {
1042                        keystroke: key_down_event.keystroke.clone(),
1043                        action: action.as_ref().map(|action| action.boxed_clone()),
1044                    },
1045                    self,
1046                );
1047                true
1048            });
1049    }
1050
1051    /// Schedules the given function to be run at the end of the current effect cycle, allowing entities
1052    /// that are currently on the stack to be returned to the app.
1053    pub fn defer(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut WindowContext) + 'static) {
1054        let handle = self.window.handle;
1055        self.app.defer(move |cx| {
1056            handle.update(cx, |_, cx| f(cx)).ok();
1057        });
1058    }
1059
1060    /// Subscribe to events emitted by a model or view.
1061    /// The entity to which you're subscribing must implement the [`EventEmitter`] trait.
1062    /// The callback will be invoked a handle to the emitting entity (either a [`View`] or [`Model`]), the event, and a window context for the current window.
1063    pub fn observe<E, T>(
1064        &mut self,
1065        entity: &E,
1066        mut on_notify: impl FnMut(E, &mut WindowContext<'_>) + 'static,
1067    ) -> Subscription
1068    where
1069        E: Entity<T>,
1070    {
1071        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
1072        let entity = entity.downgrade();
1073        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
1074        self.app.new_observer(
1075            entity_id,
1076            Box::new(move |cx| {
1077                window_handle
1078                    .update(cx, |_, cx| {
1079                        if let Some(handle) = E::upgrade_from(&entity) {
1080                            on_notify(handle, cx);
1081                            true
1082                        } else {
1083                            false
1084                        }
1085                    })
1086                    .unwrap_or(false)
1087            }),
1088        )
1089    }
1090
1091    /// Subscribe to events emitted by a model or view.
1092    /// The entity to which you're subscribing must implement the [`EventEmitter`] trait.
1093    /// The callback will be invoked a handle to the emitting entity (either a [`View`] or [`Model`]), the event, and a window context for the current window.
1094    pub fn subscribe<Emitter, E, Evt>(
1095        &mut self,
1096        entity: &E,
1097        mut on_event: impl FnMut(E, &Evt, &mut WindowContext<'_>) + 'static,
1098    ) -> Subscription
1099    where
1100        Emitter: EventEmitter<Evt>,
1101        E: Entity<Emitter>,
1102        Evt: 'static,
1103    {
1104        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
1105        let entity = entity.downgrade();
1106        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
1107        self.app.new_subscription(
1108            entity_id,
1109            (
1110                TypeId::of::<Evt>(),
1111                Box::new(move |event, cx| {
1112                    window_handle
1113                        .update(cx, |_, cx| {
1114                            if let Some(handle) = E::upgrade_from(&entity) {
1115                                let event = event.downcast_ref().expect("invalid event type");
1116                                on_event(handle, event, cx);
1117                                true
1118                            } else {
1119                                false
1120                            }
1121                        })
1122                        .unwrap_or(false)
1123                }),
1124            ),
1125        )
1126    }
1127
1128    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the given Model or View is released.
1129    pub fn observe_release<E, T>(
1130        &mut self,
1131        entity: &E,
1132        mut on_release: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut WindowContext) + 'static,
1133    ) -> Subscription
1134    where
1135        E: Entity<T>,
1136        T: 'static,
1137    {
1138        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
1139        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
1140        let (subscription, activate) = self.app.release_listeners.insert(
1141            entity_id,
1142            Box::new(move |entity, cx| {
1143                let entity = entity.downcast_mut().expect("invalid entity type");
1144                let _ = window_handle.update(cx, |_, cx| on_release(entity, cx));
1145            }),
1146        );
1147        activate();
1148        subscription
1149    }
1150
1151    /// Creates an [`AsyncWindowContext`], which has a static lifetime and can be held across
1152    /// await points in async code.
1153    pub fn to_async(&self) -> AsyncWindowContext {
1154        AsyncWindowContext::new(self.app.to_async(), self.window.handle)
1155    }
1156
1157    /// Schedule the given closure to be run directly after the current frame is rendered.
1158    pub fn on_next_frame(&mut self, callback: impl FnOnce(&mut WindowContext) + 'static) {
1159        RefCell::borrow_mut(&self.window.next_frame_callbacks).push(Box::new(callback));
1160    }
1161
1162    /// Schedule a frame to be drawn on the next animation frame.
1163    ///
1164    /// This is useful for elements that need to animate continuously, such as a video player or an animated GIF.
1165    /// It will cause the window to redraw on the next frame, even if no other changes have occurred.
1166    ///
1167    /// If called from within a view, it will notify that view on the next frame. Otherwise, it will refresh the entire window.
1168    pub fn request_animation_frame(&mut self) {
1169        let parent_id = self.parent_view_id();
1170        self.on_next_frame(move |cx| {
1171            if let Some(parent_id) = parent_id {
1172                cx.notify(parent_id)
1173            } else {
1174                cx.refresh()
1175            }
1176        });
1177    }
1178
1179    /// Spawn the future returned by the given closure on the application thread pool.
1180    /// The closure is provided a handle to the current window and an `AsyncWindowContext` for
1181    /// use within your future.
1182    pub fn spawn<Fut, R>(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(AsyncWindowContext) -> Fut) -> Task<R>
1183    where
1184        R: 'static,
1185        Fut: Future<Output = R> + 'static,
1186    {
1187        self.app
1188            .spawn(|app| f(AsyncWindowContext::new(app, self.window.handle)))
1189    }
1190
1191    fn bounds_changed(&mut self) {
1192        self.window.scale_factor = self.window.platform_window.scale_factor();
1193        self.window.viewport_size = self.window.platform_window.content_size();
1194        self.window.display_id = self
1195            .window
1196            .platform_window
1197            .display()
1198            .map(|display| display.id());
1199
1200        self.refresh();
1201
1202        self.window
1203            .bounds_observers
1204            .clone()
1205            .retain(&(), |callback| callback(self));
1206    }
1207
1208    /// Returns the bounds of the current window in the global coordinate space, which could span across multiple displays.
1209    pub fn bounds(&self) -> Bounds<Pixels> {
1210        self.window.platform_window.bounds()
1211    }
1212
1213    /// Returns whether or not the window is currently fullscreen
1214    pub fn is_fullscreen(&self) -> bool {
1215        self.window.platform_window.is_fullscreen()
1216    }
1217
1218    pub(crate) fn appearance_changed(&mut self) {
1219        self.window.appearance = self.window.platform_window.appearance();
1220
1221        self.window
1222            .appearance_observers
1223            .clone()
1224            .retain(&(), |callback| callback(self));
1225    }
1226
1227    /// Returns the appearance of the current window.
1228    pub fn appearance(&self) -> WindowAppearance {
1229        self.window.appearance
1230    }
1231
1232    /// Returns the size of the drawable area within the window.
1233    pub fn viewport_size(&self) -> Size<Pixels> {
1234        self.window.viewport_size
1235    }
1236
1237    /// Returns whether this window is focused by the operating system (receiving key events).
1238    pub fn is_window_active(&self) -> bool {
1239        self.window.active.get()
1240    }
1241
1242    /// Returns whether this window is considered to be the window
1243    /// that currently owns the mouse cursor.
1244    /// On mac, this is equivalent to `is_window_active`.
1245    pub fn is_window_hovered(&self) -> bool {
1246        if cfg!(target_os = "linux") {
1247            self.window.hovered.get()
1248        } else {
1249            self.is_window_active()
1250        }
1251    }
1252
1253    /// Toggle zoom on the window.
1254    pub fn zoom_window(&self) {
1255        self.window.platform_window.zoom();
1256    }
1257
1258    /// Opens the native title bar context menu, useful when implementing client side decorations (Wayland and X11)
1259    pub fn show_window_menu(&self, position: Point<Pixels>) {
1260        self.window.platform_window.show_window_menu(position)
1261    }
1262
1263    /// Tells the compositor to take control of window movement (Wayland and X11)
1264    ///
1265    /// Events may not be received during a move operation.
1266    pub fn start_window_move(&self) {
1267        self.window.platform_window.start_window_move()
1268    }
1269
1270    /// When using client side decorations, set this to the width of the invisible decorations (Wayland and X11)
1271    pub fn set_client_inset(&self, inset: Pixels) {
1272        self.window.platform_window.set_client_inset(inset);
1273    }
1274
1275    /// Returns whether the title bar window controls need to be rendered by the application (Wayland and X11)
1276    pub fn window_decorations(&self) -> Decorations {
1277        self.window.platform_window.window_decorations()
1278    }
1279
1280    /// Returns which window controls are currently visible (Wayland)
1281    pub fn window_controls(&self) -> WindowControls {
1282        self.window.platform_window.window_controls()
1283    }
1284
1285    /// Updates the window's title at the platform level.
1286    pub fn set_window_title(&mut self, title: &str) {
1287        self.window.platform_window.set_title(title);
1288    }
1289
1290    /// Sets the application identifier.
1291    pub fn set_app_id(&mut self, app_id: &str) {
1292        self.window.platform_window.set_app_id(app_id);
1293    }
1294
1295    /// Sets the window background appearance.
1296    pub fn set_background_appearance(&self, background_appearance: WindowBackgroundAppearance) {
1297        self.window
1298            .platform_window
1299            .set_background_appearance(background_appearance);
1300    }
1301
1302    /// Mark the window as dirty at the platform level.
1303    pub fn set_window_edited(&mut self, edited: bool) {
1304        self.window.platform_window.set_edited(edited);
1305    }
1306
1307    /// Determine the display on which the window is visible.
1308    pub fn display(&self) -> Option<Rc<dyn PlatformDisplay>> {
1309        self.platform
1310            .displays()
1311            .into_iter()
1312            .find(|display| Some(display.id()) == self.window.display_id)
1313    }
1314
1315    /// Show the platform character palette.
1316    pub fn show_character_palette(&self) {
1317        self.window.platform_window.show_character_palette();
1318    }
1319
1320    /// The scale factor of the display associated with the window. For example, it could
1321    /// return 2.0 for a "retina" display, indicating that each logical pixel should actually
1322    /// be rendered as two pixels on screen.
1323    pub fn scale_factor(&self) -> f32 {
1324        self.window.scale_factor
1325    }
1326
1327    /// The size of an em for the base font of the application. Adjusting this value allows the
1328    /// UI to scale, just like zooming a web page.
1329    pub fn rem_size(&self) -> Pixels {
1330        self.window
1331            .rem_size_override_stack
1332            .last()
1333            .copied()
1334            .unwrap_or(self.window.rem_size)
1335    }
1336
1337    /// Sets the size of an em for the base font of the application. Adjusting this value allows the
1338    /// UI to scale, just like zooming a web page.
1339    pub fn set_rem_size(&mut self, rem_size: impl Into<Pixels>) {
1340        self.window.rem_size = rem_size.into();
1341    }
1342
1343    /// Executes the provided function with the specified rem size.
1344    ///
1345    /// This method must only be called as part of element drawing.
1346    pub fn with_rem_size<F, R>(&mut self, rem_size: Option<impl Into<Pixels>>, f: F) -> R
1347    where
1348        F: FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1349    {
1350        debug_assert!(
1351            matches!(
1352                self.window.draw_phase,
1353                DrawPhase::Prepaint | DrawPhase::Paint
1354            ),
1355            "this method can only be called during request_layout, prepaint, or paint"
1356        );
1357
1358        if let Some(rem_size) = rem_size {
1359            self.window.rem_size_override_stack.push(rem_size.into());
1360            let result = f(self);
1361            self.window.rem_size_override_stack.pop();
1362            result
1363        } else {
1364            f(self)
1365        }
1366    }
1367
1368    /// The line height associated with the current text style.
1369    pub fn line_height(&self) -> Pixels {
1370        self.text_style().line_height_in_pixels(self.rem_size())
1371    }
1372
1373    /// Call to prevent the default action of an event. Currently only used to prevent
1374    /// parent elements from becoming focused on mouse down.
1375    pub fn prevent_default(&mut self) {
1376        self.window.default_prevented = true;
1377    }
1378
1379    /// Obtain whether default has been prevented for the event currently being dispatched.
1380    pub fn default_prevented(&self) -> bool {
1381        self.window.default_prevented
1382    }
1383
1384    /// Determine whether the given action is available along the dispatch path to the currently focused element.
1385    pub fn is_action_available(&self, action: &dyn Action) -> bool {
1386        let target = self
1387            .focused()
1388            .and_then(|focused_handle| {
1389                self.window
1390                    .rendered_frame
1391                    .dispatch_tree
1392                    .focusable_node_id(focused_handle.id)
1393            })
1394            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
1395        self.window
1396            .rendered_frame
1397            .dispatch_tree
1398            .is_action_available(action, target)
1399    }
1400
1401    /// The position of the mouse relative to the window.
1402    pub fn mouse_position(&self) -> Point<Pixels> {
1403        self.window.mouse_position
1404    }
1405
1406    /// The current state of the keyboard's modifiers
1407    pub fn modifiers(&self) -> Modifiers {
1408        self.window.modifiers
1409    }
1410
1411    fn complete_frame(&self) {
1412        self.window.platform_window.completed_frame();
1413    }
1414
1415    /// Produces a new frame and assigns it to `rendered_frame`. To actually show
1416    /// the contents of the new [Scene], use [present].
1417    #[profiling::function]
1418    pub fn draw(&mut self) {
1419        self.window.dirty.set(false);
1420        self.window.requested_autoscroll = None;
1421
1422        // Restore the previously-used input handler.
1423        if let Some(input_handler) = self.window.platform_window.take_input_handler() {
1424            self.window
1425                .rendered_frame
1426                .input_handlers
1427                .push(Some(input_handler));
1428        }
1429
1430        self.draw_roots();
1431        self.window.dirty_views.clear();
1432        self.window.next_frame.window_active = self.window.active.get();
1433
1434        // Register requested input handler with the platform window.
1435        if let Some(input_handler) = self.window.next_frame.input_handlers.pop() {
1436            self.window
1437                .platform_window
1438                .set_input_handler(input_handler.unwrap());
1439        }
1440
1441        self.window.layout_engine.as_mut().unwrap().clear();
1442        self.text_system().finish_frame();
1443        self.window
1444            .next_frame
1445            .finish(&mut self.window.rendered_frame);
1446        ELEMENT_ARENA.with_borrow_mut(|element_arena| {
1447            let percentage = (element_arena.len() as f32 / element_arena.capacity() as f32) * 100.;
1448            if percentage >= 80. {
1449                log::warn!("elevated element arena occupation: {}.", percentage);
1450            }
1451            element_arena.clear();
1452        });
1453
1454        self.window.draw_phase = DrawPhase::Focus;
1455        let previous_focus_path = self.window.rendered_frame.focus_path();
1456        let previous_window_active = self.window.rendered_frame.window_active;
1457        mem::swap(&mut self.window.rendered_frame, &mut self.window.next_frame);
1458        self.window.next_frame.clear();
1459        let current_focus_path = self.window.rendered_frame.focus_path();
1460        let current_window_active = self.window.rendered_frame.window_active;
1461
1462        if previous_focus_path != current_focus_path
1463            || previous_window_active != current_window_active
1464        {
1465            if !previous_focus_path.is_empty() && current_focus_path.is_empty() {
1466                self.window
1467                    .focus_lost_listeners
1468                    .clone()
1469                    .retain(&(), |listener| listener(self));
1470            }
1471
1472            let event = WindowFocusEvent {
1473                previous_focus_path: if previous_window_active {
1474                    previous_focus_path
1475                } else {
1476                    Default::default()
1477                },
1478                current_focus_path: if current_window_active {
1479                    current_focus_path
1480                } else {
1481                    Default::default()
1482                },
1483            };
1484            self.window
1485                .focus_listeners
1486                .clone()
1487                .retain(&(), |listener| listener(&event, self));
1488        }
1489
1490        self.reset_cursor_style();
1491        self.window.refreshing = false;
1492        self.window.draw_phase = DrawPhase::None;
1493        self.window.needs_present.set(true);
1494    }
1495
1496    #[profiling::function]
1497    fn present(&self) {
1498        self.window
1499            .platform_window
1500            .draw(&self.window.rendered_frame.scene);
1501        self.window.needs_present.set(false);
1502        profiling::finish_frame!();
1503    }
1504
1505    fn draw_roots(&mut self) {
1506        self.window.draw_phase = DrawPhase::Prepaint;
1507        self.window.tooltip_bounds.take();
1508
1509        // Layout all root elements.
1510        let mut root_element = self.window.root_view.as_ref().unwrap().clone().into_any();
1511        root_element.prepaint_as_root(Point::default(), self.window.viewport_size.into(), self);
1512
1513        let mut sorted_deferred_draws =
1514            (0..self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws.len()).collect::<SmallVec<[_; 8]>>();
1515        sorted_deferred_draws.sort_by_key(|ix| self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws[*ix].priority);
1516        self.prepaint_deferred_draws(&sorted_deferred_draws);
1517
1518        let mut prompt_element = None;
1519        let mut active_drag_element = None;
1520        let mut tooltip_element = None;
1521        if let Some(prompt) = self.window.prompt.take() {
1522            let mut element = prompt.view.any_view().into_any();
1523            element.prepaint_as_root(Point::default(), self.window.viewport_size.into(), self);
1524            prompt_element = Some(element);
1525            self.window.prompt = Some(prompt);
1526        } else if let Some(active_drag) = self.app.active_drag.take() {
1527            let mut element = active_drag.view.clone().into_any();
1528            let offset = self.mouse_position() - active_drag.cursor_offset;
1529            element.prepaint_as_root(offset, AvailableSpace::min_size(), self);
1530            active_drag_element = Some(element);
1531            self.app.active_drag = Some(active_drag);
1532        } else {
1533            tooltip_element = self.prepaint_tooltip();
1534        }
1535
1536        self.window.mouse_hit_test = self.window.next_frame.hit_test(self.window.mouse_position);
1537
1538        // Now actually paint the elements.
1539        self.window.draw_phase = DrawPhase::Paint;
1540        root_element.paint(self);
1541
1542        self.paint_deferred_draws(&sorted_deferred_draws);
1543
1544        if let Some(mut prompt_element) = prompt_element {
1545            prompt_element.paint(self);
1546        } else if let Some(mut drag_element) = active_drag_element {
1547            drag_element.paint(self);
1548        } else if let Some(mut tooltip_element) = tooltip_element {
1549            tooltip_element.paint(self);
1550        }
1551    }
1552
1553    fn prepaint_tooltip(&mut self) -> Option<AnyElement> {
1554        let tooltip_request = self.window.next_frame.tooltip_requests.last().cloned()?;
1555        let tooltip_request = tooltip_request.unwrap();
1556        let mut element = tooltip_request.tooltip.view.clone().into_any();
1557        let mouse_position = tooltip_request.tooltip.mouse_position;
1558        let tooltip_size = element.layout_as_root(AvailableSpace::min_size(), self);
1559
1560        let mut tooltip_bounds = Bounds::new(mouse_position + point(px(1.), px(1.)), tooltip_size);
1561        let window_bounds = Bounds {
1562            origin: Point::default(),
1563            size: self.viewport_size(),
1564        };
1565
1566        if tooltip_bounds.right() > window_bounds.right() {
1567            let new_x = mouse_position.x - tooltip_bounds.size.width - px(1.);
1568            if new_x >= Pixels::ZERO {
1569                tooltip_bounds.origin.x = new_x;
1570            } else {
1571                tooltip_bounds.origin.x = cmp::max(
1572                    Pixels::ZERO,
1573                    tooltip_bounds.origin.x - tooltip_bounds.right() - window_bounds.right(),
1574                );
1575            }
1576        }
1577
1578        if tooltip_bounds.bottom() > window_bounds.bottom() {
1579            let new_y = mouse_position.y - tooltip_bounds.size.height - px(1.);
1580            if new_y >= Pixels::ZERO {
1581                tooltip_bounds.origin.y = new_y;
1582            } else {
1583                tooltip_bounds.origin.y = cmp::max(
1584                    Pixels::ZERO,
1585                    tooltip_bounds.origin.y - tooltip_bounds.bottom() - window_bounds.bottom(),
1586                );
1587            }
1588        }
1589
1590        self.with_absolute_element_offset(tooltip_bounds.origin, |cx| element.prepaint(cx));
1591
1592        self.window.tooltip_bounds = Some(TooltipBounds {
1593            id: tooltip_request.id,
1594            bounds: tooltip_bounds,
1595        });
1596        Some(element)
1597    }
1598
1599    fn prepaint_deferred_draws(&mut self, deferred_draw_indices: &[usize]) {
1600        assert_eq!(self.window.element_id_stack.len(), 0);
1601
1602        let mut deferred_draws = mem::take(&mut self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws);
1603        for deferred_draw_ix in deferred_draw_indices {
1604            let deferred_draw = &mut deferred_draws[*deferred_draw_ix];
1605            self.window
1606                .element_id_stack
1607                .clone_from(&deferred_draw.element_id_stack);
1608            self.window
1609                .text_style_stack
1610                .clone_from(&deferred_draw.text_style_stack);
1611            self.window
1612                .next_frame
1613                .dispatch_tree
1614                .set_active_node(deferred_draw.parent_node);
1615
1616            let prepaint_start = self.prepaint_index();
1617            if let Some(element) = deferred_draw.element.as_mut() {
1618                self.with_absolute_element_offset(deferred_draw.absolute_offset, |cx| {
1619                    element.prepaint(cx)
1620                });
1621            } else {
1622                self.reuse_prepaint(deferred_draw.prepaint_range.clone());
1623            }
1624            let prepaint_end = self.prepaint_index();
1625            deferred_draw.prepaint_range = prepaint_start..prepaint_end;
1626        }
1627        assert_eq!(
1628            self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws.len(),
1629            0,
1630            "cannot call defer_draw during deferred drawing"
1631        );
1632        self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws = deferred_draws;
1633        self.window.element_id_stack.clear();
1634        self.window.text_style_stack.clear();
1635    }
1636
1637    fn paint_deferred_draws(&mut self, deferred_draw_indices: &[usize]) {
1638        assert_eq!(self.window.element_id_stack.len(), 0);
1639
1640        let mut deferred_draws = mem::take(&mut self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws);
1641        for deferred_draw_ix in deferred_draw_indices {
1642            let mut deferred_draw = &mut deferred_draws[*deferred_draw_ix];
1643            self.window
1644                .element_id_stack
1645                .clone_from(&deferred_draw.element_id_stack);
1646            self.window
1647                .next_frame
1648                .dispatch_tree
1649                .set_active_node(deferred_draw.parent_node);
1650
1651            let paint_start = self.paint_index();
1652            if let Some(element) = deferred_draw.element.as_mut() {
1653                element.paint(self);
1654            } else {
1655                self.reuse_paint(deferred_draw.paint_range.clone());
1656            }
1657            let paint_end = self.paint_index();
1658            deferred_draw.paint_range = paint_start..paint_end;
1659        }
1660        self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws = deferred_draws;
1661        self.window.element_id_stack.clear();
1662    }
1663
1664    pub(crate) fn prepaint_index(&self) -> PrepaintStateIndex {
1665        PrepaintStateIndex {
1666            hitboxes_index: self.window.next_frame.hitboxes.len(),
1667            tooltips_index: self.window.next_frame.tooltip_requests.len(),
1668            deferred_draws_index: self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws.len(),
1669            dispatch_tree_index: self.window.next_frame.dispatch_tree.len(),
1670            accessed_element_states_index: self.window.next_frame.accessed_element_states.len(),
1671            line_layout_index: self.window.text_system.layout_index(),
1672        }
1673    }
1674
1675    pub(crate) fn reuse_prepaint(&mut self, range: Range<PrepaintStateIndex>) {
1676        let window = &mut self.window;
1677        window.next_frame.hitboxes.extend(
1678            window.rendered_frame.hitboxes[range.start.hitboxes_index..range.end.hitboxes_index]
1679                .iter()
1680                .cloned(),
1681        );
1682        window.next_frame.tooltip_requests.extend(
1683            window.rendered_frame.tooltip_requests
1684                [range.start.tooltips_index..range.end.tooltips_index]
1685                .iter_mut()
1686                .map(|request| request.take()),
1687        );
1688        window.next_frame.accessed_element_states.extend(
1689            window.rendered_frame.accessed_element_states[range.start.accessed_element_states_index
1690                ..range.end.accessed_element_states_index]
1691                .iter()
1692                .map(|(id, type_id)| (GlobalElementId(id.0.clone()), *type_id)),
1693        );
1694        window
1695            .text_system
1696            .reuse_layouts(range.start.line_layout_index..range.end.line_layout_index);
1697
1698        let reused_subtree = window.next_frame.dispatch_tree.reuse_subtree(
1699            range.start.dispatch_tree_index..range.end.dispatch_tree_index,
1700            &mut window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree,
1701            window.focus,
1702        );
1703
1704        if reused_subtree.contains_focus() {
1705            window.next_frame.focus = window.focus;
1706        }
1707
1708        window.next_frame.deferred_draws.extend(
1709            window.rendered_frame.deferred_draws
1710                [range.start.deferred_draws_index..range.end.deferred_draws_index]
1711                .iter()
1712                .map(|deferred_draw| DeferredDraw {
1713                    parent_node: reused_subtree.refresh_node_id(deferred_draw.parent_node),
1714                    element_id_stack: deferred_draw.element_id_stack.clone(),
1715                    text_style_stack: deferred_draw.text_style_stack.clone(),
1716                    priority: deferred_draw.priority,
1717                    element: None,
1718                    absolute_offset: deferred_draw.absolute_offset,
1719                    prepaint_range: deferred_draw.prepaint_range.clone(),
1720                    paint_range: deferred_draw.paint_range.clone(),
1721                }),
1722        );
1723    }
1724
1725    pub(crate) fn paint_index(&self) -> PaintIndex {
1726        PaintIndex {
1727            scene_index: self.window.next_frame.scene.len(),
1728            mouse_listeners_index: self.window.next_frame.mouse_listeners.len(),
1729            input_handlers_index: self.window.next_frame.input_handlers.len(),
1730            cursor_styles_index: self.window.next_frame.cursor_styles.len(),
1731            accessed_element_states_index: self.window.next_frame.accessed_element_states.len(),
1732            line_layout_index: self.window.text_system.layout_index(),
1733        }
1734    }
1735
1736    pub(crate) fn reuse_paint(&mut self, range: Range<PaintIndex>) {
1737        let window = &mut self.window;
1738
1739        window.next_frame.cursor_styles.extend(
1740            window.rendered_frame.cursor_styles
1741                [range.start.cursor_styles_index..range.end.cursor_styles_index]
1742                .iter()
1743                .cloned(),
1744        );
1745        window.next_frame.input_handlers.extend(
1746            window.rendered_frame.input_handlers
1747                [range.start.input_handlers_index..range.end.input_handlers_index]
1748                .iter_mut()
1749                .map(|handler| handler.take()),
1750        );
1751        window.next_frame.mouse_listeners.extend(
1752            window.rendered_frame.mouse_listeners
1753                [range.start.mouse_listeners_index..range.end.mouse_listeners_index]
1754                .iter_mut()
1755                .map(|listener| listener.take()),
1756        );
1757        window.next_frame.accessed_element_states.extend(
1758            window.rendered_frame.accessed_element_states[range.start.accessed_element_states_index
1759                ..range.end.accessed_element_states_index]
1760                .iter()
1761                .map(|(id, type_id)| (GlobalElementId(id.0.clone()), *type_id)),
1762        );
1763        window
1764            .text_system
1765            .reuse_layouts(range.start.line_layout_index..range.end.line_layout_index);
1766        window.next_frame.scene.replay(
1767            range.start.scene_index..range.end.scene_index,
1768            &window.rendered_frame.scene,
1769        );
1770    }
1771
1772    /// Push a text style onto the stack, and call a function with that style active.
1773    /// Use [`AppContext::text_style`] to get the current, combined text style. This method
1774    /// should only be called as part of element drawing.
1775    pub fn with_text_style<F, R>(&mut self, style: Option<TextStyleRefinement>, f: F) -> R
1776    where
1777        F: FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1778    {
1779        debug_assert!(
1780            matches!(
1781                self.window.draw_phase,
1782                DrawPhase::Prepaint | DrawPhase::Paint
1783            ),
1784            "this method can only be called during request_layout, prepaint, or paint"
1785        );
1786        if let Some(style) = style {
1787            self.window.text_style_stack.push(style);
1788            let result = f(self);
1789            self.window.text_style_stack.pop();
1790            result
1791        } else {
1792            f(self)
1793        }
1794    }
1795
1796    /// Updates the cursor style at the platform level. This method should only be called
1797    /// during the prepaint phase of element drawing.
1798    pub fn set_cursor_style(&mut self, style: CursorStyle, hitbox: &Hitbox) {
1799        debug_assert_eq!(
1800            self.window.draw_phase,
1801            DrawPhase::Paint,
1802            "this method can only be called during paint"
1803        );
1804        self.window
1805            .next_frame
1806            .cursor_styles
1807            .push(CursorStyleRequest {
1808                hitbox_id: hitbox.id,
1809                style,
1810            });
1811    }
1812
1813    /// Sets a tooltip to be rendered for the upcoming frame. This method should only be called
1814    /// during the paint phase of element drawing.
1815    pub fn set_tooltip(&mut self, tooltip: AnyTooltip) -> TooltipId {
1816        debug_assert_eq!(
1817            self.window.draw_phase,
1818            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
1819            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
1820        );
1821        let id = TooltipId(post_inc(&mut self.window.next_tooltip_id.0));
1822        self.window
1823            .next_frame
1824            .tooltip_requests
1825            .push(Some(TooltipRequest { id, tooltip }));
1826        id
1827    }
1828
1829    /// Invoke the given function with the given content mask after intersecting it
1830    /// with the current mask. This method should only be called during element drawing.
1831    pub fn with_content_mask<R>(
1832        &mut self,
1833        mask: Option<ContentMask<Pixels>>,
1834        f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1835    ) -> R {
1836        debug_assert!(
1837            matches!(
1838                self.window.draw_phase,
1839                DrawPhase::Prepaint | DrawPhase::Paint
1840            ),
1841            "this method can only be called during request_layout, prepaint, or paint"
1842        );
1843        if let Some(mask) = mask {
1844            let mask = mask.intersect(&self.content_mask());
1845            self.window_mut().content_mask_stack.push(mask);
1846            let result = f(self);
1847            self.window_mut().content_mask_stack.pop();
1848            result
1849        } else {
1850            f(self)
1851        }
1852    }
1853
1854    /// Updates the global element offset relative to the current offset. This is used to implement
1855    /// scrolling. This method should only be called during the prepaint phase of element drawing.
1856    pub fn with_element_offset<R>(
1857        &mut self,
1858        offset: Point<Pixels>,
1859        f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1860    ) -> R {
1861        debug_assert_eq!(
1862            self.window.draw_phase,
1863            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
1864            "this method can only be called during request_layout, or prepaint"
1865        );
1866
1867        if offset.is_zero() {
1868            return f(self);
1869        };
1870
1871        let abs_offset = self.element_offset() + offset;
1872        self.with_absolute_element_offset(abs_offset, f)
1873    }
1874
1875    /// Updates the global element offset based on the given offset. This is used to implement
1876    /// drag handles and other manual painting of elements. This method should only be called during
1877    /// the prepaint phase of element drawing.
1878    pub fn with_absolute_element_offset<R>(
1879        &mut self,
1880        offset: Point<Pixels>,
1881        f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1882    ) -> R {
1883        debug_assert_eq!(
1884            self.window.draw_phase,
1885            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
1886            "this method can only be called during request_layout, or prepaint"
1887        );
1888        self.window_mut().element_offset_stack.push(offset);
1889        let result = f(self);
1890        self.window_mut().element_offset_stack.pop();
1891        result
1892    }
1893
1894    pub(crate) fn with_element_opacity<R>(
1895        &mut self,
1896        opacity: Option<f32>,
1897        f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1898    ) -> R {
1899        if opacity.is_none() {
1900            return f(self);
1901        }
1902
1903        debug_assert!(
1904            matches!(
1905                self.window.draw_phase,
1906                DrawPhase::Prepaint | DrawPhase::Paint
1907            ),
1908            "this method can only be called during prepaint, or paint"
1909        );
1910        self.window_mut().element_opacity = opacity;
1911        let result = f(self);
1912        self.window_mut().element_opacity = None;
1913        result
1914    }
1915
1916    /// Perform prepaint on child elements in a "retryable" manner, so that any side effects
1917    /// of prepaints can be discarded before prepainting again. This is used to support autoscroll
1918    /// where we need to prepaint children to detect the autoscroll bounds, then adjust the
1919    /// element offset and prepaint again. See [`List`] for an example. This method should only be
1920    /// called during the prepaint phase of element drawing.
1921    pub fn transact<T, U>(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> Result<T, U>) -> Result<T, U> {
1922        debug_assert_eq!(
1923            self.window.draw_phase,
1924            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
1925            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
1926        );
1927        let index = self.prepaint_index();
1928        let result = f(self);
1929        if result.is_err() {
1930            self.window
1931                .next_frame
1932                .hitboxes
1933                .truncate(index.hitboxes_index);
1934            self.window
1935                .next_frame
1936                .tooltip_requests
1937                .truncate(index.tooltips_index);
1938            self.window
1939                .next_frame
1940                .deferred_draws
1941                .truncate(index.deferred_draws_index);
1942            self.window
1943                .next_frame
1944                .dispatch_tree
1945                .truncate(index.dispatch_tree_index);
1946            self.window
1947                .next_frame
1948                .accessed_element_states
1949                .truncate(index.accessed_element_states_index);
1950            self.window
1951                .text_system
1952                .truncate_layouts(index.line_layout_index);
1953        }
1954        result
1955    }
1956
1957    /// When you call this method during [`prepaint`], containing elements will attempt to
1958    /// scroll to cause the specified bounds to become visible. When they decide to autoscroll, they will call
1959    /// [`prepaint`] again with a new set of bounds. See [`List`] for an example of an element
1960    /// that supports this method being called on the elements it contains. This method should only be
1961    /// called during the prepaint phase of element drawing.
1962    pub fn request_autoscroll(&mut self, bounds: Bounds<Pixels>) {
1963        debug_assert_eq!(
1964            self.window.draw_phase,
1965            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
1966            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
1967        );
1968        self.window.requested_autoscroll = Some(bounds);
1969    }
1970
1971    /// This method can be called from a containing element such as [`List`] to support the autoscroll behavior
1972    /// described in [`request_autoscroll`].
1973    pub fn take_autoscroll(&mut self) -> Option<Bounds<Pixels>> {
1974        debug_assert_eq!(
1975            self.window.draw_phase,
1976            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
1977            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
1978        );
1979        self.window.requested_autoscroll.take()
1980    }
1981
1982    /// Asynchronously load an asset, if the asset hasn't finished loading this will return None.
1983    /// Your view will be re-drawn once the asset has finished loading.
1984    ///
1985    /// Note that the multiple calls to this method will only result in one `Asset::load` call at a
1986    /// time.
1987    ///
1988    /// This asset will not be cached by default, see [Self::use_cached_asset]
1989    pub fn use_asset<A: Asset + 'static>(&mut self, source: &A::Source) -> Option<A::Output> {
1990        let (task, is_first) = self.fetch_asset::<A>(source);
1991        task.clone().now_or_never().or_else(|| {
1992            if is_first {
1993                let parent_id = self.parent_view_id();
1994                self.spawn({
1995                    let task = task.clone();
1996                    |mut cx| async move {
1997                        task.await;
1998
1999                        cx.on_next_frame(move |cx| {
2000                            if let Some(parent_id) = parent_id {
2001                                cx.notify(parent_id)
2002                            } else {
2003                                cx.refresh()
2004                            }
2005                        });
2006                    }
2007                })
2008                .detach();
2009            }
2010
2011            None
2012        })
2013    }
2014    /// Obtain the current element offset. This method should only be called during the
2015    /// prepaint phase of element drawing.
2016    pub fn element_offset(&self) -> Point<Pixels> {
2017        debug_assert_eq!(
2018            self.window.draw_phase,
2019            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2020            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
2021        );
2022        self.window()
2023            .element_offset_stack
2024            .last()
2025            .copied()
2026            .unwrap_or_default()
2027    }
2028
2029    /// Obtain the current element opacity. This method should only be called during the
2030    /// prepaint phase of element drawing.
2031    pub(crate) fn element_opacity(&self) -> f32 {
2032        debug_assert!(
2033            matches!(
2034                self.window.draw_phase,
2035                DrawPhase::Prepaint | DrawPhase::Paint
2036            ),
2037            "this method can only be called during prepaint, or paint"
2038        );
2039        self.window().element_opacity.unwrap_or(1.0)
2040    }
2041
2042    /// Obtain the current content mask. This method should only be called during element drawing.
2043    pub fn content_mask(&self) -> ContentMask<Pixels> {
2044        debug_assert!(
2045            matches!(
2046                self.window.draw_phase,
2047                DrawPhase::Prepaint | DrawPhase::Paint
2048            ),
2049            "this method can only be called during prepaint, or paint"
2050        );
2051        self.window()
2052            .content_mask_stack
2053            .last()
2054            .cloned()
2055            .unwrap_or_else(|| ContentMask {
2056                bounds: Bounds {
2057                    origin: Point::default(),
2058                    size: self.window().viewport_size,
2059                },
2060            })
2061    }
2062
2063    /// Provide elements in the called function with a new namespace in which their identifiers must be unique.
2064    /// This can be used within a custom element to distinguish multiple sets of child elements.
2065    pub fn with_element_namespace<R>(
2066        &mut self,
2067        element_id: impl Into<ElementId>,
2068        f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
2069    ) -> R {
2070        self.window.element_id_stack.push(element_id.into());
2071        let result = f(self);
2072        self.window.element_id_stack.pop();
2073        result
2074    }
2075
2076    /// Updates or initializes state for an element with the given id that lives across multiple
2077    /// frames. If an element with this ID existed in the rendered frame, its state will be passed
2078    /// to the given closure. The state returned by the closure will be stored so it can be referenced
2079    /// when drawing the next frame. This method should only be called as part of element drawing.
2080    pub fn with_element_state<S, R>(
2081        &mut self,
2082        global_id: &GlobalElementId,
2083        f: impl FnOnce(Option<S>, &mut Self) -> (R, S),
2084    ) -> R
2085    where
2086        S: 'static,
2087    {
2088        debug_assert!(
2089            matches!(
2090                self.window.draw_phase,
2091                DrawPhase::Prepaint | DrawPhase::Paint
2092            ),
2093            "this method can only be called during request_layout, prepaint, or paint"
2094        );
2095
2096        let key = (GlobalElementId(global_id.0.clone()), TypeId::of::<S>());
2097        self.window
2098            .next_frame
2099            .accessed_element_states
2100            .push((GlobalElementId(key.0.clone()), TypeId::of::<S>()));
2101
2102        if let Some(any) = self
2103            .window
2104            .next_frame
2105            .element_states
2106            .remove(&key)
2107            .or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.element_states.remove(&key))
2108        {
2109            let ElementStateBox {
2110                inner,
2111                #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
2112                type_name,
2113            } = any;
2114            // Using the extra inner option to avoid needing to reallocate a new box.
2115            let mut state_box = inner
2116                .downcast::<Option<S>>()
2117                .map_err(|_| {
2118                    #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
2119                    {
2120                        anyhow::anyhow!(
2121                            "invalid element state type for id, requested {:?}, actual: {:?}",
2122                            std::any::type_name::<S>(),
2123                            type_name
2124                        )
2125                    }
2126
2127                    #[cfg(not(debug_assertions))]
2128                    {
2129                        anyhow::anyhow!(
2130                            "invalid element state type for id, requested {:?}",
2131                            std::any::type_name::<S>(),
2132                        )
2133                    }
2134                })
2135                .unwrap();
2136
2137            let state = state_box.take().expect(
2138                "reentrant call to with_element_state for the same state type and element id",
2139            );
2140            let (result, state) = f(Some(state), self);
2141            state_box.replace(state);
2142            self.window.next_frame.element_states.insert(
2143                key,
2144                ElementStateBox {
2145                    inner: state_box,
2146                    #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
2147                    type_name,
2148                },
2149            );
2150            result
2151        } else {
2152            let (result, state) = f(None, self);
2153            self.window.next_frame.element_states.insert(
2154                key,
2155                ElementStateBox {
2156                    inner: Box::new(Some(state)),
2157                    #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
2158                    type_name: std::any::type_name::<S>(),
2159                },
2160            );
2161            result
2162        }
2163    }
2164
2165    /// A variant of `with_element_state` that allows the element's id to be optional. This is a convenience
2166    /// method for elements where the element id may or may not be assigned. Prefer using `with_element_state`
2167    /// when the element is guaranteed to have an id.
2168    pub fn with_optional_element_state<S, R>(
2169        &mut self,
2170        global_id: Option<&GlobalElementId>,
2171        f: impl FnOnce(Option<Option<S>>, &mut Self) -> (R, Option<S>),
2172    ) -> R
2173    where
2174        S: 'static,
2175    {
2176        debug_assert!(
2177            matches!(
2178                self.window.draw_phase,
2179                DrawPhase::Prepaint | DrawPhase::Paint
2180            ),
2181            "this method can only be called during request_layout, prepaint, or paint"
2182        );
2183
2184        if let Some(global_id) = global_id {
2185            self.with_element_state(global_id, |state, cx| {
2186                let (result, state) = f(Some(state), cx);
2187                let state =
2188                    state.expect("you must return some state when you pass some element id");
2189                (result, state)
2190            })
2191        } else {
2192            let (result, state) = f(None, self);
2193            debug_assert!(
2194                state.is_none(),
2195                "you must not return an element state when passing None for the global id"
2196            );
2197            result
2198        }
2199    }
2200
2201    /// Defers the drawing of the given element, scheduling it to be painted on top of the currently-drawn tree
2202    /// at a later time. The `priority` parameter determines the drawing order relative to other deferred elements,
2203    /// with higher values being drawn on top.
2204    ///
2205    /// This method should only be called as part of the prepaint phase of element drawing.
2206    pub fn defer_draw(
2207        &mut self,
2208        element: AnyElement,
2209        absolute_offset: Point<Pixels>,
2210        priority: usize,
2211    ) {
2212        let window = &mut self.window;
2213        debug_assert_eq!(
2214            window.draw_phase,
2215            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2216            "this method can only be called during request_layout or prepaint"
2217        );
2218        let parent_node = window.next_frame.dispatch_tree.active_node_id().unwrap();
2219        window.next_frame.deferred_draws.push(DeferredDraw {
2220            parent_node,
2221            element_id_stack: window.element_id_stack.clone(),
2222            text_style_stack: window.text_style_stack.clone(),
2223            priority,
2224            element: Some(element),
2225            absolute_offset,
2226            prepaint_range: PrepaintStateIndex::default()..PrepaintStateIndex::default(),
2227            paint_range: PaintIndex::default()..PaintIndex::default(),
2228        });
2229    }
2230
2231    /// Creates a new painting layer for the specified bounds. A "layer" is a batch
2232    /// of geometry that are non-overlapping and have the same draw order. This is typically used
2233    /// for performance reasons.
2234    ///
2235    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2236    pub fn paint_layer<R>(&mut self, bounds: Bounds<Pixels>, f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R) -> R {
2237        debug_assert_eq!(
2238            self.window.draw_phase,
2239            DrawPhase::Paint,
2240            "this method can only be called during paint"
2241        );
2242
2243        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2244        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
2245        let clipped_bounds = bounds.intersect(&content_mask.bounds);
2246        if !clipped_bounds.is_empty() {
2247            self.window
2248                .next_frame
2249                .scene
2250                .push_layer(clipped_bounds.scale(scale_factor));
2251        }
2252
2253        let result = f(self);
2254
2255        if !clipped_bounds.is_empty() {
2256            self.window.next_frame.scene.pop_layer();
2257        }
2258
2259        result
2260    }
2261
2262    /// Paint one or more drop shadows into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2263    ///
2264    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2265    pub fn paint_shadows(
2266        &mut self,
2267        bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
2268        corner_radii: Corners<Pixels>,
2269        shadows: &[BoxShadow],
2270    ) {
2271        debug_assert_eq!(
2272            self.window.draw_phase,
2273            DrawPhase::Paint,
2274            "this method can only be called during paint"
2275        );
2276
2277        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2278        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
2279        let opacity = self.element_opacity();
2280        for shadow in shadows {
2281            let mut shadow_bounds = bounds;
2282            shadow_bounds.origin += shadow.offset;
2283            shadow_bounds.dilate(shadow.spread_radius);
2284            self.window.next_frame.scene.insert_primitive(Shadow {
2285                order: 0,
2286                blur_radius: shadow.blur_radius.scale(scale_factor),
2287                bounds: shadow_bounds.scale(scale_factor),
2288                content_mask: content_mask.scale(scale_factor),
2289                corner_radii: corner_radii.scale(scale_factor),
2290                color: shadow.color.opacity(opacity),
2291            });
2292        }
2293    }
2294
2295    /// Paint one or more quads into the scene for the next frame at the current stacking context.
2296    /// Quads are colored rectangular regions with an optional background, border, and corner radius.
2297    /// see [`fill`](crate::fill), [`outline`](crate::outline), and [`quad`](crate::quad) to construct this type.
2298    ///
2299    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2300    pub fn paint_quad(&mut self, quad: PaintQuad) {
2301        debug_assert_eq!(
2302            self.window.draw_phase,
2303            DrawPhase::Paint,
2304            "this method can only be called during paint"
2305        );
2306
2307        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2308        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
2309        let opacity = self.element_opacity();
2310        self.window.next_frame.scene.insert_primitive(Quad {
2311            order: 0,
2312            pad: 0,
2313            bounds: quad.bounds.scale(scale_factor),
2314            content_mask: content_mask.scale(scale_factor),
2315            background: quad.background.opacity(opacity),
2316            border_color: quad.border_color.opacity(opacity),
2317            corner_radii: quad.corner_radii.scale(scale_factor),
2318            border_widths: quad.border_widths.scale(scale_factor),
2319        });
2320    }
2321
2322    /// Paint the given `Path` into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2323    ///
2324    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2325    pub fn paint_path(&mut self, mut path: Path<Pixels>, color: impl Into<Hsla>) {
2326        debug_assert_eq!(
2327            self.window.draw_phase,
2328            DrawPhase::Paint,
2329            "this method can only be called during paint"
2330        );
2331
2332        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2333        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
2334        let opacity = self.element_opacity();
2335        path.content_mask = content_mask;
2336        path.color = color.into().opacity(opacity);
2337        self.window
2338            .next_frame
2339            .scene
2340            .insert_primitive(path.scale(scale_factor));
2341    }
2342
2343    /// Paint an underline into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2344    ///
2345    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2346    pub fn paint_underline(
2347        &mut self,
2348        origin: Point<Pixels>,
2349        width: Pixels,
2350        style: &UnderlineStyle,
2351    ) {
2352        debug_assert_eq!(
2353            self.window.draw_phase,
2354            DrawPhase::Paint,
2355            "this method can only be called during paint"
2356        );
2357
2358        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2359        let height = if style.wavy {
2360            style.thickness * 3.
2361        } else {
2362            style.thickness
2363        };
2364        let bounds = Bounds {
2365            origin,
2366            size: size(width, height),
2367        };
2368        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
2369        let element_opacity = self.element_opacity();
2370
2371        self.window.next_frame.scene.insert_primitive(Underline {
2372            order: 0,
2373            pad: 0,
2374            bounds: bounds.scale(scale_factor),
2375            content_mask: content_mask.scale(scale_factor),
2376            color: style.color.unwrap_or_default().opacity(element_opacity),
2377            thickness: style.thickness.scale(scale_factor),
2378            wavy: style.wavy,
2379        });
2380    }
2381
2382    /// Paint a strikethrough into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2383    ///
2384    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2385    pub fn paint_strikethrough(
2386        &mut self,
2387        origin: Point<Pixels>,
2388        width: Pixels,
2389        style: &StrikethroughStyle,
2390    ) {
2391        debug_assert_eq!(
2392            self.window.draw_phase,
2393            DrawPhase::Paint,
2394            "this method can only be called during paint"
2395        );
2396
2397        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2398        let height = style.thickness;
2399        let bounds = Bounds {
2400            origin,
2401            size: size(width, height),
2402        };
2403        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
2404        let opacity = self.element_opacity();
2405
2406        self.window.next_frame.scene.insert_primitive(Underline {
2407            order: 0,
2408            pad: 0,
2409            bounds: bounds.scale(scale_factor),
2410            content_mask: content_mask.scale(scale_factor),
2411            thickness: style.thickness.scale(scale_factor),
2412            color: style.color.unwrap_or_default().opacity(opacity),
2413            wavy: false,
2414        });
2415    }
2416
2417    /// Paints a monochrome (non-emoji) glyph into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2418    ///
2419    /// The y component of the origin is the baseline of the glyph.
2420    /// You should generally prefer to use the [`ShapedLine::paint`](crate::ShapedLine::paint) or
2421    /// [`WrappedLine::paint`](crate::WrappedLine::paint) methods in the [`TextSystem`](crate::TextSystem).
2422    /// This method is only useful if you need to paint a single glyph that has already been shaped.
2423    ///
2424    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2425    pub fn paint_glyph(
2426        &mut self,
2427        origin: Point<Pixels>,
2428        font_id: FontId,
2429        glyph_id: GlyphId,
2430        font_size: Pixels,
2431        color: Hsla,
2432    ) -> Result<()> {
2433        debug_assert_eq!(
2434            self.window.draw_phase,
2435            DrawPhase::Paint,
2436            "this method can only be called during paint"
2437        );
2438
2439        let element_opacity = self.element_opacity();
2440        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2441        let glyph_origin = origin.scale(scale_factor);
2442        let subpixel_variant = Point {
2443            x: (glyph_origin.x.0.fract() * SUBPIXEL_VARIANTS as f32).floor() as u8,
2444            y: (glyph_origin.y.0.fract() * SUBPIXEL_VARIANTS as f32).floor() as u8,
2445        };
2446        let params = RenderGlyphParams {
2447            font_id,
2448            glyph_id,
2449            font_size,
2450            subpixel_variant,
2451            scale_factor,
2452            is_emoji: false,
2453        };
2454
2455        let raster_bounds = self.text_system().raster_bounds(&params)?;
2456        if !raster_bounds.is_zero() {
2457            let tile = self
2458                .window
2459                .sprite_atlas
2460                .get_or_insert_with(&params.clone().into(), &mut || {
2461                    let (size, bytes) = self.text_system().rasterize_glyph(&params)?;
2462                    Ok(Some((size, Cow::Owned(bytes))))
2463                })?
2464                .expect("Callback above only errors or returns Some");
2465            let bounds = Bounds {
2466                origin: glyph_origin.map(|px| px.floor()) + raster_bounds.origin.map(Into::into),
2467                size: tile.bounds.size.map(Into::into),
2468            };
2469            let content_mask = self.content_mask().scale(scale_factor);
2470            self.window
2471                .next_frame
2472                .scene
2473                .insert_primitive(MonochromeSprite {
2474                    order: 0,
2475                    pad: 0,
2476                    bounds,
2477                    content_mask,
2478                    color: color.opacity(element_opacity),
2479                    tile,
2480                    transformation: TransformationMatrix::unit(),
2481                });
2482        }
2483        Ok(())
2484    }
2485
2486    /// Paints an emoji glyph into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2487    ///
2488    /// The y component of the origin is the baseline of the glyph.
2489    /// You should generally prefer to use the [`ShapedLine::paint`](crate::ShapedLine::paint) or
2490    /// [`WrappedLine::paint`](crate::WrappedLine::paint) methods in the [`TextSystem`](crate::TextSystem).
2491    /// This method is only useful if you need to paint a single emoji that has already been shaped.
2492    ///
2493    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2494    pub fn paint_emoji(
2495        &mut self,
2496        origin: Point<Pixels>,
2497        font_id: FontId,
2498        glyph_id: GlyphId,
2499        font_size: Pixels,
2500    ) -> Result<()> {
2501        debug_assert_eq!(
2502            self.window.draw_phase,
2503            DrawPhase::Paint,
2504            "this method can only be called during paint"
2505        );
2506
2507        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2508        let glyph_origin = origin.scale(scale_factor);
2509        let params = RenderGlyphParams {
2510            font_id,
2511            glyph_id,
2512            font_size,
2513            // We don't render emojis with subpixel variants.
2514            subpixel_variant: Default::default(),
2515            scale_factor,
2516            is_emoji: true,
2517        };
2518
2519        let raster_bounds = self.text_system().raster_bounds(&params)?;
2520        if !raster_bounds.is_zero() {
2521            let tile = self
2522                .window
2523                .sprite_atlas
2524                .get_or_insert_with(&params.clone().into(), &mut || {
2525                    let (size, bytes) = self.text_system().rasterize_glyph(&params)?;
2526                    Ok(Some((size, Cow::Owned(bytes))))
2527                })?
2528                .expect("Callback above only errors or returns Some");
2529
2530            let bounds = Bounds {
2531                origin: glyph_origin.map(|px| px.floor()) + raster_bounds.origin.map(Into::into),
2532                size: tile.bounds.size.map(Into::into),
2533            };
2534            let content_mask = self.content_mask().scale(scale_factor);
2535            let opacity = self.element_opacity();
2536
2537            self.window
2538                .next_frame
2539                .scene
2540                .insert_primitive(PolychromeSprite {
2541                    order: 0,
2542                    pad: 0,
2543                    grayscale: false,
2544                    bounds,
2545                    corner_radii: Default::default(),
2546                    content_mask,
2547                    tile,
2548                    opacity,
2549                });
2550        }
2551        Ok(())
2552    }
2553
2554    /// Paint a monochrome SVG into the scene for the next frame at the current stacking context.
2555    ///
2556    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2557    pub fn paint_svg(
2558        &mut self,
2559        bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
2560        path: SharedString,
2561        transformation: TransformationMatrix,
2562        color: Hsla,
2563    ) -> Result<()> {
2564        debug_assert_eq!(
2565            self.window.draw_phase,
2566            DrawPhase::Paint,
2567            "this method can only be called during paint"
2568        );
2569
2570        let element_opacity = self.element_opacity();
2571        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2572        let bounds = bounds.scale(scale_factor);
2573        // Render the SVG at twice the size to get a higher quality result.
2574        let params = RenderSvgParams {
2575            path,
2576            size: bounds
2577                .size
2578                .map(|pixels| DevicePixels::from((pixels.0 * 2.).ceil() as i32)),
2579        };
2580
2581        let Some(tile) =
2582            self.window
2583                .sprite_atlas
2584                .get_or_insert_with(&params.clone().into(), &mut || {
2585                    let Some(bytes) = self.svg_renderer.render(&params)? else {
2586                        return Ok(None);
2587                    };
2588                    Ok(Some((params.size, Cow::Owned(bytes))))
2589                })?
2590        else {
2591            return Ok(());
2592        };
2593        let content_mask = self.content_mask().scale(scale_factor);
2594
2595        self.window
2596            .next_frame
2597            .scene
2598            .insert_primitive(MonochromeSprite {
2599                order: 0,
2600                pad: 0,
2601                bounds: bounds
2602                    .map_origin(|origin| origin.floor())
2603                    .map_size(|size| size.ceil()),
2604                content_mask,
2605                color: color.opacity(element_opacity),
2606                tile,
2607                transformation,
2608            });
2609
2610        Ok(())
2611    }
2612
2613    /// Paint an image into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2614    /// This method will panic if the frame_index is not valid
2615    ///
2616    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2617    pub fn paint_image(
2618        &mut self,
2619        bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
2620        corner_radii: Corners<Pixels>,
2621        data: Arc<RenderImage>,
2622        frame_index: usize,
2623        grayscale: bool,
2624    ) -> Result<()> {
2625        debug_assert_eq!(
2626            self.window.draw_phase,
2627            DrawPhase::Paint,
2628            "this method can only be called during paint"
2629        );
2630
2631        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2632        let bounds = bounds.scale(scale_factor);
2633        let params = RenderImageParams {
2634            image_id: data.id,
2635            frame_index,
2636        };
2637
2638        let tile = self
2639            .window
2640            .sprite_atlas
2641            .get_or_insert_with(&params.clone().into(), &mut || {
2642                Ok(Some((
2643                    data.size(frame_index),
2644                    Cow::Borrowed(
2645                        data.as_bytes(frame_index)
2646                            .expect("It's the caller's job to pass a valid frame index"),
2647                    ),
2648                )))
2649            })?
2650            .expect("Callback above only returns Some");
2651        let content_mask = self.content_mask().scale(scale_factor);
2652        let corner_radii = corner_radii.scale(scale_factor);
2653        let opacity = self.element_opacity();
2654
2655        self.window
2656            .next_frame
2657            .scene
2658            .insert_primitive(PolychromeSprite {
2659                order: 0,
2660                pad: 0,
2661                grayscale,
2662                bounds,
2663                content_mask,
2664                corner_radii,
2665                tile,
2666                opacity,
2667            });
2668        Ok(())
2669    }
2670
2671    /// Paint a surface into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2672    ///
2673    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2674    #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
2675    pub fn paint_surface(&mut self, bounds: Bounds<Pixels>, image_buffer: CVImageBuffer) {
2676        use crate::PaintSurface;
2677
2678        debug_assert_eq!(
2679            self.window.draw_phase,
2680            DrawPhase::Paint,
2681            "this method can only be called during paint"
2682        );
2683
2684        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2685        let bounds = bounds.scale(scale_factor);
2686        let content_mask = self.content_mask().scale(scale_factor);
2687        self.window.next_frame.scene.insert_primitive(PaintSurface {
2688            order: 0,
2689            bounds,
2690            content_mask,
2691            image_buffer,
2692        });
2693    }
2694
2695    #[must_use]
2696    /// Add a node to the layout tree for the current frame. Takes the `Style` of the element for which
2697    /// layout is being requested, along with the layout ids of any children. This method is called during
2698    /// calls to the [`Element::request_layout`] trait method and enables any element to participate in layout.
2699    ///
2700    /// This method should only be called as part of the request_layout or prepaint phase of element drawing.
2701    pub fn request_layout(
2702        &mut self,
2703        style: Style,
2704        children: impl IntoIterator<Item = LayoutId>,
2705    ) -> LayoutId {
2706        debug_assert_eq!(
2707            self.window.draw_phase,
2708            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2709            "this method can only be called during request_layout, or prepaint"
2710        );
2711
2712        self.app.layout_id_buffer.clear();
2713        self.app.layout_id_buffer.extend(children);
2714        let rem_size = self.rem_size();
2715
2716        self.window.layout_engine.as_mut().unwrap().request_layout(
2717            style,
2718            rem_size,
2719            &self.app.layout_id_buffer,
2720        )
2721    }
2722
2723    /// Add a node to the layout tree for the current frame. Instead of taking a `Style` and children,
2724    /// this variant takes a function that is invoked during layout so you can use arbitrary logic to
2725    /// determine the element's size. One place this is used internally is when measuring text.
2726    ///
2727    /// The given closure is invoked at layout time with the known dimensions and available space and
2728    /// returns a `Size`.
2729    ///
2730    /// This method should only be called as part of the request_layout or prepaint phase of element drawing.
2731    pub fn request_measured_layout<
2732        F: FnMut(Size<Option<Pixels>>, Size<AvailableSpace>, &mut WindowContext) -> Size<Pixels>
2733            + 'static,
2734    >(
2735        &mut self,
2736        style: Style,
2737        measure: F,
2738    ) -> LayoutId {
2739        debug_assert_eq!(
2740            self.window.draw_phase,
2741            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2742            "this method can only be called during request_layout, or prepaint"
2743        );
2744
2745        let rem_size = self.rem_size();
2746        self.window
2747            .layout_engine
2748            .as_mut()
2749            .unwrap()
2750            .request_measured_layout(style, rem_size, measure)
2751    }
2752
2753    /// Compute the layout for the given id within the given available space.
2754    /// This method is called for its side effect, typically by the framework prior to painting.
2755    /// After calling it, you can request the bounds of the given layout node id or any descendant.
2756    ///
2757    /// This method should only be called as part of the prepaint phase of element drawing.
2758    pub fn compute_layout(&mut self, layout_id: LayoutId, available_space: Size<AvailableSpace>) {
2759        debug_assert_eq!(
2760            self.window.draw_phase,
2761            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2762            "this method can only be called during request_layout, or prepaint"
2763        );
2764
2765        let mut layout_engine = self.window.layout_engine.take().unwrap();
2766        layout_engine.compute_layout(layout_id, available_space, self);
2767        self.window.layout_engine = Some(layout_engine);
2768    }
2769
2770    /// Obtain the bounds computed for the given LayoutId relative to the window. This method will usually be invoked by
2771    /// GPUI itself automatically in order to pass your element its `Bounds` automatically.
2772    ///
2773    /// This method should only be called as part of element drawing.
2774    pub fn layout_bounds(&mut self, layout_id: LayoutId) -> Bounds<Pixels> {
2775        debug_assert_eq!(
2776            self.window.draw_phase,
2777            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2778            "this method can only be called during request_layout, prepaint, or paint"
2779        );
2780
2781        let mut bounds = self
2782            .window
2783            .layout_engine
2784            .as_mut()
2785            .unwrap()
2786            .layout_bounds(layout_id)
2787            .map(Into::into);
2788        bounds.origin += self.element_offset();
2789        bounds
2790    }
2791
2792    /// This method should be called during `prepaint`. You can use
2793    /// the returned [Hitbox] during `paint` or in an event handler
2794    /// to determine whether the inserted hitbox was the topmost.
2795    ///
2796    /// This method should only be called as part of the prepaint phase of element drawing.
2797    pub fn insert_hitbox(&mut self, bounds: Bounds<Pixels>, opaque: bool) -> Hitbox {
2798        debug_assert_eq!(
2799            self.window.draw_phase,
2800            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2801            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
2802        );
2803
2804        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
2805        let window = &mut self.window;
2806        let id = window.next_hitbox_id;
2807        window.next_hitbox_id.0 += 1;
2808        let hitbox = Hitbox {
2809            id,
2810            bounds,
2811            content_mask,
2812            opaque,
2813        };
2814        window.next_frame.hitboxes.push(hitbox.clone());
2815        hitbox
2816    }
2817
2818    /// Sets the key context for the current element. This context will be used to translate
2819    /// keybindings into actions.
2820    ///
2821    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2822    pub fn set_key_context(&mut self, context: KeyContext) {
2823        debug_assert_eq!(
2824            self.window.draw_phase,
2825            DrawPhase::Paint,
2826            "this method can only be called during paint"
2827        );
2828        self.window
2829            .next_frame
2830            .dispatch_tree
2831            .set_key_context(context);
2832    }
2833
2834    /// Sets the focus handle for the current element. This handle will be used to manage focus state
2835    /// and keyboard event dispatch for the element.
2836    ///
2837    /// This method should only be called as part of the prepaint phase of element drawing.
2838    pub fn set_focus_handle(&mut self, focus_handle: &FocusHandle) {
2839        debug_assert_eq!(
2840            self.window.draw_phase,
2841            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2842            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
2843        );
2844        if focus_handle.is_focused(self) {
2845            self.window.next_frame.focus = Some(focus_handle.id);
2846        }
2847        self.window
2848            .next_frame
2849            .dispatch_tree
2850            .set_focus_id(focus_handle.id);
2851    }
2852
2853    /// Sets the view id for the current element, which will be used to manage view caching.
2854    ///
2855    /// This method should only be called as part of element prepaint. We plan on removing this
2856    /// method eventually when we solve some issues that require us to construct editor elements
2857    /// directly instead of always using editors via views.
2858    pub fn set_view_id(&mut self, view_id: EntityId) {
2859        debug_assert_eq!(
2860            self.window.draw_phase,
2861            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2862            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
2863        );
2864        self.window.next_frame.dispatch_tree.set_view_id(view_id);
2865    }
2866
2867    /// Get the last view id for the current element
2868    pub fn parent_view_id(&mut self) -> Option<EntityId> {
2869        self.window.next_frame.dispatch_tree.parent_view_id()
2870    }
2871
2872    /// Sets an input handler, such as [`ElementInputHandler`][element_input_handler], which interfaces with the
2873    /// platform to receive textual input with proper integration with concerns such
2874    /// as IME interactions. This handler will be active for the upcoming frame until the following frame is
2875    /// rendered.
2876    ///
2877    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2878    ///
2879    /// [element_input_handler]: crate::ElementInputHandler
2880    pub fn handle_input(&mut self, focus_handle: &FocusHandle, input_handler: impl InputHandler) {
2881        debug_assert_eq!(
2882            self.window.draw_phase,
2883            DrawPhase::Paint,
2884            "this method can only be called during paint"
2885        );
2886
2887        if focus_handle.is_focused(self) {
2888            let cx = self.to_async();
2889            self.window
2890                .next_frame
2891                .input_handlers
2892                .push(Some(PlatformInputHandler::new(cx, Box::new(input_handler))));
2893        }
2894    }
2895
2896    /// Register a mouse event listener on the window for the next frame. The type of event
2897    /// is determined by the first parameter of the given listener. When the next frame is rendered
2898    /// the listener will be cleared.
2899    ///
2900    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2901    pub fn on_mouse_event<Event: MouseEvent>(
2902        &mut self,
2903        mut handler: impl FnMut(&Event, DispatchPhase, &mut WindowContext) + 'static,
2904    ) {
2905        debug_assert_eq!(
2906            self.window.draw_phase,
2907            DrawPhase::Paint,
2908            "this method can only be called during paint"
2909        );
2910
2911        self.window.next_frame.mouse_listeners.push(Some(Box::new(
2912            move |event: &dyn Any, phase: DispatchPhase, cx: &mut WindowContext<'_>| {
2913                if let Some(event) = event.downcast_ref() {
2914                    handler(event, phase, cx)
2915                }
2916            },
2917        )));
2918    }
2919
2920    /// Register a key event listener on the window for the next frame. The type of event
2921    /// is determined by the first parameter of the given listener. When the next frame is rendered
2922    /// the listener will be cleared.
2923    ///
2924    /// This is a fairly low-level method, so prefer using event handlers on elements unless you have
2925    /// a specific need to register a global listener.
2926    ///
2927    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2928    pub fn on_key_event<Event: KeyEvent>(
2929        &mut self,
2930        listener: impl Fn(&Event, DispatchPhase, &mut WindowContext) + 'static,
2931    ) {
2932        debug_assert_eq!(
2933            self.window.draw_phase,
2934            DrawPhase::Paint,
2935            "this method can only be called during paint"
2936        );
2937
2938        self.window.next_frame.dispatch_tree.on_key_event(Rc::new(
2939            move |event: &dyn Any, phase, cx: &mut WindowContext<'_>| {
2940                if let Some(event) = event.downcast_ref::<Event>() {
2941                    listener(event, phase, cx)
2942                }
2943            },
2944        ));
2945    }
2946
2947    /// Register a modifiers changed event listener on the window for the next frame.
2948    ///
2949    /// This is a fairly low-level method, so prefer using event handlers on elements unless you have
2950    /// a specific need to register a global listener.
2951    ///
2952    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2953    pub fn on_modifiers_changed(
2954        &mut self,
2955        listener: impl Fn(&ModifiersChangedEvent, &mut WindowContext) + 'static,
2956    ) {
2957        debug_assert_eq!(
2958            self.window.draw_phase,
2959            DrawPhase::Paint,
2960            "this method can only be called during paint"
2961        );
2962
2963        self.window
2964            .next_frame
2965            .dispatch_tree
2966            .on_modifiers_changed(Rc::new(
2967                move |event: &ModifiersChangedEvent, cx: &mut WindowContext<'_>| {
2968                    listener(event, cx)
2969                },
2970            ));
2971    }
2972
2973    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle or one of its descendants receives focus.
2974    /// This does not fire if the given focus handle - or one of its descendants - was previously focused.
2975    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
2976    pub fn on_focus_in(
2977        &mut self,
2978        handle: &FocusHandle,
2979        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut WindowContext) + 'static,
2980    ) -> Subscription {
2981        let focus_id = handle.id;
2982        let (subscription, activate) =
2983            self.window.new_focus_listener(Box::new(move |event, cx| {
2984                if event.is_focus_in(focus_id) {
2985                    listener(cx);
2986                }
2987                true
2988            }));
2989        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
2990        subscription
2991    }
2992
2993    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle or one of its descendants loses focus.
2994    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
2995    pub fn on_focus_out(
2996        &mut self,
2997        handle: &FocusHandle,
2998        mut listener: impl FnMut(FocusOutEvent, &mut WindowContext) + 'static,
2999    ) -> Subscription {
3000        let focus_id = handle.id;
3001        let (subscription, activate) =
3002            self.window.new_focus_listener(Box::new(move |event, cx| {
3003                if let Some(blurred_id) = event.previous_focus_path.last().copied() {
3004                    if event.is_focus_out(focus_id) {
3005                        let event = FocusOutEvent {
3006                            blurred: WeakFocusHandle {
3007                                id: blurred_id,
3008                                handles: Arc::downgrade(&cx.window.focus_handles),
3009                            },
3010                        };
3011                        listener(event, cx)
3012                    }
3013                }
3014                true
3015            }));
3016        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
3017        subscription
3018    }
3019
3020    fn reset_cursor_style(&self) {
3021        // Set the cursor only if we're the active window.
3022        if self.is_window_hovered() {
3023            let style = self
3024                .window
3025                .rendered_frame
3026                .cursor_styles
3027                .iter()
3028                .rev()
3029                .find(|request| request.hitbox_id.is_hovered(self))
3030                .map(|request| request.style)
3031                .unwrap_or(CursorStyle::Arrow);
3032            self.platform.set_cursor_style(style);
3033        }
3034    }
3035
3036    /// Dispatch a given keystroke as though the user had typed it.
3037    /// You can create a keystroke with Keystroke::parse("").
3038    pub fn dispatch_keystroke(&mut self, keystroke: Keystroke) -> bool {
3039        let keystroke = keystroke.with_simulated_ime();
3040        let result = self.dispatch_event(PlatformInput::KeyDown(KeyDownEvent {
3041            keystroke: keystroke.clone(),
3042            is_held: false,
3043        }));
3044        if !result.propagate {
3045            return true;
3046        }
3047
3048        if let Some(input) = keystroke.ime_key {
3049            if let Some(mut input_handler) = self.window.platform_window.take_input_handler() {
3050                input_handler.dispatch_input(&input, self);
3051                self.window.platform_window.set_input_handler(input_handler);
3052                return true;
3053            }
3054        }
3055
3056        false
3057    }
3058
3059    /// Represent this action as a key binding string, to display in the UI.
3060    pub fn keystroke_text_for(&self, action: &dyn Action) -> String {
3061        self.bindings_for_action(action)
3062            .into_iter()
3063            .next()
3064            .map(|binding| {
3065                binding
3066                    .keystrokes()
3067                    .iter()
3068                    .map(ToString::to_string)
3069                    .collect::<Vec<_>>()
3070                    .join(" ")
3071            })
3072            .unwrap_or_else(|| action.name().to_string())
3073    }
3074
3075    /// Dispatch a mouse or keyboard event on the window.
3076    #[profiling::function]
3077    pub fn dispatch_event(&mut self, event: PlatformInput) -> DispatchEventResult {
3078        self.window.last_input_timestamp.set(Instant::now());
3079        // Handlers may set this to false by calling `stop_propagation`.
3080        self.app.propagate_event = true;
3081        // Handlers may set this to true by calling `prevent_default`.
3082        self.window.default_prevented = false;
3083
3084        let event = match event {
3085            // Track the mouse position with our own state, since accessing the platform
3086            // API for the mouse position can only occur on the main thread.
3087            PlatformInput::MouseMove(mouse_move) => {
3088                self.window.mouse_position = mouse_move.position;
3089                self.window.modifiers = mouse_move.modifiers;
3090                PlatformInput::MouseMove(mouse_move)
3091            }
3092            PlatformInput::MouseDown(mouse_down) => {
3093                self.window.mouse_position = mouse_down.position;
3094                self.window.modifiers = mouse_down.modifiers;
3095                PlatformInput::MouseDown(mouse_down)
3096            }
3097            PlatformInput::MouseUp(mouse_up) => {
3098                self.window.mouse_position = mouse_up.position;
3099                self.window.modifiers = mouse_up.modifiers;
3100                PlatformInput::MouseUp(mouse_up)
3101            }
3102            PlatformInput::MouseExited(mouse_exited) => {
3103                self.window.modifiers = mouse_exited.modifiers;
3104                PlatformInput::MouseExited(mouse_exited)
3105            }
3106            PlatformInput::ModifiersChanged(modifiers_changed) => {
3107                self.window.modifiers = modifiers_changed.modifiers;
3108                PlatformInput::ModifiersChanged(modifiers_changed)
3109            }
3110            PlatformInput::ScrollWheel(scroll_wheel) => {
3111                self.window.mouse_position = scroll_wheel.position;
3112                self.window.modifiers = scroll_wheel.modifiers;
3113                PlatformInput::ScrollWheel(scroll_wheel)
3114            }
3115            // Translate dragging and dropping of external files from the operating system
3116            // to internal drag and drop events.
3117            PlatformInput::FileDrop(file_drop) => match file_drop {
3118                FileDropEvent::Entered { position, paths } => {
3119                    self.window.mouse_position = position;
3120                    if self.active_drag.is_none() {
3121                        self.active_drag = Some(AnyDrag {
3122                            value: Box::new(paths.clone()),
3123                            view: self.new_view(|_| paths).into(),
3124                            cursor_offset: position,
3125                        });
3126                    }
3127                    PlatformInput::MouseMove(MouseMoveEvent {
3128                        position,
3129                        pressed_button: Some(MouseButton::Left),
3130                        modifiers: Modifiers::default(),
3131                    })
3132                }
3133                FileDropEvent::Pending { position } => {
3134                    self.window.mouse_position = position;
3135                    PlatformInput::MouseMove(MouseMoveEvent {
3136                        position,
3137                        pressed_button: Some(MouseButton::Left),
3138                        modifiers: Modifiers::default(),
3139                    })
3140                }
3141                FileDropEvent::Submit { position } => {
3142                    self.activate(true);
3143                    self.window.mouse_position = position;
3144                    PlatformInput::MouseUp(MouseUpEvent {
3145                        button: MouseButton::Left,
3146                        position,
3147                        modifiers: Modifiers::default(),
3148                        click_count: 1,
3149                    })
3150                }
3151                FileDropEvent::Exited => {
3152                    self.active_drag.take();
3153                    PlatformInput::FileDrop(FileDropEvent::Exited)
3154                }
3155            },
3156            PlatformInput::KeyDown(_) | PlatformInput::KeyUp(_) => event,
3157        };
3158
3159        if let Some(any_mouse_event) = event.mouse_event() {
3160            self.dispatch_mouse_event(any_mouse_event);
3161        } else if let Some(any_key_event) = event.keyboard_event() {
3162            self.dispatch_key_event(any_key_event);
3163        }
3164
3165        DispatchEventResult {
3166            propagate: self.app.propagate_event,
3167            default_prevented: self.window.default_prevented,
3168        }
3169    }
3170
3171    fn dispatch_mouse_event(&mut self, event: &dyn Any) {
3172        let hit_test = self.window.rendered_frame.hit_test(self.mouse_position());
3173        if hit_test != self.window.mouse_hit_test {
3174            self.window.mouse_hit_test = hit_test;
3175            self.reset_cursor_style();
3176        }
3177
3178        let mut mouse_listeners = mem::take(&mut self.window.rendered_frame.mouse_listeners);
3179
3180        // Capture phase, events bubble from back to front. Handlers for this phase are used for
3181        // special purposes, such as detecting events outside of a given Bounds.
3182        for listener in &mut mouse_listeners {
3183            let listener = listener.as_mut().unwrap();
3184            listener(event, DispatchPhase::Capture, self);
3185            if !self.app.propagate_event {
3186                break;
3187            }
3188        }
3189
3190        // Bubble phase, where most normal handlers do their work.
3191        if self.app.propagate_event {
3192            for listener in mouse_listeners.iter_mut().rev() {
3193                let listener = listener.as_mut().unwrap();
3194                listener(event, DispatchPhase::Bubble, self);
3195                if !self.app.propagate_event {
3196                    break;
3197                }
3198            }
3199        }
3200
3201        self.window.rendered_frame.mouse_listeners = mouse_listeners;
3202
3203        if self.has_active_drag() {
3204            if event.is::<MouseMoveEvent>() {
3205                // If this was a mouse move event, redraw the window so that the
3206                // active drag can follow the mouse cursor.
3207                self.refresh();
3208            } else if event.is::<MouseUpEvent>() {
3209                // If this was a mouse up event, cancel the active drag and redraw
3210                // the window.
3211                self.active_drag = None;
3212                self.refresh();
3213            }
3214        }
3215    }
3216
3217    fn dispatch_key_event(&mut self, event: &dyn Any) {
3218        if self.window.dirty.get() {
3219            self.draw();
3220        }
3221
3222        let node_id = self
3223            .window
3224            .focus
3225            .and_then(|focus_id| {
3226                self.window
3227                    .rendered_frame
3228                    .dispatch_tree
3229                    .focusable_node_id(focus_id)
3230            })
3231            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
3232
3233        let dispatch_path = self
3234            .window
3235            .rendered_frame
3236            .dispatch_tree
3237            .dispatch_path(node_id);
3238
3239        let mut keystroke: Option<Keystroke> = None;
3240
3241        if let Some(event) = event.downcast_ref::<ModifiersChangedEvent>() {
3242            if event.modifiers.number_of_modifiers() == 0
3243                && self.window.pending_modifier.modifiers.number_of_modifiers() == 1
3244                && !self.window.pending_modifier.saw_keystroke
3245            {
3246                if event.modifiers.number_of_modifiers() == 0 {
3247                    let key = match self.window.pending_modifier.modifiers {
3248                        modifiers if modifiers.shift => Some("shift"),
3249                        modifiers if modifiers.control => Some("control"),
3250                        modifiers if modifiers.alt => Some("alt"),
3251                        modifiers if modifiers.platform => Some("platform"),
3252                        modifiers if modifiers.function => Some("function"),
3253                        _ => None,
3254                    };
3255                    if let Some(key) = key {
3256                        keystroke = Some(Keystroke {
3257                            key: key.to_string(),
3258                            ime_key: None,
3259                            modifiers: Modifiers::default(),
3260                        });
3261                    }
3262                }
3263            }
3264            if self.window.pending_modifier.modifiers.number_of_modifiers() == 0
3265                && event.modifiers.number_of_modifiers() == 1
3266            {
3267                self.window.pending_modifier.saw_keystroke = false
3268            }
3269            self.window.pending_modifier.modifiers = event.modifiers
3270        } else if let Some(key_down_event) = event.downcast_ref::<KeyDownEvent>() {
3271            self.window.pending_modifier.saw_keystroke = true;
3272            keystroke = Some(key_down_event.keystroke.clone());
3273        }
3274
3275        let Some(keystroke) = keystroke else {
3276            self.finish_dispatch_key_event(event, dispatch_path);
3277            return;
3278        };
3279
3280        let mut currently_pending = self.window.pending_input.take().unwrap_or_default();
3281        if currently_pending.focus.is_some() && currently_pending.focus != self.window.focus {
3282            currently_pending = PendingInput::default();
3283        }
3284
3285        let match_result = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.dispatch_key(
3286            currently_pending.keystrokes,
3287            keystroke,
3288            &dispatch_path,
3289        );
3290        if !match_result.to_replay.is_empty() {
3291            self.replay_pending_input(match_result.to_replay)
3292        }
3293
3294        if !match_result.pending.is_empty() {
3295            currently_pending.keystrokes = match_result.pending;
3296            currently_pending.focus = self.window.focus;
3297            currently_pending.timer = Some(self.spawn(|mut cx| async move {
3298                cx.background_executor.timer(Duration::from_secs(1)).await;
3299                cx.update(move |cx| {
3300                    let Some(currently_pending) = cx
3301                        .window
3302                        .pending_input
3303                        .take()
3304                        .filter(|pending| pending.focus == cx.window.focus)
3305                    else {
3306                        return;
3307                    };
3308
3309                    let dispatch_path = cx
3310                        .window
3311                        .rendered_frame
3312                        .dispatch_tree
3313                        .dispatch_path(node_id);
3314
3315                    let to_replay = cx
3316                        .window
3317                        .rendered_frame
3318                        .dispatch_tree
3319                        .flush_dispatch(currently_pending.keystrokes, &dispatch_path);
3320
3321                    cx.replay_pending_input(to_replay)
3322                })
3323                .log_err();
3324            }));
3325            self.window.pending_input = Some(currently_pending);
3326            self.pending_input_changed();
3327            self.propagate_event = false;
3328            return;
3329        }
3330
3331        self.pending_input_changed();
3332        self.propagate_event = true;
3333        for binding in match_result.bindings {
3334            self.dispatch_action_on_node(node_id, binding.action.as_ref());
3335            if !self.propagate_event {
3336                self.dispatch_keystroke_observers(event, Some(binding.action));
3337                return;
3338            }
3339        }
3340
3341        self.finish_dispatch_key_event(event, dispatch_path)
3342    }
3343
3344    fn finish_dispatch_key_event(
3345        &mut self,
3346        event: &dyn Any,
3347        dispatch_path: SmallVec<[DispatchNodeId; 32]>,
3348    ) {
3349        self.dispatch_key_down_up_event(event, &dispatch_path);
3350        if !self.propagate_event {
3351            return;
3352        }
3353
3354        self.dispatch_modifiers_changed_event(event, &dispatch_path);
3355        if !self.propagate_event {
3356            return;
3357        }
3358
3359        self.dispatch_keystroke_observers(event, None);
3360    }
3361
3362    fn pending_input_changed(&mut self) {
3363        self.window
3364            .pending_input_observers
3365            .clone()
3366            .retain(&(), |callback| callback(self));
3367    }
3368
3369    fn dispatch_key_down_up_event(
3370        &mut self,
3371        event: &dyn Any,
3372        dispatch_path: &SmallVec<[DispatchNodeId; 32]>,
3373    ) {
3374        // Capture phase
3375        for node_id in dispatch_path {
3376            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
3377
3378            for key_listener in node.key_listeners.clone() {
3379                key_listener(event, DispatchPhase::Capture, self);
3380                if !self.propagate_event {
3381                    return;
3382                }
3383            }
3384        }
3385
3386        // Bubble phase
3387        for node_id in dispatch_path.iter().rev() {
3388            // Handle low level key events
3389            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
3390            for key_listener in node.key_listeners.clone() {
3391                key_listener(event, DispatchPhase::Bubble, self);
3392                if !self.propagate_event {
3393                    return;
3394                }
3395            }
3396        }
3397    }
3398
3399    fn dispatch_modifiers_changed_event(
3400        &mut self,
3401        event: &dyn Any,
3402        dispatch_path: &SmallVec<[DispatchNodeId; 32]>,
3403    ) {
3404        let Some(event) = event.downcast_ref::<ModifiersChangedEvent>() else {
3405            return;
3406        };
3407        for node_id in dispatch_path.iter().rev() {
3408            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
3409            for listener in node.modifiers_changed_listeners.clone() {
3410                listener(event, self);
3411                if !self.propagate_event {
3412                    return;
3413                }
3414            }
3415        }
3416    }
3417
3418    /// Determine whether a potential multi-stroke key binding is in progress on this window.
3419    pub fn has_pending_keystrokes(&self) -> bool {
3420        self.window.pending_input.is_some()
3421    }
3422
3423    pub(crate) fn clear_pending_keystrokes(&mut self) {
3424        self.window.pending_input.take();
3425    }
3426
3427    /// Returns the currently pending input keystrokes that might result in a multi-stroke key binding.
3428    pub fn pending_input_keystrokes(&self) -> Option<&[Keystroke]> {
3429        self.window
3430            .pending_input
3431            .as_ref()
3432            .map(|pending_input| pending_input.keystrokes.as_slice())
3433    }
3434
3435    fn replay_pending_input(&mut self, replays: SmallVec<[Replay; 1]>) {
3436        let node_id = self
3437            .window
3438            .focus
3439            .and_then(|focus_id| {
3440                self.window
3441                    .rendered_frame
3442                    .dispatch_tree
3443                    .focusable_node_id(focus_id)
3444            })
3445            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
3446
3447        let dispatch_path = self
3448            .window
3449            .rendered_frame
3450            .dispatch_tree
3451            .dispatch_path(node_id);
3452
3453        'replay: for replay in replays {
3454            let event = KeyDownEvent {
3455                keystroke: replay.keystroke.clone(),
3456                is_held: false,
3457            };
3458
3459            self.propagate_event = true;
3460            for binding in replay.bindings {
3461                self.dispatch_action_on_node(node_id, binding.action.as_ref());
3462                if !self.propagate_event {
3463                    self.dispatch_keystroke_observers(&event, Some(binding.action));
3464                    continue 'replay;
3465                }
3466            }
3467
3468            self.dispatch_key_down_up_event(&event, &dispatch_path);
3469            if !self.propagate_event {
3470                continue 'replay;
3471            }
3472            if let Some(input) = replay.keystroke.ime_key.as_ref().cloned() {
3473                if let Some(mut input_handler) = self.window.platform_window.take_input_handler() {
3474                    input_handler.dispatch_input(&input, self);
3475                    self.window.platform_window.set_input_handler(input_handler)
3476                }
3477            }
3478        }
3479    }
3480
3481    fn dispatch_action_on_node(&mut self, node_id: DispatchNodeId, action: &dyn Action) {
3482        let dispatch_path = self
3483            .window
3484            .rendered_frame
3485            .dispatch_tree
3486            .dispatch_path(node_id);
3487
3488        // Capture phase for global actions.
3489        self.propagate_event = true;
3490        if let Some(mut global_listeners) = self
3491            .global_action_listeners
3492            .remove(&action.as_any().type_id())
3493        {
3494            for listener in &global_listeners {
3495                listener(action.as_any(), DispatchPhase::Capture, self);
3496                if !self.propagate_event {
3497                    break;
3498                }
3499            }
3500
3501            global_listeners.extend(
3502                self.global_action_listeners
3503                    .remove(&action.as_any().type_id())
3504                    .unwrap_or_default(),
3505            );
3506
3507            self.global_action_listeners
3508                .insert(action.as_any().type_id(), global_listeners);
3509        }
3510
3511        if !self.propagate_event {
3512            return;
3513        }
3514
3515        // Capture phase for window actions.
3516        for node_id in &dispatch_path {
3517            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
3518            for DispatchActionListener {
3519                action_type,
3520                listener,
3521            } in node.action_listeners.clone()
3522            {
3523                let any_action = action.as_any();
3524                if action_type == any_action.type_id() {
3525                    listener(any_action, DispatchPhase::Capture, self);
3526
3527                    if !self.propagate_event {
3528                        return;
3529                    }
3530                }
3531            }
3532        }
3533
3534        // Bubble phase for window actions.
3535        for node_id in dispatch_path.iter().rev() {
3536            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
3537            for DispatchActionListener {
3538                action_type,
3539                listener,
3540            } in node.action_listeners.clone()
3541            {
3542                let any_action = action.as_any();
3543                if action_type == any_action.type_id() {
3544                    self.propagate_event = false; // Actions stop propagation by default during the bubble phase
3545                    listener(any_action, DispatchPhase::Bubble, self);
3546
3547                    if !self.propagate_event {
3548                        return;
3549                    }
3550                }
3551            }
3552        }
3553
3554        // Bubble phase for global actions.
3555        if let Some(mut global_listeners) = self
3556            .global_action_listeners
3557            .remove(&action.as_any().type_id())
3558        {
3559            for listener in global_listeners.iter().rev() {
3560                self.propagate_event = false; // Actions stop propagation by default during the bubble phase
3561
3562                listener(action.as_any(), DispatchPhase::Bubble, self);
3563                if !self.propagate_event {
3564                    break;
3565                }
3566            }
3567
3568            global_listeners.extend(
3569                self.global_action_listeners
3570                    .remove(&action.as_any().type_id())
3571                    .unwrap_or_default(),
3572            );
3573
3574            self.global_action_listeners
3575                .insert(action.as_any().type_id(), global_listeners);
3576        }
3577    }
3578
3579    /// Register the given handler to be invoked whenever the global of the given type
3580    /// is updated.
3581    pub fn observe_global<G: Global>(
3582        &mut self,
3583        f: impl Fn(&mut WindowContext<'_>) + 'static,
3584    ) -> Subscription {
3585        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
3586        let (subscription, activate) = self.global_observers.insert(
3587            TypeId::of::<G>(),
3588            Box::new(move |cx| window_handle.update(cx, |_, cx| f(cx)).is_ok()),
3589        );
3590        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
3591        subscription
3592    }
3593
3594    /// Focus the current window and bring it to the foreground at the platform level.
3595    pub fn activate_window(&self) {
3596        self.window.platform_window.activate();
3597    }
3598
3599    /// Minimize the current window at the platform level.
3600    pub fn minimize_window(&self) {
3601        self.window.platform_window.minimize();
3602    }
3603
3604    /// Toggle full screen status on the current window at the platform level.
3605    pub fn toggle_fullscreen(&self) {
3606        self.window.platform_window.toggle_fullscreen();
3607    }
3608
3609    /// Updates the IME panel position suggestions for languages like japanese, chinese.
3610    pub fn invalidate_character_coordinates(&mut self) {
3611        self.on_next_frame(|cx| {
3612            if let Some(mut input_handler) = cx.window.platform_window.take_input_handler() {
3613                if let Some(bounds) = input_handler.selected_bounds(cx) {
3614                    cx.window.platform_window.update_ime_position(bounds);
3615                }
3616                cx.window.platform_window.set_input_handler(input_handler);
3617            }
3618        });
3619    }
3620
3621    /// Present a platform dialog.
3622    /// The provided message will be presented, along with buttons for each answer.
3623    /// When a button is clicked, the returned Receiver will receive the index of the clicked button.
3624    pub fn prompt(
3625        &mut self,
3626        level: PromptLevel,
3627        message: &str,
3628        detail: Option<&str>,
3629        answers: &[&str],
3630    ) -> oneshot::Receiver<usize> {
3631        let prompt_builder = self.app.prompt_builder.take();
3632        let Some(prompt_builder) = prompt_builder else {
3633            unreachable!("Re-entrant window prompting is not supported by GPUI");
3634        };
3635
3636        let receiver = match &prompt_builder {
3637            PromptBuilder::Default => self
3638                .window
3639                .platform_window
3640                .prompt(level, message, detail, answers)
3641                .unwrap_or_else(|| {
3642                    self.build_custom_prompt(&prompt_builder, level, message, detail, answers)
3643                }),
3644            PromptBuilder::Custom(_) => {
3645                self.build_custom_prompt(&prompt_builder, level, message, detail, answers)
3646            }
3647        };
3648
3649        self.app.prompt_builder = Some(prompt_builder);
3650
3651        receiver
3652    }
3653
3654    fn build_custom_prompt(
3655        &mut self,
3656        prompt_builder: &PromptBuilder,
3657        level: PromptLevel,
3658        message: &str,
3659        detail: Option<&str>,
3660        answers: &[&str],
3661    ) -> oneshot::Receiver<usize> {
3662        let (sender, receiver) = oneshot::channel();
3663        let handle = PromptHandle::new(sender);
3664        let handle = (prompt_builder)(level, message, detail, answers, handle, self);
3665        self.window.prompt = Some(handle);
3666        receiver
3667    }
3668
3669    /// Returns all available actions for the focused element.
3670    pub fn available_actions(&self) -> Vec<Box<dyn Action>> {
3671        let node_id = self
3672            .window
3673            .focus
3674            .and_then(|focus_id| {
3675                self.window
3676                    .rendered_frame
3677                    .dispatch_tree
3678                    .focusable_node_id(focus_id)
3679            })
3680            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
3681
3682        let mut actions = self
3683            .window
3684            .rendered_frame
3685            .dispatch_tree
3686            .available_actions(node_id);
3687        for action_type in self.global_action_listeners.keys() {
3688            if let Err(ix) = actions.binary_search_by_key(action_type, |a| a.as_any().type_id()) {
3689                let action = self.actions.build_action_type(action_type).ok();
3690                if let Some(action) = action {
3691                    actions.insert(ix, action);
3692                }
3693            }
3694        }
3695        actions
3696    }
3697
3698    /// Returns key bindings that invoke the given action on the currently focused element.
3699    pub fn bindings_for_action(&self, action: &dyn Action) -> Vec<KeyBinding> {
3700        self.window
3701            .rendered_frame
3702            .dispatch_tree
3703            .bindings_for_action(
3704                action,
3705                &self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.context_stack,
3706            )
3707    }
3708
3709    /// Returns any bindings that would invoke the given action on the given focus handle if it were focused.
3710    pub fn bindings_for_action_in(
3711        &self,
3712        action: &dyn Action,
3713        focus_handle: &FocusHandle,
3714    ) -> Vec<KeyBinding> {
3715        let dispatch_tree = &self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree;
3716
3717        let Some(node_id) = dispatch_tree.focusable_node_id(focus_handle.id) else {
3718            return vec![];
3719        };
3720        let context_stack: Vec<_> = dispatch_tree
3721            .dispatch_path(node_id)
3722            .into_iter()
3723            .filter_map(|node_id| dispatch_tree.node(node_id).context.clone())
3724            .collect();
3725        dispatch_tree.bindings_for_action(action, &context_stack)
3726    }
3727
3728    /// Returns a generic event listener that invokes the given listener with the view and context associated with the given view handle.
3729    pub fn listener_for<V: Render, E>(
3730        &self,
3731        view: &View<V>,
3732        f: impl Fn(&mut V, &E, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
3733    ) -> impl Fn(&E, &mut WindowContext) + 'static {
3734        let view = view.downgrade();
3735        move |e: &E, cx: &mut WindowContext| {
3736            view.update(cx, |view, cx| f(view, e, cx)).ok();
3737        }
3738    }
3739
3740    /// Returns a generic handler that invokes the given handler with the view and context associated with the given view handle.
3741    pub fn handler_for<V: Render>(
3742        &self,
3743        view: &View<V>,
3744        f: impl Fn(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
3745    ) -> impl Fn(&mut WindowContext) {
3746        let view = view.downgrade();
3747        move |cx: &mut WindowContext| {
3748            view.update(cx, |view, cx| f(view, cx)).ok();
3749        }
3750    }
3751
3752    /// Register a callback that can interrupt the closing of the current window based the returned boolean.
3753    /// If the callback returns false, the window won't be closed.
3754    pub fn on_window_should_close(&mut self, f: impl Fn(&mut WindowContext) -> bool + 'static) {
3755        let mut this = self.to_async();
3756        self.window
3757            .platform_window
3758            .on_should_close(Box::new(move || this.update(|cx| f(cx)).unwrap_or(true)))
3759    }
3760
3761    /// Register an action listener on the window for the next frame. The type of action
3762    /// is determined by the first parameter of the given listener. When the next frame is rendered
3763    /// the listener will be cleared.
3764    ///
3765    /// This is a fairly low-level method, so prefer using action handlers on elements unless you have
3766    /// a specific need to register a global listener.
3767    pub fn on_action(
3768        &mut self,
3769        action_type: TypeId,
3770        listener: impl Fn(&dyn Any, DispatchPhase, &mut WindowContext) + 'static,
3771    ) {
3772        self.window
3773            .next_frame
3774            .dispatch_tree
3775            .on_action(action_type, Rc::new(listener));
3776    }
3777
3778    /// Read information about the GPU backing this window.
3779    /// Currently returns None on Mac and Windows.
3780    pub fn gpu_specs(&self) -> Option<GPUSpecs> {
3781        self.window.platform_window.gpu_specs()
3782    }
3783}
3784
3785#[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
3786impl WindowContext<'_> {
3787    /// Returns the raw HWND handle for the window.
3788    pub fn get_raw_handle(&self) -> windows::Win32::Foundation::HWND {
3789        self.window.platform_window.get_raw_handle()
3790    }
3791}
3792
3793impl Context for WindowContext<'_> {
3794    type Result<T> = T;
3795
3796    fn new_model<T>(&mut self, build_model: impl FnOnce(&mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> T) -> Model<T>
3797    where
3798        T: 'static,
3799    {
3800        let slot = self.app.entities.reserve();
3801        let model = build_model(&mut ModelContext::new(&mut *self.app, slot.downgrade()));
3802        self.entities.insert(slot, model)
3803    }
3804
3805    fn reserve_model<T: 'static>(&mut self) -> Self::Result<crate::Reservation<T>> {
3806        self.app.reserve_model()
3807    }
3808
3809    fn insert_model<T: 'static>(
3810        &mut self,
3811        reservation: crate::Reservation<T>,
3812        build_model: impl FnOnce(&mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> T,
3813    ) -> Self::Result<Model<T>> {
3814        self.app.insert_model(reservation, build_model)
3815    }
3816
3817    fn update_model<T: 'static, R>(
3818        &mut self,
3819        model: &Model<T>,
3820        update: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> R,
3821    ) -> R {
3822        let mut entity = self.entities.lease(model);
3823        let result = update(
3824            &mut *entity,
3825            &mut ModelContext::new(&mut *self.app, model.downgrade()),
3826        );
3827        self.entities.end_lease(entity);
3828        result
3829    }
3830
3831    fn read_model<T, R>(
3832        &self,
3833        handle: &Model<T>,
3834        read: impl FnOnce(&T, &AppContext) -> R,
3835    ) -> Self::Result<R>
3836    where
3837        T: 'static,
3838    {
3839        let entity = self.entities.read(handle);
3840        read(entity, &*self.app)
3841    }
3842
3843    fn update_window<T, F>(&mut self, window: AnyWindowHandle, update: F) -> Result<T>
3844    where
3845        F: FnOnce(AnyView, &mut WindowContext<'_>) -> T,
3846    {
3847        if window == self.window.handle {
3848            let root_view = self.window.root_view.clone().unwrap();
3849            Ok(update(root_view, self))
3850        } else {
3851            window.update(self.app, update)
3852        }
3853    }
3854
3855    fn read_window<T, R>(
3856        &self,
3857        window: &WindowHandle<T>,
3858        read: impl FnOnce(View<T>, &AppContext) -> R,
3859    ) -> Result<R>
3860    where
3861        T: 'static,
3862    {
3863        if window.any_handle == self.window.handle {
3864            let root_view = self
3865                .window
3866                .root_view
3867                .clone()
3868                .unwrap()
3869                .downcast::<T>()
3870                .map_err(|_| anyhow!("the type of the window's root view has changed"))?;
3871            Ok(read(root_view, self))
3872        } else {
3873            self.app.read_window(window, read)
3874        }
3875    }
3876}
3877
3878impl VisualContext for WindowContext<'_> {
3879    fn new_view<V>(
3880        &mut self,
3881        build_view_state: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, V>) -> V,
3882    ) -> Self::Result<View<V>>
3883    where
3884        V: 'static + Render,
3885    {
3886        let slot = self.app.entities.reserve();
3887        let view = View {
3888            model: slot.clone(),
3889        };
3890        let mut cx = ViewContext::new(&mut *self.app, &mut *self.window, &view);
3891        let entity = build_view_state(&mut cx);
3892        cx.entities.insert(slot, entity);
3893
3894        // Non-generic part to avoid leaking SubscriberSet to invokers of `new_view`.
3895        fn notify_observers(cx: &mut WindowContext, tid: TypeId, view: AnyView) {
3896            cx.new_view_observers.clone().retain(&tid, |observer| {
3897                let any_view = view.clone();
3898                (observer)(any_view, cx);
3899                true
3900            });
3901        }
3902        notify_observers(self, TypeId::of::<V>(), AnyView::from(view.clone()));
3903
3904        view
3905    }
3906
3907    /// Updates the given view. Prefer calling [`View::update`] instead, which calls this method.
3908    fn update_view<T: 'static, R>(
3909        &mut self,
3910        view: &View<T>,
3911        update: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut ViewContext<'_, T>) -> R,
3912    ) -> Self::Result<R> {
3913        let mut lease = self.app.entities.lease(&view.model);
3914        let mut cx = ViewContext::new(&mut *self.app, &mut *self.window, view);
3915        let result = update(&mut *lease, &mut cx);
3916        cx.app.entities.end_lease(lease);
3917        result
3918    }
3919
3920    fn replace_root_view<V>(
3921        &mut self,
3922        build_view: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, V>) -> V,
3923    ) -> Self::Result<View<V>>
3924    where
3925        V: 'static + Render,
3926    {
3927        let view = self.new_view(build_view);
3928        self.window.root_view = Some(view.clone().into());
3929        self.refresh();
3930        view
3931    }
3932
3933    fn focus_view<V: crate::FocusableView>(&mut self, view: &View<V>) -> Self::Result<()> {
3934        self.update_view(view, |view, cx| {
3935            view.focus_handle(cx).clone().focus(cx);
3936        })
3937    }
3938
3939    fn dismiss_view<V>(&mut self, view: &View<V>) -> Self::Result<()>
3940    where
3941        V: ManagedView,
3942    {
3943        self.update_view(view, |_, cx| cx.emit(DismissEvent))
3944    }
3945}
3946
3947impl<'a> std::ops::Deref for WindowContext<'a> {
3948    type Target = AppContext;
3949
3950    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
3951        self.app
3952    }
3953}
3954
3955impl<'a> std::ops::DerefMut for WindowContext<'a> {
3956    fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
3957        self.app
3958    }
3959}
3960
3961impl<'a> Borrow<AppContext> for WindowContext<'a> {
3962    fn borrow(&self) -> &AppContext {
3963        self.app
3964    }
3965}
3966
3967impl<'a> BorrowMut<AppContext> for WindowContext<'a> {
3968    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut AppContext {
3969        self.app
3970    }
3971}
3972
3973/// This trait contains functionality that is shared across [`ViewContext`] and [`WindowContext`]
3974pub trait BorrowWindow: BorrowMut<Window> + BorrowMut<AppContext> {
3975    #[doc(hidden)]
3976    fn app_mut(&mut self) -> &mut AppContext {
3977        self.borrow_mut()
3978    }
3979
3980    #[doc(hidden)]
3981    fn app(&self) -> &AppContext {
3982        self.borrow()
3983    }
3984
3985    #[doc(hidden)]
3986    fn window(&self) -> &Window {
3987        self.borrow()
3988    }
3989
3990    #[doc(hidden)]
3991    fn window_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Window {
3992        self.borrow_mut()
3993    }
3994}
3995
3996impl Borrow<Window> for WindowContext<'_> {
3997    fn borrow(&self) -> &Window {
3998        self.window
3999    }
4000}
4001
4002impl BorrowMut<Window> for WindowContext<'_> {
4003    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Window {
4004        self.window
4005    }
4006}
4007
4008impl<T> BorrowWindow for T where T: BorrowMut<AppContext> + BorrowMut<Window> {}
4009
4010/// Provides access to application state that is specialized for a particular [`View`].
4011/// Allows you to interact with focus, emit events, etc.
4012/// ViewContext also derefs to [`WindowContext`], giving you access to all of its methods as well.
4013/// When you call [`View::update`], you're passed a `&mut V` and an `&mut ViewContext<V>`.
4014pub struct ViewContext<'a, V> {
4015    window_cx: WindowContext<'a>,
4016    view: &'a View<V>,
4017}
4018
4019impl<V> Borrow<AppContext> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
4020    fn borrow(&self) -> &AppContext {
4021        &*self.window_cx.app
4022    }
4023}
4024
4025impl<V> BorrowMut<AppContext> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
4026    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut AppContext {
4027        &mut *self.window_cx.app
4028    }
4029}
4030
4031impl<V> Borrow<Window> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
4032    fn borrow(&self) -> &Window {
4033        &*self.window_cx.window
4034    }
4035}
4036
4037impl<V> BorrowMut<Window> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
4038    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Window {
4039        &mut *self.window_cx.window
4040    }
4041}
4042
4043impl<'a, V: 'static> ViewContext<'a, V> {
4044    pub(crate) fn new(app: &'a mut AppContext, window: &'a mut Window, view: &'a View<V>) -> Self {
4045        Self {
4046            window_cx: WindowContext::new(app, window),
4047            view,
4048        }
4049    }
4050
4051    /// Get the entity_id of this view.
4052    pub fn entity_id(&self) -> EntityId {
4053        self.view.entity_id()
4054    }
4055
4056    /// Get the view pointer underlying this context.
4057    pub fn view(&self) -> &View<V> {
4058        self.view
4059    }
4060
4061    /// Get the model underlying this view.
4062    pub fn model(&self) -> &Model<V> {
4063        &self.view.model
4064    }
4065
4066    /// Access the underlying window context.
4067    pub fn window_context(&mut self) -> &mut WindowContext<'a> {
4068        &mut self.window_cx
4069    }
4070
4071    /// Sets a given callback to be run on the next frame.
4072    pub fn on_next_frame(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static)
4073    where
4074        V: 'static,
4075    {
4076        let view = self.view().clone();
4077        self.window_cx.on_next_frame(move |cx| view.update(cx, f));
4078    }
4079
4080    /// Schedules the given function to be run at the end of the current effect cycle, allowing entities
4081    /// that are currently on the stack to be returned to the app.
4082    pub fn defer(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static) {
4083        let view = self.view().downgrade();
4084        self.window_cx.defer(move |cx| {
4085            view.update(cx, f).ok();
4086        });
4087    }
4088
4089    /// Observe another model or view for changes to its state, as tracked by [`ModelContext::notify`].
4090    pub fn observe<V2, E>(
4091        &mut self,
4092        entity: &E,
4093        mut on_notify: impl FnMut(&mut V, E, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
4094    ) -> Subscription
4095    where
4096        V2: 'static,
4097        V: 'static,
4098        E: Entity<V2>,
4099    {
4100        let view = self.view().downgrade();
4101        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
4102        let entity = entity.downgrade();
4103        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
4104        self.app.new_observer(
4105            entity_id,
4106            Box::new(move |cx| {
4107                window_handle
4108                    .update(cx, |_, cx| {
4109                        if let Some(handle) = E::upgrade_from(&entity) {
4110                            view.update(cx, |this, cx| on_notify(this, handle, cx))
4111                                .is_ok()
4112                        } else {
4113                            false
4114                        }
4115                    })
4116                    .unwrap_or(false)
4117            }),
4118        )
4119    }
4120
4121    /// Subscribe to events emitted by another model or view.
4122    /// The entity to which you're subscribing must implement the [`EventEmitter`] trait.
4123    /// The callback will be invoked with a reference to the current view, a handle to the emitting entity (either a [`View`] or [`Model`]), the event, and a view context for the current view.
4124    pub fn subscribe<V2, E, Evt>(
4125        &mut self,
4126        entity: &E,
4127        mut on_event: impl FnMut(&mut V, E, &Evt, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
4128    ) -> Subscription
4129    where
4130        V2: EventEmitter<Evt>,
4131        E: Entity<V2>,
4132        Evt: 'static,
4133    {
4134        let view = self.view().downgrade();
4135        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
4136        let handle = entity.downgrade();
4137        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
4138        self.app.new_subscription(
4139            entity_id,
4140            (
4141                TypeId::of::<Evt>(),
4142                Box::new(move |event, cx| {
4143                    window_handle
4144                        .update(cx, |_, cx| {
4145                            if let Some(handle) = E::upgrade_from(&handle) {
4146                                let event = event.downcast_ref().expect("invalid event type");
4147                                view.update(cx, |this, cx| on_event(this, handle, event, cx))
4148                                    .is_ok()
4149                            } else {
4150                                false
4151                            }
4152                        })
4153                        .unwrap_or(false)
4154                }),
4155            ),
4156        )
4157    }
4158
4159    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the view is released.
4160    ///
4161    /// The callback receives a handle to the view's window. This handle may be
4162    /// invalid, if the window was closed before the view was released.
4163    pub fn on_release(
4164        &mut self,
4165        on_release: impl FnOnce(&mut V, AnyWindowHandle, &mut AppContext) + 'static,
4166    ) -> Subscription {
4167        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
4168        let (subscription, activate) = self.app.release_listeners.insert(
4169            self.view.model.entity_id,
4170            Box::new(move |this, cx| {
4171                let this = this.downcast_mut().expect("invalid entity type");
4172                on_release(this, window_handle, cx)
4173            }),
4174        );
4175        activate();
4176        subscription
4177    }
4178
4179    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the given Model or View is released.
4180    pub fn observe_release<V2, E>(
4181        &mut self,
4182        entity: &E,
4183        mut on_release: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut V2, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
4184    ) -> Subscription
4185    where
4186        V: 'static,
4187        V2: 'static,
4188        E: Entity<V2>,
4189    {
4190        let view = self.view().downgrade();
4191        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
4192        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
4193        let (subscription, activate) = self.app.release_listeners.insert(
4194            entity_id,
4195            Box::new(move |entity, cx| {
4196                let entity = entity.downcast_mut().expect("invalid entity type");
4197                let _ = window_handle.update(cx, |_, cx| {
4198                    view.update(cx, |this, cx| on_release(this, entity, cx))
4199                });
4200            }),
4201        );
4202        activate();
4203        subscription
4204    }
4205
4206    /// Indicate that this view has changed, which will invoke any observers and also mark the window as dirty.
4207    /// If this view or any of its ancestors are *cached*, notifying it will cause it or its ancestors to be redrawn.
4208    pub fn notify(&mut self) {
4209        self.window_cx.notify(self.view.entity_id());
4210    }
4211
4212    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the window is resized.
4213    pub fn observe_window_bounds(
4214        &mut self,
4215        mut callback: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4216    ) -> Subscription {
4217        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4218        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.bounds_observers.insert(
4219            (),
4220            Box::new(move |cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| callback(view, cx)).is_ok()),
4221        );
4222        activate();
4223        subscription
4224    }
4225
4226    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the window is activated or deactivated.
4227    pub fn observe_window_activation(
4228        &mut self,
4229        mut callback: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4230    ) -> Subscription {
4231        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4232        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.activation_observers.insert(
4233            (),
4234            Box::new(move |cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| callback(view, cx)).is_ok()),
4235        );
4236        activate();
4237        subscription
4238    }
4239
4240    /// Registers a callback to be invoked when the window appearance changes.
4241    pub fn observe_window_appearance(
4242        &mut self,
4243        mut callback: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4244    ) -> Subscription {
4245        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4246        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.appearance_observers.insert(
4247            (),
4248            Box::new(move |cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| callback(view, cx)).is_ok()),
4249        );
4250        activate();
4251        subscription
4252    }
4253
4254    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the window's pending input changes.
4255    pub fn observe_pending_input(
4256        &mut self,
4257        mut callback: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4258    ) -> Subscription {
4259        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4260        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.pending_input_observers.insert(
4261            (),
4262            Box::new(move |cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| callback(view, cx)).is_ok()),
4263        );
4264        activate();
4265        subscription
4266    }
4267
4268    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle receives focus.
4269    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
4270    pub fn on_focus(
4271        &mut self,
4272        handle: &FocusHandle,
4273        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4274    ) -> Subscription {
4275        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4276        let focus_id = handle.id;
4277        let (subscription, activate) =
4278            self.window.new_focus_listener(Box::new(move |event, cx| {
4279                view.update(cx, |view, cx| {
4280                    if event.previous_focus_path.last() != Some(&focus_id)
4281                        && event.current_focus_path.last() == Some(&focus_id)
4282                    {
4283                        listener(view, cx)
4284                    }
4285                })
4286                .is_ok()
4287            }));
4288        self.app.defer(|_| activate());
4289        subscription
4290    }
4291
4292    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle or one of its descendants receives focus.
4293    /// This does not fire if the given focus handle - or one of its descendants - was previously focused.
4294    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
4295    pub fn on_focus_in(
4296        &mut self,
4297        handle: &FocusHandle,
4298        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4299    ) -> Subscription {
4300        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4301        let focus_id = handle.id;
4302        let (subscription, activate) =
4303            self.window.new_focus_listener(Box::new(move |event, cx| {
4304                view.update(cx, |view, cx| {
4305                    if event.is_focus_in(focus_id) {
4306                        listener(view, cx)
4307                    }
4308                })
4309                .is_ok()
4310            }));
4311        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
4312        subscription
4313    }
4314
4315    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle loses focus.
4316    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
4317    pub fn on_blur(
4318        &mut self,
4319        handle: &FocusHandle,
4320        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4321    ) -> Subscription {
4322        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4323        let focus_id = handle.id;
4324        let (subscription, activate) =
4325            self.window.new_focus_listener(Box::new(move |event, cx| {
4326                view.update(cx, |view, cx| {
4327                    if event.previous_focus_path.last() == Some(&focus_id)
4328                        && event.current_focus_path.last() != Some(&focus_id)
4329                    {
4330                        listener(view, cx)
4331                    }
4332                })
4333                .is_ok()
4334            }));
4335        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
4336        subscription
4337    }
4338
4339    /// Register a listener to be called when nothing in the window has focus.
4340    /// This typically happens when the node that was focused is removed from the tree,
4341    /// and this callback lets you chose a default place to restore the users focus.
4342    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
4343    pub fn on_focus_lost(
4344        &mut self,
4345        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4346    ) -> Subscription {
4347        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4348        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.focus_lost_listeners.insert(
4349            (),
4350            Box::new(move |cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| listener(view, cx)).is_ok()),
4351        );
4352        activate();
4353        subscription
4354    }
4355
4356    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle or one of its descendants loses focus.
4357    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
4358    pub fn on_focus_out(
4359        &mut self,
4360        handle: &FocusHandle,
4361        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, FocusOutEvent, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4362    ) -> Subscription {
4363        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4364        let focus_id = handle.id;
4365        let (subscription, activate) =
4366            self.window.new_focus_listener(Box::new(move |event, cx| {
4367                view.update(cx, |view, cx| {
4368                    if let Some(blurred_id) = event.previous_focus_path.last().copied() {
4369                        if event.is_focus_out(focus_id) {
4370                            let event = FocusOutEvent {
4371                                blurred: WeakFocusHandle {
4372                                    id: blurred_id,
4373                                    handles: Arc::downgrade(&cx.window.focus_handles),
4374                                },
4375                            };
4376                            listener(view, event, cx)
4377                        }
4378                    }
4379                })
4380                .is_ok()
4381            }));
4382        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
4383        subscription
4384    }
4385
4386    /// Schedule a future to be run asynchronously.
4387    /// The given callback is invoked with a [`WeakView<V>`] to avoid leaking the view for a long-running process.
4388    /// It's also given an [`AsyncWindowContext`], which can be used to access the state of the view across await points.
4389    /// The returned future will be polled on the main thread.
4390    pub fn spawn<Fut, R>(
4391        &mut self,
4392        f: impl FnOnce(WeakView<V>, AsyncWindowContext) -> Fut,
4393    ) -> Task<R>
4394    where
4395        R: 'static,
4396        Fut: Future<Output = R> + 'static,
4397    {
4398        let view = self.view().downgrade();
4399        self.window_cx.spawn(|cx| f(view, cx))
4400    }
4401
4402    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the given global state changes.
4403    pub fn observe_global<G: Global>(
4404        &mut self,
4405        mut f: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
4406    ) -> Subscription {
4407        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
4408        let view = self.view().downgrade();
4409        let (subscription, activate) = self.global_observers.insert(
4410            TypeId::of::<G>(),
4411            Box::new(move |cx| {
4412                window_handle
4413                    .update(cx, |_, cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| f(view, cx)).is_ok())
4414                    .unwrap_or(false)
4415            }),
4416        );
4417        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
4418        subscription
4419    }
4420
4421    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the given Action type is dispatched to the window.
4422    pub fn on_action(
4423        &mut self,
4424        action_type: TypeId,
4425        listener: impl Fn(&mut V, &dyn Any, DispatchPhase, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4426    ) {
4427        let handle = self.view().clone();
4428        self.window_cx
4429            .on_action(action_type, move |action, phase, cx| {
4430                handle.update(cx, |view, cx| {
4431                    listener(view, action, phase, cx);
4432                })
4433            });
4434    }
4435
4436    /// Emit an event to be handled by any other views that have subscribed via [ViewContext::subscribe].
4437    pub fn emit<Evt>(&mut self, event: Evt)
4438    where
4439        Evt: 'static,
4440        V: EventEmitter<Evt>,
4441    {
4442        let emitter = self.view.model.entity_id;
4443        self.app.push_effect(Effect::Emit {
4444            emitter,
4445            event_type: TypeId::of::<Evt>(),
4446            event: Box::new(event),
4447        });
4448    }
4449
4450    /// Move focus to the current view, assuming it implements [`FocusableView`].
4451    pub fn focus_self(&mut self)
4452    where
4453        V: FocusableView,
4454    {
4455        self.defer(|view, cx| view.focus_handle(cx).focus(cx))
4456    }
4457
4458    /// Convenience method for accessing view state in an event callback.
4459    ///
4460    /// Many GPUI callbacks take the form of `Fn(&E, &mut WindowContext)`,
4461    /// but it's often useful to be able to access view state in these
4462    /// callbacks. This method provides a convenient way to do so.
4463    pub fn listener<E: ?Sized>(
4464        &self,
4465        f: impl Fn(&mut V, &E, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4466    ) -> impl Fn(&E, &mut WindowContext) + 'static {
4467        let view = self.view().downgrade();
4468        move |e: &E, cx: &mut WindowContext| {
4469            view.update(cx, |view, cx| f(view, e, cx)).ok();
4470        }
4471    }
4472}
4473
4474impl<V> Context for ViewContext<'_, V> {
4475    type Result<U> = U;
4476
4477    fn new_model<T: 'static>(
4478        &mut self,
4479        build_model: impl FnOnce(&mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> T,
4480    ) -> Model<T> {
4481        self.window_cx.new_model(build_model)
4482    }
4483
4484    fn reserve_model<T: 'static>(&mut self) -> Self::Result<crate::Reservation<T>> {
4485        self.window_cx.reserve_model()
4486    }
4487
4488    fn insert_model<T: 'static>(
4489        &mut self,
4490        reservation: crate::Reservation<T>,
4491        build_model: impl FnOnce(&mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> T,
4492    ) -> Self::Result<Model<T>> {
4493        self.window_cx.insert_model(reservation, build_model)
4494    }
4495
4496    fn update_model<T: 'static, R>(
4497        &mut self,
4498        model: &Model<T>,
4499        update: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> R,
4500    ) -> R {
4501        self.window_cx.update_model(model, update)
4502    }
4503
4504    fn read_model<T, R>(
4505        &self,
4506        handle: &Model<T>,
4507        read: impl FnOnce(&T, &AppContext) -> R,
4508    ) -> Self::Result<R>
4509    where
4510        T: 'static,
4511    {
4512        self.window_cx.read_model(handle, read)
4513    }
4514
4515    fn update_window<T, F>(&mut self, window: AnyWindowHandle, update: F) -> Result<T>
4516    where
4517        F: FnOnce(AnyView, &mut WindowContext<'_>) -> T,
4518    {
4519        self.window_cx.update_window(window, update)
4520    }
4521
4522    fn read_window<T, R>(
4523        &self,
4524        window: &WindowHandle<T>,
4525        read: impl FnOnce(View<T>, &AppContext) -> R,
4526    ) -> Result<R>
4527    where
4528        T: 'static,
4529    {
4530        self.window_cx.read_window(window, read)
4531    }
4532}
4533
4534impl<V: 'static> VisualContext for ViewContext<'_, V> {
4535    fn new_view<W: Render + 'static>(
4536        &mut self,
4537        build_view_state: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, W>) -> W,
4538    ) -> Self::Result<View<W>> {
4539        self.window_cx.new_view(build_view_state)
4540    }
4541
4542    fn update_view<V2: 'static, R>(
4543        &mut self,
4544        view: &View<V2>,
4545        update: impl FnOnce(&mut V2, &mut ViewContext<'_, V2>) -> R,
4546    ) -> Self::Result<R> {
4547        self.window_cx.update_view(view, update)
4548    }
4549
4550    fn replace_root_view<W>(
4551        &mut self,
4552        build_view: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, W>) -> W,
4553    ) -> Self::Result<View<W>>
4554    where
4555        W: 'static + Render,
4556    {
4557        self.window_cx.replace_root_view(build_view)
4558    }
4559
4560    fn focus_view<W: FocusableView>(&mut self, view: &View<W>) -> Self::Result<()> {
4561        self.window_cx.focus_view(view)
4562    }
4563
4564    fn dismiss_view<W: ManagedView>(&mut self, view: &View<W>) -> Self::Result<()> {
4565        self.window_cx.dismiss_view(view)
4566    }
4567}
4568
4569impl<'a, V> std::ops::Deref for ViewContext<'a, V> {
4570    type Target = WindowContext<'a>;
4571
4572    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
4573        &self.window_cx
4574    }
4575}
4576
4577impl<'a, V> std::ops::DerefMut for ViewContext<'a, V> {
4578    fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
4579        &mut self.window_cx
4580    }
4581}
4582
4583// #[derive(Clone, Copy, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
4584slotmap::new_key_type! {
4585    /// A unique identifier for a window.
4586    pub struct WindowId;
4587}
4588
4589impl WindowId {
4590    /// Converts this window ID to a `u64`.
4591    pub fn as_u64(&self) -> u64 {
4592        self.0.as_ffi()
4593    }
4594}
4595
4596impl From<u64> for WindowId {
4597    fn from(value: u64) -> Self {
4598        WindowId(slotmap::KeyData::from_ffi(value))
4599    }
4600}
4601
4602/// A handle to a window with a specific root view type.
4603/// Note that this does not keep the window alive on its own.
4604#[derive(Deref, DerefMut)]
4605pub struct WindowHandle<V> {
4606    #[deref]
4607    #[deref_mut]
4608    pub(crate) any_handle: AnyWindowHandle,
4609    state_type: PhantomData<V>,
4610}
4611
4612impl<V: 'static + Render> WindowHandle<V> {
4613    /// Creates a new handle from a window ID.
4614    /// This does not check if the root type of the window is `V`.
4615    pub fn new(id: WindowId) -> Self {
4616        WindowHandle {
4617            any_handle: AnyWindowHandle {
4618                id,
4619                state_type: TypeId::of::<V>(),
4620            },
4621            state_type: PhantomData,
4622        }
4623    }
4624
4625    /// Get the root view out of this window.
4626    ///
4627    /// This will fail if the window is closed or if the root view's type does not match `V`.
4628    pub fn root<C>(&self, cx: &mut C) -> Result<View<V>>
4629    where
4630        C: Context,
4631    {
4632        Flatten::flatten(cx.update_window(self.any_handle, |root_view, _| {
4633            root_view
4634                .downcast::<V>()
4635                .map_err(|_| anyhow!("the type of the window's root view has changed"))
4636        }))
4637    }
4638
4639    /// Updates the root view of this window.
4640    ///
4641    /// This will fail if the window has been closed or if the root view's type does not match
4642    pub fn update<C, R>(
4643        &self,
4644        cx: &mut C,
4645        update: impl FnOnce(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) -> R,
4646    ) -> Result<R>
4647    where
4648        C: Context,
4649    {
4650        cx.update_window(self.any_handle, |root_view, cx| {
4651            let view = root_view
4652                .downcast::<V>()
4653                .map_err(|_| anyhow!("the type of the window's root view has changed"))?;
4654            Ok(cx.update_view(&view, update))
4655        })?
4656    }
4657
4658    /// Read the root view out of this window.
4659    ///
4660    /// This will fail if the window is closed or if the root view's type does not match `V`.
4661    pub fn read<'a>(&self, cx: &'a AppContext) -> Result<&'a V> {
4662        let x = cx
4663            .windows
4664            .get(self.id)
4665            .and_then(|window| {
4666                window
4667                    .as_ref()
4668                    .and_then(|window| window.root_view.clone())
4669                    .map(|root_view| root_view.downcast::<V>())
4670            })
4671            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("window not found"))?
4672            .map_err(|_| anyhow!("the type of the window's root view has changed"))?;
4673
4674        Ok(x.read(cx))
4675    }
4676
4677    /// Read the root view out of this window, with a callback
4678    ///
4679    /// This will fail if the window is closed or if the root view's type does not match `V`.
4680    pub fn read_with<C, R>(&self, cx: &C, read_with: impl FnOnce(&V, &AppContext) -> R) -> Result<R>
4681    where
4682        C: Context,
4683    {
4684        cx.read_window(self, |root_view, cx| read_with(root_view.read(cx), cx))
4685    }
4686
4687    /// Read the root view pointer off of this window.
4688    ///
4689    /// This will fail if the window is closed or if the root view's type does not match `V`.
4690    pub fn root_view<C>(&self, cx: &C) -> Result<View<V>>
4691    where
4692        C: Context,
4693    {
4694        cx.read_window(self, |root_view, _cx| root_view.clone())
4695    }
4696
4697    /// Check if this window is 'active'.
4698    ///
4699    /// Will return `None` if the window is closed or currently
4700    /// borrowed.
4701    pub fn is_active(&self, cx: &mut AppContext) -> Option<bool> {
4702        cx.update_window(self.any_handle, |_, cx| cx.is_window_active())
4703            .ok()
4704    }
4705}
4706
4707impl<V> Copy for WindowHandle<V> {}
4708
4709impl<V> Clone for WindowHandle<V> {
4710    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
4711        *self
4712    }
4713}
4714
4715impl<V> PartialEq for WindowHandle<V> {
4716    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
4717        self.any_handle == other.any_handle
4718    }
4719}
4720
4721impl<V> Eq for WindowHandle<V> {}
4722
4723impl<V> Hash for WindowHandle<V> {
4724    fn hash<H: Hasher>(&self, state: &mut H) {
4725        self.any_handle.hash(state);
4726    }
4727}
4728
4729impl<V: 'static> From<WindowHandle<V>> for AnyWindowHandle {
4730    fn from(val: WindowHandle<V>) -> Self {
4731        val.any_handle
4732    }
4733}
4734
4735unsafe impl<V> Send for WindowHandle<V> {}
4736unsafe impl<V> Sync for WindowHandle<V> {}
4737
4738/// A handle to a window with any root view type, which can be downcast to a window with a specific root view type.
4739#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
4740pub struct AnyWindowHandle {
4741    pub(crate) id: WindowId,
4742    state_type: TypeId,
4743}
4744
4745impl AnyWindowHandle {
4746    /// Get the ID of this window.
4747    pub fn window_id(&self) -> WindowId {
4748        self.id
4749    }
4750
4751    /// Attempt to convert this handle to a window handle with a specific root view type.
4752    /// If the types do not match, this will return `None`.
4753    pub fn downcast<T: 'static>(&self) -> Option<WindowHandle<T>> {
4754        if TypeId::of::<T>() == self.state_type {
4755            Some(WindowHandle {
4756                any_handle: *self,
4757                state_type: PhantomData,
4758            })
4759        } else {
4760            None
4761        }
4762    }
4763
4764    /// Updates the state of the root view of this window.
4765    ///
4766    /// This will fail if the window has been closed.
4767    pub fn update<C, R>(
4768        self,
4769        cx: &mut C,
4770        update: impl FnOnce(AnyView, &mut WindowContext<'_>) -> R,
4771    ) -> Result<R>
4772    where
4773        C: Context,
4774    {
4775        cx.update_window(self, update)
4776    }
4777
4778    /// Read the state of the root view of this window.
4779    ///
4780    /// This will fail if the window has been closed.
4781    pub fn read<T, C, R>(self, cx: &C, read: impl FnOnce(View<T>, &AppContext) -> R) -> Result<R>
4782    where
4783        C: Context,
4784        T: 'static,
4785    {
4786        let view = self
4787            .downcast::<T>()
4788            .context("the type of the window's root view has changed")?;
4789
4790        cx.read_window(&view, read)
4791    }
4792}
4793
4794/// An identifier for an [`Element`](crate::Element).
4795///
4796/// Can be constructed with a string, a number, or both, as well
4797/// as other internal representations.
4798#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
4799pub enum ElementId {
4800    /// The ID of a View element
4801    View(EntityId),
4802    /// An integer ID.
4803    Integer(usize),
4804    /// A string based ID.
4805    Name(SharedString),
4806    /// A UUID.
4807    Uuid(Uuid),
4808    /// An ID that's equated with a focus handle.
4809    FocusHandle(FocusId),
4810    /// A combination of a name and an integer.
4811    NamedInteger(SharedString, usize),
4812}
4813
4814impl Display for ElementId {
4815    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
4816        match self {
4817            ElementId::View(entity_id) => write!(f, "view-{}", entity_id)?,
4818            ElementId::Integer(ix) => write!(f, "{}", ix)?,
4819            ElementId::Name(name) => write!(f, "{}", name)?,
4820            ElementId::FocusHandle(_) => write!(f, "FocusHandle")?,
4821            ElementId::NamedInteger(s, i) => write!(f, "{}-{}", s, i)?,
4822            ElementId::Uuid(uuid) => write!(f, "{}", uuid)?,
4823        }
4824
4825        Ok(())
4826    }
4827}
4828
4829impl TryInto<SharedString> for ElementId {
4830    type Error = anyhow::Error;
4831
4832    fn try_into(self) -> anyhow::Result<SharedString> {
4833        if let ElementId::Name(name) = self {
4834            Ok(name)
4835        } else {
4836            Err(anyhow!("element id is not string"))
4837        }
4838    }
4839}
4840
4841impl From<usize> for ElementId {
4842    fn from(id: usize) -> Self {
4843        ElementId::Integer(id)
4844    }
4845}
4846
4847impl From<i32> for ElementId {
4848    fn from(id: i32) -> Self {
4849        Self::Integer(id as usize)
4850    }
4851}
4852
4853impl From<SharedString> for ElementId {
4854    fn from(name: SharedString) -> Self {
4855        ElementId::Name(name)
4856    }
4857}
4858
4859impl From<&'static str> for ElementId {
4860    fn from(name: &'static str) -> Self {
4861        ElementId::Name(name.into())
4862    }
4863}
4864
4865impl<'a> From<&'a FocusHandle> for ElementId {
4866    fn from(handle: &'a FocusHandle) -> Self {
4867        ElementId::FocusHandle(handle.id)
4868    }
4869}
4870
4871impl From<(&'static str, EntityId)> for ElementId {
4872    fn from((name, id): (&'static str, EntityId)) -> Self {
4873        ElementId::NamedInteger(name.into(), id.as_u64() as usize)
4874    }
4875}
4876
4877impl From<(&'static str, usize)> for ElementId {
4878    fn from((name, id): (&'static str, usize)) -> Self {
4879        ElementId::NamedInteger(name.into(), id)
4880    }
4881}
4882
4883impl From<(&'static str, u64)> for ElementId {
4884    fn from((name, id): (&'static str, u64)) -> Self {
4885        ElementId::NamedInteger(name.into(), id as usize)
4886    }
4887}
4888
4889impl From<Uuid> for ElementId {
4890    fn from(value: Uuid) -> Self {
4891        Self::Uuid(value)
4892    }
4893}
4894
4895impl From<(&'static str, u32)> for ElementId {
4896    fn from((name, id): (&'static str, u32)) -> Self {
4897        ElementId::NamedInteger(name.into(), id as usize)
4898    }
4899}
4900
4901/// A rectangle to be rendered in the window at the given position and size.
4902/// Passed as an argument [`WindowContext::paint_quad`].
4903#[derive(Clone)]
4904pub struct PaintQuad {
4905    /// The bounds of the quad within the window.
4906    pub bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
4907    /// The radii of the quad's corners.
4908    pub corner_radii: Corners<Pixels>,
4909    /// The background color of the quad.
4910    pub background: Hsla,
4911    /// The widths of the quad's borders.
4912    pub border_widths: Edges<Pixels>,
4913    /// The color of the quad's borders.
4914    pub border_color: Hsla,
4915}
4916
4917impl PaintQuad {
4918    /// Sets the corner radii of the quad.
4919    pub fn corner_radii(self, corner_radii: impl Into<Corners<Pixels>>) -> Self {
4920        PaintQuad {
4921            corner_radii: corner_radii.into(),
4922            ..self
4923        }
4924    }
4925
4926    /// Sets the border widths of the quad.
4927    pub fn border_widths(self, border_widths: impl Into<Edges<Pixels>>) -> Self {
4928        PaintQuad {
4929            border_widths: border_widths.into(),
4930            ..self
4931        }
4932    }
4933
4934    /// Sets the border color of the quad.
4935    pub fn border_color(self, border_color: impl Into<Hsla>) -> Self {
4936        PaintQuad {
4937            border_color: border_color.into(),
4938            ..self
4939        }
4940    }
4941
4942    /// Sets the background color of the quad.
4943    pub fn background(self, background: impl Into<Hsla>) -> Self {
4944        PaintQuad {
4945            background: background.into(),
4946            ..self
4947        }
4948    }
4949}
4950
4951/// Creates a quad with the given parameters.
4952pub fn quad(
4953    bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
4954    corner_radii: impl Into<Corners<Pixels>>,
4955    background: impl Into<Hsla>,
4956    border_widths: impl Into<Edges<Pixels>>,
4957    border_color: impl Into<Hsla>,
4958) -> PaintQuad {
4959    PaintQuad {
4960        bounds,
4961        corner_radii: corner_radii.into(),
4962        background: background.into(),
4963        border_widths: border_widths.into(),
4964        border_color: border_color.into(),
4965    }
4966}
4967
4968/// Creates a filled quad with the given bounds and background color.
4969pub fn fill(bounds: impl Into<Bounds<Pixels>>, background: impl Into<Hsla>) -> PaintQuad {
4970    PaintQuad {
4971        bounds: bounds.into(),
4972        corner_radii: (0.).into(),
4973        background: background.into(),
4974        border_widths: (0.).into(),
4975        border_color: transparent_black(),
4976    }
4977}
4978
4979/// Creates a rectangle outline with the given bounds, border color, and a 1px border width
4980pub fn outline(bounds: impl Into<Bounds<Pixels>>, border_color: impl Into<Hsla>) -> PaintQuad {
4981    PaintQuad {
4982        bounds: bounds.into(),
4983        corner_radii: (0.).into(),
4984        background: transparent_black(),
4985        border_widths: (1.).into(),
4986        border_color: border_color.into(),
4987    }
4988}