Add document outlining plans for collaboration

Max Brunsfeld and Nathan Sobo created

Co-Authored-By: Nathan Sobo <nathan@zed.dev>

Change summary

docs/collaboration-v1-plan.md | 56 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
1 file changed, 56 insertions(+)

Detailed changes

docs/collaboration-v1-plan.md 🔗

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+# Collaboration V1
+
+### Sharing UI
+
+* For each worktree that I edit in Zed, there is a *Share* button that I can click to turn *sharing*
+  on or off for that worktree.
+* For each worktree that I share, Zed shows me a URL that I can give to others to let them
+  collaboratively edit that worktree.
+* __Question__ - Does the sharing on/off state of each worktree persist across application restart?
+  When I close Zed while sharing a worktree, should I resume sharing when I reopen Zed?
+    Pros:
+    * This would remove friction from teams collaborating continuously.
+    Cons:
+    * I might have added something secret to the worktree since I last opened Zed. Could we detect
+      changes that have occured outside of Zed, and avoid auto-sharing on startup when that has
+      happened?
+
+### Sharing Semantics
+
+* While sharing, the entire state of my worktree is replicated and stored forever on the Zed server.
+  Other collaborators can freely read the last state of my worktree, even after I've quit Zed.
+* __Potential Scope Cut__ - For now, we won't store the history locally, as this isn't needed for  
+  collaboration. Later, we may explore keeping a partial history locally as well, to support using
+  the history while offline. A local history would allow:
+    * Undo after re-opening a buffer.
+    * Avoiding redundant uploads when re-opening a buffer while sharing.
+
+* When I begin sharing:
+    * Immediately, I upload a list of all the paths in my worktree, along a digest of each path
+    * The server responds with a list of paths that needs
+    * First, I upload the contents of all of my open buffers.
+    * At this point, sharing has begun. I am shown a URL.
+    * Asynchronously, I upload the contents of all other files in my worktree that the server needs.
+* While I'm sharing:
+    * Buffer operations are streamed to the Zed server, and to any peers that I'm collaborating with.
+    * When FS changes are detected to files that I *don't* have open:
+        * I again upload to the server a list of the paths that changed and their new digests.
+        * The server responds with a list of paths that it needs
+        * Asynchronously, I upload the new contents of these paths.
+    * If a peer requests to open one of my files that I haven't yet asynchronously uploaded, then
+      the server tells me to upload the contents of that file immediately.
+* When I stop sharing:
+    * I immediately stop uploading anything to the Zed server.
+
+* __Question__  - If, while sharing, I undo an operation that I performed while *not* sharing, what
+ information do I need to send to the server?
+    * Can we transmit the operation as a new `Edit`, instead of as an `Undo`, so that the server can see
+      the details of the operation? Will this be guaranteed to converge, since there can't have been any
+      operations concurrent with the undone operation?
+
+### Further Improvements
+
+* When we add a local persisten history of our worktree, we will be able to
+  avoid uploading entire snapshots of files that have changes since our last sharing session.
+  Instead, the server can report that last version vector that it has seen for a file,
+  and we can use that to construct a diff based on our history.