window.rs

   1use crate::{
   2    point, prelude::*, px, size, transparent_black, Action, AnyDrag, AnyElement, AnyTooltip,
   3    AnyView, AppContext, Arena, Asset, AsyncWindowContext, AvailableSpace, Background, Bounds,
   4    BoxShadow, Context, Corners, CursorStyle, Decorations, DevicePixels, DispatchActionListener,
   5    DispatchNodeId, DispatchTree, DisplayId, Edges, Effect, Entity, EntityId, EventEmitter,
   6    FileDropEvent, Flatten, FontId, Global, GlobalElementId, GlyphId, GpuSpecs, Hsla, InputHandler,
   7    IsZero, KeyBinding, KeyContext, KeyDownEvent, KeyEvent, Keystroke, KeystrokeEvent,
   8    KeystrokeObserver, LayoutId, LineLayoutIndex, Model, ModelContext, Modifiers,
   9    ModifiersChangedEvent, MonochromeSprite, MouseButton, MouseEvent, MouseMoveEvent, MouseUpEvent,
  10    Path, Pixels, PlatformAtlas, PlatformDisplay, PlatformInput, PlatformInputHandler,
  11    PlatformWindow, Point, PolychromeSprite, PromptLevel, Quad, Render, RenderGlyphParams,
  12    RenderImage, RenderImageParams, RenderSvgParams, Replay, ResizeEdge, ScaledPixels, Scene,
  13    Shadow, SharedString, Size, StrikethroughStyle, Style, SubscriberSet, Subscription,
  14    TaffyLayoutEngine, Task, TextStyle, TextStyleRefinement, TransformationMatrix, Underline,
  15    UnderlineStyle, View, VisualContext, WeakView, WindowAppearance, WindowBackgroundAppearance,
  16    WindowBounds, WindowControls, WindowDecorations, WindowOptions, WindowParams, WindowTextSystem,
  17    SUBPIXEL_VARIANTS,
  18};
  19use anyhow::{anyhow, Context as _, Result};
  20use collections::{FxHashMap, FxHashSet};
  21use derive_more::{Deref, DerefMut};
  22use futures::channel::oneshot;
  23use futures::FutureExt;
  24#[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
  25use media::core_video::CVImageBuffer;
  26use parking_lot::RwLock;
  27use refineable::Refineable;
  28use slotmap::SlotMap;
  29use smallvec::SmallVec;
  30use std::{
  31    any::{Any, TypeId},
  32    borrow::{Borrow, BorrowMut, Cow},
  33    cell::{Cell, RefCell},
  34    cmp,
  35    fmt::{Debug, Display},
  36    future::Future,
  37    hash::{Hash, Hasher},
  38    marker::PhantomData,
  39    mem,
  40    ops::Range,
  41    rc::Rc,
  42    sync::{
  43        atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering::SeqCst},
  44        Arc, Weak,
  45    },
  46    time::{Duration, Instant},
  47};
  48use util::post_inc;
  49use util::{measure, ResultExt};
  50use uuid::Uuid;
  51
  52mod prompts;
  53
  54pub use prompts::*;
  55
  56pub(crate) const DEFAULT_WINDOW_SIZE: Size<Pixels> = size(px(1024.), px(700.));
  57
  58/// Represents the two different phases when dispatching events.
  59#[derive(Default, Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
  60pub enum DispatchPhase {
  61    /// After the capture phase comes the bubble phase, in which mouse event listeners are
  62    /// invoked front to back and keyboard event listeners are invoked from the focused element
  63    /// to the root of the element tree. This is the phase you'll most commonly want to use when
  64    /// registering event listeners.
  65    #[default]
  66    Bubble,
  67    /// During the initial capture phase, mouse event listeners are invoked back to front, and keyboard
  68    /// listeners are invoked from the root of the tree downward toward the focused element. This phase
  69    /// is used for special purposes such as clearing the "pressed" state for click events. If
  70    /// you stop event propagation during this phase, you need to know what you're doing. Handlers
  71    /// outside of the immediate region may rely on detecting non-local events during this phase.
  72    Capture,
  73}
  74
  75impl DispatchPhase {
  76    /// Returns true if this represents the "bubble" phase.
  77    pub fn bubble(self) -> bool {
  78        self == DispatchPhase::Bubble
  79    }
  80
  81    /// Returns true if this represents the "capture" phase.
  82    pub fn capture(self) -> bool {
  83        self == DispatchPhase::Capture
  84    }
  85}
  86
  87type AnyObserver = Box<dyn FnMut(&mut WindowContext) -> bool + 'static>;
  88
  89type AnyWindowFocusListener =
  90    Box<dyn FnMut(&WindowFocusEvent, &mut WindowContext) -> bool + 'static>;
  91
  92struct WindowFocusEvent {
  93    previous_focus_path: SmallVec<[FocusId; 8]>,
  94    current_focus_path: SmallVec<[FocusId; 8]>,
  95}
  96
  97impl WindowFocusEvent {
  98    pub fn is_focus_in(&self, focus_id: FocusId) -> bool {
  99        !self.previous_focus_path.contains(&focus_id) && self.current_focus_path.contains(&focus_id)
 100    }
 101
 102    pub fn is_focus_out(&self, focus_id: FocusId) -> bool {
 103        self.previous_focus_path.contains(&focus_id) && !self.current_focus_path.contains(&focus_id)
 104    }
 105}
 106
 107/// This is provided when subscribing for `ViewContext::on_focus_out` events.
 108pub struct FocusOutEvent {
 109    /// A weak focus handle representing what was blurred.
 110    pub blurred: WeakFocusHandle,
 111}
 112
 113slotmap::new_key_type! {
 114    /// A globally unique identifier for a focusable element.
 115    pub struct FocusId;
 116}
 117
 118thread_local! {
 119    /// 8MB wasn't quite enough...
 120    pub(crate) static ELEMENT_ARENA: RefCell<Arena> = RefCell::new(Arena::new(32 * 1024 * 1024));
 121}
 122
 123impl FocusId {
 124    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle is currently focused.
 125    pub fn is_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 126        cx.window.focus == Some(*self)
 127    }
 128
 129    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle contains the focused
 130    /// element or is itself focused.
 131    pub fn contains_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 132        cx.focused()
 133            .map_or(false, |focused| self.contains(focused.id, cx))
 134    }
 135
 136    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle is contained within the
 137    /// focused element or is itself focused.
 138    pub fn within_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 139        let focused = cx.focused();
 140        focused.map_or(false, |focused| focused.id.contains(*self, cx))
 141    }
 142
 143    /// Obtains whether this handle contains the given handle in the most recently rendered frame.
 144    pub(crate) fn contains(&self, other: Self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 145        cx.window
 146            .rendered_frame
 147            .dispatch_tree
 148            .focus_contains(*self, other)
 149    }
 150}
 151
 152/// A handle which can be used to track and manipulate the focused element in a window.
 153pub struct FocusHandle {
 154    pub(crate) id: FocusId,
 155    handles: Arc<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>,
 156}
 157
 158impl std::fmt::Debug for FocusHandle {
 159    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
 160        f.write_fmt(format_args!("FocusHandle({:?})", self.id))
 161    }
 162}
 163
 164impl FocusHandle {
 165    pub(crate) fn new(handles: &Arc<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>) -> Self {
 166        let id = handles.write().insert(AtomicUsize::new(1));
 167        Self {
 168            id,
 169            handles: handles.clone(),
 170        }
 171    }
 172
 173    pub(crate) fn for_id(
 174        id: FocusId,
 175        handles: &Arc<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>,
 176    ) -> Option<Self> {
 177        let lock = handles.read();
 178        let ref_count = lock.get(id)?;
 179        if ref_count.load(SeqCst) == 0 {
 180            None
 181        } else {
 182            ref_count.fetch_add(1, SeqCst);
 183            Some(Self {
 184                id,
 185                handles: handles.clone(),
 186            })
 187        }
 188    }
 189
 190    /// Converts this focus handle into a weak variant, which does not prevent it from being released.
 191    pub fn downgrade(&self) -> WeakFocusHandle {
 192        WeakFocusHandle {
 193            id: self.id,
 194            handles: Arc::downgrade(&self.handles),
 195        }
 196    }
 197
 198    /// Moves the focus to the element associated with this handle.
 199    pub fn focus(&self, cx: &mut WindowContext) {
 200        cx.focus(self)
 201    }
 202
 203    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle is currently focused.
 204    pub fn is_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 205        self.id.is_focused(cx)
 206    }
 207
 208    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle contains the focused
 209    /// element or is itself focused.
 210    pub fn contains_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 211        self.id.contains_focused(cx)
 212    }
 213
 214    /// Obtains whether the element associated with this handle is contained within the
 215    /// focused element or is itself focused.
 216    pub fn within_focused(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 217        self.id.within_focused(cx)
 218    }
 219
 220    /// Obtains whether this handle contains the given handle in the most recently rendered frame.
 221    pub fn contains(&self, other: &Self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 222        self.id.contains(other.id, cx)
 223    }
 224
 225    /// Dispatch an action on the element that rendered this focus handle
 226    pub fn dispatch_action(&self, action: &dyn Action, cx: &mut WindowContext) {
 227        if let Some(node_id) = cx
 228            .window
 229            .rendered_frame
 230            .dispatch_tree
 231            .focusable_node_id(self.id)
 232        {
 233            cx.dispatch_action_on_node(node_id, action)
 234        }
 235    }
 236}
 237
 238impl Clone for FocusHandle {
 239    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
 240        Self::for_id(self.id, &self.handles).unwrap()
 241    }
 242}
 243
 244impl PartialEq for FocusHandle {
 245    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
 246        self.id == other.id
 247    }
 248}
 249
 250impl Eq for FocusHandle {}
 251
 252impl Drop for FocusHandle {
 253    fn drop(&mut self) {
 254        self.handles
 255            .read()
 256            .get(self.id)
 257            .unwrap()
 258            .fetch_sub(1, SeqCst);
 259    }
 260}
 261
 262/// A weak reference to a focus handle.
 263#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 264pub struct WeakFocusHandle {
 265    pub(crate) id: FocusId,
 266    handles: Weak<RwLock<SlotMap<FocusId, AtomicUsize>>>,
 267}
 268
 269impl WeakFocusHandle {
 270    /// Attempts to upgrade the [WeakFocusHandle] to a [FocusHandle].
 271    pub fn upgrade(&self) -> Option<FocusHandle> {
 272        let handles = self.handles.upgrade()?;
 273        FocusHandle::for_id(self.id, &handles)
 274    }
 275}
 276
 277impl PartialEq for WeakFocusHandle {
 278    fn eq(&self, other: &WeakFocusHandle) -> bool {
 279        self.id == other.id
 280    }
 281}
 282
 283impl Eq for WeakFocusHandle {}
 284
 285impl PartialEq<FocusHandle> for WeakFocusHandle {
 286    fn eq(&self, other: &FocusHandle) -> bool {
 287        self.id == other.id
 288    }
 289}
 290
 291impl PartialEq<WeakFocusHandle> for FocusHandle {
 292    fn eq(&self, other: &WeakFocusHandle) -> bool {
 293        self.id == other.id
 294    }
 295}
 296
 297/// FocusableView allows users of your view to easily
 298/// focus it (using cx.focus_view(view))
 299pub trait FocusableView: 'static + Render {
 300    /// Returns the focus handle associated with this view.
 301    fn focus_handle(&self, cx: &AppContext) -> FocusHandle;
 302}
 303
 304/// ManagedView is a view (like a Modal, Popover, Menu, etc.)
 305/// where the lifecycle of the view is handled by another view.
 306pub trait ManagedView: FocusableView + EventEmitter<DismissEvent> {}
 307
 308impl<M: FocusableView + EventEmitter<DismissEvent>> ManagedView for M {}
 309
 310/// Emitted by implementers of [`ManagedView`] to indicate the view should be dismissed, such as when a view is presented as a modal.
 311pub struct DismissEvent;
 312
 313type FrameCallback = Box<dyn FnOnce(&mut WindowContext)>;
 314
 315pub(crate) type AnyMouseListener =
 316    Box<dyn FnMut(&dyn Any, DispatchPhase, &mut WindowContext) + 'static>;
 317
 318#[derive(Clone)]
 319pub(crate) struct CursorStyleRequest {
 320    pub(crate) hitbox_id: HitboxId,
 321    pub(crate) style: CursorStyle,
 322}
 323
 324/// An identifier for a [Hitbox].
 325#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Default, Eq, PartialEq)]
 326pub struct HitboxId(usize);
 327
 328impl HitboxId {
 329    /// Checks if the hitbox with this id is currently hovered.
 330    pub fn is_hovered(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 331        cx.window.mouse_hit_test.0.contains(self)
 332    }
 333}
 334
 335/// A rectangular region that potentially blocks hitboxes inserted prior.
 336/// See [WindowContext::insert_hitbox] for more details.
 337#[derive(Clone, Debug, Deref)]
 338pub struct Hitbox {
 339    /// A unique identifier for the hitbox.
 340    pub id: HitboxId,
 341    /// The bounds of the hitbox.
 342    #[deref]
 343    pub bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
 344    /// The content mask when the hitbox was inserted.
 345    pub content_mask: ContentMask<Pixels>,
 346    /// Whether the hitbox occludes other hitboxes inserted prior.
 347    pub opaque: bool,
 348}
 349
 350impl Hitbox {
 351    /// Checks if the hitbox is currently hovered.
 352    pub fn is_hovered(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 353        self.id.is_hovered(cx)
 354    }
 355}
 356
 357#[derive(Default, Eq, PartialEq)]
 358pub(crate) struct HitTest(SmallVec<[HitboxId; 8]>);
 359
 360/// An identifier for a tooltip.
 361#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Default, Eq, PartialEq)]
 362pub struct TooltipId(usize);
 363
 364impl TooltipId {
 365    /// Checks if the tooltip is currently hovered.
 366    pub fn is_hovered(&self, cx: &WindowContext) -> bool {
 367        cx.window
 368            .tooltip_bounds
 369            .as_ref()
 370            .map_or(false, |tooltip_bounds| {
 371                tooltip_bounds.id == *self && tooltip_bounds.bounds.contains(&cx.mouse_position())
 372            })
 373    }
 374}
 375
 376pub(crate) struct TooltipBounds {
 377    id: TooltipId,
 378    bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
 379}
 380
 381#[derive(Clone)]
 382pub(crate) struct TooltipRequest {
 383    id: TooltipId,
 384    tooltip: AnyTooltip,
 385}
 386
 387pub(crate) struct DeferredDraw {
 388    priority: usize,
 389    parent_node: DispatchNodeId,
 390    element_id_stack: SmallVec<[ElementId; 32]>,
 391    text_style_stack: Vec<TextStyleRefinement>,
 392    element: Option<AnyElement>,
 393    absolute_offset: Point<Pixels>,
 394    prepaint_range: Range<PrepaintStateIndex>,
 395    paint_range: Range<PaintIndex>,
 396}
 397
 398pub(crate) struct Frame {
 399    pub(crate) focus: Option<FocusId>,
 400    pub(crate) window_active: bool,
 401    pub(crate) element_states: FxHashMap<(GlobalElementId, TypeId), ElementStateBox>,
 402    accessed_element_states: Vec<(GlobalElementId, TypeId)>,
 403    pub(crate) mouse_listeners: Vec<Option<AnyMouseListener>>,
 404    pub(crate) dispatch_tree: DispatchTree,
 405    pub(crate) scene: Scene,
 406    pub(crate) hitboxes: Vec<Hitbox>,
 407    pub(crate) deferred_draws: Vec<DeferredDraw>,
 408    pub(crate) input_handlers: Vec<Option<PlatformInputHandler>>,
 409    pub(crate) tooltip_requests: Vec<Option<TooltipRequest>>,
 410    pub(crate) cursor_styles: Vec<CursorStyleRequest>,
 411    #[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-support"))]
 412    pub(crate) debug_bounds: FxHashMap<String, Bounds<Pixels>>,
 413}
 414
 415#[derive(Clone, Default)]
 416pub(crate) struct PrepaintStateIndex {
 417    hitboxes_index: usize,
 418    tooltips_index: usize,
 419    deferred_draws_index: usize,
 420    dispatch_tree_index: usize,
 421    accessed_element_states_index: usize,
 422    line_layout_index: LineLayoutIndex,
 423}
 424
 425#[derive(Clone, Default)]
 426pub(crate) struct PaintIndex {
 427    scene_index: usize,
 428    mouse_listeners_index: usize,
 429    input_handlers_index: usize,
 430    cursor_styles_index: usize,
 431    accessed_element_states_index: usize,
 432    line_layout_index: LineLayoutIndex,
 433}
 434
 435impl Frame {
 436    pub(crate) fn new(dispatch_tree: DispatchTree) -> Self {
 437        Frame {
 438            focus: None,
 439            window_active: false,
 440            element_states: FxHashMap::default(),
 441            accessed_element_states: Vec::new(),
 442            mouse_listeners: Vec::new(),
 443            dispatch_tree,
 444            scene: Scene::default(),
 445            hitboxes: Vec::new(),
 446            deferred_draws: Vec::new(),
 447            input_handlers: Vec::new(),
 448            tooltip_requests: Vec::new(),
 449            cursor_styles: Vec::new(),
 450
 451            #[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-support"))]
 452            debug_bounds: FxHashMap::default(),
 453        }
 454    }
 455
 456    pub(crate) fn clear(&mut self) {
 457        self.element_states.clear();
 458        self.accessed_element_states.clear();
 459        self.mouse_listeners.clear();
 460        self.dispatch_tree.clear();
 461        self.scene.clear();
 462        self.input_handlers.clear();
 463        self.tooltip_requests.clear();
 464        self.cursor_styles.clear();
 465        self.hitboxes.clear();
 466        self.deferred_draws.clear();
 467        self.focus = None;
 468    }
 469
 470    pub(crate) fn hit_test(&self, position: Point<Pixels>) -> HitTest {
 471        let mut hit_test = HitTest::default();
 472        for hitbox in self.hitboxes.iter().rev() {
 473            let bounds = hitbox.bounds.intersect(&hitbox.content_mask.bounds);
 474            if bounds.contains(&position) {
 475                hit_test.0.push(hitbox.id);
 476                if hitbox.opaque {
 477                    break;
 478                }
 479            }
 480        }
 481        hit_test
 482    }
 483
 484    pub(crate) fn focus_path(&self) -> SmallVec<[FocusId; 8]> {
 485        self.focus
 486            .map(|focus_id| self.dispatch_tree.focus_path(focus_id))
 487            .unwrap_or_default()
 488    }
 489
 490    pub(crate) fn finish(&mut self, prev_frame: &mut Self) {
 491        for element_state_key in &self.accessed_element_states {
 492            if let Some((element_state_key, element_state)) =
 493                prev_frame.element_states.remove_entry(element_state_key)
 494            {
 495                self.element_states.insert(element_state_key, element_state);
 496            }
 497        }
 498
 499        self.scene.finish();
 500    }
 501}
 502
 503// Holds the state for a specific window.
 504#[doc(hidden)]
 505pub struct Window {
 506    pub(crate) handle: AnyWindowHandle,
 507    pub(crate) removed: bool,
 508    pub(crate) platform_window: Box<dyn PlatformWindow>,
 509    display_id: Option<DisplayId>,
 510    sprite_atlas: Arc<dyn PlatformAtlas>,
 511    text_system: Arc<WindowTextSystem>,
 512    rem_size: Pixels,
 513    /// The stack of override values for the window's rem size.
 514    ///
 515    /// This is used by `with_rem_size` to allow rendering an element tree with
 516    /// a given rem size.
 517    rem_size_override_stack: SmallVec<[Pixels; 8]>,
 518    pub(crate) viewport_size: Size<Pixels>,
 519    layout_engine: Option<TaffyLayoutEngine>,
 520    pub(crate) root_view: Option<AnyView>,
 521    pub(crate) element_id_stack: SmallVec<[ElementId; 32]>,
 522    pub(crate) text_style_stack: Vec<TextStyleRefinement>,
 523    pub(crate) element_offset_stack: Vec<Point<Pixels>>,
 524    pub(crate) element_opacity: Option<f32>,
 525    pub(crate) content_mask_stack: Vec<ContentMask<Pixels>>,
 526    pub(crate) requested_autoscroll: Option<Bounds<Pixels>>,
 527    pub(crate) rendered_frame: Frame,
 528    pub(crate) next_frame: Frame,
 529    pub(crate) next_hitbox_id: HitboxId,
 530    pub(crate) next_tooltip_id: TooltipId,
 531    pub(crate) tooltip_bounds: Option<TooltipBounds>,
 532    next_frame_callbacks: Rc<RefCell<Vec<FrameCallback>>>,
 533    pub(crate) dirty_views: FxHashSet<EntityId>,
 534    focus_listeners: SubscriberSet<(), AnyWindowFocusListener>,
 535    focus_lost_listeners: SubscriberSet<(), AnyObserver>,
 536    default_prevented: bool,
 537    mouse_position: Point<Pixels>,
 538    mouse_hit_test: HitTest,
 539    modifiers: Modifiers,
 540    scale_factor: f32,
 541    bounds_observers: SubscriberSet<(), AnyObserver>,
 542    appearance: WindowAppearance,
 543    appearance_observers: SubscriberSet<(), AnyObserver>,
 544    active: Rc<Cell<bool>>,
 545    hovered: Rc<Cell<bool>>,
 546    pub(crate) dirty: Rc<Cell<bool>>,
 547    pub(crate) needs_present: Rc<Cell<bool>>,
 548    pub(crate) last_input_timestamp: Rc<Cell<Instant>>,
 549    pub(crate) refreshing: bool,
 550    pub(crate) draw_phase: DrawPhase,
 551    activation_observers: SubscriberSet<(), AnyObserver>,
 552    pub(crate) focus: Option<FocusId>,
 553    focus_enabled: bool,
 554    pending_input: Option<PendingInput>,
 555    pending_modifier: ModifierState,
 556    pending_input_observers: SubscriberSet<(), AnyObserver>,
 557    prompt: Option<RenderablePromptHandle>,
 558}
 559
 560#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default)]
 561struct ModifierState {
 562    modifiers: Modifiers,
 563    saw_keystroke: bool,
 564}
 565
 566#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
 567pub(crate) enum DrawPhase {
 568    None,
 569    Prepaint,
 570    Paint,
 571    Focus,
 572}
 573
 574#[derive(Default, Debug)]
 575struct PendingInput {
 576    keystrokes: SmallVec<[Keystroke; 1]>,
 577    focus: Option<FocusId>,
 578    timer: Option<Task<()>>,
 579}
 580
 581pub(crate) struct ElementStateBox {
 582    pub(crate) inner: Box<dyn Any>,
 583    #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
 584    pub(crate) type_name: &'static str,
 585}
 586
 587fn default_bounds(display_id: Option<DisplayId>, cx: &mut AppContext) -> Bounds<Pixels> {
 588    const DEFAULT_WINDOW_OFFSET: Point<Pixels> = point(px(0.), px(35.));
 589
 590    cx.active_window()
 591        .and_then(|w| w.update(cx, |_, cx| cx.bounds()).ok())
 592        .map(|mut bounds| {
 593            bounds.origin += DEFAULT_WINDOW_OFFSET;
 594            bounds
 595        })
 596        .unwrap_or_else(|| {
 597            let display = display_id
 598                .map(|id| cx.find_display(id))
 599                .unwrap_or_else(|| cx.primary_display());
 600
 601            display
 602                .map(|display| display.default_bounds())
 603                .unwrap_or_else(|| Bounds::new(point(px(0.), px(0.)), DEFAULT_WINDOW_SIZE))
 604        })
 605}
 606
 607impl Window {
 608    pub(crate) fn new(
 609        handle: AnyWindowHandle,
 610        options: WindowOptions,
 611        cx: &mut AppContext,
 612    ) -> Result<Self> {
 613        let WindowOptions {
 614            window_bounds,
 615            titlebar,
 616            focus,
 617            show,
 618            kind,
 619            is_movable,
 620            display_id,
 621            window_background,
 622            app_id,
 623            window_min_size,
 624            window_decorations,
 625        } = options;
 626
 627        let bounds = window_bounds
 628            .map(|bounds| bounds.get_bounds())
 629            .unwrap_or_else(|| default_bounds(display_id, cx));
 630        let mut platform_window = cx.platform.open_window(
 631            handle,
 632            WindowParams {
 633                bounds,
 634                titlebar,
 635                kind,
 636                is_movable,
 637                focus,
 638                show,
 639                display_id,
 640                window_min_size,
 641            },
 642        )?;
 643        let display_id = platform_window.display().map(|display| display.id());
 644        let sprite_atlas = platform_window.sprite_atlas();
 645        let mouse_position = platform_window.mouse_position();
 646        let modifiers = platform_window.modifiers();
 647        let content_size = platform_window.content_size();
 648        let scale_factor = platform_window.scale_factor();
 649        let appearance = platform_window.appearance();
 650        let text_system = Arc::new(WindowTextSystem::new(cx.text_system().clone()));
 651        let dirty = Rc::new(Cell::new(true));
 652        let active = Rc::new(Cell::new(platform_window.is_active()));
 653        let hovered = Rc::new(Cell::new(platform_window.is_hovered()));
 654        let needs_present = Rc::new(Cell::new(false));
 655        let next_frame_callbacks: Rc<RefCell<Vec<FrameCallback>>> = Default::default();
 656        let last_input_timestamp = Rc::new(Cell::new(Instant::now()));
 657
 658        platform_window
 659            .request_decorations(window_decorations.unwrap_or(WindowDecorations::Server));
 660        platform_window.set_background_appearance(window_background);
 661
 662        if let Some(ref window_open_state) = window_bounds {
 663            match window_open_state {
 664                WindowBounds::Fullscreen(_) => platform_window.toggle_fullscreen(),
 665                WindowBounds::Maximized(_) => platform_window.zoom(),
 666                WindowBounds::Windowed(_) => {}
 667            }
 668        }
 669
 670        platform_window.on_close(Box::new({
 671            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 672            move || {
 673                let _ = handle.update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.remove_window());
 674            }
 675        }));
 676        platform_window.on_request_frame(Box::new({
 677            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 678            let dirty = dirty.clone();
 679            let active = active.clone();
 680            let needs_present = needs_present.clone();
 681            let next_frame_callbacks = next_frame_callbacks.clone();
 682            let last_input_timestamp = last_input_timestamp.clone();
 683            move |request_frame_options| {
 684                let next_frame_callbacks = next_frame_callbacks.take();
 685                if !next_frame_callbacks.is_empty() {
 686                    handle
 687                        .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| {
 688                            for callback in next_frame_callbacks {
 689                                callback(cx);
 690                            }
 691                        })
 692                        .log_err();
 693                }
 694
 695                // Keep presenting the current scene for 1 extra second since the
 696                // last input to prevent the display from underclocking the refresh rate.
 697                let needs_present = request_frame_options.require_presentation
 698                    || needs_present.get()
 699                    || (active.get()
 700                        && last_input_timestamp.get().elapsed() < Duration::from_secs(1));
 701
 702                if dirty.get() {
 703                    measure("frame duration", || {
 704                        handle
 705                            .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| {
 706                                cx.draw();
 707                                cx.present();
 708                            })
 709                            .log_err();
 710                    })
 711                } else if needs_present {
 712                    handle.update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.present()).log_err();
 713                }
 714
 715                handle
 716                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| {
 717                        cx.complete_frame();
 718                    })
 719                    .log_err();
 720            }
 721        }));
 722        platform_window.on_resize(Box::new({
 723            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 724            move |_, _| {
 725                handle
 726                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.bounds_changed())
 727                    .log_err();
 728            }
 729        }));
 730        platform_window.on_moved(Box::new({
 731            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 732            move || {
 733                handle
 734                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.bounds_changed())
 735                    .log_err();
 736            }
 737        }));
 738        platform_window.on_appearance_changed(Box::new({
 739            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 740            move || {
 741                handle
 742                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.appearance_changed())
 743                    .log_err();
 744            }
 745        }));
 746        platform_window.on_active_status_change(Box::new({
 747            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 748            move |active| {
 749                handle
 750                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| {
 751                        cx.window.active.set(active);
 752                        cx.window
 753                            .activation_observers
 754                            .clone()
 755                            .retain(&(), |callback| callback(cx));
 756                        cx.refresh();
 757                    })
 758                    .log_err();
 759            }
 760        }));
 761        platform_window.on_hover_status_change(Box::new({
 762            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 763            move |active| {
 764                handle
 765                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| {
 766                        cx.window.hovered.set(active);
 767                        cx.refresh();
 768                    })
 769                    .log_err();
 770            }
 771        }));
 772        platform_window.on_input({
 773            let mut cx = cx.to_async();
 774            Box::new(move |event| {
 775                handle
 776                    .update(&mut cx, |_, cx| cx.dispatch_event(event))
 777                    .log_err()
 778                    .unwrap_or(DispatchEventResult::default())
 779            })
 780        });
 781
 782        if let Some(app_id) = app_id {
 783            platform_window.set_app_id(&app_id);
 784        }
 785
 786        Ok(Window {
 787            handle,
 788            removed: false,
 789            platform_window,
 790            display_id,
 791            sprite_atlas,
 792            text_system,
 793            rem_size: px(16.),
 794            rem_size_override_stack: SmallVec::new(),
 795            viewport_size: content_size,
 796            layout_engine: Some(TaffyLayoutEngine::new()),
 797            root_view: None,
 798            element_id_stack: SmallVec::default(),
 799            text_style_stack: Vec::new(),
 800            element_offset_stack: Vec::new(),
 801            content_mask_stack: Vec::new(),
 802            element_opacity: None,
 803            requested_autoscroll: None,
 804            rendered_frame: Frame::new(DispatchTree::new(cx.keymap.clone(), cx.actions.clone())),
 805            next_frame: Frame::new(DispatchTree::new(cx.keymap.clone(), cx.actions.clone())),
 806            next_frame_callbacks,
 807            next_hitbox_id: HitboxId::default(),
 808            next_tooltip_id: TooltipId::default(),
 809            tooltip_bounds: None,
 810            dirty_views: FxHashSet::default(),
 811            focus_listeners: SubscriberSet::new(),
 812            focus_lost_listeners: SubscriberSet::new(),
 813            default_prevented: true,
 814            mouse_position,
 815            mouse_hit_test: HitTest::default(),
 816            modifiers,
 817            scale_factor,
 818            bounds_observers: SubscriberSet::new(),
 819            appearance,
 820            appearance_observers: SubscriberSet::new(),
 821            active,
 822            hovered,
 823            dirty,
 824            needs_present,
 825            last_input_timestamp,
 826            refreshing: false,
 827            draw_phase: DrawPhase::None,
 828            activation_observers: SubscriberSet::new(),
 829            focus: None,
 830            focus_enabled: true,
 831            pending_input: None,
 832            pending_modifier: ModifierState::default(),
 833            pending_input_observers: SubscriberSet::new(),
 834            prompt: None,
 835        })
 836    }
 837    fn new_focus_listener(&self, value: AnyWindowFocusListener) -> (Subscription, impl FnOnce()) {
 838        self.focus_listeners.insert((), value)
 839    }
 840}
 841
 842#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
 843pub(crate) struct DispatchEventResult {
 844    pub propagate: bool,
 845    pub default_prevented: bool,
 846}
 847
 848/// Indicates which region of the window is visible. Content falling outside of this mask will not be
 849/// rendered. Currently, only rectangular content masks are supported, but we give the mask its own type
 850/// to leave room to support more complex shapes in the future.
 851#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
 852#[repr(C)]
 853pub struct ContentMask<P: Clone + Default + Debug> {
 854    /// The bounds
 855    pub bounds: Bounds<P>,
 856}
 857
 858impl ContentMask<Pixels> {
 859    /// Scale the content mask's pixel units by the given scaling factor.
 860    pub fn scale(&self, factor: f32) -> ContentMask<ScaledPixels> {
 861        ContentMask {
 862            bounds: self.bounds.scale(factor),
 863        }
 864    }
 865
 866    /// Intersect the content mask with the given content mask.
 867    pub fn intersect(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
 868        let bounds = self.bounds.intersect(&other.bounds);
 869        ContentMask { bounds }
 870    }
 871}
 872
 873/// Provides access to application state in the context of a single window. Derefs
 874/// to an [`AppContext`], so you can also pass a [`WindowContext`] to any method that takes
 875/// an [`AppContext`] and call any [`AppContext`] methods.
 876pub struct WindowContext<'a> {
 877    pub(crate) app: &'a mut AppContext,
 878    pub(crate) window: &'a mut Window,
 879}
 880
 881impl<'a> WindowContext<'a> {
 882    pub(crate) fn new(app: &'a mut AppContext, window: &'a mut Window) -> Self {
 883        Self { app, window }
 884    }
 885
 886    /// Obtain a handle to the window that belongs to this context.
 887    pub fn window_handle(&self) -> AnyWindowHandle {
 888        self.window.handle
 889    }
 890
 891    /// Mark the window as dirty, scheduling it to be redrawn on the next frame.
 892    pub fn refresh(&mut self) {
 893        if self.window.draw_phase == DrawPhase::None {
 894            self.window.refreshing = true;
 895            self.window.dirty.set(true);
 896        }
 897    }
 898
 899    /// Indicate that this view has changed, which will invoke any observers and also mark the window as dirty.
 900    /// If this view or any of its ancestors are *cached*, notifying it will cause it or its ancestors to be redrawn.
 901    /// Note that this method will always cause a redraw, the entire window is refreshed if view_id is None.
 902    pub fn notify(&mut self, view_id: Option<EntityId>) {
 903        let Some(view_id) = view_id else {
 904            self.refresh();
 905            return;
 906        };
 907
 908        for view_id in self
 909            .window
 910            .rendered_frame
 911            .dispatch_tree
 912            .view_path(view_id)
 913            .into_iter()
 914            .rev()
 915        {
 916            if !self.window.dirty_views.insert(view_id) {
 917                break;
 918            }
 919        }
 920
 921        if self.window.draw_phase == DrawPhase::None {
 922            self.window.dirty.set(true);
 923            self.app.push_effect(Effect::Notify { emitter: view_id });
 924        }
 925    }
 926
 927    /// Close this window.
 928    pub fn remove_window(&mut self) {
 929        self.window.removed = true;
 930    }
 931
 932    /// Obtain the currently focused [`FocusHandle`]. If no elements are focused, returns `None`.
 933    pub fn focused(&self) -> Option<FocusHandle> {
 934        self.window
 935            .focus
 936            .and_then(|id| FocusHandle::for_id(id, &self.app.focus_handles))
 937    }
 938
 939    /// Move focus to the element associated with the given [`FocusHandle`].
 940    pub fn focus(&mut self, handle: &FocusHandle) {
 941        if !self.window.focus_enabled || self.window.focus == Some(handle.id) {
 942            return;
 943        }
 944
 945        self.window.focus = Some(handle.id);
 946        self.clear_pending_keystrokes();
 947        self.refresh();
 948    }
 949
 950    /// Remove focus from all elements within this context's window.
 951    pub fn blur(&mut self) {
 952        if !self.window.focus_enabled {
 953            return;
 954        }
 955
 956        self.window.focus = None;
 957        self.refresh();
 958    }
 959
 960    /// Blur the window and don't allow anything in it to be focused again.
 961    pub fn disable_focus(&mut self) {
 962        self.blur();
 963        self.window.focus_enabled = false;
 964    }
 965
 966    /// Accessor for the text system.
 967    pub fn text_system(&self) -> &Arc<WindowTextSystem> {
 968        &self.window.text_system
 969    }
 970
 971    /// The current text style. Which is composed of all the style refinements provided to `with_text_style`.
 972    pub fn text_style(&self) -> TextStyle {
 973        let mut style = TextStyle::default();
 974        for refinement in &self.window.text_style_stack {
 975            style.refine(refinement);
 976        }
 977        style
 978    }
 979
 980    /// Check if the platform window is maximized
 981    /// On some platforms (namely Windows) this is different than the bounds being the size of the display
 982    pub fn is_maximized(&self) -> bool {
 983        self.window.platform_window.is_maximized()
 984    }
 985
 986    /// request a certain window decoration (Wayland)
 987    pub fn request_decorations(&self, decorations: WindowDecorations) {
 988        self.window.platform_window.request_decorations(decorations);
 989    }
 990
 991    /// Start a window resize operation (Wayland)
 992    pub fn start_window_resize(&self, edge: ResizeEdge) {
 993        self.window.platform_window.start_window_resize(edge);
 994    }
 995
 996    /// Return the `WindowBounds` to indicate that how a window should be opened
 997    /// after it has been closed
 998    pub fn window_bounds(&self) -> WindowBounds {
 999        self.window.platform_window.window_bounds()
1000    }
1001
1002    /// Return the `WindowBounds` excluding insets (Wayland and X11)
1003    pub fn inner_window_bounds(&self) -> WindowBounds {
1004        self.window.platform_window.inner_window_bounds()
1005    }
1006
1007    /// Dispatch the given action on the currently focused element.
1008    pub fn dispatch_action(&mut self, action: Box<dyn Action>) {
1009        let focus_handle = self.focused();
1010
1011        let window = self.window.handle;
1012        self.app.defer(move |cx| {
1013            window
1014                .update(cx, |_, cx| {
1015                    let node_id = focus_handle
1016                        .and_then(|handle| {
1017                            cx.window
1018                                .rendered_frame
1019                                .dispatch_tree
1020                                .focusable_node_id(handle.id)
1021                        })
1022                        .unwrap_or_else(|| cx.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
1023
1024                    cx.dispatch_action_on_node(node_id, action.as_ref());
1025                })
1026                .log_err();
1027        })
1028    }
1029
1030    pub(crate) fn dispatch_keystroke_observers(
1031        &mut self,
1032        event: &dyn Any,
1033        action: Option<Box<dyn Action>>,
1034    ) {
1035        let Some(key_down_event) = event.downcast_ref::<KeyDownEvent>() else {
1036            return;
1037        };
1038
1039        self.keystroke_observers
1040            .clone()
1041            .retain(&(), move |callback| {
1042                (callback)(
1043                    &KeystrokeEvent {
1044                        keystroke: key_down_event.keystroke.clone(),
1045                        action: action.as_ref().map(|action| action.boxed_clone()),
1046                    },
1047                    self,
1048                )
1049            });
1050    }
1051
1052    /// Schedules the given function to be run at the end of the current effect cycle, allowing entities
1053    /// that are currently on the stack to be returned to the app.
1054    pub fn defer(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut WindowContext) + 'static) {
1055        let handle = self.window.handle;
1056        self.app.defer(move |cx| {
1057            handle.update(cx, |_, cx| f(cx)).ok();
1058        });
1059    }
1060
1061    /// Subscribe to events emitted by a model or view.
1062    /// The entity to which you're subscribing must implement the [`EventEmitter`] trait.
1063    /// The callback will be invoked a handle to the emitting entity (either a [`View`] or [`Model`]), the event, and a window context for the current window.
1064    pub fn observe<E, T>(
1065        &mut self,
1066        entity: &E,
1067        mut on_notify: impl FnMut(E, &mut WindowContext<'_>) + 'static,
1068    ) -> Subscription
1069    where
1070        E: Entity<T>,
1071    {
1072        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
1073        let entity = entity.downgrade();
1074        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
1075        self.app.new_observer(
1076            entity_id,
1077            Box::new(move |cx| {
1078                window_handle
1079                    .update(cx, |_, cx| {
1080                        if let Some(handle) = E::upgrade_from(&entity) {
1081                            on_notify(handle, cx);
1082                            true
1083                        } else {
1084                            false
1085                        }
1086                    })
1087                    .unwrap_or(false)
1088            }),
1089        )
1090    }
1091
1092    /// Subscribe to events emitted by a model or view.
1093    /// The entity to which you're subscribing must implement the [`EventEmitter`] trait.
1094    /// The callback will be invoked a handle to the emitting entity (either a [`View`] or [`Model`]), the event, and a window context for the current window.
1095    pub fn subscribe<Emitter, E, Evt>(
1096        &mut self,
1097        entity: &E,
1098        mut on_event: impl FnMut(E, &Evt, &mut WindowContext<'_>) + 'static,
1099    ) -> Subscription
1100    where
1101        Emitter: EventEmitter<Evt>,
1102        E: Entity<Emitter>,
1103        Evt: 'static,
1104    {
1105        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
1106        let entity = entity.downgrade();
1107        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
1108        self.app.new_subscription(
1109            entity_id,
1110            (
1111                TypeId::of::<Evt>(),
1112                Box::new(move |event, cx| {
1113                    window_handle
1114                        .update(cx, |_, cx| {
1115                            if let Some(handle) = E::upgrade_from(&entity) {
1116                                let event = event.downcast_ref().expect("invalid event type");
1117                                on_event(handle, event, cx);
1118                                true
1119                            } else {
1120                                false
1121                            }
1122                        })
1123                        .unwrap_or(false)
1124                }),
1125            ),
1126        )
1127    }
1128
1129    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the given Model or View is released.
1130    pub fn observe_release<E, T>(
1131        &self,
1132        entity: &E,
1133        mut on_release: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut WindowContext) + 'static,
1134    ) -> Subscription
1135    where
1136        E: Entity<T>,
1137        T: 'static,
1138    {
1139        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
1140        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
1141        let (subscription, activate) = self.app.release_listeners.insert(
1142            entity_id,
1143            Box::new(move |entity, cx| {
1144                let entity = entity.downcast_mut().expect("invalid entity type");
1145                let _ = window_handle.update(cx, |_, cx| on_release(entity, cx));
1146            }),
1147        );
1148        activate();
1149        subscription
1150    }
1151
1152    /// Creates an [`AsyncWindowContext`], which has a static lifetime and can be held across
1153    /// await points in async code.
1154    pub fn to_async(&self) -> AsyncWindowContext {
1155        AsyncWindowContext::new(self.app.to_async(), self.window.handle)
1156    }
1157
1158    /// Schedule the given closure to be run directly after the current frame is rendered.
1159    pub fn on_next_frame(&self, callback: impl FnOnce(&mut WindowContext) + 'static) {
1160        RefCell::borrow_mut(&self.window.next_frame_callbacks).push(Box::new(callback));
1161    }
1162
1163    /// Schedule a frame to be drawn on the next animation frame.
1164    ///
1165    /// This is useful for elements that need to animate continuously, such as a video player or an animated GIF.
1166    /// It will cause the window to redraw on the next frame, even if no other changes have occurred.
1167    ///
1168    /// If called from within a view, it will notify that view on the next frame. Otherwise, it will refresh the entire window.
1169    pub fn request_animation_frame(&self) {
1170        let parent_id = self.parent_view_id();
1171        self.on_next_frame(move |cx| cx.notify(parent_id));
1172    }
1173
1174    /// Spawn the future returned by the given closure on the application thread pool.
1175    /// The closure is provided a handle to the current window and an `AsyncWindowContext` for
1176    /// use within your future.
1177    pub fn spawn<Fut, R>(&self, f: impl FnOnce(AsyncWindowContext) -> Fut) -> Task<R>
1178    where
1179        R: 'static,
1180        Fut: Future<Output = R> + 'static,
1181    {
1182        self.app
1183            .spawn(|app| f(AsyncWindowContext::new(app, self.window.handle)))
1184    }
1185
1186    fn bounds_changed(&mut self) {
1187        self.window.scale_factor = self.window.platform_window.scale_factor();
1188        self.window.viewport_size = self.window.platform_window.content_size();
1189        self.window.display_id = self
1190            .window
1191            .platform_window
1192            .display()
1193            .map(|display| display.id());
1194
1195        self.refresh();
1196
1197        self.window
1198            .bounds_observers
1199            .clone()
1200            .retain(&(), |callback| callback(self));
1201    }
1202
1203    /// Returns the bounds of the current window in the global coordinate space, which could span across multiple displays.
1204    pub fn bounds(&self) -> Bounds<Pixels> {
1205        self.window.platform_window.bounds()
1206    }
1207
1208    /// Returns whether or not the window is currently fullscreen
1209    pub fn is_fullscreen(&self) -> bool {
1210        self.window.platform_window.is_fullscreen()
1211    }
1212
1213    pub(crate) fn appearance_changed(&mut self) {
1214        self.window.appearance = self.window.platform_window.appearance();
1215
1216        self.window
1217            .appearance_observers
1218            .clone()
1219            .retain(&(), |callback| callback(self));
1220    }
1221
1222    /// Returns the appearance of the current window.
1223    pub fn appearance(&self) -> WindowAppearance {
1224        self.window.appearance
1225    }
1226
1227    /// Returns the size of the drawable area within the window.
1228    pub fn viewport_size(&self) -> Size<Pixels> {
1229        self.window.viewport_size
1230    }
1231
1232    /// Returns whether this window is focused by the operating system (receiving key events).
1233    pub fn is_window_active(&self) -> bool {
1234        self.window.active.get()
1235    }
1236
1237    /// Returns whether this window is considered to be the window
1238    /// that currently owns the mouse cursor.
1239    /// On mac, this is equivalent to `is_window_active`.
1240    pub fn is_window_hovered(&self) -> bool {
1241        if cfg!(any(
1242            target_os = "windows",
1243            target_os = "linux",
1244            target_os = "freebsd"
1245        )) {
1246            self.window.hovered.get()
1247        } else {
1248            self.is_window_active()
1249        }
1250    }
1251
1252    /// Toggle zoom on the window.
1253    pub fn zoom_window(&self) {
1254        self.window.platform_window.zoom();
1255    }
1256
1257    /// Opens the native title bar context menu, useful when implementing client side decorations (Wayland and X11)
1258    pub fn show_window_menu(&self, position: Point<Pixels>) {
1259        self.window.platform_window.show_window_menu(position)
1260    }
1261
1262    /// Tells the compositor to take control of window movement (Wayland and X11)
1263    ///
1264    /// Events may not be received during a move operation.
1265    pub fn start_window_move(&self) {
1266        self.window.platform_window.start_window_move()
1267    }
1268
1269    /// When using client side decorations, set this to the width of the invisible decorations (Wayland and X11)
1270    pub fn set_client_inset(&self, inset: Pixels) {
1271        self.window.platform_window.set_client_inset(inset);
1272    }
1273
1274    /// Returns whether the title bar window controls need to be rendered by the application (Wayland and X11)
1275    pub fn window_decorations(&self) -> Decorations {
1276        self.window.platform_window.window_decorations()
1277    }
1278
1279    /// Returns which window controls are currently visible (Wayland)
1280    pub fn window_controls(&self) -> WindowControls {
1281        self.window.platform_window.window_controls()
1282    }
1283
1284    /// Updates the window's title at the platform level.
1285    pub fn set_window_title(&mut self, title: &str) {
1286        self.window.platform_window.set_title(title);
1287    }
1288
1289    /// Sets the application identifier.
1290    pub fn set_app_id(&mut self, app_id: &str) {
1291        self.window.platform_window.set_app_id(app_id);
1292    }
1293
1294    /// Sets the window background appearance.
1295    pub fn set_background_appearance(&self, background_appearance: WindowBackgroundAppearance) {
1296        self.window
1297            .platform_window
1298            .set_background_appearance(background_appearance);
1299    }
1300
1301    /// Mark the window as dirty at the platform level.
1302    pub fn set_window_edited(&mut self, edited: bool) {
1303        self.window.platform_window.set_edited(edited);
1304    }
1305
1306    /// Determine the display on which the window is visible.
1307    pub fn display(&self) -> Option<Rc<dyn PlatformDisplay>> {
1308        self.platform
1309            .displays()
1310            .into_iter()
1311            .find(|display| Some(display.id()) == self.window.display_id)
1312    }
1313
1314    /// Show the platform character palette.
1315    pub fn show_character_palette(&self) {
1316        self.window.platform_window.show_character_palette();
1317    }
1318
1319    /// The scale factor of the display associated with the window. For example, it could
1320    /// return 2.0 for a "retina" display, indicating that each logical pixel should actually
1321    /// be rendered as two pixels on screen.
1322    pub fn scale_factor(&self) -> f32 {
1323        self.window.scale_factor
1324    }
1325
1326    /// The size of an em for the base font of the application. Adjusting this value allows the
1327    /// UI to scale, just like zooming a web page.
1328    pub fn rem_size(&self) -> Pixels {
1329        self.window
1330            .rem_size_override_stack
1331            .last()
1332            .copied()
1333            .unwrap_or(self.window.rem_size)
1334    }
1335
1336    /// Sets the size of an em for the base font of the application. Adjusting this value allows the
1337    /// UI to scale, just like zooming a web page.
1338    pub fn set_rem_size(&mut self, rem_size: impl Into<Pixels>) {
1339        self.window.rem_size = rem_size.into();
1340    }
1341
1342    /// Executes the provided function with the specified rem size.
1343    ///
1344    /// This method must only be called as part of element drawing.
1345    pub fn with_rem_size<F, R>(&mut self, rem_size: Option<impl Into<Pixels>>, f: F) -> R
1346    where
1347        F: FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1348    {
1349        debug_assert!(
1350            matches!(
1351                self.window.draw_phase,
1352                DrawPhase::Prepaint | DrawPhase::Paint
1353            ),
1354            "this method can only be called during request_layout, prepaint, or paint"
1355        );
1356
1357        if let Some(rem_size) = rem_size {
1358            self.window.rem_size_override_stack.push(rem_size.into());
1359            let result = f(self);
1360            self.window.rem_size_override_stack.pop();
1361            result
1362        } else {
1363            f(self)
1364        }
1365    }
1366
1367    /// The line height associated with the current text style.
1368    pub fn line_height(&self) -> Pixels {
1369        self.text_style().line_height_in_pixels(self.rem_size())
1370    }
1371
1372    /// Call to prevent the default action of an event. Currently only used to prevent
1373    /// parent elements from becoming focused on mouse down.
1374    pub fn prevent_default(&mut self) {
1375        self.window.default_prevented = true;
1376    }
1377
1378    /// Obtain whether default has been prevented for the event currently being dispatched.
1379    pub fn default_prevented(&self) -> bool {
1380        self.window.default_prevented
1381    }
1382
1383    /// Determine whether the given action is available along the dispatch path to the currently focused element.
1384    pub fn is_action_available(&self, action: &dyn Action) -> bool {
1385        let target = self
1386            .focused()
1387            .and_then(|focused_handle| {
1388                self.window
1389                    .rendered_frame
1390                    .dispatch_tree
1391                    .focusable_node_id(focused_handle.id)
1392            })
1393            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
1394        self.window
1395            .rendered_frame
1396            .dispatch_tree
1397            .is_action_available(action, target)
1398    }
1399
1400    /// The position of the mouse relative to the window.
1401    pub fn mouse_position(&self) -> Point<Pixels> {
1402        self.window.mouse_position
1403    }
1404
1405    /// The current state of the keyboard's modifiers
1406    pub fn modifiers(&self) -> Modifiers {
1407        self.window.modifiers
1408    }
1409
1410    fn complete_frame(&self) {
1411        self.window.platform_window.completed_frame();
1412    }
1413
1414    /// Produces a new frame and assigns it to `rendered_frame`. To actually show
1415    /// the contents of the new [Scene], use [present].
1416    #[profiling::function]
1417    pub fn draw(&mut self) {
1418        self.window.dirty.set(false);
1419        self.window.requested_autoscroll = None;
1420
1421        // Restore the previously-used input handler.
1422        if let Some(input_handler) = self.window.platform_window.take_input_handler() {
1423            self.window
1424                .rendered_frame
1425                .input_handlers
1426                .push(Some(input_handler));
1427        }
1428
1429        self.draw_roots();
1430        self.window.dirty_views.clear();
1431        self.window.next_frame.window_active = self.window.active.get();
1432
1433        // Register requested input handler with the platform window.
1434        if let Some(input_handler) = self.window.next_frame.input_handlers.pop() {
1435            self.window
1436                .platform_window
1437                .set_input_handler(input_handler.unwrap());
1438        }
1439
1440        self.window.layout_engine.as_mut().unwrap().clear();
1441        self.text_system().finish_frame();
1442        self.window
1443            .next_frame
1444            .finish(&mut self.window.rendered_frame);
1445        ELEMENT_ARENA.with_borrow_mut(|element_arena| {
1446            let percentage = (element_arena.len() as f32 / element_arena.capacity() as f32) * 100.;
1447            if percentage >= 80. {
1448                log::warn!("elevated element arena occupation: {}.", percentage);
1449            }
1450            element_arena.clear();
1451        });
1452
1453        self.window.draw_phase = DrawPhase::Focus;
1454        let previous_focus_path = self.window.rendered_frame.focus_path();
1455        let previous_window_active = self.window.rendered_frame.window_active;
1456        mem::swap(&mut self.window.rendered_frame, &mut self.window.next_frame);
1457        self.window.next_frame.clear();
1458        let current_focus_path = self.window.rendered_frame.focus_path();
1459        let current_window_active = self.window.rendered_frame.window_active;
1460
1461        if previous_focus_path != current_focus_path
1462            || previous_window_active != current_window_active
1463        {
1464            if !previous_focus_path.is_empty() && current_focus_path.is_empty() {
1465                self.window
1466                    .focus_lost_listeners
1467                    .clone()
1468                    .retain(&(), |listener| listener(self));
1469            }
1470
1471            let event = WindowFocusEvent {
1472                previous_focus_path: if previous_window_active {
1473                    previous_focus_path
1474                } else {
1475                    Default::default()
1476                },
1477                current_focus_path: if current_window_active {
1478                    current_focus_path
1479                } else {
1480                    Default::default()
1481                },
1482            };
1483            self.window
1484                .focus_listeners
1485                .clone()
1486                .retain(&(), |listener| listener(&event, self));
1487        }
1488
1489        self.reset_cursor_style();
1490        self.window.refreshing = false;
1491        self.window.draw_phase = DrawPhase::None;
1492        self.window.needs_present.set(true);
1493    }
1494
1495    #[profiling::function]
1496    fn present(&self) {
1497        self.window
1498            .platform_window
1499            .draw(&self.window.rendered_frame.scene);
1500        self.window.needs_present.set(false);
1501        profiling::finish_frame!();
1502    }
1503
1504    fn draw_roots(&mut self) {
1505        self.window.draw_phase = DrawPhase::Prepaint;
1506        self.window.tooltip_bounds.take();
1507
1508        // Layout all root elements.
1509        let mut root_element = self.window.root_view.as_ref().unwrap().clone().into_any();
1510        root_element.prepaint_as_root(Point::default(), self.window.viewport_size.into(), self);
1511
1512        let mut sorted_deferred_draws =
1513            (0..self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws.len()).collect::<SmallVec<[_; 8]>>();
1514        sorted_deferred_draws.sort_by_key(|ix| self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws[*ix].priority);
1515        self.prepaint_deferred_draws(&sorted_deferred_draws);
1516
1517        let mut prompt_element = None;
1518        let mut active_drag_element = None;
1519        let mut tooltip_element = None;
1520        if let Some(prompt) = self.window.prompt.take() {
1521            let mut element = prompt.view.any_view().into_any();
1522            element.prepaint_as_root(Point::default(), self.window.viewport_size.into(), self);
1523            prompt_element = Some(element);
1524            self.window.prompt = Some(prompt);
1525        } else if let Some(active_drag) = self.app.active_drag.take() {
1526            let mut element = active_drag.view.clone().into_any();
1527            let offset = self.mouse_position() - active_drag.cursor_offset;
1528            element.prepaint_as_root(offset, AvailableSpace::min_size(), self);
1529            active_drag_element = Some(element);
1530            self.app.active_drag = Some(active_drag);
1531        } else {
1532            tooltip_element = self.prepaint_tooltip();
1533        }
1534
1535        self.window.mouse_hit_test = self.window.next_frame.hit_test(self.window.mouse_position);
1536
1537        // Now actually paint the elements.
1538        self.window.draw_phase = DrawPhase::Paint;
1539        root_element.paint(self);
1540
1541        self.paint_deferred_draws(&sorted_deferred_draws);
1542
1543        if let Some(mut prompt_element) = prompt_element {
1544            prompt_element.paint(self);
1545        } else if let Some(mut drag_element) = active_drag_element {
1546            drag_element.paint(self);
1547        } else if let Some(mut tooltip_element) = tooltip_element {
1548            tooltip_element.paint(self);
1549        }
1550    }
1551
1552    fn prepaint_tooltip(&mut self) -> Option<AnyElement> {
1553        let tooltip_request = self.window.next_frame.tooltip_requests.last().cloned()?;
1554        let tooltip_request = tooltip_request.unwrap();
1555        let mut element = tooltip_request.tooltip.view.clone().into_any();
1556        let mouse_position = tooltip_request.tooltip.mouse_position;
1557        let tooltip_size = element.layout_as_root(AvailableSpace::min_size(), self);
1558
1559        let mut tooltip_bounds = Bounds::new(mouse_position + point(px(1.), px(1.)), tooltip_size);
1560        let window_bounds = Bounds {
1561            origin: Point::default(),
1562            size: self.viewport_size(),
1563        };
1564
1565        if tooltip_bounds.right() > window_bounds.right() {
1566            let new_x = mouse_position.x - tooltip_bounds.size.width - px(1.);
1567            if new_x >= Pixels::ZERO {
1568                tooltip_bounds.origin.x = new_x;
1569            } else {
1570                tooltip_bounds.origin.x = cmp::max(
1571                    Pixels::ZERO,
1572                    tooltip_bounds.origin.x - tooltip_bounds.right() - window_bounds.right(),
1573                );
1574            }
1575        }
1576
1577        if tooltip_bounds.bottom() > window_bounds.bottom() {
1578            let new_y = mouse_position.y - tooltip_bounds.size.height - px(1.);
1579            if new_y >= Pixels::ZERO {
1580                tooltip_bounds.origin.y = new_y;
1581            } else {
1582                tooltip_bounds.origin.y = cmp::max(
1583                    Pixels::ZERO,
1584                    tooltip_bounds.origin.y - tooltip_bounds.bottom() - window_bounds.bottom(),
1585                );
1586            }
1587        }
1588
1589        // Element's parent can get hidden (e.g. via the `visible_on_hover` method),
1590        // and element's `paint` won't be called (ergo, mouse listeners also won't be active) to detect that the tooltip has to be removed.
1591        // Ensure it's not stuck around in such cases.
1592        let invalidate_tooltip = !tooltip_request
1593            .tooltip
1594            .origin_bounds
1595            .contains(&self.mouse_position())
1596            && (!tooltip_request.tooltip.hoverable
1597                || !tooltip_bounds.contains(&self.mouse_position()));
1598        if invalidate_tooltip {
1599            return None;
1600        }
1601
1602        self.with_absolute_element_offset(tooltip_bounds.origin, |cx| element.prepaint(cx));
1603
1604        self.window.tooltip_bounds = Some(TooltipBounds {
1605            id: tooltip_request.id,
1606            bounds: tooltip_bounds,
1607        });
1608        Some(element)
1609    }
1610
1611    fn prepaint_deferred_draws(&mut self, deferred_draw_indices: &[usize]) {
1612        assert_eq!(self.window.element_id_stack.len(), 0);
1613
1614        let mut deferred_draws = mem::take(&mut self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws);
1615        for deferred_draw_ix in deferred_draw_indices {
1616            let deferred_draw = &mut deferred_draws[*deferred_draw_ix];
1617            self.window
1618                .element_id_stack
1619                .clone_from(&deferred_draw.element_id_stack);
1620            self.window
1621                .text_style_stack
1622                .clone_from(&deferred_draw.text_style_stack);
1623            self.window
1624                .next_frame
1625                .dispatch_tree
1626                .set_active_node(deferred_draw.parent_node);
1627
1628            let prepaint_start = self.prepaint_index();
1629            if let Some(element) = deferred_draw.element.as_mut() {
1630                self.with_absolute_element_offset(deferred_draw.absolute_offset, |cx| {
1631                    element.prepaint(cx)
1632                });
1633            } else {
1634                self.reuse_prepaint(deferred_draw.prepaint_range.clone());
1635            }
1636            let prepaint_end = self.prepaint_index();
1637            deferred_draw.prepaint_range = prepaint_start..prepaint_end;
1638        }
1639        assert_eq!(
1640            self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws.len(),
1641            0,
1642            "cannot call defer_draw during deferred drawing"
1643        );
1644        self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws = deferred_draws;
1645        self.window.element_id_stack.clear();
1646        self.window.text_style_stack.clear();
1647    }
1648
1649    fn paint_deferred_draws(&mut self, deferred_draw_indices: &[usize]) {
1650        assert_eq!(self.window.element_id_stack.len(), 0);
1651
1652        let mut deferred_draws = mem::take(&mut self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws);
1653        for deferred_draw_ix in deferred_draw_indices {
1654            let mut deferred_draw = &mut deferred_draws[*deferred_draw_ix];
1655            self.window
1656                .element_id_stack
1657                .clone_from(&deferred_draw.element_id_stack);
1658            self.window
1659                .next_frame
1660                .dispatch_tree
1661                .set_active_node(deferred_draw.parent_node);
1662
1663            let paint_start = self.paint_index();
1664            if let Some(element) = deferred_draw.element.as_mut() {
1665                element.paint(self);
1666            } else {
1667                self.reuse_paint(deferred_draw.paint_range.clone());
1668            }
1669            let paint_end = self.paint_index();
1670            deferred_draw.paint_range = paint_start..paint_end;
1671        }
1672        self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws = deferred_draws;
1673        self.window.element_id_stack.clear();
1674    }
1675
1676    pub(crate) fn prepaint_index(&self) -> PrepaintStateIndex {
1677        PrepaintStateIndex {
1678            hitboxes_index: self.window.next_frame.hitboxes.len(),
1679            tooltips_index: self.window.next_frame.tooltip_requests.len(),
1680            deferred_draws_index: self.window.next_frame.deferred_draws.len(),
1681            dispatch_tree_index: self.window.next_frame.dispatch_tree.len(),
1682            accessed_element_states_index: self.window.next_frame.accessed_element_states.len(),
1683            line_layout_index: self.window.text_system.layout_index(),
1684        }
1685    }
1686
1687    pub(crate) fn reuse_prepaint(&mut self, range: Range<PrepaintStateIndex>) {
1688        let window = &mut self.window;
1689        window.next_frame.hitboxes.extend(
1690            window.rendered_frame.hitboxes[range.start.hitboxes_index..range.end.hitboxes_index]
1691                .iter()
1692                .cloned(),
1693        );
1694        window.next_frame.tooltip_requests.extend(
1695            window.rendered_frame.tooltip_requests
1696                [range.start.tooltips_index..range.end.tooltips_index]
1697                .iter_mut()
1698                .map(|request| request.take()),
1699        );
1700        window.next_frame.accessed_element_states.extend(
1701            window.rendered_frame.accessed_element_states[range.start.accessed_element_states_index
1702                ..range.end.accessed_element_states_index]
1703                .iter()
1704                .map(|(id, type_id)| (GlobalElementId(id.0.clone()), *type_id)),
1705        );
1706        window
1707            .text_system
1708            .reuse_layouts(range.start.line_layout_index..range.end.line_layout_index);
1709
1710        let reused_subtree = window.next_frame.dispatch_tree.reuse_subtree(
1711            range.start.dispatch_tree_index..range.end.dispatch_tree_index,
1712            &mut window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree,
1713            window.focus,
1714        );
1715
1716        if reused_subtree.contains_focus() {
1717            window.next_frame.focus = window.focus;
1718        }
1719
1720        window.next_frame.deferred_draws.extend(
1721            window.rendered_frame.deferred_draws
1722                [range.start.deferred_draws_index..range.end.deferred_draws_index]
1723                .iter()
1724                .map(|deferred_draw| DeferredDraw {
1725                    parent_node: reused_subtree.refresh_node_id(deferred_draw.parent_node),
1726                    element_id_stack: deferred_draw.element_id_stack.clone(),
1727                    text_style_stack: deferred_draw.text_style_stack.clone(),
1728                    priority: deferred_draw.priority,
1729                    element: None,
1730                    absolute_offset: deferred_draw.absolute_offset,
1731                    prepaint_range: deferred_draw.prepaint_range.clone(),
1732                    paint_range: deferred_draw.paint_range.clone(),
1733                }),
1734        );
1735    }
1736
1737    pub(crate) fn paint_index(&self) -> PaintIndex {
1738        PaintIndex {
1739            scene_index: self.window.next_frame.scene.len(),
1740            mouse_listeners_index: self.window.next_frame.mouse_listeners.len(),
1741            input_handlers_index: self.window.next_frame.input_handlers.len(),
1742            cursor_styles_index: self.window.next_frame.cursor_styles.len(),
1743            accessed_element_states_index: self.window.next_frame.accessed_element_states.len(),
1744            line_layout_index: self.window.text_system.layout_index(),
1745        }
1746    }
1747
1748    pub(crate) fn reuse_paint(&mut self, range: Range<PaintIndex>) {
1749        let window = &mut self.window;
1750
1751        window.next_frame.cursor_styles.extend(
1752            window.rendered_frame.cursor_styles
1753                [range.start.cursor_styles_index..range.end.cursor_styles_index]
1754                .iter()
1755                .cloned(),
1756        );
1757        window.next_frame.input_handlers.extend(
1758            window.rendered_frame.input_handlers
1759                [range.start.input_handlers_index..range.end.input_handlers_index]
1760                .iter_mut()
1761                .map(|handler| handler.take()),
1762        );
1763        window.next_frame.mouse_listeners.extend(
1764            window.rendered_frame.mouse_listeners
1765                [range.start.mouse_listeners_index..range.end.mouse_listeners_index]
1766                .iter_mut()
1767                .map(|listener| listener.take()),
1768        );
1769        window.next_frame.accessed_element_states.extend(
1770            window.rendered_frame.accessed_element_states[range.start.accessed_element_states_index
1771                ..range.end.accessed_element_states_index]
1772                .iter()
1773                .map(|(id, type_id)| (GlobalElementId(id.0.clone()), *type_id)),
1774        );
1775
1776        window
1777            .text_system
1778            .reuse_layouts(range.start.line_layout_index..range.end.line_layout_index);
1779        window.next_frame.scene.replay(
1780            range.start.scene_index..range.end.scene_index,
1781            &window.rendered_frame.scene,
1782        );
1783    }
1784
1785    /// Push a text style onto the stack, and call a function with that style active.
1786    /// Use [`AppContext::text_style`] to get the current, combined text style. This method
1787    /// should only be called as part of element drawing.
1788    pub fn with_text_style<F, R>(&mut self, style: Option<TextStyleRefinement>, f: F) -> R
1789    where
1790        F: FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1791    {
1792        debug_assert!(
1793            matches!(
1794                self.window.draw_phase,
1795                DrawPhase::Prepaint | DrawPhase::Paint
1796            ),
1797            "this method can only be called during request_layout, prepaint, or paint"
1798        );
1799        if let Some(style) = style {
1800            self.window.text_style_stack.push(style);
1801            let result = f(self);
1802            self.window.text_style_stack.pop();
1803            result
1804        } else {
1805            f(self)
1806        }
1807    }
1808
1809    /// Updates the cursor style at the platform level. This method should only be called
1810    /// during the prepaint phase of element drawing.
1811    pub fn set_cursor_style(&mut self, style: CursorStyle, hitbox: &Hitbox) {
1812        debug_assert_eq!(
1813            self.window.draw_phase,
1814            DrawPhase::Paint,
1815            "this method can only be called during paint"
1816        );
1817        self.window
1818            .next_frame
1819            .cursor_styles
1820            .push(CursorStyleRequest {
1821                hitbox_id: hitbox.id,
1822                style,
1823            });
1824    }
1825
1826    /// Sets a tooltip to be rendered for the upcoming frame. This method should only be called
1827    /// during the paint phase of element drawing.
1828    pub fn set_tooltip(&mut self, tooltip: AnyTooltip) -> TooltipId {
1829        debug_assert_eq!(
1830            self.window.draw_phase,
1831            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
1832            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
1833        );
1834        let id = TooltipId(post_inc(&mut self.window.next_tooltip_id.0));
1835        self.window
1836            .next_frame
1837            .tooltip_requests
1838            .push(Some(TooltipRequest { id, tooltip }));
1839        id
1840    }
1841
1842    /// Invoke the given function with the given content mask after intersecting it
1843    /// with the current mask. This method should only be called during element drawing.
1844    pub fn with_content_mask<R>(
1845        &mut self,
1846        mask: Option<ContentMask<Pixels>>,
1847        f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1848    ) -> R {
1849        debug_assert!(
1850            matches!(
1851                self.window.draw_phase,
1852                DrawPhase::Prepaint | DrawPhase::Paint
1853            ),
1854            "this method can only be called during request_layout, prepaint, or paint"
1855        );
1856        if let Some(mask) = mask {
1857            let mask = mask.intersect(&self.content_mask());
1858            self.window_mut().content_mask_stack.push(mask);
1859            let result = f(self);
1860            self.window_mut().content_mask_stack.pop();
1861            result
1862        } else {
1863            f(self)
1864        }
1865    }
1866
1867    /// Updates the global element offset relative to the current offset. This is used to implement
1868    /// scrolling. This method should only be called during the prepaint phase of element drawing.
1869    pub fn with_element_offset<R>(
1870        &mut self,
1871        offset: Point<Pixels>,
1872        f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1873    ) -> R {
1874        debug_assert_eq!(
1875            self.window.draw_phase,
1876            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
1877            "this method can only be called during request_layout, or prepaint"
1878        );
1879
1880        if offset.is_zero() {
1881            return f(self);
1882        };
1883
1884        let abs_offset = self.element_offset() + offset;
1885        self.with_absolute_element_offset(abs_offset, f)
1886    }
1887
1888    /// Updates the global element offset based on the given offset. This is used to implement
1889    /// drag handles and other manual painting of elements. This method should only be called during
1890    /// the prepaint phase of element drawing.
1891    pub fn with_absolute_element_offset<R>(
1892        &mut self,
1893        offset: Point<Pixels>,
1894        f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1895    ) -> R {
1896        debug_assert_eq!(
1897            self.window.draw_phase,
1898            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
1899            "this method can only be called during request_layout, or prepaint"
1900        );
1901        self.window_mut().element_offset_stack.push(offset);
1902        let result = f(self);
1903        self.window_mut().element_offset_stack.pop();
1904        result
1905    }
1906
1907    pub(crate) fn with_element_opacity<R>(
1908        &mut self,
1909        opacity: Option<f32>,
1910        f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
1911    ) -> R {
1912        if opacity.is_none() {
1913            return f(self);
1914        }
1915
1916        debug_assert!(
1917            matches!(
1918                self.window.draw_phase,
1919                DrawPhase::Prepaint | DrawPhase::Paint
1920            ),
1921            "this method can only be called during prepaint, or paint"
1922        );
1923        self.window_mut().element_opacity = opacity;
1924        let result = f(self);
1925        self.window_mut().element_opacity = None;
1926        result
1927    }
1928
1929    /// Perform prepaint on child elements in a "retryable" manner, so that any side effects
1930    /// of prepaints can be discarded before prepainting again. This is used to support autoscroll
1931    /// where we need to prepaint children to detect the autoscroll bounds, then adjust the
1932    /// element offset and prepaint again. See [`List`] for an example. This method should only be
1933    /// called during the prepaint phase of element drawing.
1934    pub fn transact<T, U>(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> Result<T, U>) -> Result<T, U> {
1935        debug_assert_eq!(
1936            self.window.draw_phase,
1937            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
1938            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
1939        );
1940        let index = self.prepaint_index();
1941        let result = f(self);
1942        if result.is_err() {
1943            self.window
1944                .next_frame
1945                .hitboxes
1946                .truncate(index.hitboxes_index);
1947            self.window
1948                .next_frame
1949                .tooltip_requests
1950                .truncate(index.tooltips_index);
1951            self.window
1952                .next_frame
1953                .deferred_draws
1954                .truncate(index.deferred_draws_index);
1955            self.window
1956                .next_frame
1957                .dispatch_tree
1958                .truncate(index.dispatch_tree_index);
1959            self.window
1960                .next_frame
1961                .accessed_element_states
1962                .truncate(index.accessed_element_states_index);
1963            self.window
1964                .text_system
1965                .truncate_layouts(index.line_layout_index);
1966        }
1967        result
1968    }
1969
1970    /// When you call this method during [`prepaint`], containing elements will attempt to
1971    /// scroll to cause the specified bounds to become visible. When they decide to autoscroll, they will call
1972    /// [`prepaint`] again with a new set of bounds. See [`List`] for an example of an element
1973    /// that supports this method being called on the elements it contains. This method should only be
1974    /// called during the prepaint phase of element drawing.
1975    pub fn request_autoscroll(&mut self, bounds: Bounds<Pixels>) {
1976        debug_assert_eq!(
1977            self.window.draw_phase,
1978            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
1979            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
1980        );
1981        self.window.requested_autoscroll = Some(bounds);
1982    }
1983
1984    /// This method can be called from a containing element such as [`List`] to support the autoscroll behavior
1985    /// described in [`request_autoscroll`].
1986    pub fn take_autoscroll(&mut self) -> Option<Bounds<Pixels>> {
1987        debug_assert_eq!(
1988            self.window.draw_phase,
1989            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
1990            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
1991        );
1992        self.window.requested_autoscroll.take()
1993    }
1994
1995    /// Asynchronously load an asset, if the asset hasn't finished loading this will return None.
1996    /// Your view will be re-drawn once the asset has finished loading.
1997    ///
1998    /// Note that the multiple calls to this method will only result in one `Asset::load` call at a
1999    /// time.
2000    pub fn use_asset<A: Asset>(&mut self, source: &A::Source) -> Option<A::Output> {
2001        let (task, is_first) = self.fetch_asset::<A>(source);
2002        task.clone().now_or_never().or_else(|| {
2003            if is_first {
2004                let parent_id = self.parent_view_id();
2005                self.spawn({
2006                    let task = task.clone();
2007                    |mut cx| async move {
2008                        task.await;
2009
2010                        cx.on_next_frame(move |cx| cx.notify(parent_id));
2011                    }
2012                })
2013                .detach();
2014            }
2015
2016            None
2017        })
2018    }
2019    /// Obtain the current element offset. This method should only be called during the
2020    /// prepaint phase of element drawing.
2021    pub fn element_offset(&self) -> Point<Pixels> {
2022        debug_assert_eq!(
2023            self.window.draw_phase,
2024            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2025            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
2026        );
2027        self.window()
2028            .element_offset_stack
2029            .last()
2030            .copied()
2031            .unwrap_or_default()
2032    }
2033
2034    /// Obtain the current element opacity. This method should only be called during the
2035    /// prepaint phase of element drawing.
2036    pub(crate) fn element_opacity(&self) -> f32 {
2037        debug_assert!(
2038            matches!(
2039                self.window.draw_phase,
2040                DrawPhase::Prepaint | DrawPhase::Paint
2041            ),
2042            "this method can only be called during prepaint, or paint"
2043        );
2044        self.window().element_opacity.unwrap_or(1.0)
2045    }
2046
2047    /// Obtain the current content mask. This method should only be called during element drawing.
2048    pub fn content_mask(&self) -> ContentMask<Pixels> {
2049        debug_assert!(
2050            matches!(
2051                self.window.draw_phase,
2052                DrawPhase::Prepaint | DrawPhase::Paint
2053            ),
2054            "this method can only be called during prepaint, or paint"
2055        );
2056        self.window()
2057            .content_mask_stack
2058            .last()
2059            .cloned()
2060            .unwrap_or_else(|| ContentMask {
2061                bounds: Bounds {
2062                    origin: Point::default(),
2063                    size: self.window().viewport_size,
2064                },
2065            })
2066    }
2067
2068    /// Provide elements in the called function with a new namespace in which their identifiers must be unique.
2069    /// This can be used within a custom element to distinguish multiple sets of child elements.
2070    pub fn with_element_namespace<R>(
2071        &mut self,
2072        element_id: impl Into<ElementId>,
2073        f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R,
2074    ) -> R {
2075        self.window.element_id_stack.push(element_id.into());
2076        let result = f(self);
2077        self.window.element_id_stack.pop();
2078        result
2079    }
2080
2081    /// Updates or initializes state for an element with the given id that lives across multiple
2082    /// frames. If an element with this ID existed in the rendered frame, its state will be passed
2083    /// to the given closure. The state returned by the closure will be stored so it can be referenced
2084    /// when drawing the next frame. This method should only be called as part of element drawing.
2085    pub fn with_element_state<S, R>(
2086        &mut self,
2087        global_id: &GlobalElementId,
2088        f: impl FnOnce(Option<S>, &mut Self) -> (R, S),
2089    ) -> R
2090    where
2091        S: 'static,
2092    {
2093        debug_assert!(
2094            matches!(
2095                self.window.draw_phase,
2096                DrawPhase::Prepaint | DrawPhase::Paint
2097            ),
2098            "this method can only be called during request_layout, prepaint, or paint"
2099        );
2100
2101        let key = (GlobalElementId(global_id.0.clone()), TypeId::of::<S>());
2102        self.window
2103            .next_frame
2104            .accessed_element_states
2105            .push((GlobalElementId(key.0.clone()), TypeId::of::<S>()));
2106
2107        if let Some(any) = self
2108            .window
2109            .next_frame
2110            .element_states
2111            .remove(&key)
2112            .or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.element_states.remove(&key))
2113        {
2114            let ElementStateBox {
2115                inner,
2116                #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
2117                type_name,
2118            } = any;
2119            // Using the extra inner option to avoid needing to reallocate a new box.
2120            let mut state_box = inner
2121                .downcast::<Option<S>>()
2122                .map_err(|_| {
2123                    #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
2124                    {
2125                        anyhow::anyhow!(
2126                            "invalid element state type for id, requested {:?}, actual: {:?}",
2127                            std::any::type_name::<S>(),
2128                            type_name
2129                        )
2130                    }
2131
2132                    #[cfg(not(debug_assertions))]
2133                    {
2134                        anyhow::anyhow!(
2135                            "invalid element state type for id, requested {:?}",
2136                            std::any::type_name::<S>(),
2137                        )
2138                    }
2139                })
2140                .unwrap();
2141
2142            let state = state_box.take().expect(
2143                "reentrant call to with_element_state for the same state type and element id",
2144            );
2145            let (result, state) = f(Some(state), self);
2146            state_box.replace(state);
2147            self.window.next_frame.element_states.insert(
2148                key,
2149                ElementStateBox {
2150                    inner: state_box,
2151                    #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
2152                    type_name,
2153                },
2154            );
2155            result
2156        } else {
2157            let (result, state) = f(None, self);
2158            self.window.next_frame.element_states.insert(
2159                key,
2160                ElementStateBox {
2161                    inner: Box::new(Some(state)),
2162                    #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
2163                    type_name: std::any::type_name::<S>(),
2164                },
2165            );
2166            result
2167        }
2168    }
2169
2170    /// A variant of `with_element_state` that allows the element's id to be optional. This is a convenience
2171    /// method for elements where the element id may or may not be assigned. Prefer using `with_element_state`
2172    /// when the element is guaranteed to have an id.
2173    ///
2174    /// The first option means 'no ID provided'
2175    /// The second option means 'not yet initialized'
2176    pub fn with_optional_element_state<S, R>(
2177        &mut self,
2178        global_id: Option<&GlobalElementId>,
2179        f: impl FnOnce(Option<Option<S>>, &mut Self) -> (R, Option<S>),
2180    ) -> R
2181    where
2182        S: 'static,
2183    {
2184        debug_assert!(
2185            matches!(
2186                self.window.draw_phase,
2187                DrawPhase::Prepaint | DrawPhase::Paint
2188            ),
2189            "this method can only be called during request_layout, prepaint, or paint"
2190        );
2191
2192        if let Some(global_id) = global_id {
2193            self.with_element_state(global_id, |state, cx| {
2194                let (result, state) = f(Some(state), cx);
2195                let state =
2196                    state.expect("you must return some state when you pass some element id");
2197                (result, state)
2198            })
2199        } else {
2200            let (result, state) = f(None, self);
2201            debug_assert!(
2202                state.is_none(),
2203                "you must not return an element state when passing None for the global id"
2204            );
2205            result
2206        }
2207    }
2208
2209    /// Defers the drawing of the given element, scheduling it to be painted on top of the currently-drawn tree
2210    /// at a later time. The `priority` parameter determines the drawing order relative to other deferred elements,
2211    /// with higher values being drawn on top.
2212    ///
2213    /// This method should only be called as part of the prepaint phase of element drawing.
2214    pub fn defer_draw(
2215        &mut self,
2216        element: AnyElement,
2217        absolute_offset: Point<Pixels>,
2218        priority: usize,
2219    ) {
2220        let window = &mut self.window;
2221        debug_assert_eq!(
2222            window.draw_phase,
2223            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2224            "this method can only be called during request_layout or prepaint"
2225        );
2226        let parent_node = window.next_frame.dispatch_tree.active_node_id().unwrap();
2227        window.next_frame.deferred_draws.push(DeferredDraw {
2228            parent_node,
2229            element_id_stack: window.element_id_stack.clone(),
2230            text_style_stack: window.text_style_stack.clone(),
2231            priority,
2232            element: Some(element),
2233            absolute_offset,
2234            prepaint_range: PrepaintStateIndex::default()..PrepaintStateIndex::default(),
2235            paint_range: PaintIndex::default()..PaintIndex::default(),
2236        });
2237    }
2238
2239    /// Creates a new painting layer for the specified bounds. A "layer" is a batch
2240    /// of geometry that are non-overlapping and have the same draw order. This is typically used
2241    /// for performance reasons.
2242    ///
2243    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2244    pub fn paint_layer<R>(&mut self, bounds: Bounds<Pixels>, f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> R) -> R {
2245        debug_assert_eq!(
2246            self.window.draw_phase,
2247            DrawPhase::Paint,
2248            "this method can only be called during paint"
2249        );
2250
2251        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2252        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
2253        let clipped_bounds = bounds.intersect(&content_mask.bounds);
2254        if !clipped_bounds.is_empty() {
2255            self.window
2256                .next_frame
2257                .scene
2258                .push_layer(clipped_bounds.scale(scale_factor));
2259        }
2260
2261        let result = f(self);
2262
2263        if !clipped_bounds.is_empty() {
2264            self.window.next_frame.scene.pop_layer();
2265        }
2266
2267        result
2268    }
2269
2270    /// Paint one or more drop shadows into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2271    ///
2272    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2273    pub fn paint_shadows(
2274        &mut self,
2275        bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
2276        corner_radii: Corners<Pixels>,
2277        shadows: &[BoxShadow],
2278    ) {
2279        debug_assert_eq!(
2280            self.window.draw_phase,
2281            DrawPhase::Paint,
2282            "this method can only be called during paint"
2283        );
2284
2285        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2286        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
2287        let opacity = self.element_opacity();
2288        for shadow in shadows {
2289            let shadow_bounds = (bounds + shadow.offset).dilate(shadow.spread_radius);
2290            self.window.next_frame.scene.insert_primitive(Shadow {
2291                order: 0,
2292                blur_radius: shadow.blur_radius.scale(scale_factor),
2293                bounds: shadow_bounds.scale(scale_factor),
2294                content_mask: content_mask.scale(scale_factor),
2295                corner_radii: corner_radii.scale(scale_factor),
2296                color: shadow.color.opacity(opacity),
2297            });
2298        }
2299    }
2300
2301    /// Paint one or more quads into the scene for the next frame at the current stacking context.
2302    /// Quads are colored rectangular regions with an optional background, border, and corner radius.
2303    /// see [`fill`](crate::fill), [`outline`](crate::outline), and [`quad`](crate::quad) to construct this type.
2304    ///
2305    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2306    pub fn paint_quad(&mut self, quad: PaintQuad) {
2307        debug_assert_eq!(
2308            self.window.draw_phase,
2309            DrawPhase::Paint,
2310            "this method can only be called during paint"
2311        );
2312
2313        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2314        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
2315        let opacity = self.element_opacity();
2316        self.window.next_frame.scene.insert_primitive(Quad {
2317            order: 0,
2318            pad: 0,
2319            bounds: quad.bounds.scale(scale_factor),
2320            content_mask: content_mask.scale(scale_factor),
2321            background: quad.background.opacity(opacity),
2322            border_color: quad.border_color.opacity(opacity),
2323            corner_radii: quad.corner_radii.scale(scale_factor),
2324            border_widths: quad.border_widths.scale(scale_factor),
2325        });
2326    }
2327
2328    /// Paint the given `Path` into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2329    ///
2330    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2331    pub fn paint_path(&mut self, mut path: Path<Pixels>, color: impl Into<Background>) {
2332        debug_assert_eq!(
2333            self.window.draw_phase,
2334            DrawPhase::Paint,
2335            "this method can only be called during paint"
2336        );
2337
2338        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2339        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
2340        let opacity = self.element_opacity();
2341        path.content_mask = content_mask;
2342        let color: Background = color.into();
2343        path.color = color.opacity(opacity);
2344        self.window
2345            .next_frame
2346            .scene
2347            .insert_primitive(path.scale(scale_factor));
2348    }
2349
2350    /// Paint an underline into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2351    ///
2352    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2353    pub fn paint_underline(
2354        &mut self,
2355        origin: Point<Pixels>,
2356        width: Pixels,
2357        style: &UnderlineStyle,
2358    ) {
2359        debug_assert_eq!(
2360            self.window.draw_phase,
2361            DrawPhase::Paint,
2362            "this method can only be called during paint"
2363        );
2364
2365        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2366        let height = if style.wavy {
2367            style.thickness * 3.
2368        } else {
2369            style.thickness
2370        };
2371        let bounds = Bounds {
2372            origin,
2373            size: size(width, height),
2374        };
2375        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
2376        let element_opacity = self.element_opacity();
2377
2378        self.window.next_frame.scene.insert_primitive(Underline {
2379            order: 0,
2380            pad: 0,
2381            bounds: bounds.scale(scale_factor),
2382            content_mask: content_mask.scale(scale_factor),
2383            color: style.color.unwrap_or_default().opacity(element_opacity),
2384            thickness: style.thickness.scale(scale_factor),
2385            wavy: style.wavy,
2386        });
2387    }
2388
2389    /// Paint a strikethrough into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2390    ///
2391    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2392    pub fn paint_strikethrough(
2393        &mut self,
2394        origin: Point<Pixels>,
2395        width: Pixels,
2396        style: &StrikethroughStyle,
2397    ) {
2398        debug_assert_eq!(
2399            self.window.draw_phase,
2400            DrawPhase::Paint,
2401            "this method can only be called during paint"
2402        );
2403
2404        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2405        let height = style.thickness;
2406        let bounds = Bounds {
2407            origin,
2408            size: size(width, height),
2409        };
2410        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
2411        let opacity = self.element_opacity();
2412
2413        self.window.next_frame.scene.insert_primitive(Underline {
2414            order: 0,
2415            pad: 0,
2416            bounds: bounds.scale(scale_factor),
2417            content_mask: content_mask.scale(scale_factor),
2418            thickness: style.thickness.scale(scale_factor),
2419            color: style.color.unwrap_or_default().opacity(opacity),
2420            wavy: false,
2421        });
2422    }
2423
2424    /// Paints a monochrome (non-emoji) glyph into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2425    ///
2426    /// The y component of the origin is the baseline of the glyph.
2427    /// You should generally prefer to use the [`ShapedLine::paint`](crate::ShapedLine::paint) or
2428    /// [`WrappedLine::paint`](crate::WrappedLine::paint) methods in the [`TextSystem`](crate::TextSystem).
2429    /// This method is only useful if you need to paint a single glyph that has already been shaped.
2430    ///
2431    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2432    pub fn paint_glyph(
2433        &mut self,
2434        origin: Point<Pixels>,
2435        font_id: FontId,
2436        glyph_id: GlyphId,
2437        font_size: Pixels,
2438        color: Hsla,
2439    ) -> Result<()> {
2440        debug_assert_eq!(
2441            self.window.draw_phase,
2442            DrawPhase::Paint,
2443            "this method can only be called during paint"
2444        );
2445
2446        let element_opacity = self.element_opacity();
2447        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2448        let glyph_origin = origin.scale(scale_factor);
2449        let subpixel_variant = Point {
2450            x: (glyph_origin.x.0.fract() * SUBPIXEL_VARIANTS as f32).floor() as u8,
2451            y: (glyph_origin.y.0.fract() * SUBPIXEL_VARIANTS as f32).floor() as u8,
2452        };
2453        let params = RenderGlyphParams {
2454            font_id,
2455            glyph_id,
2456            font_size,
2457            subpixel_variant,
2458            scale_factor,
2459            is_emoji: false,
2460        };
2461
2462        let raster_bounds = self.text_system().raster_bounds(&params)?;
2463        if !raster_bounds.is_zero() {
2464            let tile = self
2465                .window
2466                .sprite_atlas
2467                .get_or_insert_with(&params.clone().into(), &mut || {
2468                    let (size, bytes) = self.text_system().rasterize_glyph(&params)?;
2469                    Ok(Some((size, Cow::Owned(bytes))))
2470                })?
2471                .expect("Callback above only errors or returns Some");
2472            let bounds = Bounds {
2473                origin: glyph_origin.map(|px| px.floor()) + raster_bounds.origin.map(Into::into),
2474                size: tile.bounds.size.map(Into::into),
2475            };
2476            let content_mask = self.content_mask().scale(scale_factor);
2477            self.window
2478                .next_frame
2479                .scene
2480                .insert_primitive(MonochromeSprite {
2481                    order: 0,
2482                    pad: 0,
2483                    bounds,
2484                    content_mask,
2485                    color: color.opacity(element_opacity),
2486                    tile,
2487                    transformation: TransformationMatrix::unit(),
2488                });
2489        }
2490        Ok(())
2491    }
2492
2493    /// Paints an emoji glyph into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2494    ///
2495    /// The y component of the origin is the baseline of the glyph.
2496    /// You should generally prefer to use the [`ShapedLine::paint`](crate::ShapedLine::paint) or
2497    /// [`WrappedLine::paint`](crate::WrappedLine::paint) methods in the [`TextSystem`](crate::TextSystem).
2498    /// This method is only useful if you need to paint a single emoji that has already been shaped.
2499    ///
2500    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2501    pub fn paint_emoji(
2502        &mut self,
2503        origin: Point<Pixels>,
2504        font_id: FontId,
2505        glyph_id: GlyphId,
2506        font_size: Pixels,
2507    ) -> Result<()> {
2508        debug_assert_eq!(
2509            self.window.draw_phase,
2510            DrawPhase::Paint,
2511            "this method can only be called during paint"
2512        );
2513
2514        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2515        let glyph_origin = origin.scale(scale_factor);
2516        let params = RenderGlyphParams {
2517            font_id,
2518            glyph_id,
2519            font_size,
2520            // We don't render emojis with subpixel variants.
2521            subpixel_variant: Default::default(),
2522            scale_factor,
2523            is_emoji: true,
2524        };
2525
2526        let raster_bounds = self.text_system().raster_bounds(&params)?;
2527        if !raster_bounds.is_zero() {
2528            let tile = self
2529                .window
2530                .sprite_atlas
2531                .get_or_insert_with(&params.clone().into(), &mut || {
2532                    let (size, bytes) = self.text_system().rasterize_glyph(&params)?;
2533                    Ok(Some((size, Cow::Owned(bytes))))
2534                })?
2535                .expect("Callback above only errors or returns Some");
2536
2537            let bounds = Bounds {
2538                origin: glyph_origin.map(|px| px.floor()) + raster_bounds.origin.map(Into::into),
2539                size: tile.bounds.size.map(Into::into),
2540            };
2541            let content_mask = self.content_mask().scale(scale_factor);
2542            let opacity = self.element_opacity();
2543
2544            self.window
2545                .next_frame
2546                .scene
2547                .insert_primitive(PolychromeSprite {
2548                    order: 0,
2549                    pad: 0,
2550                    grayscale: false,
2551                    bounds,
2552                    corner_radii: Default::default(),
2553                    content_mask,
2554                    tile,
2555                    opacity,
2556                });
2557        }
2558        Ok(())
2559    }
2560
2561    /// Paint a monochrome SVG into the scene for the next frame at the current stacking context.
2562    ///
2563    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2564    pub fn paint_svg(
2565        &mut self,
2566        bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
2567        path: SharedString,
2568        transformation: TransformationMatrix,
2569        color: Hsla,
2570    ) -> Result<()> {
2571        debug_assert_eq!(
2572            self.window.draw_phase,
2573            DrawPhase::Paint,
2574            "this method can only be called during paint"
2575        );
2576
2577        let element_opacity = self.element_opacity();
2578        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2579        let bounds = bounds.scale(scale_factor);
2580        // Render the SVG at twice the size to get a higher quality result.
2581        let params = RenderSvgParams {
2582            path,
2583            size: bounds
2584                .size
2585                .map(|pixels| DevicePixels::from((pixels.0 * 2.).ceil() as i32)),
2586        };
2587
2588        let Some(tile) =
2589            self.window
2590                .sprite_atlas
2591                .get_or_insert_with(&params.clone().into(), &mut || {
2592                    let Some(bytes) = self.svg_renderer.render(&params)? else {
2593                        return Ok(None);
2594                    };
2595                    Ok(Some((params.size, Cow::Owned(bytes))))
2596                })?
2597        else {
2598            return Ok(());
2599        };
2600        let content_mask = self.content_mask().scale(scale_factor);
2601
2602        self.window
2603            .next_frame
2604            .scene
2605            .insert_primitive(MonochromeSprite {
2606                order: 0,
2607                pad: 0,
2608                bounds: bounds
2609                    .map_origin(|origin| origin.floor())
2610                    .map_size(|size| size.ceil()),
2611                content_mask,
2612                color: color.opacity(element_opacity),
2613                tile,
2614                transformation,
2615            });
2616
2617        Ok(())
2618    }
2619
2620    /// Paint an image into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2621    /// This method will panic if the frame_index is not valid
2622    ///
2623    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2624    pub fn paint_image(
2625        &mut self,
2626        bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
2627        corner_radii: Corners<Pixels>,
2628        data: Arc<RenderImage>,
2629        frame_index: usize,
2630        grayscale: bool,
2631    ) -> Result<()> {
2632        debug_assert_eq!(
2633            self.window.draw_phase,
2634            DrawPhase::Paint,
2635            "this method can only be called during paint"
2636        );
2637
2638        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2639        let bounds = bounds.scale(scale_factor);
2640        let params = RenderImageParams {
2641            image_id: data.id,
2642            frame_index,
2643        };
2644
2645        let tile = self
2646            .window
2647            .sprite_atlas
2648            .get_or_insert_with(&params.clone().into(), &mut || {
2649                Ok(Some((
2650                    data.size(frame_index),
2651                    Cow::Borrowed(
2652                        data.as_bytes(frame_index)
2653                            .expect("It's the caller's job to pass a valid frame index"),
2654                    ),
2655                )))
2656            })?
2657            .expect("Callback above only returns Some");
2658        let content_mask = self.content_mask().scale(scale_factor);
2659        let corner_radii = corner_radii.scale(scale_factor);
2660        let opacity = self.element_opacity();
2661
2662        self.window
2663            .next_frame
2664            .scene
2665            .insert_primitive(PolychromeSprite {
2666                order: 0,
2667                pad: 0,
2668                grayscale,
2669                bounds,
2670                content_mask,
2671                corner_radii,
2672                tile,
2673                opacity,
2674            });
2675        Ok(())
2676    }
2677
2678    /// Paint a surface into the scene for the next frame at the current z-index.
2679    ///
2680    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2681    #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
2682    pub fn paint_surface(&mut self, bounds: Bounds<Pixels>, image_buffer: CVImageBuffer) {
2683        use crate::PaintSurface;
2684
2685        debug_assert_eq!(
2686            self.window.draw_phase,
2687            DrawPhase::Paint,
2688            "this method can only be called during paint"
2689        );
2690
2691        let scale_factor = self.scale_factor();
2692        let bounds = bounds.scale(scale_factor);
2693        let content_mask = self.content_mask().scale(scale_factor);
2694        self.window.next_frame.scene.insert_primitive(PaintSurface {
2695            order: 0,
2696            bounds,
2697            content_mask,
2698            image_buffer,
2699        });
2700    }
2701
2702    /// Removes an image from the sprite atlas.
2703    pub fn drop_image(&mut self, data: Arc<RenderImage>) -> Result<()> {
2704        for frame_index in 0..data.frame_count() {
2705            let params = RenderImageParams {
2706                image_id: data.id,
2707                frame_index,
2708            };
2709
2710            self.window.sprite_atlas.remove(&params.clone().into());
2711        }
2712
2713        Ok(())
2714    }
2715
2716    #[must_use]
2717    /// Add a node to the layout tree for the current frame. Takes the `Style` of the element for which
2718    /// layout is being requested, along with the layout ids of any children. This method is called during
2719    /// calls to the [`Element::request_layout`] trait method and enables any element to participate in layout.
2720    ///
2721    /// This method should only be called as part of the request_layout or prepaint phase of element drawing.
2722    pub fn request_layout(
2723        &mut self,
2724        style: Style,
2725        children: impl IntoIterator<Item = LayoutId>,
2726    ) -> LayoutId {
2727        debug_assert_eq!(
2728            self.window.draw_phase,
2729            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2730            "this method can only be called during request_layout, or prepaint"
2731        );
2732
2733        self.app.layout_id_buffer.clear();
2734        self.app.layout_id_buffer.extend(children);
2735        let rem_size = self.rem_size();
2736
2737        self.window.layout_engine.as_mut().unwrap().request_layout(
2738            style,
2739            rem_size,
2740            &self.app.layout_id_buffer,
2741        )
2742    }
2743
2744    /// Add a node to the layout tree for the current frame. Instead of taking a `Style` and children,
2745    /// this variant takes a function that is invoked during layout so you can use arbitrary logic to
2746    /// determine the element's size. One place this is used internally is when measuring text.
2747    ///
2748    /// The given closure is invoked at layout time with the known dimensions and available space and
2749    /// returns a `Size`.
2750    ///
2751    /// This method should only be called as part of the request_layout or prepaint phase of element drawing.
2752    pub fn request_measured_layout<
2753        F: FnMut(Size<Option<Pixels>>, Size<AvailableSpace>, &mut WindowContext) -> Size<Pixels>
2754            + 'static,
2755    >(
2756        &mut self,
2757        style: Style,
2758        measure: F,
2759    ) -> LayoutId {
2760        debug_assert_eq!(
2761            self.window.draw_phase,
2762            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2763            "this method can only be called during request_layout, or prepaint"
2764        );
2765
2766        let rem_size = self.rem_size();
2767        self.window
2768            .layout_engine
2769            .as_mut()
2770            .unwrap()
2771            .request_measured_layout(style, rem_size, measure)
2772    }
2773
2774    /// Compute the layout for the given id within the given available space.
2775    /// This method is called for its side effect, typically by the framework prior to painting.
2776    /// After calling it, you can request the bounds of the given layout node id or any descendant.
2777    ///
2778    /// This method should only be called as part of the prepaint phase of element drawing.
2779    pub fn compute_layout(&mut self, layout_id: LayoutId, available_space: Size<AvailableSpace>) {
2780        debug_assert_eq!(
2781            self.window.draw_phase,
2782            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2783            "this method can only be called during request_layout, or prepaint"
2784        );
2785
2786        let mut layout_engine = self.window.layout_engine.take().unwrap();
2787        layout_engine.compute_layout(layout_id, available_space, self);
2788        self.window.layout_engine = Some(layout_engine);
2789    }
2790
2791    /// Obtain the bounds computed for the given LayoutId relative to the window. This method will usually be invoked by
2792    /// GPUI itself automatically in order to pass your element its `Bounds` automatically.
2793    ///
2794    /// This method should only be called as part of element drawing.
2795    pub fn layout_bounds(&mut self, layout_id: LayoutId) -> Bounds<Pixels> {
2796        debug_assert_eq!(
2797            self.window.draw_phase,
2798            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2799            "this method can only be called during request_layout, prepaint, or paint"
2800        );
2801
2802        let mut bounds = self
2803            .window
2804            .layout_engine
2805            .as_mut()
2806            .unwrap()
2807            .layout_bounds(layout_id)
2808            .map(Into::into);
2809        bounds.origin += self.element_offset();
2810        bounds
2811    }
2812
2813    /// This method should be called during `prepaint`. You can use
2814    /// the returned [Hitbox] during `paint` or in an event handler
2815    /// to determine whether the inserted hitbox was the topmost.
2816    ///
2817    /// This method should only be called as part of the prepaint phase of element drawing.
2818    pub fn insert_hitbox(&mut self, bounds: Bounds<Pixels>, opaque: bool) -> Hitbox {
2819        debug_assert_eq!(
2820            self.window.draw_phase,
2821            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2822            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
2823        );
2824
2825        let content_mask = self.content_mask();
2826        let window = &mut self.window;
2827        let id = window.next_hitbox_id;
2828        window.next_hitbox_id.0 += 1;
2829        let hitbox = Hitbox {
2830            id,
2831            bounds,
2832            content_mask,
2833            opaque,
2834        };
2835        window.next_frame.hitboxes.push(hitbox.clone());
2836        hitbox
2837    }
2838
2839    /// Sets the key context for the current element. This context will be used to translate
2840    /// keybindings into actions.
2841    ///
2842    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2843    pub fn set_key_context(&mut self, context: KeyContext) {
2844        debug_assert_eq!(
2845            self.window.draw_phase,
2846            DrawPhase::Paint,
2847            "this method can only be called during paint"
2848        );
2849        self.window
2850            .next_frame
2851            .dispatch_tree
2852            .set_key_context(context);
2853    }
2854
2855    /// Sets the focus handle for the current element. This handle will be used to manage focus state
2856    /// and keyboard event dispatch for the element.
2857    ///
2858    /// This method should only be called as part of the prepaint phase of element drawing.
2859    pub fn set_focus_handle(&mut self, focus_handle: &FocusHandle) {
2860        debug_assert_eq!(
2861            self.window.draw_phase,
2862            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2863            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
2864        );
2865        if focus_handle.is_focused(self) {
2866            self.window.next_frame.focus = Some(focus_handle.id);
2867        }
2868        self.window
2869            .next_frame
2870            .dispatch_tree
2871            .set_focus_id(focus_handle.id);
2872    }
2873
2874    /// Sets the view id for the current element, which will be used to manage view caching.
2875    ///
2876    /// This method should only be called as part of element prepaint. We plan on removing this
2877    /// method eventually when we solve some issues that require us to construct editor elements
2878    /// directly instead of always using editors via views.
2879    pub fn set_view_id(&mut self, view_id: EntityId) {
2880        debug_assert_eq!(
2881            self.window.draw_phase,
2882            DrawPhase::Prepaint,
2883            "this method can only be called during prepaint"
2884        );
2885        self.window.next_frame.dispatch_tree.set_view_id(view_id);
2886    }
2887
2888    /// Get the last view id for the current element
2889    pub fn parent_view_id(&self) -> Option<EntityId> {
2890        self.window.next_frame.dispatch_tree.parent_view_id()
2891    }
2892
2893    /// Sets an input handler, such as [`ElementInputHandler`][element_input_handler], which interfaces with the
2894    /// platform to receive textual input with proper integration with concerns such
2895    /// as IME interactions. This handler will be active for the upcoming frame until the following frame is
2896    /// rendered.
2897    ///
2898    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2899    ///
2900    /// [element_input_handler]: crate::ElementInputHandler
2901    pub fn handle_input(&mut self, focus_handle: &FocusHandle, input_handler: impl InputHandler) {
2902        debug_assert_eq!(
2903            self.window.draw_phase,
2904            DrawPhase::Paint,
2905            "this method can only be called during paint"
2906        );
2907
2908        if focus_handle.is_focused(self) {
2909            let cx = self.to_async();
2910            self.window
2911                .next_frame
2912                .input_handlers
2913                .push(Some(PlatformInputHandler::new(cx, Box::new(input_handler))));
2914        }
2915    }
2916
2917    /// Register a mouse event listener on the window for the next frame. The type of event
2918    /// is determined by the first parameter of the given listener. When the next frame is rendered
2919    /// the listener will be cleared.
2920    ///
2921    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2922    pub fn on_mouse_event<Event: MouseEvent>(
2923        &mut self,
2924        mut handler: impl FnMut(&Event, DispatchPhase, &mut WindowContext) + 'static,
2925    ) {
2926        debug_assert_eq!(
2927            self.window.draw_phase,
2928            DrawPhase::Paint,
2929            "this method can only be called during paint"
2930        );
2931
2932        self.window.next_frame.mouse_listeners.push(Some(Box::new(
2933            move |event: &dyn Any, phase: DispatchPhase, cx: &mut WindowContext<'_>| {
2934                if let Some(event) = event.downcast_ref() {
2935                    handler(event, phase, cx)
2936                }
2937            },
2938        )));
2939    }
2940
2941    /// Register a key event listener on the window for the next frame. The type of event
2942    /// is determined by the first parameter of the given listener. When the next frame is rendered
2943    /// the listener will be cleared.
2944    ///
2945    /// This is a fairly low-level method, so prefer using event handlers on elements unless you have
2946    /// a specific need to register a global listener.
2947    ///
2948    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2949    pub fn on_key_event<Event: KeyEvent>(
2950        &mut self,
2951        listener: impl Fn(&Event, DispatchPhase, &mut WindowContext) + 'static,
2952    ) {
2953        debug_assert_eq!(
2954            self.window.draw_phase,
2955            DrawPhase::Paint,
2956            "this method can only be called during paint"
2957        );
2958
2959        self.window.next_frame.dispatch_tree.on_key_event(Rc::new(
2960            move |event: &dyn Any, phase, cx: &mut WindowContext<'_>| {
2961                if let Some(event) = event.downcast_ref::<Event>() {
2962                    listener(event, phase, cx)
2963                }
2964            },
2965        ));
2966    }
2967
2968    /// Register a modifiers changed event listener on the window for the next frame.
2969    ///
2970    /// This is a fairly low-level method, so prefer using event handlers on elements unless you have
2971    /// a specific need to register a global listener.
2972    ///
2973    /// This method should only be called as part of the paint phase of element drawing.
2974    pub fn on_modifiers_changed(
2975        &mut self,
2976        listener: impl Fn(&ModifiersChangedEvent, &mut WindowContext) + 'static,
2977    ) {
2978        debug_assert_eq!(
2979            self.window.draw_phase,
2980            DrawPhase::Paint,
2981            "this method can only be called during paint"
2982        );
2983
2984        self.window
2985            .next_frame
2986            .dispatch_tree
2987            .on_modifiers_changed(Rc::new(
2988                move |event: &ModifiersChangedEvent, cx: &mut WindowContext<'_>| {
2989                    listener(event, cx)
2990                },
2991            ));
2992    }
2993
2994    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle or one of its descendants receives focus.
2995    /// This does not fire if the given focus handle - or one of its descendants - was previously focused.
2996    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
2997    pub fn on_focus_in(
2998        &mut self,
2999        handle: &FocusHandle,
3000        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut WindowContext) + 'static,
3001    ) -> Subscription {
3002        let focus_id = handle.id;
3003        let (subscription, activate) =
3004            self.window.new_focus_listener(Box::new(move |event, cx| {
3005                if event.is_focus_in(focus_id) {
3006                    listener(cx);
3007                }
3008                true
3009            }));
3010        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
3011        subscription
3012    }
3013
3014    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle or one of its descendants loses focus.
3015    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
3016    pub fn on_focus_out(
3017        &mut self,
3018        handle: &FocusHandle,
3019        mut listener: impl FnMut(FocusOutEvent, &mut WindowContext) + 'static,
3020    ) -> Subscription {
3021        let focus_id = handle.id;
3022        let (subscription, activate) =
3023            self.window.new_focus_listener(Box::new(move |event, cx| {
3024                if let Some(blurred_id) = event.previous_focus_path.last().copied() {
3025                    if event.is_focus_out(focus_id) {
3026                        let event = FocusOutEvent {
3027                            blurred: WeakFocusHandle {
3028                                id: blurred_id,
3029                                handles: Arc::downgrade(&cx.app.focus_handles),
3030                            },
3031                        };
3032                        listener(event, cx)
3033                    }
3034                }
3035                true
3036            }));
3037        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
3038        subscription
3039    }
3040
3041    fn reset_cursor_style(&self) {
3042        // Set the cursor only if we're the active window.
3043        if self.is_window_hovered() {
3044            let style = self
3045                .window
3046                .rendered_frame
3047                .cursor_styles
3048                .iter()
3049                .rev()
3050                .find(|request| request.hitbox_id.is_hovered(self))
3051                .map(|request| request.style)
3052                .unwrap_or(CursorStyle::Arrow);
3053            self.platform.set_cursor_style(style);
3054        }
3055    }
3056
3057    /// Dispatch a given keystroke as though the user had typed it.
3058    /// You can create a keystroke with Keystroke::parse("").
3059    pub fn dispatch_keystroke(&mut self, keystroke: Keystroke) -> bool {
3060        let keystroke = keystroke.with_simulated_ime();
3061        let result = self.dispatch_event(PlatformInput::KeyDown(KeyDownEvent {
3062            keystroke: keystroke.clone(),
3063            is_held: false,
3064        }));
3065        if !result.propagate {
3066            return true;
3067        }
3068
3069        if let Some(input) = keystroke.key_char {
3070            if let Some(mut input_handler) = self.window.platform_window.take_input_handler() {
3071                input_handler.dispatch_input(&input, self);
3072                self.window.platform_window.set_input_handler(input_handler);
3073                return true;
3074            }
3075        }
3076
3077        false
3078    }
3079
3080    /// Represent this action as a key binding string, to display in the UI.
3081    pub fn keystroke_text_for(&self, action: &dyn Action) -> String {
3082        self.bindings_for_action(action)
3083            .into_iter()
3084            .next()
3085            .map(|binding| {
3086                binding
3087                    .keystrokes()
3088                    .iter()
3089                    .map(ToString::to_string)
3090                    .collect::<Vec<_>>()
3091                    .join(" ")
3092            })
3093            .unwrap_or_else(|| action.name().to_string())
3094    }
3095
3096    /// Dispatch a mouse or keyboard event on the window.
3097    #[profiling::function]
3098    pub fn dispatch_event(&mut self, event: PlatformInput) -> DispatchEventResult {
3099        self.window.last_input_timestamp.set(Instant::now());
3100        // Handlers may set this to false by calling `stop_propagation`.
3101        self.app.propagate_event = true;
3102        // Handlers may set this to true by calling `prevent_default`.
3103        self.window.default_prevented = false;
3104
3105        let event = match event {
3106            // Track the mouse position with our own state, since accessing the platform
3107            // API for the mouse position can only occur on the main thread.
3108            PlatformInput::MouseMove(mouse_move) => {
3109                self.window.mouse_position = mouse_move.position;
3110                self.window.modifiers = mouse_move.modifiers;
3111                PlatformInput::MouseMove(mouse_move)
3112            }
3113            PlatformInput::MouseDown(mouse_down) => {
3114                self.window.mouse_position = mouse_down.position;
3115                self.window.modifiers = mouse_down.modifiers;
3116                PlatformInput::MouseDown(mouse_down)
3117            }
3118            PlatformInput::MouseUp(mouse_up) => {
3119                self.window.mouse_position = mouse_up.position;
3120                self.window.modifiers = mouse_up.modifiers;
3121                PlatformInput::MouseUp(mouse_up)
3122            }
3123            PlatformInput::MouseExited(mouse_exited) => {
3124                self.window.modifiers = mouse_exited.modifiers;
3125                PlatformInput::MouseExited(mouse_exited)
3126            }
3127            PlatformInput::ModifiersChanged(modifiers_changed) => {
3128                self.window.modifiers = modifiers_changed.modifiers;
3129                PlatformInput::ModifiersChanged(modifiers_changed)
3130            }
3131            PlatformInput::ScrollWheel(scroll_wheel) => {
3132                self.window.mouse_position = scroll_wheel.position;
3133                self.window.modifiers = scroll_wheel.modifiers;
3134                PlatformInput::ScrollWheel(scroll_wheel)
3135            }
3136            // Translate dragging and dropping of external files from the operating system
3137            // to internal drag and drop events.
3138            PlatformInput::FileDrop(file_drop) => match file_drop {
3139                FileDropEvent::Entered { position, paths } => {
3140                    self.window.mouse_position = position;
3141                    if self.active_drag.is_none() {
3142                        self.active_drag = Some(AnyDrag {
3143                            value: Arc::new(paths.clone()),
3144                            view: self.new_view(|_| paths).into(),
3145                            cursor_offset: position,
3146                        });
3147                    }
3148                    PlatformInput::MouseMove(MouseMoveEvent {
3149                        position,
3150                        pressed_button: Some(MouseButton::Left),
3151                        modifiers: Modifiers::default(),
3152                    })
3153                }
3154                FileDropEvent::Pending { position } => {
3155                    self.window.mouse_position = position;
3156                    PlatformInput::MouseMove(MouseMoveEvent {
3157                        position,
3158                        pressed_button: Some(MouseButton::Left),
3159                        modifiers: Modifiers::default(),
3160                    })
3161                }
3162                FileDropEvent::Submit { position } => {
3163                    self.activate(true);
3164                    self.window.mouse_position = position;
3165                    PlatformInput::MouseUp(MouseUpEvent {
3166                        button: MouseButton::Left,
3167                        position,
3168                        modifiers: Modifiers::default(),
3169                        click_count: 1,
3170                    })
3171                }
3172                FileDropEvent::Exited => {
3173                    self.active_drag.take();
3174                    PlatformInput::FileDrop(FileDropEvent::Exited)
3175                }
3176            },
3177            PlatformInput::KeyDown(_) | PlatformInput::KeyUp(_) => event,
3178        };
3179
3180        if let Some(any_mouse_event) = event.mouse_event() {
3181            self.dispatch_mouse_event(any_mouse_event);
3182        } else if let Some(any_key_event) = event.keyboard_event() {
3183            self.dispatch_key_event(any_key_event);
3184        }
3185
3186        DispatchEventResult {
3187            propagate: self.app.propagate_event,
3188            default_prevented: self.window.default_prevented,
3189        }
3190    }
3191
3192    fn dispatch_mouse_event(&mut self, event: &dyn Any) {
3193        let hit_test = self.window.rendered_frame.hit_test(self.mouse_position());
3194        if hit_test != self.window.mouse_hit_test {
3195            self.window.mouse_hit_test = hit_test;
3196            self.reset_cursor_style();
3197        }
3198
3199        let mut mouse_listeners = mem::take(&mut self.window.rendered_frame.mouse_listeners);
3200
3201        // Capture phase, events bubble from back to front. Handlers for this phase are used for
3202        // special purposes, such as detecting events outside of a given Bounds.
3203        for listener in &mut mouse_listeners {
3204            let listener = listener.as_mut().unwrap();
3205            listener(event, DispatchPhase::Capture, self);
3206            if !self.app.propagate_event {
3207                break;
3208            }
3209        }
3210
3211        // Bubble phase, where most normal handlers do their work.
3212        if self.app.propagate_event {
3213            for listener in mouse_listeners.iter_mut().rev() {
3214                let listener = listener.as_mut().unwrap();
3215                listener(event, DispatchPhase::Bubble, self);
3216                if !self.app.propagate_event {
3217                    break;
3218                }
3219            }
3220        }
3221
3222        self.window.rendered_frame.mouse_listeners = mouse_listeners;
3223
3224        if self.has_active_drag() {
3225            if event.is::<MouseMoveEvent>() {
3226                // If this was a mouse move event, redraw the window so that the
3227                // active drag can follow the mouse cursor.
3228                self.refresh();
3229            } else if event.is::<MouseUpEvent>() {
3230                // If this was a mouse up event, cancel the active drag and redraw
3231                // the window.
3232                self.active_drag = None;
3233                self.refresh();
3234            }
3235        }
3236    }
3237
3238    fn dispatch_key_event(&mut self, event: &dyn Any) {
3239        if self.window.dirty.get() {
3240            self.draw();
3241        }
3242
3243        let node_id = self
3244            .window
3245            .focus
3246            .and_then(|focus_id| {
3247                self.window
3248                    .rendered_frame
3249                    .dispatch_tree
3250                    .focusable_node_id(focus_id)
3251            })
3252            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
3253
3254        let dispatch_path = self
3255            .window
3256            .rendered_frame
3257            .dispatch_tree
3258            .dispatch_path(node_id);
3259
3260        let mut keystroke: Option<Keystroke> = None;
3261
3262        if let Some(event) = event.downcast_ref::<ModifiersChangedEvent>() {
3263            if event.modifiers.number_of_modifiers() == 0
3264                && self.window.pending_modifier.modifiers.number_of_modifiers() == 1
3265                && !self.window.pending_modifier.saw_keystroke
3266            {
3267                let key = match self.window.pending_modifier.modifiers {
3268                    modifiers if modifiers.shift => Some("shift"),
3269                    modifiers if modifiers.control => Some("control"),
3270                    modifiers if modifiers.alt => Some("alt"),
3271                    modifiers if modifiers.platform => Some("platform"),
3272                    modifiers if modifiers.function => Some("function"),
3273                    _ => None,
3274                };
3275                if let Some(key) = key {
3276                    keystroke = Some(Keystroke {
3277                        key: key.to_string(),
3278                        key_char: None,
3279                        modifiers: Modifiers::default(),
3280                    });
3281                }
3282            }
3283
3284            if self.window.pending_modifier.modifiers.number_of_modifiers() == 0
3285                && event.modifiers.number_of_modifiers() == 1
3286            {
3287                self.window.pending_modifier.saw_keystroke = false
3288            }
3289            self.window.pending_modifier.modifiers = event.modifiers
3290        } else if let Some(key_down_event) = event.downcast_ref::<KeyDownEvent>() {
3291            self.window.pending_modifier.saw_keystroke = true;
3292            keystroke = Some(key_down_event.keystroke.clone());
3293        }
3294
3295        let Some(keystroke) = keystroke else {
3296            self.finish_dispatch_key_event(event, dispatch_path);
3297            return;
3298        };
3299
3300        let mut currently_pending = self.window.pending_input.take().unwrap_or_default();
3301        if currently_pending.focus.is_some() && currently_pending.focus != self.window.focus {
3302            currently_pending = PendingInput::default();
3303        }
3304
3305        let match_result = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.dispatch_key(
3306            currently_pending.keystrokes,
3307            keystroke,
3308            &dispatch_path,
3309        );
3310        if !match_result.to_replay.is_empty() {
3311            self.replay_pending_input(match_result.to_replay)
3312        }
3313
3314        if !match_result.pending.is_empty() {
3315            currently_pending.keystrokes = match_result.pending;
3316            currently_pending.focus = self.window.focus;
3317            currently_pending.timer = Some(self.spawn(|mut cx| async move {
3318                cx.background_executor.timer(Duration::from_secs(1)).await;
3319                cx.update(move |cx| {
3320                    let Some(currently_pending) = cx
3321                        .window
3322                        .pending_input
3323                        .take()
3324                        .filter(|pending| pending.focus == cx.window.focus)
3325                    else {
3326                        return;
3327                    };
3328
3329                    let dispatch_path = cx
3330                        .window
3331                        .rendered_frame
3332                        .dispatch_tree
3333                        .dispatch_path(node_id);
3334
3335                    let to_replay = cx
3336                        .window
3337                        .rendered_frame
3338                        .dispatch_tree
3339                        .flush_dispatch(currently_pending.keystrokes, &dispatch_path);
3340
3341                    cx.replay_pending_input(to_replay)
3342                })
3343                .log_err();
3344            }));
3345            self.window.pending_input = Some(currently_pending);
3346            self.pending_input_changed();
3347            self.propagate_event = false;
3348            return;
3349        }
3350
3351        self.propagate_event = true;
3352        for binding in match_result.bindings {
3353            self.dispatch_action_on_node(node_id, binding.action.as_ref());
3354            if !self.propagate_event {
3355                self.dispatch_keystroke_observers(event, Some(binding.action));
3356                self.pending_input_changed();
3357                return;
3358            }
3359        }
3360
3361        self.finish_dispatch_key_event(event, dispatch_path);
3362        self.pending_input_changed();
3363    }
3364
3365    fn finish_dispatch_key_event(
3366        &mut self,
3367        event: &dyn Any,
3368        dispatch_path: SmallVec<[DispatchNodeId; 32]>,
3369    ) {
3370        self.dispatch_key_down_up_event(event, &dispatch_path);
3371        if !self.propagate_event {
3372            return;
3373        }
3374
3375        self.dispatch_modifiers_changed_event(event, &dispatch_path);
3376        if !self.propagate_event {
3377            return;
3378        }
3379
3380        self.dispatch_keystroke_observers(event, None);
3381    }
3382
3383    fn pending_input_changed(&mut self) {
3384        self.window
3385            .pending_input_observers
3386            .clone()
3387            .retain(&(), |callback| callback(self));
3388    }
3389
3390    fn dispatch_key_down_up_event(
3391        &mut self,
3392        event: &dyn Any,
3393        dispatch_path: &SmallVec<[DispatchNodeId; 32]>,
3394    ) {
3395        // Capture phase
3396        for node_id in dispatch_path {
3397            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
3398
3399            for key_listener in node.key_listeners.clone() {
3400                key_listener(event, DispatchPhase::Capture, self);
3401                if !self.propagate_event {
3402                    return;
3403                }
3404            }
3405        }
3406
3407        // Bubble phase
3408        for node_id in dispatch_path.iter().rev() {
3409            // Handle low level key events
3410            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
3411            for key_listener in node.key_listeners.clone() {
3412                key_listener(event, DispatchPhase::Bubble, self);
3413                if !self.propagate_event {
3414                    return;
3415                }
3416            }
3417        }
3418    }
3419
3420    fn dispatch_modifiers_changed_event(
3421        &mut self,
3422        event: &dyn Any,
3423        dispatch_path: &SmallVec<[DispatchNodeId; 32]>,
3424    ) {
3425        let Some(event) = event.downcast_ref::<ModifiersChangedEvent>() else {
3426            return;
3427        };
3428        for node_id in dispatch_path.iter().rev() {
3429            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
3430            for listener in node.modifiers_changed_listeners.clone() {
3431                listener(event, self);
3432                if !self.propagate_event {
3433                    return;
3434                }
3435            }
3436        }
3437    }
3438
3439    /// Determine whether a potential multi-stroke key binding is in progress on this window.
3440    pub fn has_pending_keystrokes(&self) -> bool {
3441        self.window.pending_input.is_some()
3442    }
3443
3444    pub(crate) fn clear_pending_keystrokes(&mut self) {
3445        self.window.pending_input.take();
3446    }
3447
3448    /// Returns the currently pending input keystrokes that might result in a multi-stroke key binding.
3449    pub fn pending_input_keystrokes(&self) -> Option<&[Keystroke]> {
3450        self.window
3451            .pending_input
3452            .as_ref()
3453            .map(|pending_input| pending_input.keystrokes.as_slice())
3454    }
3455
3456    fn replay_pending_input(&mut self, replays: SmallVec<[Replay; 1]>) {
3457        let node_id = self
3458            .window
3459            .focus
3460            .and_then(|focus_id| {
3461                self.window
3462                    .rendered_frame
3463                    .dispatch_tree
3464                    .focusable_node_id(focus_id)
3465            })
3466            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
3467
3468        let dispatch_path = self
3469            .window
3470            .rendered_frame
3471            .dispatch_tree
3472            .dispatch_path(node_id);
3473
3474        'replay: for replay in replays {
3475            let event = KeyDownEvent {
3476                keystroke: replay.keystroke.clone(),
3477                is_held: false,
3478            };
3479
3480            self.propagate_event = true;
3481            for binding in replay.bindings {
3482                self.dispatch_action_on_node(node_id, binding.action.as_ref());
3483                if !self.propagate_event {
3484                    self.dispatch_keystroke_observers(&event, Some(binding.action));
3485                    continue 'replay;
3486                }
3487            }
3488
3489            self.dispatch_key_down_up_event(&event, &dispatch_path);
3490            if !self.propagate_event {
3491                continue 'replay;
3492            }
3493            if let Some(input) = replay.keystroke.key_char.as_ref().cloned() {
3494                if let Some(mut input_handler) = self.window.platform_window.take_input_handler() {
3495                    input_handler.dispatch_input(&input, self);
3496                    self.window.platform_window.set_input_handler(input_handler)
3497                }
3498            }
3499        }
3500    }
3501
3502    fn dispatch_action_on_node(&mut self, node_id: DispatchNodeId, action: &dyn Action) {
3503        let dispatch_path = self
3504            .window
3505            .rendered_frame
3506            .dispatch_tree
3507            .dispatch_path(node_id);
3508
3509        // Capture phase for global actions.
3510        self.propagate_event = true;
3511        if let Some(mut global_listeners) = self
3512            .global_action_listeners
3513            .remove(&action.as_any().type_id())
3514        {
3515            for listener in &global_listeners {
3516                listener(action.as_any(), DispatchPhase::Capture, self);
3517                if !self.propagate_event {
3518                    break;
3519                }
3520            }
3521
3522            global_listeners.extend(
3523                self.global_action_listeners
3524                    .remove(&action.as_any().type_id())
3525                    .unwrap_or_default(),
3526            );
3527
3528            self.global_action_listeners
3529                .insert(action.as_any().type_id(), global_listeners);
3530        }
3531
3532        if !self.propagate_event {
3533            return;
3534        }
3535
3536        // Capture phase for window actions.
3537        for node_id in &dispatch_path {
3538            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
3539            for DispatchActionListener {
3540                action_type,
3541                listener,
3542            } in node.action_listeners.clone()
3543            {
3544                let any_action = action.as_any();
3545                if action_type == any_action.type_id() {
3546                    listener(any_action, DispatchPhase::Capture, self);
3547
3548                    if !self.propagate_event {
3549                        return;
3550                    }
3551                }
3552            }
3553        }
3554
3555        // Bubble phase for window actions.
3556        for node_id in dispatch_path.iter().rev() {
3557            let node = self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.node(*node_id);
3558            for DispatchActionListener {
3559                action_type,
3560                listener,
3561            } in node.action_listeners.clone()
3562            {
3563                let any_action = action.as_any();
3564                if action_type == any_action.type_id() {
3565                    self.propagate_event = false; // Actions stop propagation by default during the bubble phase
3566                    listener(any_action, DispatchPhase::Bubble, self);
3567
3568                    if !self.propagate_event {
3569                        return;
3570                    }
3571                }
3572            }
3573        }
3574
3575        // Bubble phase for global actions.
3576        if let Some(mut global_listeners) = self
3577            .global_action_listeners
3578            .remove(&action.as_any().type_id())
3579        {
3580            for listener in global_listeners.iter().rev() {
3581                self.propagate_event = false; // Actions stop propagation by default during the bubble phase
3582
3583                listener(action.as_any(), DispatchPhase::Bubble, self);
3584                if !self.propagate_event {
3585                    break;
3586                }
3587            }
3588
3589            global_listeners.extend(
3590                self.global_action_listeners
3591                    .remove(&action.as_any().type_id())
3592                    .unwrap_or_default(),
3593            );
3594
3595            self.global_action_listeners
3596                .insert(action.as_any().type_id(), global_listeners);
3597        }
3598    }
3599
3600    /// Register the given handler to be invoked whenever the global of the given type
3601    /// is updated.
3602    pub fn observe_global<G: Global>(
3603        &mut self,
3604        f: impl Fn(&mut WindowContext<'_>) + 'static,
3605    ) -> Subscription {
3606        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
3607        let (subscription, activate) = self.global_observers.insert(
3608            TypeId::of::<G>(),
3609            Box::new(move |cx| window_handle.update(cx, |_, cx| f(cx)).is_ok()),
3610        );
3611        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
3612        subscription
3613    }
3614
3615    /// Focus the current window and bring it to the foreground at the platform level.
3616    pub fn activate_window(&self) {
3617        self.window.platform_window.activate();
3618    }
3619
3620    /// Minimize the current window at the platform level.
3621    pub fn minimize_window(&self) {
3622        self.window.platform_window.minimize();
3623    }
3624
3625    /// Toggle full screen status on the current window at the platform level.
3626    pub fn toggle_fullscreen(&self) {
3627        self.window.platform_window.toggle_fullscreen();
3628    }
3629
3630    /// Updates the IME panel position suggestions for languages like japanese, chinese.
3631    pub fn invalidate_character_coordinates(&self) {
3632        self.on_next_frame(|cx| {
3633            if let Some(mut input_handler) = cx.window.platform_window.take_input_handler() {
3634                if let Some(bounds) = input_handler.selected_bounds(cx) {
3635                    cx.window
3636                        .platform_window
3637                        .update_ime_position(bounds.scale(cx.scale_factor()));
3638                }
3639                cx.window.platform_window.set_input_handler(input_handler);
3640            }
3641        });
3642    }
3643
3644    /// Present a platform dialog.
3645    /// The provided message will be presented, along with buttons for each answer.
3646    /// When a button is clicked, the returned Receiver will receive the index of the clicked button.
3647    pub fn prompt(
3648        &mut self,
3649        level: PromptLevel,
3650        message: &str,
3651        detail: Option<&str>,
3652        answers: &[&str],
3653    ) -> oneshot::Receiver<usize> {
3654        let prompt_builder = self.app.prompt_builder.take();
3655        let Some(prompt_builder) = prompt_builder else {
3656            unreachable!("Re-entrant window prompting is not supported by GPUI");
3657        };
3658
3659        let receiver = match &prompt_builder {
3660            PromptBuilder::Default => self
3661                .window
3662                .platform_window
3663                .prompt(level, message, detail, answers)
3664                .unwrap_or_else(|| {
3665                    self.build_custom_prompt(&prompt_builder, level, message, detail, answers)
3666                }),
3667            PromptBuilder::Custom(_) => {
3668                self.build_custom_prompt(&prompt_builder, level, message, detail, answers)
3669            }
3670        };
3671
3672        self.app.prompt_builder = Some(prompt_builder);
3673
3674        receiver
3675    }
3676
3677    fn build_custom_prompt(
3678        &mut self,
3679        prompt_builder: &PromptBuilder,
3680        level: PromptLevel,
3681        message: &str,
3682        detail: Option<&str>,
3683        answers: &[&str],
3684    ) -> oneshot::Receiver<usize> {
3685        let (sender, receiver) = oneshot::channel();
3686        let handle = PromptHandle::new(sender);
3687        let handle = (prompt_builder)(level, message, detail, answers, handle, self);
3688        self.window.prompt = Some(handle);
3689        receiver
3690    }
3691
3692    /// Returns the current context stack.
3693    pub fn context_stack(&self) -> Vec<KeyContext> {
3694        let dispatch_tree = &self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree;
3695        let node_id = self
3696            .window
3697            .focus
3698            .and_then(|focus_id| dispatch_tree.focusable_node_id(focus_id))
3699            .unwrap_or_else(|| dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
3700
3701        dispatch_tree
3702            .dispatch_path(node_id)
3703            .iter()
3704            .filter_map(move |&node_id| dispatch_tree.node(node_id).context.clone())
3705            .collect()
3706    }
3707
3708    /// Returns all available actions for the focused element.
3709    pub fn available_actions(&self) -> Vec<Box<dyn Action>> {
3710        let node_id = self
3711            .window
3712            .focus
3713            .and_then(|focus_id| {
3714                self.window
3715                    .rendered_frame
3716                    .dispatch_tree
3717                    .focusable_node_id(focus_id)
3718            })
3719            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.root_node_id());
3720
3721        let mut actions = self
3722            .window
3723            .rendered_frame
3724            .dispatch_tree
3725            .available_actions(node_id);
3726        for action_type in self.global_action_listeners.keys() {
3727            if let Err(ix) = actions.binary_search_by_key(action_type, |a| a.as_any().type_id()) {
3728                let action = self.actions.build_action_type(action_type).ok();
3729                if let Some(action) = action {
3730                    actions.insert(ix, action);
3731                }
3732            }
3733        }
3734        actions
3735    }
3736
3737    /// Returns key bindings that invoke the given action on the currently focused element.
3738    pub fn bindings_for_action(&self, action: &dyn Action) -> Vec<KeyBinding> {
3739        self.window
3740            .rendered_frame
3741            .dispatch_tree
3742            .bindings_for_action(
3743                action,
3744                &self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree.context_stack,
3745            )
3746    }
3747
3748    /// Returns key bindings that invoke the given action on the currently focused element.
3749    pub fn all_bindings_for_input(&self, input: &[Keystroke]) -> Vec<KeyBinding> {
3750        RefCell::borrow(&self.keymap).all_bindings_for_input(input)
3751    }
3752
3753    /// Returns any bindings that would invoke the given action on the given focus handle if it were focused.
3754    pub fn bindings_for_action_in(
3755        &self,
3756        action: &dyn Action,
3757        focus_handle: &FocusHandle,
3758    ) -> Vec<KeyBinding> {
3759        let dispatch_tree = &self.window.rendered_frame.dispatch_tree;
3760
3761        let Some(node_id) = dispatch_tree.focusable_node_id(focus_handle.id) else {
3762            return vec![];
3763        };
3764        let context_stack: Vec<_> = dispatch_tree
3765            .dispatch_path(node_id)
3766            .into_iter()
3767            .filter_map(|node_id| dispatch_tree.node(node_id).context.clone())
3768            .collect();
3769        dispatch_tree.bindings_for_action(action, &context_stack)
3770    }
3771
3772    /// Returns a generic event listener that invokes the given listener with the view and context associated with the given view handle.
3773    pub fn listener_for<V: Render, E>(
3774        &self,
3775        view: &View<V>,
3776        f: impl Fn(&mut V, &E, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
3777    ) -> impl Fn(&E, &mut WindowContext) + 'static {
3778        let view = view.downgrade();
3779        move |e: &E, cx: &mut WindowContext| {
3780            view.update(cx, |view, cx| f(view, e, cx)).ok();
3781        }
3782    }
3783
3784    /// Returns a generic handler that invokes the given handler with the view and context associated with the given view handle.
3785    pub fn handler_for<V: Render>(
3786        &self,
3787        view: &View<V>,
3788        f: impl Fn(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
3789    ) -> impl Fn(&mut WindowContext) {
3790        let view = view.downgrade();
3791        move |cx: &mut WindowContext| {
3792            view.update(cx, |view, cx| f(view, cx)).ok();
3793        }
3794    }
3795
3796    /// Register a callback that can interrupt the closing of the current window based the returned boolean.
3797    /// If the callback returns false, the window won't be closed.
3798    pub fn on_window_should_close(&self, f: impl Fn(&mut WindowContext) -> bool + 'static) {
3799        let mut this = self.to_async();
3800        self.window
3801            .platform_window
3802            .on_should_close(Box::new(move || this.update(|cx| f(cx)).unwrap_or(true)))
3803    }
3804
3805    /// Register an action listener on the window for the next frame. The type of action
3806    /// is determined by the first parameter of the given listener. When the next frame is rendered
3807    /// the listener will be cleared.
3808    ///
3809    /// This is a fairly low-level method, so prefer using action handlers on elements unless you have
3810    /// a specific need to register a global listener.
3811    pub fn on_action(
3812        &mut self,
3813        action_type: TypeId,
3814        listener: impl Fn(&dyn Any, DispatchPhase, &mut WindowContext) + 'static,
3815    ) {
3816        self.window
3817            .next_frame
3818            .dispatch_tree
3819            .on_action(action_type, Rc::new(listener));
3820    }
3821
3822    /// Read information about the GPU backing this window.
3823    /// Currently returns None on Mac and Windows.
3824    pub fn gpu_specs(&self) -> Option<GpuSpecs> {
3825        self.window.platform_window.gpu_specs()
3826    }
3827}
3828
3829#[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
3830impl WindowContext<'_> {
3831    /// Returns the raw HWND handle for the window.
3832    pub fn get_raw_handle(&self) -> windows::Win32::Foundation::HWND {
3833        self.window.platform_window.get_raw_handle()
3834    }
3835}
3836
3837impl Context for WindowContext<'_> {
3838    type Result<T> = T;
3839
3840    fn new_model<T>(&mut self, build_model: impl FnOnce(&mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> T) -> Model<T>
3841    where
3842        T: 'static,
3843    {
3844        let slot = self.app.entities.reserve();
3845        let model = build_model(&mut ModelContext::new(&mut *self.app, slot.downgrade()));
3846        self.entities.insert(slot, model)
3847    }
3848
3849    fn reserve_model<T: 'static>(&mut self) -> Self::Result<crate::Reservation<T>> {
3850        self.app.reserve_model()
3851    }
3852
3853    fn insert_model<T: 'static>(
3854        &mut self,
3855        reservation: crate::Reservation<T>,
3856        build_model: impl FnOnce(&mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> T,
3857    ) -> Self::Result<Model<T>> {
3858        self.app.insert_model(reservation, build_model)
3859    }
3860
3861    fn update_model<T: 'static, R>(
3862        &mut self,
3863        model: &Model<T>,
3864        update: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> R,
3865    ) -> R {
3866        let mut entity = self.entities.lease(model);
3867        let result = update(
3868            &mut *entity,
3869            &mut ModelContext::new(&mut *self.app, model.downgrade()),
3870        );
3871        self.entities.end_lease(entity);
3872        result
3873    }
3874
3875    fn read_model<T, R>(
3876        &self,
3877        handle: &Model<T>,
3878        read: impl FnOnce(&T, &AppContext) -> R,
3879    ) -> Self::Result<R>
3880    where
3881        T: 'static,
3882    {
3883        let entity = self.entities.read(handle);
3884        read(entity, &*self.app)
3885    }
3886
3887    fn update_window<T, F>(&mut self, window: AnyWindowHandle, update: F) -> Result<T>
3888    where
3889        F: FnOnce(AnyView, &mut WindowContext<'_>) -> T,
3890    {
3891        if window == self.window.handle {
3892            let root_view = self.window.root_view.clone().unwrap();
3893            Ok(update(root_view, self))
3894        } else {
3895            window.update(self.app, update)
3896        }
3897    }
3898
3899    fn read_window<T, R>(
3900        &self,
3901        window: &WindowHandle<T>,
3902        read: impl FnOnce(View<T>, &AppContext) -> R,
3903    ) -> Result<R>
3904    where
3905        T: 'static,
3906    {
3907        if window.any_handle == self.window.handle {
3908            let root_view = self
3909                .window
3910                .root_view
3911                .clone()
3912                .unwrap()
3913                .downcast::<T>()
3914                .map_err(|_| anyhow!("the type of the window's root view has changed"))?;
3915            Ok(read(root_view, self))
3916        } else {
3917            self.app.read_window(window, read)
3918        }
3919    }
3920}
3921
3922impl VisualContext for WindowContext<'_> {
3923    fn new_view<V>(
3924        &mut self,
3925        build_view_state: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, V>) -> V,
3926    ) -> Self::Result<View<V>>
3927    where
3928        V: 'static + Render,
3929    {
3930        let slot = self.app.entities.reserve();
3931        let view = View {
3932            model: slot.clone(),
3933        };
3934        let mut cx = ViewContext::new(&mut *self.app, &mut *self.window, &view);
3935        let entity = build_view_state(&mut cx);
3936        cx.entities.insert(slot, entity);
3937
3938        // Non-generic part to avoid leaking SubscriberSet to invokers of `new_view`.
3939        fn notify_observers(cx: &mut WindowContext, tid: TypeId, view: AnyView) {
3940            cx.new_view_observers.clone().retain(&tid, |observer| {
3941                let any_view = view.clone();
3942                (observer)(any_view, cx);
3943                true
3944            });
3945        }
3946        notify_observers(self, TypeId::of::<V>(), AnyView::from(view.clone()));
3947
3948        view
3949    }
3950
3951    /// Updates the given view. Prefer calling [`View::update`] instead, which calls this method.
3952    fn update_view<T: 'static, R>(
3953        &mut self,
3954        view: &View<T>,
3955        update: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut ViewContext<'_, T>) -> R,
3956    ) -> Self::Result<R> {
3957        let mut lease = self.app.entities.lease(&view.model);
3958        let mut cx = ViewContext::new(&mut *self.app, &mut *self.window, view);
3959        let result = update(&mut *lease, &mut cx);
3960        cx.app.entities.end_lease(lease);
3961        result
3962    }
3963
3964    fn replace_root_view<V>(
3965        &mut self,
3966        build_view: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, V>) -> V,
3967    ) -> Self::Result<View<V>>
3968    where
3969        V: 'static + Render,
3970    {
3971        let view = self.new_view(build_view);
3972        self.window.root_view = Some(view.clone().into());
3973        self.refresh();
3974        view
3975    }
3976
3977    fn focus_view<V: crate::FocusableView>(&mut self, view: &View<V>) -> Self::Result<()> {
3978        self.update_view(view, |view, cx| {
3979            view.focus_handle(cx).clone().focus(cx);
3980        })
3981    }
3982
3983    fn dismiss_view<V>(&mut self, view: &View<V>) -> Self::Result<()>
3984    where
3985        V: ManagedView,
3986    {
3987        self.update_view(view, |_, cx| cx.emit(DismissEvent))
3988    }
3989}
3990
3991impl<'a> std::ops::Deref for WindowContext<'a> {
3992    type Target = AppContext;
3993
3994    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
3995        self.app
3996    }
3997}
3998
3999impl<'a> std::ops::DerefMut for WindowContext<'a> {
4000    fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
4001        self.app
4002    }
4003}
4004
4005impl<'a> Borrow<AppContext> for WindowContext<'a> {
4006    fn borrow(&self) -> &AppContext {
4007        self.app
4008    }
4009}
4010
4011impl<'a> BorrowMut<AppContext> for WindowContext<'a> {
4012    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut AppContext {
4013        self.app
4014    }
4015}
4016
4017/// This trait contains functionality that is shared across [`ViewContext`] and [`WindowContext`]
4018pub trait BorrowWindow: BorrowMut<Window> + BorrowMut<AppContext> {
4019    #[doc(hidden)]
4020    fn app_mut(&mut self) -> &mut AppContext {
4021        self.borrow_mut()
4022    }
4023
4024    #[doc(hidden)]
4025    fn app(&self) -> &AppContext {
4026        self.borrow()
4027    }
4028
4029    #[doc(hidden)]
4030    fn window(&self) -> &Window {
4031        self.borrow()
4032    }
4033
4034    #[doc(hidden)]
4035    fn window_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Window {
4036        self.borrow_mut()
4037    }
4038}
4039
4040impl Borrow<Window> for WindowContext<'_> {
4041    fn borrow(&self) -> &Window {
4042        self.window
4043    }
4044}
4045
4046impl BorrowMut<Window> for WindowContext<'_> {
4047    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Window {
4048        self.window
4049    }
4050}
4051
4052impl<T> BorrowWindow for T where T: BorrowMut<AppContext> + BorrowMut<Window> {}
4053
4054/// Provides access to application state that is specialized for a particular [`View`].
4055/// Allows you to interact with focus, emit events, etc.
4056/// ViewContext also derefs to [`WindowContext`], giving you access to all of its methods as well.
4057/// When you call [`View::update`], you're passed a `&mut V` and an `&mut ViewContext<V>`.
4058pub struct ViewContext<'a, V> {
4059    window_cx: WindowContext<'a>,
4060    view: &'a View<V>,
4061}
4062
4063impl<V> Borrow<AppContext> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
4064    fn borrow(&self) -> &AppContext {
4065        &*self.window_cx.app
4066    }
4067}
4068
4069impl<V> BorrowMut<AppContext> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
4070    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut AppContext {
4071        &mut *self.window_cx.app
4072    }
4073}
4074
4075impl<V> Borrow<Window> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
4076    fn borrow(&self) -> &Window {
4077        &*self.window_cx.window
4078    }
4079}
4080
4081impl<V> BorrowMut<Window> for ViewContext<'_, V> {
4082    fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Window {
4083        &mut *self.window_cx.window
4084    }
4085}
4086
4087impl<'a, V: 'static> ViewContext<'a, V> {
4088    pub(crate) fn new(app: &'a mut AppContext, window: &'a mut Window, view: &'a View<V>) -> Self {
4089        Self {
4090            window_cx: WindowContext::new(app, window),
4091            view,
4092        }
4093    }
4094
4095    /// Get the entity_id of this view.
4096    pub fn entity_id(&self) -> EntityId {
4097        self.view.entity_id()
4098    }
4099
4100    /// Get the view pointer underlying this context.
4101    pub fn view(&self) -> &View<V> {
4102        self.view
4103    }
4104
4105    /// Get the model underlying this view.
4106    pub fn model(&self) -> &Model<V> {
4107        &self.view.model
4108    }
4109
4110    /// Access the underlying window context.
4111    pub fn window_context(&mut self) -> &mut WindowContext<'a> {
4112        &mut self.window_cx
4113    }
4114
4115    /// Sets a given callback to be run on the next frame.
4116    pub fn on_next_frame(&self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static)
4117    where
4118        V: 'static,
4119    {
4120        let view = self.view().clone();
4121        self.window_cx.on_next_frame(move |cx| view.update(cx, f));
4122    }
4123
4124    /// Schedules the given function to be run at the end of the current effect cycle, allowing entities
4125    /// that are currently on the stack to be returned to the app.
4126    pub fn defer(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static) {
4127        let view = self.view().downgrade();
4128        self.window_cx.defer(move |cx| {
4129            view.update(cx, f).ok();
4130        });
4131    }
4132
4133    /// Observe another model or view for changes to its state, as tracked by [`ModelContext::notify`].
4134    pub fn observe<V2, E>(
4135        &mut self,
4136        entity: &E,
4137        mut on_notify: impl FnMut(&mut V, E, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
4138    ) -> Subscription
4139    where
4140        V2: 'static,
4141        V: 'static,
4142        E: Entity<V2>,
4143    {
4144        let view = self.view().downgrade();
4145        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
4146        let entity = entity.downgrade();
4147        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
4148        self.app.new_observer(
4149            entity_id,
4150            Box::new(move |cx| {
4151                window_handle
4152                    .update(cx, |_, cx| {
4153                        if let Some(handle) = E::upgrade_from(&entity) {
4154                            view.update(cx, |this, cx| on_notify(this, handle, cx))
4155                                .is_ok()
4156                        } else {
4157                            false
4158                        }
4159                    })
4160                    .unwrap_or(false)
4161            }),
4162        )
4163    }
4164
4165    /// Subscribe to events emitted by another model or view.
4166    /// The entity to which you're subscribing must implement the [`EventEmitter`] trait.
4167    /// The callback will be invoked with a reference to the current view, a handle to the emitting entity (either a [`View`] or [`Model`]), the event, and a view context for the current view.
4168    pub fn subscribe<V2, E, Evt>(
4169        &mut self,
4170        entity: &E,
4171        mut on_event: impl FnMut(&mut V, E, &Evt, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
4172    ) -> Subscription
4173    where
4174        V2: EventEmitter<Evt>,
4175        E: Entity<V2>,
4176        Evt: 'static,
4177    {
4178        let view = self.view().downgrade();
4179        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
4180        let handle = entity.downgrade();
4181        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
4182        self.app.new_subscription(
4183            entity_id,
4184            (
4185                TypeId::of::<Evt>(),
4186                Box::new(move |event, cx| {
4187                    window_handle
4188                        .update(cx, |_, cx| {
4189                            if let Some(handle) = E::upgrade_from(&handle) {
4190                                let event = event.downcast_ref().expect("invalid event type");
4191                                view.update(cx, |this, cx| on_event(this, handle, event, cx))
4192                                    .is_ok()
4193                            } else {
4194                                false
4195                            }
4196                        })
4197                        .unwrap_or(false)
4198                }),
4199            ),
4200        )
4201    }
4202
4203    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the view is released.
4204    ///
4205    /// The callback receives a handle to the view's window. This handle may be
4206    /// invalid, if the window was closed before the view was released.
4207    pub fn on_release(
4208        &self,
4209        on_release: impl FnOnce(&mut V, AnyWindowHandle, &mut AppContext) + 'static,
4210    ) -> Subscription {
4211        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
4212        let (subscription, activate) = self.app.release_listeners.insert(
4213            self.view.model.entity_id,
4214            Box::new(move |this, cx| {
4215                let this = this.downcast_mut().expect("invalid entity type");
4216                on_release(this, window_handle, cx)
4217            }),
4218        );
4219        activate();
4220        subscription
4221    }
4222
4223    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the given Model or View is released.
4224    pub fn observe_release<V2, E>(
4225        &self,
4226        entity: &E,
4227        mut on_release: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut V2, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
4228    ) -> Subscription
4229    where
4230        V: 'static,
4231        V2: 'static,
4232        E: Entity<V2>,
4233    {
4234        let view = self.view().downgrade();
4235        let entity_id = entity.entity_id();
4236        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
4237        let (subscription, activate) = self.app.release_listeners.insert(
4238            entity_id,
4239            Box::new(move |entity, cx| {
4240                let entity = entity.downcast_mut().expect("invalid entity type");
4241                let _ = window_handle.update(cx, |_, cx| {
4242                    view.update(cx, |this, cx| on_release(this, entity, cx))
4243                });
4244            }),
4245        );
4246        activate();
4247        subscription
4248    }
4249
4250    /// Indicate that this view has changed, which will invoke any observers and also mark the window as dirty.
4251    /// If this view or any of its ancestors are *cached*, notifying it will cause it or its ancestors to be redrawn.
4252    pub fn notify(&mut self) {
4253        self.window_cx.notify(Some(self.view.entity_id()));
4254    }
4255
4256    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the window is resized.
4257    pub fn observe_window_bounds(
4258        &self,
4259        mut callback: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4260    ) -> Subscription {
4261        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4262        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.bounds_observers.insert(
4263            (),
4264            Box::new(move |cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| callback(view, cx)).is_ok()),
4265        );
4266        activate();
4267        subscription
4268    }
4269
4270    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the window is activated or deactivated.
4271    pub fn observe_window_activation(
4272        &self,
4273        mut callback: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4274    ) -> Subscription {
4275        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4276        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.activation_observers.insert(
4277            (),
4278            Box::new(move |cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| callback(view, cx)).is_ok()),
4279        );
4280        activate();
4281        subscription
4282    }
4283
4284    /// Registers a callback to be invoked when the window appearance changes.
4285    pub fn observe_window_appearance(
4286        &self,
4287        mut callback: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4288    ) -> Subscription {
4289        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4290        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.appearance_observers.insert(
4291            (),
4292            Box::new(move |cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| callback(view, cx)).is_ok()),
4293        );
4294        activate();
4295        subscription
4296    }
4297
4298    /// Register a callback to be invoked when a keystroke is received by the application
4299    /// in any window. Note that this fires after all other action and event mechanisms have resolved
4300    /// and that this API will not be invoked if the event's propagation is stopped.
4301    pub fn observe_keystrokes(
4302        &mut self,
4303        mut f: impl FnMut(&mut V, &KeystrokeEvent, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4304    ) -> Subscription {
4305        fn inner(
4306            keystroke_observers: &SubscriberSet<(), KeystrokeObserver>,
4307            handler: KeystrokeObserver,
4308        ) -> Subscription {
4309            let (subscription, activate) = keystroke_observers.insert((), handler);
4310            activate();
4311            subscription
4312        }
4313
4314        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4315        inner(
4316            &mut self.keystroke_observers,
4317            Box::new(move |event, cx| {
4318                if let Some(view) = view.upgrade() {
4319                    view.update(cx, |view, cx| f(view, event, cx));
4320                    true
4321                } else {
4322                    false
4323                }
4324            }),
4325        )
4326    }
4327
4328    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the window's pending input changes.
4329    pub fn observe_pending_input(
4330        &self,
4331        mut callback: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4332    ) -> Subscription {
4333        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4334        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.pending_input_observers.insert(
4335            (),
4336            Box::new(move |cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| callback(view, cx)).is_ok()),
4337        );
4338        activate();
4339        subscription
4340    }
4341
4342    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle receives focus.
4343    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
4344    pub fn on_focus(
4345        &mut self,
4346        handle: &FocusHandle,
4347        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4348    ) -> Subscription {
4349        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4350        let focus_id = handle.id;
4351        let (subscription, activate) =
4352            self.window.new_focus_listener(Box::new(move |event, cx| {
4353                view.update(cx, |view, cx| {
4354                    if event.previous_focus_path.last() != Some(&focus_id)
4355                        && event.current_focus_path.last() == Some(&focus_id)
4356                    {
4357                        listener(view, cx)
4358                    }
4359                })
4360                .is_ok()
4361            }));
4362        self.app.defer(|_| activate());
4363        subscription
4364    }
4365
4366    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle or one of its descendants receives focus.
4367    /// This does not fire if the given focus handle - or one of its descendants - was previously focused.
4368    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
4369    pub fn on_focus_in(
4370        &mut self,
4371        handle: &FocusHandle,
4372        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4373    ) -> Subscription {
4374        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4375        let focus_id = handle.id;
4376        let (subscription, activate) =
4377            self.window.new_focus_listener(Box::new(move |event, cx| {
4378                view.update(cx, |view, cx| {
4379                    if event.is_focus_in(focus_id) {
4380                        listener(view, cx)
4381                    }
4382                })
4383                .is_ok()
4384            }));
4385        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
4386        subscription
4387    }
4388
4389    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle loses focus.
4390    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
4391    pub fn on_blur(
4392        &mut self,
4393        handle: &FocusHandle,
4394        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4395    ) -> Subscription {
4396        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4397        let focus_id = handle.id;
4398        let (subscription, activate) =
4399            self.window.new_focus_listener(Box::new(move |event, cx| {
4400                view.update(cx, |view, cx| {
4401                    if event.previous_focus_path.last() == Some(&focus_id)
4402                        && event.current_focus_path.last() != Some(&focus_id)
4403                    {
4404                        listener(view, cx)
4405                    }
4406                })
4407                .is_ok()
4408            }));
4409        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
4410        subscription
4411    }
4412
4413    /// Register a listener to be called when nothing in the window has focus.
4414    /// This typically happens when the node that was focused is removed from the tree,
4415    /// and this callback lets you chose a default place to restore the users focus.
4416    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
4417    pub fn on_focus_lost(
4418        &self,
4419        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4420    ) -> Subscription {
4421        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4422        let (subscription, activate) = self.window.focus_lost_listeners.insert(
4423            (),
4424            Box::new(move |cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| listener(view, cx)).is_ok()),
4425        );
4426        activate();
4427        subscription
4428    }
4429
4430    /// Register a listener to be called when the given focus handle or one of its descendants loses focus.
4431    /// Returns a subscription and persists until the subscription is dropped.
4432    pub fn on_focus_out(
4433        &mut self,
4434        handle: &FocusHandle,
4435        mut listener: impl FnMut(&mut V, FocusOutEvent, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4436    ) -> Subscription {
4437        let view = self.view.downgrade();
4438        let focus_id = handle.id;
4439        let (subscription, activate) =
4440            self.window.new_focus_listener(Box::new(move |event, cx| {
4441                view.update(cx, |view, cx| {
4442                    if let Some(blurred_id) = event.previous_focus_path.last().copied() {
4443                        if event.is_focus_out(focus_id) {
4444                            let event = FocusOutEvent {
4445                                blurred: WeakFocusHandle {
4446                                    id: blurred_id,
4447                                    handles: Arc::downgrade(&cx.app.focus_handles),
4448                                },
4449                            };
4450                            listener(view, event, cx)
4451                        }
4452                    }
4453                })
4454                .is_ok()
4455            }));
4456        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
4457        subscription
4458    }
4459
4460    /// Schedule a future to be run asynchronously.
4461    /// The given callback is invoked with a [`WeakView<V>`] to avoid leaking the view for a long-running process.
4462    /// It's also given an [`AsyncWindowContext`], which can be used to access the state of the view across await points.
4463    /// The returned future will be polled on the main thread.
4464    pub fn spawn<Fut, R>(&self, f: impl FnOnce(WeakView<V>, AsyncWindowContext) -> Fut) -> Task<R>
4465    where
4466        R: 'static,
4467        Fut: Future<Output = R> + 'static,
4468    {
4469        let view = self.view().downgrade();
4470        self.window_cx.spawn(|cx| f(view, cx))
4471    }
4472
4473    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the given global state changes.
4474    pub fn observe_global<G: Global>(
4475        &mut self,
4476        mut f: impl FnMut(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) + 'static,
4477    ) -> Subscription {
4478        let window_handle = self.window.handle;
4479        let view = self.view().downgrade();
4480        let (subscription, activate) = self.global_observers.insert(
4481            TypeId::of::<G>(),
4482            Box::new(move |cx| {
4483                window_handle
4484                    .update(cx, |_, cx| view.update(cx, |view, cx| f(view, cx)).is_ok())
4485                    .unwrap_or(false)
4486            }),
4487        );
4488        self.app.defer(move |_| activate());
4489        subscription
4490    }
4491
4492    /// Register a callback to be invoked when the given Action type is dispatched to the window.
4493    pub fn on_action(
4494        &mut self,
4495        action_type: TypeId,
4496        listener: impl Fn(&mut V, &dyn Any, DispatchPhase, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4497    ) {
4498        let handle = self.view().clone();
4499        self.window_cx
4500            .on_action(action_type, move |action, phase, cx| {
4501                handle.update(cx, |view, cx| {
4502                    listener(view, action, phase, cx);
4503                })
4504            });
4505    }
4506
4507    /// Emit an event to be handled by any other views that have subscribed via [ViewContext::subscribe].
4508    pub fn emit<Evt>(&mut self, event: Evt)
4509    where
4510        Evt: 'static,
4511        V: EventEmitter<Evt>,
4512    {
4513        let emitter = self.view.model.entity_id;
4514        self.app.push_effect(Effect::Emit {
4515            emitter,
4516            event_type: TypeId::of::<Evt>(),
4517            event: Box::new(event),
4518        });
4519    }
4520
4521    /// Move focus to the current view, assuming it implements [`FocusableView`].
4522    pub fn focus_self(&mut self)
4523    where
4524        V: FocusableView,
4525    {
4526        self.defer(|view, cx| view.focus_handle(cx).focus(cx))
4527    }
4528
4529    /// Convenience method for accessing view state in an event callback.
4530    ///
4531    /// Many GPUI callbacks take the form of `Fn(&E, &mut WindowContext)`,
4532    /// but it's often useful to be able to access view state in these
4533    /// callbacks. This method provides a convenient way to do so.
4534    pub fn listener<E: ?Sized>(
4535        &self,
4536        f: impl Fn(&mut V, &E, &mut ViewContext<V>) + 'static,
4537    ) -> impl Fn(&E, &mut WindowContext) + 'static {
4538        let view = self.view().downgrade();
4539        move |e: &E, cx: &mut WindowContext| {
4540            view.update(cx, |view, cx| f(view, e, cx)).ok();
4541        }
4542    }
4543}
4544
4545impl<V> Context for ViewContext<'_, V> {
4546    type Result<U> = U;
4547
4548    fn new_model<T: 'static>(
4549        &mut self,
4550        build_model: impl FnOnce(&mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> T,
4551    ) -> Model<T> {
4552        self.window_cx.new_model(build_model)
4553    }
4554
4555    fn reserve_model<T: 'static>(&mut self) -> Self::Result<crate::Reservation<T>> {
4556        self.window_cx.reserve_model()
4557    }
4558
4559    fn insert_model<T: 'static>(
4560        &mut self,
4561        reservation: crate::Reservation<T>,
4562        build_model: impl FnOnce(&mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> T,
4563    ) -> Self::Result<Model<T>> {
4564        self.window_cx.insert_model(reservation, build_model)
4565    }
4566
4567    fn update_model<T: 'static, R>(
4568        &mut self,
4569        model: &Model<T>,
4570        update: impl FnOnce(&mut T, &mut ModelContext<'_, T>) -> R,
4571    ) -> R {
4572        self.window_cx.update_model(model, update)
4573    }
4574
4575    fn read_model<T, R>(
4576        &self,
4577        handle: &Model<T>,
4578        read: impl FnOnce(&T, &AppContext) -> R,
4579    ) -> Self::Result<R>
4580    where
4581        T: 'static,
4582    {
4583        self.window_cx.read_model(handle, read)
4584    }
4585
4586    fn update_window<T, F>(&mut self, window: AnyWindowHandle, update: F) -> Result<T>
4587    where
4588        F: FnOnce(AnyView, &mut WindowContext<'_>) -> T,
4589    {
4590        self.window_cx.update_window(window, update)
4591    }
4592
4593    fn read_window<T, R>(
4594        &self,
4595        window: &WindowHandle<T>,
4596        read: impl FnOnce(View<T>, &AppContext) -> R,
4597    ) -> Result<R>
4598    where
4599        T: 'static,
4600    {
4601        self.window_cx.read_window(window, read)
4602    }
4603}
4604
4605impl<V: 'static> VisualContext for ViewContext<'_, V> {
4606    fn new_view<W: Render + 'static>(
4607        &mut self,
4608        build_view_state: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, W>) -> W,
4609    ) -> Self::Result<View<W>> {
4610        self.window_cx.new_view(build_view_state)
4611    }
4612
4613    fn update_view<V2: 'static, R>(
4614        &mut self,
4615        view: &View<V2>,
4616        update: impl FnOnce(&mut V2, &mut ViewContext<'_, V2>) -> R,
4617    ) -> Self::Result<R> {
4618        self.window_cx.update_view(view, update)
4619    }
4620
4621    fn replace_root_view<W>(
4622        &mut self,
4623        build_view: impl FnOnce(&mut ViewContext<'_, W>) -> W,
4624    ) -> Self::Result<View<W>>
4625    where
4626        W: 'static + Render,
4627    {
4628        self.window_cx.replace_root_view(build_view)
4629    }
4630
4631    fn focus_view<W: FocusableView>(&mut self, view: &View<W>) -> Self::Result<()> {
4632        self.window_cx.focus_view(view)
4633    }
4634
4635    fn dismiss_view<W: ManagedView>(&mut self, view: &View<W>) -> Self::Result<()> {
4636        self.window_cx.dismiss_view(view)
4637    }
4638}
4639
4640impl<'a, V> std::ops::Deref for ViewContext<'a, V> {
4641    type Target = WindowContext<'a>;
4642
4643    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
4644        &self.window_cx
4645    }
4646}
4647
4648impl<'a, V> std::ops::DerefMut for ViewContext<'a, V> {
4649    fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
4650        &mut self.window_cx
4651    }
4652}
4653
4654// #[derive(Clone, Copy, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
4655slotmap::new_key_type! {
4656    /// A unique identifier for a window.
4657    pub struct WindowId;
4658}
4659
4660impl WindowId {
4661    /// Converts this window ID to a `u64`.
4662    pub fn as_u64(&self) -> u64 {
4663        self.0.as_ffi()
4664    }
4665}
4666
4667impl From<u64> for WindowId {
4668    fn from(value: u64) -> Self {
4669        WindowId(slotmap::KeyData::from_ffi(value))
4670    }
4671}
4672
4673/// A handle to a window with a specific root view type.
4674/// Note that this does not keep the window alive on its own.
4675#[derive(Deref, DerefMut)]
4676pub struct WindowHandle<V> {
4677    #[deref]
4678    #[deref_mut]
4679    pub(crate) any_handle: AnyWindowHandle,
4680    state_type: PhantomData<V>,
4681}
4682
4683impl<V: 'static + Render> WindowHandle<V> {
4684    /// Creates a new handle from a window ID.
4685    /// This does not check if the root type of the window is `V`.
4686    pub fn new(id: WindowId) -> Self {
4687        WindowHandle {
4688            any_handle: AnyWindowHandle {
4689                id,
4690                state_type: TypeId::of::<V>(),
4691            },
4692            state_type: PhantomData,
4693        }
4694    }
4695
4696    /// Get the root view out of this window.
4697    ///
4698    /// This will fail if the window is closed or if the root view's type does not match `V`.
4699    pub fn root<C>(&self, cx: &mut C) -> Result<View<V>>
4700    where
4701        C: Context,
4702    {
4703        Flatten::flatten(cx.update_window(self.any_handle, |root_view, _| {
4704            root_view
4705                .downcast::<V>()
4706                .map_err(|_| anyhow!("the type of the window's root view has changed"))
4707        }))
4708    }
4709
4710    /// Updates the root view of this window.
4711    ///
4712    /// This will fail if the window has been closed or if the root view's type does not match
4713    pub fn update<C, R>(
4714        &self,
4715        cx: &mut C,
4716        update: impl FnOnce(&mut V, &mut ViewContext<'_, V>) -> R,
4717    ) -> Result<R>
4718    where
4719        C: Context,
4720    {
4721        cx.update_window(self.any_handle, |root_view, cx| {
4722            let view = root_view
4723                .downcast::<V>()
4724                .map_err(|_| anyhow!("the type of the window's root view has changed"))?;
4725            Ok(cx.update_view(&view, update))
4726        })?
4727    }
4728
4729    /// Read the root view out of this window.
4730    ///
4731    /// This will fail if the window is closed or if the root view's type does not match `V`.
4732    pub fn read<'a>(&self, cx: &'a AppContext) -> Result<&'a V> {
4733        let x = cx
4734            .windows
4735            .get(self.id)
4736            .and_then(|window| {
4737                window
4738                    .as_ref()
4739                    .and_then(|window| window.root_view.clone())
4740                    .map(|root_view| root_view.downcast::<V>())
4741            })
4742            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("window not found"))?
4743            .map_err(|_| anyhow!("the type of the window's root view has changed"))?;
4744
4745        Ok(x.read(cx))
4746    }
4747
4748    /// Read the root view out of this window, with a callback
4749    ///
4750    /// This will fail if the window is closed or if the root view's type does not match `V`.
4751    pub fn read_with<C, R>(&self, cx: &C, read_with: impl FnOnce(&V, &AppContext) -> R) -> Result<R>
4752    where
4753        C: Context,
4754    {
4755        cx.read_window(self, |root_view, cx| read_with(root_view.read(cx), cx))
4756    }
4757
4758    /// Read the root view pointer off of this window.
4759    ///
4760    /// This will fail if the window is closed or if the root view's type does not match `V`.
4761    pub fn root_view<C>(&self, cx: &C) -> Result<View<V>>
4762    where
4763        C: Context,
4764    {
4765        cx.read_window(self, |root_view, _cx| root_view.clone())
4766    }
4767
4768    /// Check if this window is 'active'.
4769    ///
4770    /// Will return `None` if the window is closed or currently
4771    /// borrowed.
4772    pub fn is_active(&self, cx: &mut AppContext) -> Option<bool> {
4773        cx.update_window(self.any_handle, |_, cx| cx.is_window_active())
4774            .ok()
4775    }
4776}
4777
4778impl<V> Copy for WindowHandle<V> {}
4779
4780impl<V> Clone for WindowHandle<V> {
4781    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
4782        *self
4783    }
4784}
4785
4786impl<V> PartialEq for WindowHandle<V> {
4787    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
4788        self.any_handle == other.any_handle
4789    }
4790}
4791
4792impl<V> Eq for WindowHandle<V> {}
4793
4794impl<V> Hash for WindowHandle<V> {
4795    fn hash<H: Hasher>(&self, state: &mut H) {
4796        self.any_handle.hash(state);
4797    }
4798}
4799
4800impl<V: 'static> From<WindowHandle<V>> for AnyWindowHandle {
4801    fn from(val: WindowHandle<V>) -> Self {
4802        val.any_handle
4803    }
4804}
4805
4806unsafe impl<V> Send for WindowHandle<V> {}
4807unsafe impl<V> Sync for WindowHandle<V> {}
4808
4809/// A handle to a window with any root view type, which can be downcast to a window with a specific root view type.
4810#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
4811pub struct AnyWindowHandle {
4812    pub(crate) id: WindowId,
4813    state_type: TypeId,
4814}
4815
4816impl AnyWindowHandle {
4817    /// Get the ID of this window.
4818    pub fn window_id(&self) -> WindowId {
4819        self.id
4820    }
4821
4822    /// Attempt to convert this handle to a window handle with a specific root view type.
4823    /// If the types do not match, this will return `None`.
4824    pub fn downcast<T: 'static>(&self) -> Option<WindowHandle<T>> {
4825        if TypeId::of::<T>() == self.state_type {
4826            Some(WindowHandle {
4827                any_handle: *self,
4828                state_type: PhantomData,
4829            })
4830        } else {
4831            None
4832        }
4833    }
4834
4835    /// Updates the state of the root view of this window.
4836    ///
4837    /// This will fail if the window has been closed.
4838    pub fn update<C, R>(
4839        self,
4840        cx: &mut C,
4841        update: impl FnOnce(AnyView, &mut WindowContext<'_>) -> R,
4842    ) -> Result<R>
4843    where
4844        C: Context,
4845    {
4846        cx.update_window(self, update)
4847    }
4848
4849    /// Read the state of the root view of this window.
4850    ///
4851    /// This will fail if the window has been closed.
4852    pub fn read<T, C, R>(self, cx: &C, read: impl FnOnce(View<T>, &AppContext) -> R) -> Result<R>
4853    where
4854        C: Context,
4855        T: 'static,
4856    {
4857        let view = self
4858            .downcast::<T>()
4859            .context("the type of the window's root view has changed")?;
4860
4861        cx.read_window(&view, read)
4862    }
4863}
4864
4865/// An identifier for an [`Element`](crate::Element).
4866///
4867/// Can be constructed with a string, a number, or both, as well
4868/// as other internal representations.
4869#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
4870pub enum ElementId {
4871    /// The ID of a View element
4872    View(EntityId),
4873    /// An integer ID.
4874    Integer(usize),
4875    /// A string based ID.
4876    Name(SharedString),
4877    /// A UUID.
4878    Uuid(Uuid),
4879    /// An ID that's equated with a focus handle.
4880    FocusHandle(FocusId),
4881    /// A combination of a name and an integer.
4882    NamedInteger(SharedString, usize),
4883    /// A path
4884    Path(Arc<std::path::Path>),
4885}
4886
4887impl Display for ElementId {
4888    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
4889        match self {
4890            ElementId::View(entity_id) => write!(f, "view-{}", entity_id)?,
4891            ElementId::Integer(ix) => write!(f, "{}", ix)?,
4892            ElementId::Name(name) => write!(f, "{}", name)?,
4893            ElementId::FocusHandle(_) => write!(f, "FocusHandle")?,
4894            ElementId::NamedInteger(s, i) => write!(f, "{}-{}", s, i)?,
4895            ElementId::Uuid(uuid) => write!(f, "{}", uuid)?,
4896            ElementId::Path(path) => write!(f, "{}", path.display())?,
4897        }
4898
4899        Ok(())
4900    }
4901}
4902
4903impl TryInto<SharedString> for ElementId {
4904    type Error = anyhow::Error;
4905
4906    fn try_into(self) -> anyhow::Result<SharedString> {
4907        if let ElementId::Name(name) = self {
4908            Ok(name)
4909        } else {
4910            Err(anyhow!("element id is not string"))
4911        }
4912    }
4913}
4914
4915impl From<usize> for ElementId {
4916    fn from(id: usize) -> Self {
4917        ElementId::Integer(id)
4918    }
4919}
4920
4921impl From<i32> for ElementId {
4922    fn from(id: i32) -> Self {
4923        Self::Integer(id as usize)
4924    }
4925}
4926
4927impl From<SharedString> for ElementId {
4928    fn from(name: SharedString) -> Self {
4929        ElementId::Name(name)
4930    }
4931}
4932
4933impl From<Arc<std::path::Path>> for ElementId {
4934    fn from(path: Arc<std::path::Path>) -> Self {
4935        ElementId::Path(path)
4936    }
4937}
4938
4939impl From<&'static str> for ElementId {
4940    fn from(name: &'static str) -> Self {
4941        ElementId::Name(name.into())
4942    }
4943}
4944
4945impl<'a> From<&'a FocusHandle> for ElementId {
4946    fn from(handle: &'a FocusHandle) -> Self {
4947        ElementId::FocusHandle(handle.id)
4948    }
4949}
4950
4951impl From<(&'static str, EntityId)> for ElementId {
4952    fn from((name, id): (&'static str, EntityId)) -> Self {
4953        ElementId::NamedInteger(name.into(), id.as_u64() as usize)
4954    }
4955}
4956
4957impl From<(&'static str, usize)> for ElementId {
4958    fn from((name, id): (&'static str, usize)) -> Self {
4959        ElementId::NamedInteger(name.into(), id)
4960    }
4961}
4962
4963impl From<(SharedString, usize)> for ElementId {
4964    fn from((name, id): (SharedString, usize)) -> Self {
4965        ElementId::NamedInteger(name, id)
4966    }
4967}
4968
4969impl From<(&'static str, u64)> for ElementId {
4970    fn from((name, id): (&'static str, u64)) -> Self {
4971        ElementId::NamedInteger(name.into(), id as usize)
4972    }
4973}
4974
4975impl From<Uuid> for ElementId {
4976    fn from(value: Uuid) -> Self {
4977        Self::Uuid(value)
4978    }
4979}
4980
4981impl From<(&'static str, u32)> for ElementId {
4982    fn from((name, id): (&'static str, u32)) -> Self {
4983        ElementId::NamedInteger(name.into(), id as usize)
4984    }
4985}
4986
4987/// A rectangle to be rendered in the window at the given position and size.
4988/// Passed as an argument [`WindowContext::paint_quad`].
4989#[derive(Clone)]
4990pub struct PaintQuad {
4991    /// The bounds of the quad within the window.
4992    pub bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
4993    /// The radii of the quad's corners.
4994    pub corner_radii: Corners<Pixels>,
4995    /// The background color of the quad.
4996    pub background: Background,
4997    /// The widths of the quad's borders.
4998    pub border_widths: Edges<Pixels>,
4999    /// The color of the quad's borders.
5000    pub border_color: Hsla,
5001}
5002
5003impl PaintQuad {
5004    /// Sets the corner radii of the quad.
5005    pub fn corner_radii(self, corner_radii: impl Into<Corners<Pixels>>) -> Self {
5006        PaintQuad {
5007            corner_radii: corner_radii.into(),
5008            ..self
5009        }
5010    }
5011
5012    /// Sets the border widths of the quad.
5013    pub fn border_widths(self, border_widths: impl Into<Edges<Pixels>>) -> Self {
5014        PaintQuad {
5015            border_widths: border_widths.into(),
5016            ..self
5017        }
5018    }
5019
5020    /// Sets the border color of the quad.
5021    pub fn border_color(self, border_color: impl Into<Hsla>) -> Self {
5022        PaintQuad {
5023            border_color: border_color.into(),
5024            ..self
5025        }
5026    }
5027
5028    /// Sets the background color of the quad.
5029    pub fn background(self, background: impl Into<Background>) -> Self {
5030        PaintQuad {
5031            background: background.into(),
5032            ..self
5033        }
5034    }
5035}
5036
5037/// Creates a quad with the given parameters.
5038pub fn quad(
5039    bounds: Bounds<Pixels>,
5040    corner_radii: impl Into<Corners<Pixels>>,
5041    background: impl Into<Background>,
5042    border_widths: impl Into<Edges<Pixels>>,
5043    border_color: impl Into<Hsla>,
5044) -> PaintQuad {
5045    PaintQuad {
5046        bounds,
5047        corner_radii: corner_radii.into(),
5048        background: background.into(),
5049        border_widths: border_widths.into(),
5050        border_color: border_color.into(),
5051    }
5052}
5053
5054/// Creates a filled quad with the given bounds and background color.
5055pub fn fill(bounds: impl Into<Bounds<Pixels>>, background: impl Into<Background>) -> PaintQuad {
5056    PaintQuad {
5057        bounds: bounds.into(),
5058        corner_radii: (0.).into(),
5059        background: background.into(),
5060        border_widths: (0.).into(),
5061        border_color: transparent_black(),
5062    }
5063}
5064
5065/// Creates a rectangle outline with the given bounds, border color, and a 1px border width
5066pub fn outline(bounds: impl Into<Bounds<Pixels>>, border_color: impl Into<Hsla>) -> PaintQuad {
5067    PaintQuad {
5068        bounds: bounds.into(),
5069        corner_radii: (0.).into(),
5070        background: transparent_black().into(),
5071        border_widths: (1.).into(),
5072        border_color: border_color.into(),
5073    }
5074}